Reasoning College Essays Samples For Students

- Why it is difficult to distinguish between clinical-decision making errors solely due to intuitive judgment or analytical judgment?
Decisions made will depend on both intuitive and analytical judgment. Intuitive judgment mainly comes from the experience of the nurse. According to Bjork and Hamilton (2011), intuition develops from experience in managing patients in the nursing field. In this case, the nurse does not need to refer to analytical principles since the continuous exposure to these similar scenarios has led them to develop cues on how to assess different clinical situations. On the other hand, where the nurse does ...

- Why it is difficult to distinguish between clinical-decision making errors solely due to intuitive judgment or analytical judgment?
Clinical decision-making is based on the situation nurses face at hand. These situations may require the application of expertise or intuition in addressing it. Errors may result from either applying the right analytical procedures to a scenario or using traditional ritualistic reasoning. According to Hughes (2008), using intuitive judgment in most cases results to improving the standard nursing practices. Intuitive judgment assists in developing new standards reducing the use of wrong and outdated approaches to health care, and increasing prevention ...

Introduction

The glory of God and his handiwork can be well shown by the creation of the heavens and the firmament thus the divine revelation. However, this can also include the human personality since human beings are also God’s creatures. Thus the creation works and the light of creation do manifest the goodness, the wisdom and the power of God. Nevertheless, man is not sufficient and cannot give the knowledge and the will which is necessary for salvation.
The two terms i.e. reason and revelation appear to be contradictory to many people. Reason can be seen to be ...

Question One: why it is difficult to distinguish between clinical-decision making errors solely due to intuitive judgment or analytical judgment

It is often difficult to distinguish between clinical decision making errors solely due to intuitive judgment or analytical judgment. The reason is because both systems; that is the analytical and intuitive systems act in tandem most of the time when making judgment. From a functional view point, reasoning commences intuitively. This implies that one interprets environmental information precociously at first. The intuitive system is activated automatically and unconsciously. This automated processing o the environmental information will give rise to one or more solutions from the working memory. The activation of the analytical reasoning will confirm or invalidate the relevance of ...

Induction

Induction
The problem facing induction has been a great challenge presented by epistemology to various philosophers, among them David Hume. Since the 18th century, he has raised the induction concern to various philosophers with the aim of finding a solution to the dilemma. Karl Popper, Chalmers among others philosophers played an imperative role in identifying a considerable solution to the induction problem. In philosophy, induction is defined as a form of reasoning that is derived from a particular observation of a phenomenon and draws conclusions from the phenomenon. For instance, it is certain that the sun will rise tomorrow in the morning simply because ...

Introduction

Philosophy is all about questioning and setting the rules to find out the truth and its different approaches. It defines the abstract concepts and emphasizes on logic with rules of argumentation. Philosophy has researched science with good detail and influenced scientific inventions by thorough reasoning and intellectual thought (Popper, 2014). The subject of philosophy went deep down and developed various approaches, scientific method, and practices of science, adopting the strategy of discovering the facts, mechanisms, and laws to study the natural world. Science is a collection of knowledge, which is based upon predictions and testable explanation. As a result, science and ...

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.

Research methodology implies the process of collecting information relevant to a field of study for the purpose of deducing conclusions and decision making (Berger, 2011). It is a means of finding out the results of a given need or problem on a matter also referred to as a research problem. Methodology refers to the theoretical analysis of methods appropriate to a field of study. In methodology, a researcher uses different criteria for searching the solution to the given research problem, which may include interviews, surveys, questionnaires, publication research, and observation amongst others (Kothari, 2005). In research methodology, a researcher uses his/her unique means to search for systematic ...

English:

Critical thinking is a term that is directly linked to whether a person’s thought is clear of rather unclear. It refers to the process involving intellectual discipline of skilfully as well as actively putting into concept information, analyzing it, applying it, synthesizing the information and evaluating the information that has been gathered from experience, communication, reasoning, or observation as route to a particular action or actions and belief systems. Critical thinking involves exhibiting intellectual values that are very important during reasoning. These values include fairness, clarity, relevance, consistency and accuracy among others (Moore, Noel, and Parker 124). With these values, one ...

