Cardiology Literature Reviews Samples For Students

Introduction

Dietary fiber is a combined term for a diversity of plant matters that are resistant to digestion by human gastrointestinal enzymes. Dietary fibers can be categorized into two major groups according to their solubility in water. In humans, natural gel-forming fibers (gums, pectins, mucilage, and the remains of the hemicelluloses) are soluble. Whereas the matrix fibers or the structural (lignins, some hemicelluloses, and cellulose,) are insoluble, Dietary fiber and whole grains are among the best sources of nutrients including minerals, a slowly digestive energy and vitamins. (Byrne, 2011). They also contain phytochemicals such as carotenoids, lignans, inulin, beta-glucan and phenolic. These chemicals ...

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is one of the heart diseases which cause death among people in the United States. Cardiovascular diseases are primarily caused by diets that have high saturated fat contents e.g. cheese and fast foods, as well as food containing poisonous toxins (Robison et. al., 2014). The disease affects different structures and the general functioning of the heart. Among the structures affected include the blood vessels, the coronary artery, aorta and the heart valves. Functions of the heart that are affected are the heart rhythms, and it can also cause both heart failure and heart attack. Various researches ...

Literature Review

Multiple research findings have shown that the risk of ischemic diseases increase with age, occur more frequently in men than women, and amongst black than white individuals. A 2001 study by Wayne et al. (2001) reported that more men than women die from coronary heart diseases, findings corroborated by Kanaya, Grady and Barret-Connor (2002). Coronary heart disease presents itself up to ten years earlier in men than women (Ryotaro and Minoru 2012). Another study showed that recurrent hospitalized myocardial infarction rate fell by 2.1% among women compared to 1.9% in men (Rosamond, Aaron, Chambless and Wang 2001). Aging is ...

Abstract

Physical activity (exercise) is largely thought to be an indispensable part of human wellbeing. The growing prosperity, material/food abundance, sedentary transport and sedentary lifestyles is linked with the growing incidence of lifestyle diseases including CVD. CVD is currently among most common diseases in developed nations. In the UK alone, an estimated 7 million people are living CVD, which accounts for 160,000 deaths annually. Treatment strategies (including physical activity) have been rigorously tested in cohort studies. However, the type, intensity, and duration of physical activity remain in question. This review is seeking to find theoretical and empirical support for ...

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is a broad term describing all heart and circulation diseases, including heart failure, stroke, arterial fibrillation, cardiomyopathy and coronary heart disease. CVD accounts for upwards of 28% of all deaths occurred in the UK (160,000) in 2012, and an estimated 7 million people were thought have been living with the condition. The disease costs the country an estimated £19 billion annually in lost productivity, premature death, and medication costs (£6.8 billion). Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is by far the most common and deadly of CVDs, accounting for 16% of male deaths and 10% of female deaths ...

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of mortality in the US. According to American heart association statistics, nearly one million men and women succumb to various complications from CVD. In the US, CVD claims more lives than cancer and AIDS combined (CDC, 2012). It is also one of the leading causes of deaths worldwide (WHO). The economic cost of CVD in 2008 was estimated to be $448.9 billion, which was double the cost estimated for the year 2007, $219 billion.
There are a number of factors to the incidence of CVD. These include non modifiable factors such ...

Introduction

Shift work is basically any work outside the normal daylight hours and may differ from one work place to another. Given that up to 25% of the American population encounters shift work at some point in their career the subject of shift work has attracted a plethora of research especially with regard to the health implication of shit work[ CITATION Occ10 \l 1033 ]. There is a growing body of knowledge implicating shift work for on-job injuries and catastrophes, disruption of families and societal fabric, pathological conditions of both physiological and psychological nature. Of particular interest to this review are the health ...

Introduction

Heart valve surgery is used for the repairing or replacement of valves of the heart that are diseased. The patients receive general anesthesia in this type of surgery whereby the surgeon makes a large surgical incision in the breastbone. The incision is meant to enable the surgeon to reach the aorta and the heart (Kato Paragraph 2). The relevance of stroke to the procedure of open-chest valve surgery is that it is one of the risks associated with cardiac surgery. Other risks include death, failure of the kidneys, cardiac arrest, irregular beats of the heart, and post-pericardiotomy syndrome (Kato ...

