Developing Country Critical Thinkings Samples For Students

What has been the evolution of development theories since the “linear stages” period? Have these theories added value to the understanding/explaining the causes of underdevelopment? Give reasons for/against your position.

Among the many fundamental questions that continue to confound economists today, is the issue, what are the causes of economic growth and decline? Economic theories have emerged to locate, understand, and thus, develop the reasons behind the successes and failures of economies. While the original answers for this question were in the form of simple theories, nowadays, the complexity of this question has been better understood as these theories ...

Introduction

“Foreign aid consists of all resources – physical goods, skills and technical know-how, financial grants (gifts), or loans (at concessional rates) transferred by donors to recipients” (Riddell 2007, 17). It can be in three different forms: bilateral, which is from one country to another, multilateral, which is from institutions like World Bank and IMF to other countries or institutions, and NGOs based foreign aid (Riddell 2007). The idea officially started from post World War Two even though many countries are found before that too helping the other countries in various forms of aid (Hjertholm and White 1998). The objective behind ...

Introduction

In order to critically analyze the theories surrounding the development of tourism, it is crucial that this paper provide a brief picture of the situation of tourism sector in developing states. For the past few centuries, the definition of tourism as well as travel has evolved tremendously (Cohen 2010, p.5). For decades, traveling has been known to be a simple and temporary journey that focuses on leisure, pleasure and recreational reasons, in other terms, a luxury item. The 20th Century proved this wrong by ushering in a paradigm shift in regard to tourism. The transition has been found to have taken move between ...

- Find an outline an example of one economic policy/practice from any country that fits into the realist perspective of IPE. Don’t all choose the same country

The great example of the economic policy in realist context is Russian gas policy. Currently Russia uses its neighbor Ukraine to deliver gas to Europe, however the emergence of new projects for Russian gas exports to Europe provoked the gas conflict between Russia and Ukraine, which began at the turn of 2005-2006. Then Ukraine created obstacles to the free transit of Russian gas to Europe. Particularly acute gas war was at the turn of 2008-2009. The absence of the Russian-Ukrainian agreements on gas supplies and its conditions of transit interrupted the supply of hydrocarbons from Russia to Europe through ...

According to modernization theory, also known as evolutionary theory, societies undergo various steps of development; the most advanced being the consumerist society that characterizes Western societies. This implies that societies that are still in their early stages of development, which are common in third world countries, must emulate the Western societies both socially and in the determination of its values. This means that developing societies must discard their traditional values that entrenches religion and family in the center of social life and pursue individualism that is the norm of Western societies (Kendall 259). This theory postulates that this change ...

It is quite evident that the world population nowadays is exceeding the capacity to be sustained, especially in developing countries. Given the limited resources available in such countries, the excess populace is perishing at the hands of famine, poverty and natural disasters. In these cases, moral quandaries arise. Do developed nations have an obligation to help the developing ones? Garrett Hardin argues that this is not the case. If each country were to be likened as passengers in a lifeboat, the passengers of one lifeboat are not obligated to share theirs to more passengers in need of a lifeboat, especially if ...

Article Used : Economic Crisis Engulfing Developing CountriesAuthor Name: Martin Khor

Publication: Global Geo Politics and Political Economy
Link:
http://globalgeopolitics.net/wordpress/2014/03/07/new-economic-crisis-engulfing-developing-countries/

Introduction:

In this article, the writer Martin Khor has mentioned the downfall of currency in many developing countries and it impact on the economies.

Statement of topic:

According to the writer, the stock markets are facing down fall and thus it results in the fall of a currency ( Prins, 15). This downfall has now reached America as well so we can say that this problem has covered not only the developing countries but the whole world is coming in its way.

Thesis Statement:

The depreciation has a direct negative impact upon the economy of state and ...

There are three ways to solve the problem of North-South. Supporters of the liberal approach believe that the main problem is failure of developing countries to adopt in the national economies modern market mechanism prevents these countries to overcome backwardness and take their rightful place in the international division of labor. According to them (Moon, 2007), developing states should adhere to the policy of macroeconomic stability, economic liberalization and privatization of state property, in other words, Washington Consensus. Liberal approach can be quite clear found in the positions of many developed countries in the multilateral negotiations on foreign issues ...

Introduction

The public administration process of any nation determines its ability to win a contract or become a donor to a needy nation. China, for example, has a public administration system that favors most operations in Africa, which makes it win most contracts in the region. World Trade Organization (WTO) member countries, however, have developed policies that limit the amount of support that each country can offer to another nation. In addition, these policies regulate the number of investments to international markets so that each member has equal opportunity to explore to the African market (WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, 2013). China has evaded such policies ...

