1. What were the causes of revolution in the British colonies of North America in the 18th century; France in the 18th century; and Mexico in the 19th and 20th centuries?
The feeling of inadequate representation caused unpopular unrest that led to revolutions in France, America and Mexico. Americans opposed taxation without representation and in France, heavy taxation and king’s incompetence made the people rise up to overthrow the political establishment. In Mexico, oppression of the majority by a clique of powerful elite made the masses take up arms. Desire for equality and freedom informed these revolutions.
The ...
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With the political history of the United States as its organizational framework, "American Nation ‘’ describes the advancement and growth of the United States as the product of the myriad actions, views, and forces of the immense variety of individuals and groups who together comprise of the American people. In broader detailed prose, the book examines the political, social, economic, and cultural developments and growth that have shaped the United States. Below is the summary of the first fourteen chapters of the book ‘’American Nation’’ and the contrast of the past and present historical analogy:
According to chapter five of ...
Introduction
Canada is known as a diverse multicultural society with its main reliance on immigration to prop up the population and has become ethnically diverse through the growth of the visible minority population. Every year Canada welcomes 225,000 immigrants. Recent demographic census of Canada suggests that over the next decade visible minorities will represent almost a quarter of the population of Canada and half of the population of Toronto and Vancouver. Andrew Cardozo and Ravi Pandaker argue that issues related to ethnicity should be treated in the policy foreground (Cardozo and Pandaker, 7). This ...
In his book, Fascism, Richard Griffiths discusses how this word is an over-used term in its modern sense, specifically discussing how it relates to the ideas of: “authoritarianism, to ‘control freakery’” and how it can also “imply violence, extremism or racism; or the term can be applied to the political Right in general.” Griffiths adds that these and a “wide range of other attributes, however, made up ‘fascism’.” (Griffiths 1) Following World War One, the rise of fascism intensified in Germany, specifically, due to their nationalistic pride. When Hitler rose to be chairman of the Nazi party in 1921, ...
European business and politics are too close are often in closed and corrupt relationships." Discuss with reference to at least three corruption cases.
The current businesses and politics are almost becoming the same in terms of practices and responsibilities. The developing culture of globalization needs strong connections for one to survive in the ever-demanding field of business. Individuals and organizations have found it too challenging to venture into the world of business and succeed without the help of some political figures. In other words those involved in businesses need to get the assistance of the politicians to enable them ...
Abstract
This paper is going to assess the analysis reviews decision theory, the political and rational models and their impacts, financial or otherwise to the various levels of government. Rational decision theory holds that decisions are made on their financial impacts. When a decision is deemed financially hazardous to the situation at hand then such is not made while if it financially safeguards the interests of a certain department or any level of government the decision holds. Political model on the other hand reiterates the making of decisions based on their political impacts: political correctness. Decisions made on such ...
Introduction
There were rich landowners who ruled like medieval Dukes and kept their workers in a very sorry state. They did not have enough basic necessities to survive. There was imbalance in the country. Most of the resources went to the rich and a change was necessary in the country. Mexico’s state of development was very slow and could not easily catch up with other countries if the required change never took place.
The Mexican revolution was very necessary in order to bring this system of oppression to a halt. However, the revolution had a lot of negative ...
Westernization refers to the process by which the western culture is assimilated and absorbed into another culture. It is the social process in which the customs and practices of the so called western civilization becomes the order of the day in a different culture.
It is the process of absorbing one cultural group into another and assimilating it in away that they, to some extend show your culture and practices in them. Westernization is also called occidentalisation i.e. a process by which societies adopt the Western culture in such matters as technology, industry, politics, lifestyle, economics, language, law, ...
Thucydides wrote about the desire for power by the human beings as one of the human natures that has existed among the Greeks. This human nature existed even in the ancient Greek especially among the Athens. His arguments have however supported in Plato’s argument has they appear in the Plato’s Apology (Farrar, 1988). Some of the other aspects of human nature that have formed the backbone of Thucydides’ quest to give an explanation as well as interpretation about human desire for power include judgment, passion, chance and desire for security (Connor, 1984). The Athenians appeal to these ...