In the outset, I will begin by stating that custom reasoning is where the judge uses the customs and traditions of the people while making the ruling in a case. The judge listens to the person called by the court, considered to be the custodian and properly informed of the traditions in reference. He then makes a ruling on the basis of opinion given by this expert of the custom. The person is found guilty if for example his actions are found to have gone against the traditions and customs of the land. This type of reasoning is not always fair ...

The difference between natural reason and divine revelation is mainly based on the relationship between theology and philosophy. Reason entails matters to deal with the truths as well as making deductions relating to human nature and the general world. Reason therefore gives the truth but a partial view of human nature. Reasoning is therefore mainly based on philosophical thinking. Divine revelation on the other hand goes beyond philosophical theory and drawing of conclusions relating to realty and human nature using religion and faith as the main basis. Divine revelation involves matters pertaining to God and how the human beings fully ...

Nursing –Module 1 Short Answer Questions

- In a couple of sentences, outline why it is difficult to distinguish between clinical-decision making errors solely due to intuitive judgment or analytical judgment.
The problem lies in the fact that both methods have their ups and downs. Specifically, errors in an analytical judgment happen because the patient may not be diagnosed in time due to being meticulous. While being meticulous about a diagnosis is advised and should happen, this is not always the case. As such intuitive judgment of the issue is now used. While this is faster, it does not guarantee a correct diagnosis. Now, given that the ...

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1 Introduction
Since the 1930s a new philosophical direction developed almost without recognition of the public. Since then it gained in importance, till it has reached quite recently the predominant role. While this philosophical movement was in the beginning described as Logical Empiricism, or Neopositivism it is nowadays much more accurately described bas Analytical Philosophy. It conducts language and notion analysis on the basis of logic. Gaining popularity in the last years it has altered and even erased some old concepts of classical philosophy.
- Vienna Circle
...

Emotions can affect one's reasoning and how one makes decisions. Unless one is in control of his or her own emotions, it may be difficult to think and reason effectively. Inner emotions change a person’s moral reasoning when proving their actions. It is necessary to avoid the effect of emotions when reasoning through a difficult situation. For instance, you want to prove very important point and at the same time you are in a bad mood, angry or hopeless. These emotions will surely affect your moral reasoning to some extent. Avoiding emotions at all in making a decision may be impossible, but ...

Introduction

“That which can be asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence.”
- Christopher Hitchens
Such brazen remark would seem highly provocative at first instance, as it tackles a particularly sensitive component of epistemology – evidence. There are numerous debates surrounding the study of evidence, being undoubtedly controversial due to the contentious definition of knowledge. Nevertheless, it does not mean to say that the subject matter does not render any possible resolutions, albeit the debate will carry on as various schools of thought hold different stands on knowledge.
This study will ...

David Hume is one of the philosophers who looked at the relationship of things as they are in the human world. His ideas were well explained through a philosophical argument. There are some tenets of his argument. Some of these tenets lie in the contents of impressions and ideas. According to Murphy (Para 5), Hume argued that the contents of the mind can be divided into impressions and ideas. The impressions are such things as passions, emotions and sensations. On the other hand, ideas are the faint images of these impressions in reflection, thought, and imagination.
Given this explanation, ...

Question 1:

The Arizona Character Education Foundation (Para 1) observes that ethics is about doing what is right. It is what drives individuals to strive hard to live as per the expected societal standards. There are various benefits of striving to live in line with these standards. According to Business Case Studies (1), application of ethics can help in various situations such as in business settings, at work and in other social forums. More often than not, we are faced by issues which call for ethical decision making.

There are two recent incidences which I can relate to this. At school, ...

1. Problem Solving Project
1.1. How Mathematical Problem Solving Can Lead to Excellence, Personal Development and Integrity Outside of a Mathematics Classroom
The philosophical understanding of the world, its general laws and basic scientific concepts is not possible without mathematics. Mathematical problem solving leads to excellence, personal development and integrity outside of a mathematics classroom. It helps to analyze, compare and classify objects, establish cause-and-effect relations and patterns, build logical chains of reasoning and develop algorithmic thinking.
Mathematics allows us to develop some important mental faculties: analytical, deductive (the ability to generalize), critical, forward-looking (the ability to forecast, ...