Introduction

The negative impacts of smoking not only affect the direct smoker but also the person that inhale the smoke secondhand. A number of researches have linked various diseases with smoke from the direct smoker. A research conducted on the cardiovascular effects of secondhand smoke reported that the effects are closely as huge as smoking. It concluded that the secondhand smoke elevates the chances of developing coronary heart disease by an estimate of thirty percent. Barnoya & Glantz (2005) suggests that there is a relatively high risk to heart diseases and conditions associated with second hand smoking as compared the normal ...

LITERATURE REVIEW: Determinants of health

In this paper there will be the analysis of cardiovascular disease and how it occurs in the UAE. This paper will be tasked with describing its nature, prevalence and importance as a public health issue; describe the individual factors that lead to this health issue (biology/behavior); a description of the determinants as the disease occurs in the society; prevention of the disease; how the society is working on limiting occurrences and also treating the disease as the cases occur. This literature review will look into this case in the United Arab Emirates, working with the statistics and what is ...

Article Review

This paper reviews the article “Physical Activity and Coronary Heart Disease in Men: The Harvard Alumni Health Study” published in the journal Circulation in the year 2000.

Introduction

Introduction of the article is not lengthy, and authors have given basic introduction of coronary heart disease and benefits of physical activity on patients having this disease. Authors have told that further studies are required on the necessary quantity as well as intensity of physical activity to prevent coronary heart disease. Therefore, researchers worked on the quantity, type, and intensity of physical activity. They also assessed the effect of physical activity on ...

Literature Review

Physicians always encounter innumerable number of patients with chest pains every day. The cause of these chest pains cannot always be pinpointed to a single health factor. However, veritably a good percentage of these chest pain cases are traced to a wide range of heart diseases. Acute Coronary Syndrome is one such heart disease that has been found to be a possible causation of the chest pains that are incessantly encountered by physicians. Commonly abbreviated as ACS, Acute Coronary Syndrome results in the blockage of some parts or the heart’s entire coronary arteries.

Definition

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a cardiac condition with an ...

who have had an ischemic stroke

BACKGROUND

Prolonged lowering of a patient’s blood pressure after a stroke occurs has been observed to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke. Additionally, the inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system in with regard to high-risk patients has also managed to reduce the rate of subsequent cardio vascular events, which includes stroke related complications. However, the effect of lowering a patient’s blood pressure using a renin-angiotestin system inhibitor such as Telmisartan, soon after an ischemic stroke has occurred has not yet been clearly established.
According to previous research studies and statistics retrieved from WHO, stroke has been ...

Elliott, A. M., Smith, B. H., Penny, K., Smith, W. C., & Chambers, W. A. (1999). The epidemiology of chronic pain in the community. The Lancet, 354(9186), 1248–1252. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
This study describes an early epidemiologic study on chronic pain. The authors recognized chronic pain as one of the problems the community faced. The researchers took a study to quantify and describe the distribution of chronic pain in the community. The researchers carried out their study using 5036 patients, who were aged 25 years and above. The study was based in the UK. The ...

Introduction

Healthcare involves the collaboration of various medical organizations, institutions, and providers, all of whom manage their own data under different storage and retrieval systems, and though practical and efficient within the target system, there is a lack of uniformity in structure across other systems (Masud et al. 2012). Moreover, there are often variations in data compiled from the same resources. This lack of synergy between the various data storage systems, and the types of information stored, preclude the sharing of data among the various healthcare professionals, institutions, and organizations. E-health systems, on the other hand, allow the storage and retrieval ...

Introduction

Childhood obesity as a medical condition affects a lot children across the world. According to Dieticians Association of Australia (2014) childhood obesity is when a child has too much body fat and the child’s weight is well above normal for his or her age and height and this puts their health at risk. In Australia as well and in fact, across the world, the community is becoming increasingly concerned with the rising prevalence of childhood obesity (Jacqueline. 13). The health consequences for obese children at their current status as well as in the future has acted as an impetus for raised ...

Question 1: Research Questions and purpose

This research was purposely designed to investigate the effects associated with racial stressors on the cardio-vascular responses among both the African Americans and the Caucasian men. It was also tailored to capture the role played by hostility in exacerbating cardio-vascular responses. It was set to test the previous studies that had asserted that anger-provoking and racist stimuli elicited greater increases n the blood pressure than neutral stimuli in both the African Americans as well as their Caucasian counterparts.