Subject
The politics affecting Middle Eastern countries has a direct impact o world economies and politics. Yet, the political system of Muslim countries greatly differs from modern Western concepts, leading to misconceptions about the morality of such a system and doubts about its feasibility in the modern democratic world of politics. In this paper, I will be firstly be discussing how religion and politics in Islam cannot be separated. I will further discuss the rationality behind Islamic politics existing in the modern democratic scenario.
Unlike Christianity, Islam does not consider its clergy and its political rule to be different ...
Political movements have for a long time been characterized by various aspects, ranging from peaceful movements to terrorism and even genocide. As human beings struggle to make civilizations, governments and laws, it is quite true that there are always some aspects which bring in controversies, leading to revolutions or terrorism. In the modern world, there are several nations affected by these political and social situations, and one only has to look at the situations in Egypt, the Middle East and Tunisia.
Although defining terrorism may seem to be quite obvious, the distinction between revolutionary movements and terrorism is quite ...
Human beings make civilization, and this makes us unique among our counterparts in the Kingdom Animalia. Within our civilization, there are ways of generating our needs and requirements. The economic systems defined in our societies depend on how the social systems have been established, and the history surrounding our societies. I have a great passion for socioeconomic theory of capitalism. Due to the influence of education and mass media, I realized how capitalism can benefit societies in the modern world.
Although there are several drawbacks associated with the way capitalist economies perform, which are based on individualism ideas, it ...
Introduction
In their publication (Jean Louis & Frederic Hitzel) indicates that a vast pan-Islamic state of the Turks started its expansion in the small Turkish emirate location within the boundaries of the present republic of Turkey. It extended to North Africa, some part of Middle East and southeast Europe. It had also gained temporal authority over secluded overseas lands in the mode declarations paying of allegiance to the Sultan and Caliph. The publication further indicates that the empire was the pivot ...
Gypsies from Sutherland’s “Cross-cultural Law: Gypsy Offender
Kinship systems
The kinship system of the Gypsies is very complicated. There are no any formalized kin groups. The gypsies think of themselves of as brotherhood. This implies that anyone can fully participate in the communal rituals. They have an ideology of shared activity. ...
Chivalry is a term based on the medieval institution which has an aristocratic military origin of training Individual and offering service to others. Normally it is associated with ideas of knightly, honor, courtly love and virtues. Orders of Chivalry are primarily, a phenomenal history, strange to Christendom of Western Union of the middle ages. Categorically, several institutions have been placed overtime in the order of Chivalry .It is possible to differentiate several phrases in the history of those institutions. The original form of institution in the time of crusade was worthy its name of order since it consisted of ...
Betrayal of the people by political elite, which is the central theme in William Shakespeare’s play, The tragedy of Julius Caesar will always remain a major concern in the modern world. For this reason, this play will forever continue to be relevant to the curriculum.
William Shakespeare portrays the political elite as self centered individuals who betray the very people who elected them into leadership positions. Presidents and leaders make empty promises that they fail to fulfill.
The death of Caesar further demonstrates this, as the Roman citizens’ object to the killing of their charismatic leader, who is ...
‘Safe in their Alabaster Chambers’ is unusual because a version of it was published in Dickinson’s lifetime on March 1st, 1862 in The Springfield Republican. However, the punctuation was changed, the unorthodox use of capital letters was rectified and the lineation was also changed (Sewell 489). The editor was keen to publish more poems in the following winter, but Dickinson refused, reluctant perhaps to allow her poems to be changed so radically. This poem also exists in different versions – as Dickinson kept returning to it and re-drafting it. The version that is being used for this paper will ...
The National Interest in which the president depicts is; the loss of lives by the American troops in the Afghanistan, the economic effect the war has caused especially in the America as the government is focusing its resources on the war in Afghanistan and also the killings that were spearheaded by the al Qaeda on the American travelers. The military effort will be able to enhance the strongholds in the American economy and thus minimize the resources deployed to Afghanistan which in the long run will enhance economic stability of the America. The military will have to be increased ...
Introduction:
This paper analyzes and explains how the social class play influences social inequality in Australia, as well as how the myth of egalitarianism was created and how it is maintained. It also shows how inequality has influenced transformations in political, familial and industrial relations and how it has to be taken into account when endeavoring to come to grip with all kinds of inequalities. Due to changes in the societies, the is need to recollect the ideas of different classes, ethnical backgrounds, gender inequalities, political class, and embed them in the self, body and politics.