Introduction

Conscience determines the type of actions that are morally right or morally wrong. In order to find out whether the conscience is factor that brings about morally good actions or not it is important to know first what the definition of conscience is. Conscience is defined as the inner most feeling or voice that guides a person in the path of doing something wrong or good. When it comes to the topic of conscience been the guide for ones doing morally good or evil things is something that has been discussed by money, there are those who believe that the ...

Introduction

Nurses are responsible for the delivery of safe, effective, efficient, timely and patient centered health care services. The first step in delivering health care services is identifying the actual health problems a patient has and potential health care complication the patient will likely have based on the patients health history and the current conditions. In this report, nursing problems are stated for the case of a geriatric patient recovering from a TURP operation. Possible interventions to arrest the identified problems and evaluation of their effectiveness in keeping with the clinical reasoning model are evaluated.
TURP is commonly used to benign prostatic ...

Most people never expect that in applying for a job they are required to talk in public or do an impromptu presentation. It is a great advantage when a person has the confidence, courage, and the ability to communicate well. It implies that a good speaker has the advantage to land a good job than others who are not. Particularly, in a critical phase of the interview, an applicant has to compete in terms of his or her oral communication skill. In a workplace, informing and persuading are the employees’ challenges and a constant practice is the key to improving the skills in informing and persuading. Through a ...

Eugene Flinn’s “The Inn of the Seventy-Seven Clocks” is a mystery crime novel combined with the author’s humorous approach in storytelling. An analysis of the novel may be from various perspectives but the succeeding discussion will focus on the protagonists’ methods or techniques in solving the narrative’s mysteries. A combination of logical reasoning and intuition helped Inspector J. Pequod Dyxx and his wife Evangeline unravel the novel’s mysteries. Flinn’s narrative illustrates the effect of one method on the other such that intuition plays an important role in the protagonists’ realization of some details and vice ...

Introduction:

Moral Psychology is a relatively new branch of Psychology that studies moral identity development. A moral act is considered as behavior that has either a moral or immoral consequence (Teper, Inzlicht, & Page-Gould, 2011). A moral act is any act that requires purity, free will, honesty, liberty, and meaning while an immoral act is smeared with corruption and fraudulence of any sort. It is believed; moral act leads to positive consequences and immoral to negative consequences. Many major topics included in this vast field are moral character, moral judgment, moral development, moral reasoning, moral responsibility, moral action, altruism, moral luck, moral emotion ...

Philosophy

Introduction
A majority of life decisions are made by employing logical thinking. This type of thinking enables one to understand the premises of life situation and therefore assist in providing an all angle perspective that enhances understanding.

Logical thinking
Logical thinking just like other types of thinking such as creative thinking, critical thinking amongst others employ a thought process which may be different according to the type of thinking adopted. However, while comparing the other types of thought processes, logical thinking comes up short. First and foremost, logical thinking is concerned with the deduction of appropriate conclusions. In ...

Arguably, human beings posses’ unique capacity to reason rationally and be responsible for all their deeds. This is what constitutes to the ability of human beings to be responsible in an ethical manner, hence constitutes to their moral values. Kant postulates that the outcome of an activity does not give the action a moral worth, but rather the reason for performing the activity is what gives it the moral worth (Duran and McNutt 755). Precisely, it fosters carrying out an act based on what your inner self would wish the act be carried out the same way universally. The act, ...

Philosophy of Religion – Pascal’s Wager

The question of existence of God has been a bone of contention among many philosophers ever since philosophy existed. Earlier the arguments in favor of God dominated, but later, close to the time of modernity, it appears as if arguments against God’s existence have dominated, irrespective of the validity and plausibility of the arguments. However, even in the modern times, many philosophers tried to defend the existence of God. Among those Blaise Pascal was also one whose argument became famous with the name of Pascal’s wager. The main idea of the argument was that one must wager for ...

Aristotle’s Ethics

Happiness
Aristotle in one of his most influential work, the Nicomachean Ethics, presented a theory of happiness 2300 years ago. In this theory they tried to answer a key question, which is, what was the ultimate purpose of human existence? What should be the end goal towards which we should be directing our energies? In his opinion, everyone is looking for “pleasure, wealth, and a good reputation”. In his opinion, while each of these has some value, neither of them can replace the relevance of chief good for which humanity should aim. The chief good or the ultimate aim should be ...

