Violation College Essays Samples For Students

What is the meaning of ‘Violation’?

Ethics is the study of understanding whether what an organization’s employees do is good and right (Manikutty, Being Ethical p. 19). As for the HR office of XYZ corporation, which now has a fully functional Ethics Officer and a Corporate Code of Ethics, the main responsibility is to create a procedure through which its employees can report any violations of its ethics code. But before creating a procedure, it is very important to first fully understand the true meaning of the word ‘violation’.
A ‘violation’ refers to several actions that the employees and other stakeholders of the organization take that result ...

As I reflect back to what might have gone wrong with my paper in ENGL 105, I feel a great feeling of remorse. The nature of my violation is plagiarism by misuse of sources in my written paper in ENGL 105. It becomes an act of plagiarism when I used the sources I found, and not correctly citing them. During my work on the paper, I did not have enough knowledge about the proper citing and documentation techniques that could have avoided the violation. I also lack further understanding about our university’s policies; especially, the consequences of my actions. ...

INTRODUCTION

Martha Stewart was indicated for Securities Fraud. However, she was acquitted of the charges, but instead found guilty of obstruction of justice and making false statements. As a result of the finding of guilt, she served five months in federal prison. There are many opinions concerning the evidence presented in the case against Martha Stewart for violation of the Securities Act. Some legal scholars claim that she was guilty of insider trading while others claim the court properly found the evidence lacking and her actions not in violation of the securities law. Presented in this paper are two scholarly ...

Citation that can be referred to the U.S. DOJ for criminal proceedings
Citations of penalty for occupational health and safety violation can be referred to U.S. Department of Justice for a criminal prosecution. The present violation, under this citation, is divided into two categories which are; willful and severe violation (Morey, 1975).
Conditions that would have to be met before citations are referred for criminal proceedings.
Before a citation gets referred for criminal prosecution, there are criteria that must be met. The most important creterion is the company’s failure to identify whether the workers have been exposed to ...

Every human has certain rights. Apart from the gender specification, human rights are equal and same for all genders. All humans are allowed to live according to their wishes and freedom. No one is allowed to impose restrictions on any one. The national and international laws also impose a great stress on equality.

THESIS STATEMENT:

The developing and under developed countries see more human rights violation cases. The main reasons are poverty, social disparity, lack of education and lack of implementation of laws
There are many organizations working on the violation of human rights. In every part of the world, either ...

Egregious violations consist of persistent high fatalities and an extensive history of previous violations. Egregious violations also include intentional disregard of health and safety responsibilities. OSHA argues that egregious violations ensure its efficiency and effectiveness. Egregious cases involve violation-by-violation penalties (Stanley, 2010). OSHA argues that egregious violation citations serve a public policy objective. They aim at increasing impact of OSHA's enforcement resources and are not primarily directed at individual workplaces. Each violation attracts one penalty, but egregious violations have potential for various penalties.
Penalties may be increased by multiplying them by the number of violation instances and the number ...

According to the Ontario Human Rights Commission, after World War II, a series of events led to the induction of the Racial Discrimination Act of 1944, The Fair Employment Practices Act of 1951, and The Fair Accommodation Practices Act of 1954. These acts went through one revision in 1962 and yet another in 1972. The latest revision of the acts is seen in The Canadian Human Rights Employment Act of 1977. This act is intended to protect workers’ rights during the recruitment, hiring, and employment processes. It is intended to assist employers by providing guidelines as to what is ...

Part 1.1

The title of the EPA audit policy is “Incentives for self-Policing: Discovery, Disclosure, Correction and Prevention of Violation”. The policy is developed to empower and sensitize the organizations about the need for policing themselves and earn benefits relation to environmental regulations.

Part 1.2

There are four incentives announced by the EPA for self-policing. 1. Elimination of gravity-based penalties, 2.Reduction in gravity-based penalties (75%), 3. No recommendation for criminal procedures, and 4. No routine requests for audit reports. With these benefits the organizations can be proactive in protecting the human health and environment and earn goodwill among the government agencies.

Part 1.3

Penalties proposed ...