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The Cold War was an ongoing state of political disagreement, military nervousness, and financial competition continued after WWII .The Cold War extended from Europe and become an international ideological divergence between democracy and communalism.
At the time, Germany had already stopped its strategy of total power. All the western powers had a combined effort with the Eastern powers. England was overwhelmed while France had been plainly scorched to the ground, and lots of small country had experienced financial failure. East Russia was also undergoing lots of losses from the ineffective blockade of the Nazi's but they were better off ...
Car rental is the act of hiring a vehicle for use after a defined period of time and then returning it at the expiry of that period for an identified sum of money. The Car rental business in general has been lucrative of late with increased demands from clients who majorly consist of travelers and locals with either no car or have cars with problems. As an industry, the car rental business is a buzz of activities which could easily be said to have been characterized by the following factors which also do characterize other industries according to the ...
Sovereignty
Sovereignty can be defined as the quality of having large supreme and independent authority over a given geographical area, for instance, a territory. Numerous nations give the sovereignty aspect a high priority, in that they tend to do most of their undertakings without wanting outside interference. The recent events of the Libyan government and the dictator in refusing to listen to the pleas of the international community and other countries to effectively quit the government and leave the political scene is an example. The country has the right to do as it pleases with its resources ...
The Cold War
The cold war was a period when there was a protracted struggle between the United States and the Soviet immediately after the Second World War. The war was not physical per se, but an ideological, economic and geopolitical struggle which witnessed each country being supported by different allies depending on the ideologies they stood for. The cold war lasted until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. The confrontation was called the cold war because there was no direct hostility between the two major super powers at that time that is the ...
According to Salzman, “conflicts within the Middle East cannot be separated from its people’s culture….while many diplomats and analysts view the Arab-Israeli dispute and conflicts between Muslim and non-Muslim communities through the prism of political grievance, the roots of such conflicts lie as much in culture and Arab tribalism.” (Salzman 2008, p. 23) His particular opinion on the subject comes from a great deal of research and his own opinions on the way the Arab world is run – operating mostly on cultural differences causing conflict than anything related to the political and military sphere encountered there. In ...
The administration of death penalty to the worst clique of criminals has been widely debated. There exists different school of thoughts, understandings and conclusions on this crucial matter. Different states within the United States are holding varying positions and stands on the existence and practice of the death penalty. Scholars and researchers have in the past gained considerable interest towards this subject. Consequently, various research findings and conclusions have been reached at. The supporters and those against the death penalty have substantially researched on the whole subject in reaching ...
Kinship is a relationship among any entities that have a common origin or genealogy. This may be either through biological, historical or cultural decent. The kinship system includes people correlated both by marriage and descent. Through marriage, the kinship concerned is referred to as ‘affinity’ in contrast to ‘consagunguinity’ also called ‘descent’. Kinship is one of the most basic component and principles for individual organizations into social groups, categories, roles, and genealogy.
Various communities or social settings have different kinship organizations in regard to their ancestral preferences or their social and/or geographical settings. The Chinese kinship organization is ...
Romanticism, also known as the romantic era, was an intellectual movement, complex in artistry and literature, which emerged in the mid 18th century, and drew much of its strength from its strong reactions against the Industrial Revolution. This era originated and spread from Europe. The reasons for the establishment of this movement were many. One of the reasons for the development of romanticism was to revolt or demonstrate against the norms and the characteristics that came with the Age of Enlightenment. These characteristics were in line with the emerging aristocratic political and social issues.
The movement was ...
The depression of 1930’s was known as the great depression because its ripples were felt in all countries of the word. It originated from United States and its spread was attributed to the forged relationship between United States and European economies. The further spread to primary producing countries is attributed to the trade interrelation which had developed between these countries and the already developed countries. The primary producing nations included Latin America, Asia and Africa states. This depression strongly pressed countries like Britain and Germany because they had a lot of loans obtained from United States. Employment in ...
Oil resource endowment in a country should be a good source of wealth to the citizens. As expected, citizens from such countries should enjoy cheaper prices for most of the goods and services especially petroleum products and they should not be suffering from inadequate supply of petroleum products. Statistics have contrary showed that population of some of the oil producing countries are suffering from issues like limitation on gasoline purchase quantities, and expensive gasoline prices. This controversial can be better explained by considering the nature of these countries in terms of technology, economic level, ...