Globalization has made the world a global village; people interact in various fronts such as business, trade, culture, and other forms of interactions. The documentary film Darwin’s Theory and Tuna are important in putting into perspective the merits and demerits of globalization. Globalizations enhance the relationship between countries, which in turn leads to economic prosperity of the countries which benefits from the bilateral relationship. Despite these apparent benefits of globalization, there are adverse impacts that should be mitigated. In most cases the developed countries usually takes advantage of developing countries in fronts such as trade or neocolonialism. It is ...

Following the American Psychological Association’s Guidelines

Classic Free Trade Theory: Comparative Advantage Theory
Economists have claimed that free trade or no intervention in international trade is good for everybody. According to them, free trade help all sides of international trade. Seller countries develop their production skills and they can specialize on certain goods. Buyer countries can receive some products that they are not specialized in.
There is a main stream theory in explaining how international trade occurs: Comparative advantage theory in international trade. Basically this theory claims that each country has some adavantages in production technologies, expertise, educated human resource, and other required resources ...

Information technology as a phenomenon that plays a significant role in the life of society and human is relatively recent. Many experts connect it with the information revolution that started at the beginning of the 90s of the last century. The greatest influence on this process was by the development of local and global networks, industry of personal computers production, the Internet widespread, but the main driver of this process was the emergence of new services for the globalization of information exchange (creating the World Wide Web for standardization of search and delivery of multimedia documents). Today I consider that it ...

A response on the “Reengineering the Corporation: A Manifesto for Business” and “The Goal”

A response on the “Reengineering the Corporation: A Manifesto for Business” and “The Goal”
The speed of development in the information technology is constantly increasing in this 21st century. Indeed, various changes have been seen in the corporation because of this reason. It is evident that the whole corporate system is updated at a significant speed. Owing the diverse and dynamic character of information technology, various corporations around the globe have adopted a comprehensive reengineering process in order to remain competitive in the brutal competition from competitors globally. In the previous years, competition among major corporations in the world was ...

The word Globalization is frequently used whenever there is a discussion on development, trade and economy. Globalization is therefore understood as a process integrating the economies around the world so that they together constitute a global economy and is operated with the implementation of global policy making. This interlinking arises not only out of the movement of people, goods and capital but also due to the merger of many cultures across the economies. This paper evaluates the basic question of whether globalization brings equivalent benefits and opportunities to the developed and developing nations or it contributes to enlarging the gap between rich ...

The World Health Organization has prioritized the aspect of dealing with social determinants of health as part of their objective in the coming years. They have recognized the social determinants of health as the economic and social conditions that influence the health of people and communities. These conditions are brought about by the amount of money people earn, the power they command and the resources they have. These conditions are also related to factors that consider the kind of jobs people do, the type of food they eat, their early childhood development, the education they obtain, their access to ...

Sustainability has no clear line of definition as it means a lot different things to different people. To some, it could be a way of living with regard to the extent they can bear. Others could define it as the production styles they use in their flow of business, or a business as a whole. It could imply the responses to policies especially in the question of to what extent the environment that should be consumed over time (Ana Markulev, 2013).
Sustainability entails the ability to do an activity continuously. In sustainable development, the current needs are met without affecting the ability ...

Introduction

Nike Incorporation was formed in 1968 in Oregon. The company is a well known global brand producing footwear products which are designed to satisfy specific athletic uses as well as certain products which can be worn for leisure and casual purposes. The corporation has operations in more than 51 countries and has over 20,000 retail accounts internationally (Nike, 2012). Nike has 16 distribution centers outside United States and in 2011, 57 percent of its total revenue came from its international operations (Annual Report, 2011). Since Nike is a global firm, it has to face a number of challenges which include making ...

In the article Students Behaving Badly, Richard Flacks seeks to explain the attributes of college and university students today. Their character and mannerisms, he says, are highly influenced by their backgrounds in terms of family, race and education. He made his point of view known from the onset of his findings because he tries to draw comparisons on what happens in college and universities today from what used to happen many decades ago. But then there is a problem with the way he puts forth his findings because the environment in which the studies are done is quite different. The ...

Personal Carbon Footprint Calculation and Efforts to Reduce Impact on Climate Change

ID Number

Carbon Footprint Calculation
Baseline Emissions
The baseline emission for personal carbon footprint is calculated based on the plan to reside in a third world country. Indonesia is selected as an example of the third world country that ratified the Kyoto protocol and signed on July 13 1998 , so there is a strong relevance between this exercise and the country’s policy on emission reduction.
Indonesia is a tropical country with climate conditions that do not require heating facilities, so emission form such facility will be insignificant. The baseline emission of personal carbon footprint calculated using the carbon footprint ...