Argued December 2, 3. 1913

Decided February 24, 1914

An indictment was made on the defendant Fremont Weeks for using the postal mail for the transportation of lottery tickets, which was a criminal code violation. The police arrested him at his place of work and in arresting him; they conducted a warrantless search on his office and found evidence of the usage of the mail for the transport of lottery tickets. The police later went to Week’s home and entered illegally using a key whose hiding place was directed to them by a neighbor. The police later went on to search the defendant’s premises without an ...

“Violations of human rights are both a cause and a consequence of trafficking in persons” ("OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS" 9). One of the most severe violations of human rights that are prevalent today is undoubtedly the trafficking in human beings, especially women and girls. Trafficking in women and girls is a violation of human rights because trafficked women and girls are not treated as human beings but as commodities. They are exploited for work, especially sex work; they are deprived of their right to freedom and life, and are even denied access to health care. Although the trafficking ...

Occupational Safety and Health

1. Citation referred to the U.S. DOJ for criminal proceedings
The illustration of penalty for job-related health and safety occupation breach could be referred to U.S. Department of Justice for a legal action. The current violation under this citation was split up further into two sets which are; willful and severe violation (Turney, 2003).
2. Prerequisites that would have to be fulfilled ahead of citations to be represented for criminal procedures.
Before the citation could be referred for criminal proceedings, they had to meet the following conditions; if the firm was unsuccessful to ascertain whether the employees were unprotected ...

Interview

Interview

1. Define the word privacy.

Privacy means the absence of interference in any phase of life whatsoever.

2. Are you aware that many Internet sites record your activity?

Despite the assurances provided that they do not track our activity, yes I am aware that our activities are tracked.

3. How concerned are you about security on the Internet? Please explain.
In this world, obviously you cannot abandon the internet. It is more of an obligation now. However, I try to secure myself as much as possible. For example, I don’t allow location tracking on my phone. So while I am very concerned, I still have to avail this facility.
4. Do you consider sites are recording your Internet activity with your knowledge to be a violation of privacy? Please ...

Key Facts

Several individuals in the community and societies of California filed different cases against owners and farmers of fish. The fish farmers are among the community striving to offer essential support, management and proper feeding to the communities. The aim of the plaintiffs was developing and leading a community that stands on the necessity and importance of fresh, natural and high-quality feeds. The plaintiff of the case was Kevin Golden from the Center for Food Safety, San Francisco. There were several plaintiffs, who filed the case on 2004 against the farmers and producers of farm-raised salmon. The defendants were Seyfarth ...

The relevance of the proposed changes in the legislation is caused primarily by the fact that currently there is a need for better legal regulation of relations connected with illegal violation of individual rights to privacy. From the fact of how perfect the constitutional and legal guarantees of these rights are in general and the right to privacy of the individual communications, in particular, in many respects, the effectiveness of implementation is defined.
One of the main guarantees of the right to privacy of correspondence, telephone conversations, postal, telegraph and other communications is the general constitutional duty of the ...

Introduction

Lopez Ostra was a Spanish citizen who filed a case before the European Court of Human Rights through the European Commission on human rights. The claimants accused the Spanish government of failing to protect his privacy, home, and family life against pollution from neighboring factories which amounted to a violation of the right to healthy environment and the right to respect the private home and family life. This case was anchored on the responsibility of the state to be held accountable for actions of private entities within its jurisdiction. It is a sophisticated case that was instituted under the ...

Cardillo Travel Systems

The Cardillo Travel Systems case shows the way the management cooked up the books only to be caught later. This essay will attempt to answer some questions on this case.
False Representation to External Auditors: The executives at Cardillo Travel Systems were aware it needed to maintain a minimum of $3 million of stockholder’s equity threshold established by the court outstanding against the organization. (Ritterburg, 2012). This was the reason that shaped their intent to falsify the organization’s books to misrepresent facts before investors and creditors. The issue started with the accountants at Cardillo making an improper ...

A. Beyond the merits of the case, the chances of Edie in winning this case depend completely on the investigation of the behaviour of the defendant as the reasonable person in the similar conditions. This approach is regarded as the main pillar of the tort law that is used for the determination of the liability between the parties during legal proceedings. With that, it should be noted that there are several cases when the applicant faces difficulties in proving fault for slip and fail accidents. There are several conditions that should be met established and proved in order to ...