Hume argues that "knowledge of [the relation of cause and effect] is not, in any instance, attained by reasonings a priori, but arises entirely from experience, when we find that any particular objects are constantly conjoined with each other" (Bailey, p. 297lc). This sentence announces the conclusion for which Hume will argue over the next pages.
In An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, David Hume argues that there are no absolute premises to make claims about future occurrences. Even though our experiences and our reasoning make us think that objects would act in a particular way, we still cannot be certain ...

Forensic Psychology: the effectiveness of Offending Behavior Programmes

Introduction

Rehabilitation among offenders is achievable through deployment of various programs considered suitable in the context of the offender. One of such rehabilitative approaches is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, which is more of a psychotherapeutic strategy with a principal objective of solving problems associated with dysfunctional emotions and behaviors in an orderly methodology that is goal oriented (Dattilio & Freeman, 2007). In the context of rehabilitation, CBT focuses on behavior therapy. Research studies have reported that CBT is one of the most effective rehabilitation strategies among offenders with minimal cases of recidivism. A key objective behind rehabilitation is to ensure that the offenders ...

Introduction

My personal epistemology or theory of knowledge is dependent on my realistic understanding of the world. I have come to know reality because of my inherent ability to perceive and interpret my environment. Through my senses and rationality, I know what it is like to know what I do know, despite the fact that I have my limitations. Given my knowledge to distinguish my internal and external worlds, I have realized that there is more than just knowledge, which is above itself. I will refer to here are second-order or meta-knowledge.

Commonly Asked Epistemic Questions

Before delving farther into the critical parts of ...

The meaning of life has been one of the most significant questions that humankind has asked itself. Throughout history, different cultures have given various answers, from myths, to religion and science. After Nietzsche’s proclamation of the death of God, philosophers started asking themselves what they were on this planet for, giving rise to the Existentialist movement. Attempting to answer this question some saw that it did not have a verifiable response, concluding that human life was actually absurd. However, not everyone interpreted this word in the same way. Albert Camus was one of its most famous proponents, believing that ...

Define Advance Practice Nursing in the state of California.

Advance practice nursing (APN) refers to the level of nursing that utilize high comprehensive skills, knowledge and experience in offering nursing care, United States. (2007). APN refer to registered nurses who gain specialized skills in offering expert nursing care who have master’s degrees in nursing. Advanced practice nurses include; certified nurse mid-wives, nurse anesthetists, clinical nurse specialists, and nurse practitioners. Their mandate is to offer advanced or expert nursing services. These specialized or advanced nurses are registered and certified to practice by the California State Board of Registered Nursing. They provide expert services that include; consultations, direct patient ...

INTELLIGENCE TEST

Maya Angelou
Maya Angelou is an intelligent person. Due to the nature of the works that she has done over the years such as award winning poem collections like “I know why the caged birds sing” she portrays that she has the intelligence. The psychometric approach to someone's intelligence is the rank that someone gets on an aptitude test. An aptitude test shows someone's ability to acquire knowledge or skills in the near future. This is not to be confused with achievement test that test skills and knowledge that someone already possesses. On consideration of Maya Angelou achievements, ...

The nursing profession is characterized by constraints that occur in a hospital environment and external sphere of life such social and cultural beliefs (Martinez, 2014). In essence, to operate in the profession, a nurse requires critical thinking in order to make informed decisions. Critical thinking involves a disciplined application of careful reasoning to provide a basis for judgment or decision making. Nurses, just like doctors or engineers need to think in a logical manner. In fact, this is because nurses serve patients whose needs require much accuracy and care.
Often, in the nursing profession, daily duties involve planning, diagnosis, implementation and evaluation. Essentially, ...

My opinion is that I support the natural law. I support the natural law because it is through the natural law that human beings understand the morally accepted acts and behaviors in the society. It guides the human beings in reasoning and differentiating right from wrong. The natural law is above all the human being’s law. This is because natural law originates from God. God created human beings and gave them reasoning ability. Therefore, natural law is a set of rules that enable human beings to flourish and prosper with their lives. This is because when human beings have ...