1. Adam Smith and Karl Marx were perhaps the most well-known economists of their time, however, their viewpoints on economics and economic development differed to a great extent. Adam Smith is most famous as a founder of the Classical Economics and a strong supporter of economic freedom and trade. Unlike mercantilists, Adam Smith tried to establish principles, which could benefit the whole nation, rather than some individuals. In his book “Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations” he introduces the term “system of natural liberty”, which is equivalent to the current definition of capitalism. According to Smith economic freedom is a prerequisite for competitiveness and prosperity. He considered all kinds of interventions into the mechanism of the market unfavourable, since they destroyed the balance, which was established by the so called “invisible hand”. People in a free market were assumed to make rational decisions, which were based on self-interest (Twigg).
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Q. 1. Cultural diversity can be defined as the differences that exist in people in terms of culture. “Culture” on the other hand is refers to the attitudes and behavior that are characteristic of a particular social group or organization. Also culture can be defined as an aggregate of ideas, values and customs passed down from one generation to another generation of a given ethnic group of people. On the other hand “Dimensions of cultural diversity” can be referred to as the attributes through which certain ethnic groups of people are distinguished with. These properties ...
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was signed in April 4, 1949. NATO is an intergovernmental military alliance, which has its headquarters at Brussels, Belgium, and it is based on the North Atlantic treaty or agreement. The organization has a collective defense system where member countries mutually agree on the defense mechanism in response to the external attacks (Andreas et al 76)
The presence of NATO in Afghanistan has been beneficial to the Middle East though some people argue that it has increased conflicts and misunderstanding than before. The NATO ongoing operation in Afghanistan and Iraq has enhanced strategic ...
Introduction
Joseph Nye’s book titled what matters is compelling in that it strives to predict the future of the US government foreign policy. But Yogi Berra, the great shrewd of baseball, was heard saying, “Never make predictions—principally about the future.” He apparently had a point but if we go back three decades, to the late 1970s, the Cold War was in earnest, and conservative wisdom held that American power was in the decline. But of course no one saw the Internet coming. Why must we think we can do any better by looking forward 30-plus years?
Perhaps ...
Where the Wasteland Ends by Roszak
Roszak’s book is about the political life and its many religious dimensions. He argues that one cannot possibly and adequately talk of politics without referring to religion. What Roszak is referring to here is not the commonly known religion, but rather what he refers to as the Old Gnosis, or what he calls mysticism. The author aimed to discover how this type of religion was eliminated from many cultures, and how this elimination affected the lives of the society and the politics within that society. ...
Migration is the movement of people from their countries of origin to other countries in search of employment, education or even refuge because of political unrests or natural calamities like earthquakes. Migration is a phenomenon that is becoming too difficult to be controlled. To start with, most countries do not have adequate legislation regarding to this movement of people. This thus makes the public to exploit this loophole and travel to the countries of their liking with or without anything that they are going to carry out there. This is aggravated further by the desire of attaining higher qualifications ...
Abstract
Poland has experienced remarkable historical events in the last100 years. The 20th century started with the creation of the Second Polish Republic (1918 – 1939), then the World War II (1939 – 1945), then the creation of the People's Republic of Poland (1945-1989), and finally the birth of the Third Polish Republic (1989-today). Within these periods, several events took place, some of which will remain in the ears of the Polish for ever. One such event is World War II, which is considered as the most devastating event in the history of Poland. I set out to investigate this event ...
It is a fundamental fact that to be able to begin to understand how society works, we must first garner an appreciation for the individual self and the role that they play within the bigger picture. As human beings, we are socialised into behaving within the sets of norms and values which society and culture place upon us. However, these values are changeable according to specific cultures and societies; paving the way for sub-cultures to arise. When discussing our understanding of society, we are able to assess it from a material viewpoint with the emphasis being on means production ...
Richard Wright had every reason to consider himself an outsider. He was born in 1908, an African American in the segregated South, and as he grew up witnessed lynchings and other manifestations of racial prejudice. In the segregated South at that time, it was commonplace for African Americans to feel themselves to be outsiders. It could be argued that as his life proceeded Wright continued to find himself, either through circumstances or his own actions and beliefs, in the position of an outsider. His childhood was deeply unsettled with his family often moving house, and at one point Wright ...