Introduction

American founding fathers were brave, noble and great as they pioneered the drafting of the America Constitution. America government has over the years suffered from a series of problems that proves the need for a new constitution. There is the urgent need for amending the constitution while maintaining its legal, ethical, and moral structure. Over 224 years since the ratification of the America Constitution, several amendments have emerged, and only 27 of these changes were approved and included in the constitution. Depending on the challenges faced in the 21st century ranging from corruption and poor leadership the constitution should ...

Abstract

The associated issues of copyright protection and digital rights management are pressing ones these days. Particularly for the music industry, there is a growing trend among consumers to download music illegally via torrents without giving a second thought to the ethics or legally of their actions. On the other hand, many have suggested that unreasonable laws and the length of time that copyrights last explain the many copyright violations we see today. This essay will examine the nature of copyright law and its original intended purpose in English common law, as well as how the founding fathers of the ...

Violation of Human Rights and Employment Agreements by Apple Incorporated in China

Violation of Human Rights and Employment Agreements by Apple Incorporated in China

Introduction

This research paper is aimed at highlighting human rights violation by Apple Incorporated while operating in Chinese business arena. Not only the reasons underlying such a violation are analyzed but the social as well as ethical perspectives are also investigated. The research analysis is further accompanied for two most feasible solutions for dealing with such a human rights and employment agreement violations.

Issues Faced by Apple Incorporated in Business Environment of China and Underlying Reasons

The said firm has been accused of human rights and employment agreements violation in Chinese market since 2010. Such a violation has become a global ...

The violation I decided to do was to take a notebook with me at all times, and in the next four telephone calls I received, I would be completely silent. By violating the expectation that I would talk to them, I would note the caller’s reaction to my utter and complete silence; they would know that I had picked up, but was not answering them. I made the stipulation that, if it was a call from work, I would take it however; work was excised from the callers I would perform the violation on.

The first person to call was ...

[Author Name(s), First M. Last, Omit Titles and Degrees]
[Institutional Affiliation(s)]
[Include any grant/funding information and a complete correspondence address.]

Ethical Principle violations

Tuskegee Study (1932-1972)
Withholding treatment from the participants (patients with syphilis) in the Tuskegee study after a definitive treatment (Penicillin) became available in the late 1930s was a violation of all ethical principles: “respect for persons (autonomy)”, beneficence (protecting from harm) and justice (denying a benefit)(CDC, n.d.).

An overview of questionable studies

The experiments conducted by German scientists on concentration camp prisoners without their consent is a violation of all the above principles. The secret researches conducted between 1944-1980s on the effects of ...

How HIPAA Violation Affects the Medical Billing Process

HIPAA is a privacy policy that prevents patient’s health details while making sure that they are held confidential especially those of HIV/AIDS patients. HIPAA affects the billing process by keeping patients demographics updated and private. The medical billing process involves a follow up on insurance firms on patients who have insurance cover so as the medical cover can be paid. This process involves the hospital, the insurance, and a chain of process is undertaken. HIPAA sets a limit to the amount of information revealed to patient’s relatives while regulating individuals who can access patient’s sensitive medical details. A letter should ...

Description of the norm violated and why the choice it.

Description of setting chosen (physical and social) and why.

Specific description of how I felt before, during and after the experience.

Specific description of how other people responded (verbally and/or non-verbally) to the violation

Conclusion
What did I learn about norms and social control?
What did I learn about myself as a social being?
What other observations can you make about the assignment?

Sociology: Norm Violation: Reporting to the classroom without text books for the course

Description of the norm violated and why the choice it.
I entered the classroom with no books for the course ...

Texas A & M University

Civil Engineering Case 2: Weston Water Treatment Case
Level
Abstract
This paper explores a case study on Weston Wastewater Treatment Plant. It follows a series of management problems that affected the plant performance and raised ethical issues. It emerged that the plant’s officials were violating environmental laws by tampering with samples and discharging sludge directly into Weston River. This discharge could affect the lives of communities downstream whose lives depend on Weston River. This paper analyzes the stakeholders’ responses to the ethical issues raised in light of utilitarianism and consequentalist ethical theories. It finds out that Sam Stanton ( ...