In his article “Social Landscape: reasoning for joint activity in human-robot teams.” Zuckerman and Hadad present a social behavior model that would enhance the capacity of computational entities (agents and robots). The idea behind the model is that computational agents require social capacities similar to those of humans. As a result, there is need to design principles that would enable the creation of agents capable of utilizing interpersonal behaviour to achieve their goals. The article provides a theoretical perspective that would utilize the belief-desire- intention (BDI) model of human reasoning to achieve maximum benefits in real-life scenarios.
The main aim of ...

Curriculum Plans

My first math lesson plan is called Rock Around the Clock is meant whose purpose is to learn multiplication tables. Using a worksheet, the children write the multiplication table they are working on in a star in the middle of the sheet while a track of numbers surrounds it on each side. The game begins at the starting line where they multiply the number on the outside of the track by this number and then write the answers of the multiplication table in the boxes on the inside of the track. Children should have two to three minutes to complete the race. ...

The aim of this essay is to describe how an individual can become a Kohlberg’s level six, Eric ego-strong and Maslow’s self actualized human being. Kohlberg’s stages of moral development are six in number whilst Eric Erickson’s stages of psychosocial development are 8 in number spanning from infancy to old age. Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs is a motivational theory which has five stages arranged in form of a pyramid.
For a person to graduate into Kohlberg’s level six of moral reasoning, he or she must go through the other five stages sequentially integrating the concepts ...

The “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” written by Martin Luther King Jr., is written for the purpose of motivating the African-American community to stand up for their rights and seeking sympathy for their position in society. King displays skillful organization of information to slowly build the audience’s interest before revealing the specific purpose of writing the letter. The types of appeals used in the letter’s composition indicate that King had carefully distributed them across the entire structure of the letter.

However, King’s letter contains several sections where spoken words would have achieved a better effect than written words. ...

8) Wesley Salmon attacks Karl Popper on the grounds that his theory of science does not allow for theory choice based upon past corroboration. Are Popper's responses adequate? Why/why not?

The problem of induction has been a pervasive one that has split philosophers and empiricists for years. Essentially, the issue lies in whether or not inductive reasoning can bring about true knowledge; whether anything can be truly known. The debate is split between whether or not a generalization based on a set number of observations can be true (e.g., since all elephants observed are gray, all elephants must, by virtue of fact, ...

Morality can be defined in different ways. Some of the definitions are dependent on several factors. Philosophy is a broad subject that involves the study of different aspects of life, and non-life factors too. Philosophy even becomes more interesting and intriguing when involves the lives of human being directly. This is because it includes the perceptions of different things that people would take normally under normal situations. However, philosophy brings everything into light, though in a rare manner.

As opposed to descriptive efforts of ethics, it is also meant to describe what ethical behavior entails alongside providing reasons to be ethical. ...

Is utilitarianism moral relativism in disguise?

Utilitarianism is a moral philosophical theory on how to evaluate a range of things involving the choices that people make or faces. The main principle behind utilitarianism is you do what results into the best consequences. Among the things analyzed in utilitarianism are the actions, character traits, moral codes, laws and policies. Relativism is a set of idea that some aspects or elements of culture or experience are relative to other aspects or elements. Relativism However, relativism is not studied as moral theory since there is a general agreement among philosophers that it cannot work as one of the moral; theory. Other hand ...

Deontology is philosophy of ethics proposed by Kant, which is based on absolute ethics and morality. Deontological ethics demand perfect morals and ethics that are universal in nature. This school of thought believes in focusing more on means than the consequences/ends (consequentialism). Moreover, deontology demands its adherers to focus on their own conduct and course of actions than criticizing or scrutinizing the behavior of others. Deontological ethics are criticized by the opponents of this theory as according to them, the ethics and morals presented by Kant are influenced by a religious philosophy and has no scientific reasoning behind its stance. ...

Does a good grade always mean a student has learned the material? And does a bad grade mean a student just needs to study more? Benedict Carey’s argument is against the traditional concept that, a student’s scores in exams define the level of their learning, and suggests better ways of learning. Tara Parker-Pope introduces the arguments of Carey by saying that “the science correspondent validates its points by providing facts of brain science, studies on learning, and memory exams.” “Better Ways to Learn” in a short article, uses specific events to generalise the facts in Carey’s arguments, and it is filled with ...