Task:
Civil rights movement was very famous in 50s and 80s almost in all parts of the world. In most cases, it assumed the shape of civil demonstrations which mainly strived to achieve transition through peaceful methods. In numerous occasions, there would be armed resistance and civil wars. The movement took quite sometime in majority of the countries, although most movements failed to attain the set objectives. However, the sacrifice and efforts that the diverse movements portrayed helped to improve the rights of groups which were discriminated against. This article will present the literary work and work of music ...
How World War One changed United States Society
Early 1900s was a time of great changes in the United States. At the time, United States was considered the world leader because the country was changing rapidly. This was the progressive era when United States became highly industrialized. People from all over the world moved to the country because of the better opportunities available there. United States implemented the isolation policy prior to world war one. The country did not want to be involved in any war at the time. However, circumstances forced the country to get to ...
At the end of the Second World War, the major mission in Germany was to better the living conditions of people and to put up a new nation and a new economy. Debate arose between the socialistic group on one hand and the capitalistic group on the other, on how these issues will be undertaken. As a result, the Social Market Economy was introduced in Germany by Ludwig Erhard. This model is based on the economic view point of Ordoliberalism which was being advocated for by Freiburg School of thought, (Kees, 1995, pp.45-47). The term ‘Social Market Economy’ ...
Nursing is a profession that rotates around (1) encouraging, upholding and reinstating health in people, (2) It as well necessitates the prevention of ailments and diseases and supporting individuals until they are competent enough to look after for themselves. Nursing practice can also be influenced by (3) the philosophical foundations of the profession, which is identified as a significant, factor in job satisfaction (International Council of Nurses, 2001).
Nursing is a profession that rotates around encouraging, upholding and reinstating health in people. Many people have the misconception that nursing only entails giving care. They overlook the fact that nursing ...
Introduction
Education has always been considered as one of the most important aspects of life that should be given undivided attention. For this reason, any country’s economic and political growth is highly dependent on the education curriculum. Knowledge gained from education is a key factor that helps raise a generation of high intellectual capacity (James, 1930). In the United States of America, education is one of the country’s components that have been given high priority. This is evidenced from facts observed from the history of some of the famous education institutions such as the Harvard University. Charles ...
Fascism has many definitions derived by scholars and political scientists. Among the many definitions there is no one that is acceptable as fascism takes different forms (Paxton, 2005, p. 13). In all the definitions derived there are common ideas like creating a centralized authority, a new culture that is self determined and oppression of those opposed to their believe. Germany was a nation that was well known for its well established and strong culture. For such a nation to fall apart is a question asked by many (Spielvogel, 2004, p. 25). The role of Hitler and was the reasons ...
In Voltaire’s Candide, we see an incredibly prescient bit of satire, as the titular character, Candide, experiences an episodic, darkly comedic, eerily satirical breakdown of all the things he thinks he knows about the world. Over the course of the book, everything from war to love to polite society itself is lampooned, broken down and exposed for the farce that it is. Candide comes to understand that, contrary to what he believed in the beginning, he is not living in “the best of all possible worlds.”
Candide has a lot of fun lampooning the tenets of polite European ...
The Hamilton readings portray the Enlightenment as both a path breaking and somewhat contradictory era. This was a period of intellectual development and philosophy in the eighteenth century. They believed in rationalism, reasoning and use of science in bringing about change and progress in society. The theory was influential in the three areas ...
By definition, social stratification is the system by which the society ranks different classes of people in a hierarchy based on their wealth, power and prestige or status. Social stratification fundamentally dictates the distribution of resources and opportunities in the society. Unfortunately, stratification inspires inequality because every individual in society is judged and condemned according to their social class, language and ethnicity, gender and age, and place. ...
Terrorism as an act of the same nation or against another nation by a political minority can be regarded as an act of Total conflict which by definitions includes the whole populace of both of the opposing armed forces as participants in the war.
Terrorism cannot be justified for the reason that it involves kidnapping, murder, false detention or some other criminal acts which denies liberty or life. The taking of guiltless life for one's own progression of a cause cannot be allowed to go as justifiable.
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