Some of the research questions this study was responding to include:

- What is the role of hostility in exacerbating cardiovascular responses?
- Do race stressors increase cardiovascular responses than other ...

Abstract

Heart failure (2.6% prevalent worldwide) is a complex clinical syndrome, resulting from a structural or functional cardiac disorder and impairing ventricular filling or ejection capability. The current case of a 59-year-old male patient admitted on August 18, 2016 due to worsening shortness of breath and bilateral left extremity edema (one week) involved an existing diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). Physical and clinical profiles indicate a comorbidity between heart failure (HF) and DM2. Laboratory and imaging findings were not indicated, while diagnosis was based on the NYHA Classification guidelines. A review of literature revealed three crucial weaknesses in the diagnosis. ...

Effects of Air Pollution on Health

In this paper, we will critically review the article based on a research conducted by Chit- Ming Wong, Nuntavarn Vichit-Vadakan, Haidong Kan, and Zhengmin Qian. The title of the paper is Public Health and Air Pollution in Asia (PAPA): A Multicity Study of Short-Term Effects of Air Pollution on Mortality; published in the September 2008 issue of the journal, “Environmental Health Perspectives”. The article has included a total of twenty-seven significant literature studies which were based on the same subject. Quite a many articles were taken from some renowned databases like those of the ‘World Health Organization (WHO)’ ...

Recent research in industrialized countries provides evidence of the significant role that psychosocial factors play in health and disease. As such, these factors cannot be ignored in the assessment of patients, health promotion, illness prevention, and disease management. Examples of psychosocial factors are lack of social support systems and stress where individual experiences of these adverse events increase the risks for acute and chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and arthritis. Research provides evidence of psychosocial interventions and the important role of nurses in reducing these risks.
In their review of literature on the association of CVD ...

Second-hand smoke or involuntary smoking, which can cause air pollution and adverse health consequences, refers to the combination of smoke, which fills offices, restaurants and other enclosed premises from the burning of tobacco products like cigarettes, water pipes, and bidis. Tobacco smoke contains over 7000 chemicals, of which hundreds are toxic or poisonous and approximately 70 can lead to cancer (USDHHS 1).
Secondhand smoke causes many adverse health effects among immigrants’ children, and infants, including respiratory infections, severe asthma attacks, and ear infection (USDHHS 1). Some of the adverse health effects in immigrants’ adults due to secondhand smoke ...

The first step in prioritizing healthcare resources is to estimate the burden of disease. High-income countries have reliable systems to assess the causes of death in the population; however, mid- and low-income countries do not have such systems in place, and mortality rates from a specific disease have to be extrapolated from incomplete data. Several studies have approached the problem of estimating the burden of disease by using a variety of methods to determine which diseases are responsible for the most deaths, which countries are carrying the highest burden of disease and death, and which populations are at the highest risk ...

Introduction

Diabetes and other health factors have been a growing concern in recent years amongst food-insecure individuals and families. This review includes the concept of finding ways to overcome this issue. Low-income families already have numerous issues to deal with outside of health problems, but the inclusion of health issues makes the situation for these families worse. Within the past ten years research has been dedicated to this problem. Researchers have dedicated time to finding ways of overcoming the problem by using new tactics like motivational interviewing. It has become known that diabetes is a concern of lower income families ...

Literature Review

Chairman:
Committee member:
Committee member:
Masters of Arts in Psychology
2016
Introduction
With childhood obesity on the rise, there is increasing concern about the prevention and treatment of obesity. Current national data on childhood and adolescent obesity show 16.9 percent of 2-to-19-year-old children and adolescents are obese (Ogden, Carroll, Kit, & Flegal, 2014). An effective intervention to manage obesity is essential. The current weight management practices involve dietary modification, behavioral change therapies involving exercise, pharmacological therapy and surgical intervention. The purpose of this literature review is to explore the current research on Motivational Interviewing (MI) as an effective method for ...

Benefits of Green Tea

Tea is one of the one of the most popular beverages if not the most popular beverage on earth. A 2012 report says that, tea is the number two most consumed beverages after water in the whole world. This shows the rate of consumption of tea by people and how important it is to us. Various societies have embraced the role tea plays in their day do day lives. For example, the British have ‘tea time’ and various Asian communities have ancient tea ceremonies.
Green tea is preferred to black or white tea, because of the health benefits ...