When we look at the article which is from the New York Times which is found in the url http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/04/opinion/election-2014-should-black-voters-keep-their-faith-in-obama.html?ref=opinion&_r=0 , it is seen that the person who wrote the article which is titled Election 2014: Should Black Voters Keep Their Faith in Obama?”, was not arguing from an authority’s point of view. This is because the points which are put forth by him in the article are not showing as if he is an authority in the field. He is just expressing his thoughts those are what he thinks the blacks are. As this discussion ensues, we might ...

Introduction

The comfort line theory is a Mid-Range theory applicable in pediatric nursing. It was written by Katherine Kocalba who was born in 28th December 1944 in Cleveland, Ohio. In the year I965, she attained a Diploma in nursing from St. Luke’s Hospital and then proceeded to acquiring a PHD in 1987 from BSN- France Payne Bolton SON. In 1997 she became a Clinical Nursing Specialist and is now currently the Associate Professor at Akron College of Nursing of all the Nursing Emeritus at the university.
She developed the Comfort Theory in the 1990’s mainly directing it for the women who ...

Since the time of the Ancient Greeks, Western philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle -- among countless others -- have wrestled with moral questions in order to establish a more complete picture of an ethical theory. Two different disciplines, philosophy and psychology, have focused on the moral characteristics, traits, and virtues of people (Doris & Stich, 2006). For all its merits, philosophy does not use scientific methods to determine the context of an ethical theory. However, the blossoming field of moral psychology utilizes an empirical scientific approach to determine how morality fits into a framework built on the foundation of ethical theory. ...

Aristotle defined logic as an instrument that gives us means of knowing anything. He believed that logic is the first step in learning because it is a tool that triggered all kinds of knowledge. It helps one to know when judgment needs proof as well as prove the validity of that proof. He suggested some formal rules for right reasoning which were embraced by other philosophers.
The foundation for Aristotle’s work in logic was provided by two works; on interpretation and categories. Categories form boundaries for terms and possible distinctions. His very important work in logic, the syllogism, ...

Part 1

Self efficacy is the degree of a person’s belief in his ability to reach established goals and complete assigned tasks. This concept has been studied widely by psychologists through the many perspectives and developmental paths. Self efficacy can be seen in the resolve of an individual to stick to a diet or a workout regimen. High self efficacy or low self efficacy is one of the determining factors of as to whether or not a person will start a challenging task or will deem it impossible. Self efficacy transcends all aspects of human endeavor. By studying self efficacy, psychologists can determine the beliefs ...

I THINK, THEREFORE I AM
"I think; therefore I am" was a seventeenth century statement that Rene Descartes, a French philosopher, used and philosophically proved it beyond doubt. Descartes was initially in the process of figuring out his real nature using reasoning as opposed to experience that many philosophers of his time used. He is considered one of the first philosophers to explore human as more than flesh and blood (Weate, 1998, pp. 34-45). He believed that the processes and means through which individuals judged their environments as well as formed their opinions justified their existence (Weissman, 2006, pp. 56-9). ...

A) Considering each stage of Piaget’s theory of Cognitive Development, how might a child approach the game of Monopoly at each stage? Considering the level of development, what could they do and what could they not do? What would their behavior look like? Piaget was a social psychologist who separated the cognitive development of a child’s development into four markedly different stages based on the cognitive capacity growth of a child. Looking at his stages and the game of Monopoly we can approximate more of less how a childe at each given stage would play that game, taking into account what they ...

INTRODUCTION

The form of writings that Kant writes do not portray full explanation on the subject of discussion in a clear straight forward way. In this particular writing-The Foundation of the Metaphysics of Morals, Kant fails to explain the significant and major differences in his personal claims. The subject of this article has not been assigned a clear distinction between empirical and a priori knowledge of the same (R. J. 1994). In place of famous and ancient philosophers, Kant uses principle of charity to win people’s general perception about ethics hence the method of interpretation can be described as very weak.
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Introduction (Summary)

A society is a connected group of individuals enabled by a long evolutionary process that enables them to acquire the skills necessary to survive in a tight social structure. It is difficult, but possible, to capture the structure of society in a model and apply the same model to navigate different problems and achieve objectives. While humans have become socially competent after many years of evolution, artificially intelligent systems need an explicit way in which they can represent, make and justify their decisions. Several approaches have been suggested over time through research. In robotics, models have been applied with the goal of capturing ...