With the increase in technological innovation and advancement, the employees' privacy right is highly violated. Employee information that is stored on computers and shared through the internet is not safe from the accessibility of hackers and the state. In that accord, the employees' privacy rights are at a greater potential of erosion and this calls for law enforcers to be motivated to keep pace with the violators (Levinson, 2009). Since the employee is a human being with private though, information and life, these rights must be observed by the employer, the state and the public. However, due to the many insecurity ...

English

Introduction
This paper will discuss the ethical challenges between human rights and national security. The issue addressed specifically in this paper is: “Should the United States government compromise human rights to achieve the objectives of international security”.
After the September 11, 2001 bombing in the U.S., strict security measures had been taken by the government to ensure the security and safety of the people. The U.S. government implemented the National Security Agency (NSA) Warrantless Wiretapping Program, by allowing the warrantless wiretapping of the citizens despite the violation of the right to privacy. The primary objective of the ...

Criminal Law

Blond (2009, p.164) stated that the best evidence rule expresses a preference for the use of original documents, instead of using reproductions. This has been known as the original document rule. The best of evidence rule only applies if it is being offered to produce the contents of evidence presented in court. The proponent of the writing seeks to prove its contents and that the writing is closely related to a material issue. In order to comply with the best evidence rule, the proponent of the evidence should produce the original document. If the producing the original is not possible, it ...

Introduction

The Health Insurance Portability and accountability Act (HIPAA) became law in 1996 and is intended to set standards for our healthcare providers in regard to sharing, storage and the protection of personal health information. This law was enacted by the congress to protect patient health information from access or use by unauthorized individuals or organizations as well as making health care portable and providing a non-discriminatory protection to all patients. No one wants to go to the hospital, talk to the doctor in private but later gets to hear that the same information that they gave to the doctor has ...

This speech was given in UN 4th conference on “Women Plenary Session” in Beijing on 5th September, 1995. The speaker of the speech was well renowned as first lady of United States and is wife of 42nd US president Mr. Bill Clinton. Her name Hillay Rodham Clinton is an iconic figure for all the women around the world. She actively participated in the 4th conference on “Women Plenary Session” and met many delegates during her stay to convince people to formulate and regulate the sanctity of women rights in their respective countries. She persuaded her audience very convincingly in ...

The concept of consumer protection can to be summarized as all efforts in developing structures and legal responses to outrage and crises developed by consumption of substandard products. Americans have in the past been subjected to consuming products that are a dangerous to the health. Once the dangerous nature of such products is known to the public, public outrage is usually the first response and such outrage is usually directed at any form of government, either federal or state. To this end, several government agencies and bureaucracies have been developed to address protection of consumers. These agencies have either federal ...

Introduction

For the last two decades the popularity of the international investment arbitration and legislation has been dramatically increased. The volume of cases considered by virtue of the interpretation of the provisions of the bilateral investment treaties signed between the parties of the commercial relations has been increased. In addition, this trend reflects the preference of the business units and states in signing agreements with the umbrella clauses due to their simplicity and efficiency in determination of the disputes between the parties. The availability of several mechanisms that can be used for the determination of the interests of the parties ...

The case Thompson v. North American Stainless, LP addresses the scope of the retaliation provision under Title VII that enables protection for the employees against the illegal actions of the employers. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 permits retaliation cases in order to decrease the exposure to the discriminatory activity in actions of the employees. Meanwhile, this article states that the retaliation should be understood as the situation when the employee of the firm was fired or reassigned as well as he was deprived of the certain range of the benefits if the employer considered them ...

Occupational Safety and Health

1. Citation commonly referred as the U.S. DOJ for illegitimate proceedings
Any case regarding punishment for occupational health and safety violation can cite as U.S Department of Justice for a legal action. The modern day breach under this citation is divided into two sets namely: severe and willful violation of stipulated rules (Collins, 2002).
2. The requirements that need to be fulfilled amid citations to be represented for criminal hearings.
The time before the citation could be presented for prosecution, they had to meet some of the following requirements. Firstly, in case the company did not succeed to establish ...