Critical analysis of ‘Nike’s voice looms large. Social policy’ by Ballinger Jeff

Ballinger focuses his work on one company that has been known to exploit its workers. This is a tactic by Ballinger to ensure that his work is effective. Nike is a rich U.S. company that had been infamous for exploiting its workers. By using it as his target in his work, Ballinger was able to draw out worldwide attention for his book. An author writes his work with the aim of reaching out to his readers to make them aware or educate them about something. Ballinger as a labor activist had the aim to inform people of how rich companies used cheap ...

The main force behind the author’s idea to come up with this article was mainly to discuss some important factors about the international law. The law applies to all regardless of their status in the community at large; that is the world at large and more specifically those bound with the said laws. It includes both the powerful and the weak in terms of structures. The law is believed to be having some of its dark side despite its application to the members that subscribed to it. The author puts it that, “its uses by the powerful, its ...

I totally agree with you that developing countries should be involved to some degree with the sustainability of both the natural resources and human capital. I still insist that it is hard and not necessary for the developing companies to be concerned with the TBL business model. It is hard to get concerned with the environment and human capital when it is becoming difficult for the company to make profits (Anderson , 2004). It is until a company is way ahead in making profits so that they will be able to make profits. It is hard to get concerned with nonprofit ...

The general principle of accumulating a venture or capital fund applies to any type of start-up or infant business. These businesses are usually associated with higher risks particularly for investors because of the uncertainties that might occur some time after the official launching of the business.

The general principle in acquiring a venture capital states that the larger the venture the capital is the better. This is because it will enable the business owners and administrators to realize or fulfill what’s on the official copy of their business plan. However, the accumulated venture or capital fund should not be too ...

Poverty and Pollution: A Vicious Circle

It is a widely accepted idea that the poor suffer more from the environmental damage and pollution. It is the poor who are the most dependent on the nature and the resources around them for survival, through foraging for food or other resources and plantation etc. There is an inseparable link between poverty and environment that has been studied very closely ever since the Stockholm Summit on Human Environment in 1972. It was here that the then Prime Minister of India had very famously quoted that the “Poverty is the worst form of pollution”. Around the world, it is the ...

Lazonick and O’Sullivan have posed two important questions that ought to stop everyone in their tracks and cause them to think about the economy as a practical activity rather than as a Monopoly game with paper money. “What does ‘maximizing shareholder value’ mean?” and “Is it an appropriate principle for the governance of corporations in the advanced economies in the twenty-first century?” (Lazonick & O’Sullivan, 14)

For about twenty five years the US has become a cheerleader for using ‘shareholder value’ as a measure of success for corporations. They have convinced other countries that their rhetoric is true. The Organization for Economic ...

Environmental Biology: Population

1. Choose North America as your continent. What is your age? 19 What was the Earth's population when you were born? 289 528 000

2. How many times greater is the population now than when you were born? 1.21 times
3. Choose Africa as your continent. How many times greater is the population than when you were born? 1.55
4. Choose North America as your continent. How many people are still alive that were born the same year as you? 99%
5. Choose Africa as your continent, and now answer the same question as #4. 80%
...

1. The main components of food crises equation are levels of consumption, technological development and social inequality. The first component is conditioned by human lifestyles, social structure and income level. In this context, the disparity between developed countries were people not just eat more, but their income and level of life comfort gives them an opportunity to eat more meat and high-caloric food, is meant; while people from developing countries have a vegetarian and low-protein diet. Subsequently, the needed action concerning this component is stabilizing the parity of consumption, discouraging population of developed countries from eating too much meat. Technological ...

Introduction

Rising levels of industrialization in Australia has led to increased demand for energy by both the domestic and commercial sectors of the economy. This is due to the fact that energy providing companies are parent firms to numerous firms especially in the manufacturing, processing and motor industries. As a result, it has been stated that energy is the vehicle for driving the economy to heights of economic growth and development. Without energy, rates of economic growth and development would stagnate or even drop in severe circumstances. However, in recent times, there have been intensified calls for energy companies to produce ...

Genetically modified foods refer to crop plant-produced human and animal use using the new molecular biology methods. The plants are adapted in the laboratory to enhance them with desired traits such as improved nutrition content and increased resistance to herbicides. The enhancement of the desired traits was traditionally got through breeding. Conventional plant breeding techniques are time consuming and at times may lack accuracy. Genetic engineering produces plants that have the desired traits and are fast and very accurate. For instance, plant geneticists can separate a gene responsible for drought tolerance and insert it in a different plant. The new plant ...