Philosophy

A sound moral foundation is indeed an important aspect of ethics, principles and rules that govern how we relate with others. The author in the book states that ethical facts and moral principles are the backbone of all forms of reasoning. He therefore explains that critical reasoning and arguments are significant in the choices we make. Our values and fundamental beliefs are responsible for defining what we regard as right or wrong. We are therefore expected to evaluate between these morals, values and ethical beliefs in an attempt to mold our decisions and actions. Ethics however, cannot be applied ...

A. Metaphysics

1) How can you tell if you are thinking about ontology and not epistemology?
Ontology mainly deals with the study of nature or reality. It also involves a study on the relations of nature and mainly deals with questions concerning what entities exist and how they can be grouped based on the relationships in the hierarchy. Epistemology on the other hand aims at giving the definition of knowledge, how it is acquired and ways in which we can know what we know. Therefore if a person is thinking about nature and classifications of organisms, then he/she is thinking about ontology ...

In most cases, individuals fail to trust and believe in scientific truths. Research findings depict that human beings are extremely loyal to their beliefs as scientific truth is less established by reasoning than exertion of will. Most scientific facts have been rubbished simply because they go against the popular opinion. However, science has imperfections and most scientists have failed to admit and to embrace their humanity. This is what Cordelia Fine examines in the article “Biased but Brilliant.” In Pfeffer and Sutton’s article, “Trust the Evidence, Not Your Instincts,” the authors affirm that what is really important and ...

Intuition

Intuition is basically all about pattern matching and recognition of pattern. It is mostly based on individuals past experience. Furthermore it gives a description of preference and thoughts that come into our mind quickly leaving no room for reflection. When we use intuition in making decision we get an opportunity to evaluate series of options. We assess situation and spot cues which will help us recognize patterns that are based on past experience. Individuals should be ready to with work on incomplete, ambiguous and conflicting information that has no precedent. When leaders use intuition, people will misinterpret the intention of ...

In life people make critical decisions that define them, their personality, ego and integrity. Such decisions are subject of opportunity cost and trade off between maintenance of status quo and choosing an idea that leaves footprints in generations to come. After finishing my o-level, I felt the need to develop the spirit of intellectualism in me, this idea came to me after proper meditation and value addition in my mental faculty developed the thirst to be great philosopher who can prudently gather information, who can be precise in arguementation,fair-minded in reasoning and unbiased in criteria. In addition, I ...

Midterm IQ test

- Describe Sternberg and Gardner’s theories of intelligence. Explain how Sternberg’s theory differs from previous models of intelligence?
Howard Gardner proposed a theory of multiple intelligence, which insisted that numerical expression of human intelligence is impossible and does not provide a holistic measure of human intelligence and ability. According to Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligence, eight types of intelligences were described(Gardner, 1985).
- Visual-spatial intelligence
- Verbal-linguistic intelligence
- Bodily-Kinesthetic intelligence
- Logical-mathematical intelligence
- Interpersonal intelligence
- Intrapersonal intelligence
- Musical intelligence
- Naturalistic intelligence
Robert ...

Nursing studies is a profession that seems to be dynamic and more rewarding. Nursing studies have a variety of careers and opportunities that when committed increase lifelong studies and learning programs. Perhaps this has been the reason most of the students have attempted to increase their studies to higher levels. Studies from professional researchers have indicated that students who are studying nursing in different colleges have had the urge to increase their studies mostly to Doctoral or Masters Levels. Some prefer studying personal satisfaction or pursue a higher degree in other courses that are in the nursing field to attain more skills ...

Two different moral philosophies, utilitarianism and Kant’s categorical imperative are utilized for analyzing whether J.’s action of embezzling her employer was correct, even if the end was to provide a better private tuition for her son.
The utilitarianism philosophy is based on the principle of doing the greatest good for the biggest amount of individuals, while being free from pain and engaging in pleasure (Mill 220). However, the utilitarianism ethics provides that there should be clearly specified between simple, animal pleasures, and elevated pleasures, of which individuals with high intellectual capacities are capable. In this sense, Mill ( ...