Discussion 4

Ethical violation is a big concern in the medical profession. An article published by Daily Mail in December 2013 revealed unbelievable, rather disturbing news. The news was about a surgeon in Birmingham who was accused of a serious ethical violation. He was suspended following one of his colleague finding the surgeon's initials inscribed and branded on one of the patient's liver.
The suspected person, Simon Bramhall, was working as a consultant surgeon at Queen Elizabeth Hospital. The investigation started as one of his colleagues found Simon Bramhall’s initials on an internal organ of a patient, during a repeat ...

Analysis of the book “At Personal Risk, Boundary Violations in Professional - Client Relationships” by Marilyn Peterson

The first three chapters of the book are the description of the social essence of relationship, differences in behavior, which outlines the establishment of relational boundaries and the existence of difficulty in professionals concerning the power of control. The four main issues regarding the border violations are discussed throughout the book, including the role, mystery, double connection and non – appropriate use of professional privileges. Moreover, the stories of the book, written by Marilyn Peterson, show the consequences and effect of the damage for clients, arisen through the relational boundaries in all spheres of everyday life. As it mentioned, this ...

Human rights issues have over time attained a prominent position in the global discourse. The importance of human rights can be illustrated by the fact that there exist international conventions and declarations which spell out human rights. Such conventions include the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which was enacted in 1948 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. In addition to these conventions and declarations, countries have also sought to entrench human rights issues in their respective constitutions. Some countries such as Canada have gone a step further and codified human rights in specific human rights instruments such as ...

RESEARCH SUGGESTS THAT THOSE ORGANIZATIONS DOWNSIZING CAN REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION BY ENSURING THAT HR PRACTICES CONTRIBUTE TO EMPLOYEE’S PERCEPTIONS OF PROCEDURAL FAIRNESS

Introduction

The research carried out so far about the relationship between downsizing and psychological contract violation shows that the organizations that practices downsizing can greatly reduce the likelihood of psychological contract violations, by ensuring that human resource practices contribute to the employee’s perceptions of procedural fairness. This paper shall coherently and comprehensively discuss the above claimed notion so as to validate whether it is true or not. However, we discuss the main ...

Summary of the decision

The case relates to the issue of racial discrimination in employment. The key question that arose was what measures employers would take where in an attempt to forestall discrimination such measures resulted to discrimination. The plaintiffs, twenty fire fighters, sued the city of New Haven, Connecticut claiming that they had been discriminated in relation to job promotions. The tests for promotions resulted to white candidates outperforming the minority candidates. These results led to various acrimonious debates.
In order to avoid lawsuits, the officials of City of New Haven annulled the results. The plaintiffs, nineteen white candidates and one ...

In line with the fight against the controversial mandate for the inclusion of birth control in insurance plans, the Wheaton College administrators halted the provision of health insurance for its students. In the same way, Hobby Lobby which is an art and craft organization dropped its health care coverage for its employees. Its owners argued that the mandate violates the company’s right to exercise the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA) as well as the First Amendment to the US Constitution (Blackman, 93). As a result, the court favored Hobby Lobby based on the precept that “a family-owned corporation ...

Georgia recognizes the doctrine of employment at will. Employment at will means that in the absence of a written contract of employment for a defined duration, an employer may terminate an employee for a good cause, bad cause, or no cause at all, so long as it is not an illegal cause . An employer cannot terminate an employee for discriminatory reasons, a breach of employment contract, or in retaliation for exercising their employee rights. Discriminatory reasons include race, color, sex, religion, national origin, etc. In order to better understand how at-will employment works, I will provide three different scenarios ...

Summary of Unethical Behavior

Joe has exhibited unethical behavior by letting his personal opinions and feelings interfere with his work as a counselor to Jill. Accordingly, he used his religious background in judging Jill’s same-sex attraction. He also allowed his own untested opinion on the effectiveness and applicability of the European technique for erasing memories govern his judgment on whether it would be applicable for Jill or not. He also wanted to test the technique even if Jill did not give him her consent. Also, Joe is not sensitive to the cultural background of Jill during the counseling process. Moreover, he let ...