Reply to Classmate 3:

Sharing an insight to my classmate’s reference that the nation faced failing foreign currency loans post the 1981 period, important to note, during 1980 and 1981, the nation was receiving good amount of net foreign loans that amounted to 6.2% and 3.1% of GNP, respectively during the years. However, beginning with 1982, the net new lending declined significantly and turned negative. As a result, net resource transfer that accounted for 3.1% as a percentage of GNP during 1981, plummeted to -3.4% in 1982 and -6.9% in 1983, thus infusing the early stages of hyperinflation in the country.
In addition, ...

Dementia is a group of brain syndromes that leads to gradual mental retardation and usually occurs in people older than 65 years of age. The health care and nursing of dementia patients is largely dependent on the medical practitioners. Dementia may be accompanied by symptoms like senescent forgetfulness, loss of language function termed as aphasia, delirium or confusion, apraxia or difficulty in performing deliberate movements . Some diseases that can manifest as dementia are Alzheimer’s disease, Creutzfeld-Jacob’s disease, Wilson disease, Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s disease, Neurosyphilis and cerebral tumors. The care provided to the dementia sufferers by ...

The social setting that most individuals are exposed to determines their overall health in the society. The disparity that exists between some of the nations in the world when it comes to health is widening with each passing year. During the signing of the millennium goals back in 2000, the world’s richest nations decided to assist the less privileged nations find their footing when it came to creating a level playing field. Now that the deadline for the millennium goals is getting closer, people are left wondering what comes next. It is vital to note that even as the ...

Culture encompasses all spheres of life. It constitutes the building blocks of what a society subscribes to in terms of norms, morals, values, customs, attitudes and beliefs. All these social and cultural factors shape our world views and forms our belief systems as individuals, which, in turn, motivate our behavior. Culture affects our perception of occupations as much as our biological make up does. Due to the cultural diversity that exists between the occupational beliefs of different individuals, it is necessary for employers to understand the concept of occupation equity. This refers to the variability that exist between the standards ...

Chapter 3

Many people do not support the idea of going green if this will lead to an increase in prices of goods. Increase in prices reduces the purchasing power of people and as a result, people may prefer not going green. This is where the government should intervene for the benefit of the whole society.
Recycling does not work. Even though there are recommendations that many items be recycled, there are no companies that can help recycle the various products and if they exist, the citizens are now aware of how they can recycle these products. Hugging a tree is very ...

Sustainability is crucial to achievement of most objectives for companies, especially with the current move towards globalization. It’s a value that most companies have had to incorporate into their visions and core statements, and one which needs to be culturally based. It’s also true that sustainability calls for teamwork, since an individual or even one organization cannot achieve it on its own.
AGL is an Australian company widely known for its high energy productions and effectiveness in energy production and supply. AGL works so hard towards ensuring their consumers appreciate the need to conserve energy, creating a strong relationship ...

Outsourcing refers to the practice of delegating to a third party the performance of some parts of the value chain that used to be done in-house. The make-or-buy decision is usually based on the cost-benefit analysis and aims to eliminate non-value adding activities or processes that the company does not have competitive advantage in. It is possible to distinguish between onshore and offshore outsourcing. Onshore outsourcing implies that the partner companies are located in the same country, while offshore outsourcing or offshoring implies that the outsourced activities are going to be performed by foreign entities (Jacques, 2006).

Originally outsourcing was ...

Customer Name

Introduction
Question One: A reasonable number of people care about the environment. This is because majority of the people seem not to care about the environment although they daily make use of it. This means that not everybody takes care of the environment though everybody makes use of it. Most of them only tent to care about it only when faced with high price levels. Recycling works although most people in today’s society do not see its need and do not make use of it but end up polluting the environment with wastes which could be easily ...

1. What role does globalization and its processes (travel, migration, and displacement; new media and technology; commodity consumption) play in the construction and expression of individual and communal identities?

Globalization has led to an increased level of interaction between communities from different countries and continents. Although government regulation, place of birth and international boundaries usually decide a person’s nationality, his or her identity is open to external influence and change. Globalization and the entry of foreign consumer products into world markets has opened a whole new avenue of influencers to otherwise closed society. Canclini notes that, in the case of ...

Pedagogy of the Oppressed by Freire

Introduction:
Pedagogy of the Oppressed by Paulo Freire is one of those classic texts where the author attempts to examine the relationship between teacher and student who ends up as being simply an absorbent of knowledge in every respect. Basically the book is based on Freire’s own experiences in attempting to teach Brazilian children to read and write in conditions which are rather repressive as well as being compared to Marxist education. The author does not mince his words in this respect and for him the situation is one which is rather problematic as children who come ...