Corruption poses a profound economic and legal threat for international corporations that are engaging in business globally, especially in transitioning and developing countries. The US Securities and Exchange Commission and the United States Department of Justice is at the forefront in the fight against bribery (Dean, et al., 2012).According to Oslen (2015), the establishment of the two organizations has seen an increase in the number of investigations and the prosecution of persons and corporations that engage in corruption.
The Foreign Corruption Practices Act was established in 1977 to help in addressing the rampant corruption and bribery by American-based ...

Nowadays it seems to be evident that employees are under the permanent influence of their employers. Therefore, many of the aspects of the employees’ lives have the large outer impact of their workplace and the team of colleagues. However, there should also exist another part of the workers’ actions, which are definitely out of their organization’s reach. This necessity is a natural need of privacy, which concerns the private life and time beyond the borders of their enterprise. Nevertheless, this distinction between the private life and the work time creates some empty space, which creates a well debatable ...

In the case of Hope vs Pelzer there was inconsiderate interventions made in the treatment of a prison inmate by prison guards who treated the inmate inhumanely as he was subjected to a variety of conditions that subsequentially led to the case. The case in point involves the treatment shown to Larry Hope and the violation of the Eighth Amendment rights. The main facts of the case include that he was handcuffed to a hitching post, additionally other case facts include the facts that he was placed in leg irons after tussling with prison officers and later chained again ...

INTRODUCTION

Ethical violations occur in every business field, and the criminal justice system in no different. News reports are not scant concerning individuals in law enforcement, corrections and the courts who have violated ethical codes. Ethical codes exist in the criminal justice field to not only protect the official, but also to protect the public. When an individual in the field of criminal justice violates an ethical code, typically, many people are affected, and it does not matter if the violation was intentional or unintentional, or real or simply alleged.

FACTS

Judge John P. Contini, a judge in Broward County Florida, ...

In juvenile criminal justice, “bootstrapping” refers to the law enforcement practice of detaining juveniles in jail for contempt of court or failure to obey a court order. The practice of bootstrapping is linked to the passage of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA) by Congress in 1974 (Simones & Stone, 2012). According to one provision of the JJDPA, law enforcement and courts were prohibited from incarcerating status offenders in jail unless it was for a few hours before or after a hearing. A status offender is a juvenile that has not committed a crime but has violated a “ ...

As a Supreme Court Justice, it is possible to see two opposing viewpoints emerge in the privacy debate. Should the government collect information from private citizens in the name of national security? The first viewpoint is "privacy and speech are values of great importance" and people typically embrace these values. Scott McNeal, CEO of Sun Microsystems, summarizes the alternative view: "You already have zero privacy. Get over it." Regarding privacy, the issue should not be whether or not we have privacy, but persuading people to care about their privacy issues. Every day, millions of people post their private information on ...

Introduction

Privacy law is a vast area of law that encompasses many things from data collection and security to photography. Although there is no specific United States Constitutional Amendment which guarantees the right to privacy in the same way that the right to free speech and the right to bear arms is guaranteed in the Bill of Rights, the right to privacy is presumed from the interpretation of other rights guaranteed by the Constitution primarily in the Ninth and Fourteenth Amendments. Furthermore, a number of state and federal laws have been enacted to protect the privacy of individuals. Similarly, a significant percentage of ...

Gold is and has always been a treasured metal at the center of power struggles, and its mining has a bloody history. The foundation of Rome through the gold unearthed at Gaul, Spain and the subsequent discovery, and Gold Rush in America are examples of the lure of gold and the benefits it presents to its miners. Even the recent example of the World Bank is very important in this regard. The international Bank protects its investments by pouring billions of dollars in gold mines across the globe while the labor laws continue to be poorly implemented. Pratap Chatterjee focuses on ...

- Summarize the issues surrounding the violation.
This academic integrity issue involves an exam environment. The incident happened during the course of an exam in Management 301 class. It is a requirement by any code of academic ethics that each student presents his or her own work during examinations. It is the only way that instructors can be in a position to ascertain whether a given student is making progress or not. In this incidence, my behavior during the exam period was the boron of contention. The instructor was concerned that I might have gained access to the work of a fellow ...

Introduction

The research carried out so far about the relationship between downsizing and psychological contract violation shows that the organizations that practices downsizing can greatly reduce the likelihood of psychological contract violations, by ensuring that human resource practices contribute to the employee’s perceptions of procedural fairness. This paper shall coherently and comprehensively discuss the above claimed notion so as to validate whether it is true or not. However, we discuss the main theme for this paper, it is prudent that we define the term psychological contract. The term psychological contract can mean a dynamic two way exchange, or the perceived ...

Richie Warren (1) in the article Supreme Court to Consider How and When Police Can Use Drug sniffing dogs defined invasion of privacy as the right of a person to keep his or her life private and free from the difference of others. Under the fourth amendment, the invasion of privacy includes the police searching a person’s building without a warrant. During this search the police often use varied techniques including the sniff dogs as illustrated in Joelis' case. Thus the use of sniff dogs during search is not a violation of one’s property rights.
Keeping watch using sniff dogs ...

Discussion on Various Topics

The problem relates to how marijuana should be legalized throughout the United States. There are now twenty-four U.S. jurisdictions that have enacted medical marijuana laws (MMLs), or laws that protect individuals who use marijuana upon recommendation of physicians, farmers who plant and supply the market, and doctors who issue prescription regarding use of marijuana (Smart 1). The legalization of medical marijuana will create a need for change, for example, new laws, policies, knowledge of medical and psychological effects, and education to help people understand the proper use of marijuana.
There are many issues to be resolved if legalization of ...

Human Rights for Orphans and Abandoned Children without Adequate Care

The issue of human rights of children is regulated by the Convention on the Rights of the Child with its Protocols. They refer to the protection of a child, prohibition of child labor and other issues that are fundamentally important and protect children’s dignity. However, some categories of children require special attention and care with this respect. The human rights of orphans and abandoned children constitute a specific issue, as they have fewer chances to be protected by parents and relatives. Therefore, as a violation of their rights may seem easier, these children need more legal protection.
The ...

The “exclusionary rule” is one of the most important elements of United States criminal procedure law, but it is not found in the Constitution. Indeed, the exclusionary rule is a court created procedure that allows a judge to declare inadmissible any testimony or evidence presented at trial that was result of or otherwise obtained in violation of the Bill of Rights’ Fourth, Fifth, or Sixth Amendments. In other words, while the basis of the exclusionary rule is the Constitution, it is not a constitutional right. Rather the exclusionary rule was created as a means for the court to prevent ...

The issue of human rights of children is regulated by the Convention on the Rights of the Child with its Protocols. They refer to the protection of a child, prohibition of child labor and other issues that are fundamentally important and protect children’s dignity. However, some categories of children require special attention and care with this respect. The human rights of orphans and abandoned children constitute a specific issue, as they have fewer chances to be protected by parents and relatives. Therefore, as a violation of their rights may seem easier, these children need more legal protection.
The ...

The paper highlights six prominent cases of their time and causes of seizure and warrant of these cases. The facts involved in cases and courts ruling in making decisions are explained in the paper. It focuses on Mapp v. Ohio, Terry v. Ohio, Tennessee v. Garner, Carroll v. U.S., Graham v.
Connor, and U.S. v Leon. According to the 4th amendment of the U.S. Constitution, people have the right to feel secure in their homes and without proper court consent police should not be allowed to breach their personal property. Furthermore, a search warrant is to be issued by ...

The Fourth Amendment is part of the United States Constitution. It protects citizens from unlawful situations and offers guidelines that must be followed in the criminal justice system. The Fourth Amendment allows people to be safe in their homes and their personal belongings to secure as well. This means that a person should be able to do as they please in their home without the legal system coming into the home.
If a warrant is issued and signed by a Judge, then this gives the authority the right to enter a person’s home and search for items. “The ...

International Business and Global Logistics

International Business and Global Logistics

Introduction

Undeniably, the main objective of any business organization is to grow in terms of profitability and market. The high market competition that most organizations face tends to impede the realization of their objectives. Thus, companies adopt different strategies to aid their survival in the markets. Pricing and marketing strategies are the major approaches that most companies use to gain a competitive advantage over their rivals (Dessler & Phillips, 2007). Multinational companies face competition both at domestic and the world markets. Thus, they consider implementing various strategies to enhance their market positions. Besides pricing and marketing ...