Introduction

Migraine is characterized by recurrent moderate to severe headaches and autonomic nervous system symptoms such as aura. The headache pulsates on one side of the head only. Additional symptoms of migraine include sensitivity to light and sound, nausea and vomiting. According to Robbins and Lipton, migraines are caused by both genetic and environmental factors and affect up to 15% of the global population at some point in life.1 Typically, the severe headache persist for over two hours but may last up to three days.

Pathophysiology of Migraines

Migraines are chronic neurovascular disorder. Goadsby asserts that the condition starts in the brain and ...

Abstract

Introduction
Transitioning from a life at home with parents and the teachers as in charge into a college life where the student finds independence of every choice possible, problems like risky behaviors and irregular sleep patterns are nothing out of the ordinary. This new-found freedom is in most cases seen to be unfavorable for the college student because 70 to 96 percent of the student in college get less than 8 hours of sleep per day.
This is not a blanket rate which applies to the student of every major from each and every department; rather there are students ...

Introduction

Recently, worldwide obesity prevalence has been raised rapidly and nearly doubled between 1980 and 2014, however in 2014 more than a half a billion of adult (18 years and older) were obese (11% men and 15% women) (WHO, 2014). Obesity and overweight are defined as excess body fat accumulation that leads to health risks and comorbidities. Adult weight can be classified based on the Body Mass Index. Hence, an individual having a BMI equal to or more than 25 is regarded as being overweight, while a person with a BMI equal to or more than 30 is considered obese ( ...

Introduction

Athletes dedicate their precious time in practicing and training in the hope of ultimate reward for their flawless performance. The competitive environment and passion for winning add extra motivation to their will to succeed. For a perfect athletic performance, a healthy and strong body is a primary necessity. To achieve new limits in their career athletes take good diet and a proper training and exercise regime. Literature suggests that the use of vitamins and nutritional supplements also contribute to enhancing the performance. Performance Enhancing Drugs (PED) are newly discovered options that can be presented as the next step in ...

Quality and Safety Practice: Prevention of Patient Falls - Literature Review

Introduction
Whether an elderly person is living alone, with others, within a nursing home, or under care in a medical facility, falling is a major threat. For seniors older than 65 years of age living in a community situation, one in three will suffer a fall every year; for individuals over 85 years of age, the rate climbs to half of all residents (Cameron et al., 2010; CBO, 2004; Neyens, 2007; Tinetti, 2003). If an elderly adult is institutionalized, the possibility of falling in a year rises to 1.5 to 2 times (Dijcks et al., 2005) and a serious ...

Literature Review

Abstract and citation
The title played a critical role in identifying the authenticity of the text in the research work. Case in point is that cases of diabetes have been documented extensively among the people not to mention the psychosocial issues that affect them (Cammarata et al., 2009). The Abstract clearly states the specific details that are in the main body and introduces the reader to the insights and the points of discussion. The research problem in the study is based on the effect of psychosocial problems in causing diabetes among the young people. One of the single most ...

Part – 1 (Assignment Worksheet Quantitative)

The title of the quantitative research study systematically attempts to explore the variables determining the performance of nursing students in NCLEX-PN licensure examination. The study variables including the test scores of nurses, their theory grades, nursing education, selective admission practices, cumulative GPA (grade point average), SAT/ACT/NLN scores and grades obtained in pre-nursing courses prove to be the preliminary factors in determining the success of nurses in NCLEX - PN examination. The evidence based research literature contends the significance of previous academic performance and examination preparation of nurses on their prospective performance in various professional evaluations (McKenzie, 2008, p. 30). ...

International Marketing

Abstract
Music plays an unchallenging positive role on the mental patents. Not only the advance researches have proved its importance, but also the evidence of music treatment were found in the ancient times histories. Music is the part of every tradition for many years and nobody can deny its importance.
Today, the role of music repetition has proved a way of treatment for the mental patients for the therapy and disorder purposes. The researches of the neurophysiological have described the demonstrational impacts of music not only the patients but also useful for the basic emotional system of the ...

Stress has been a common “illness” among professional’s alike and ordinary people. Several have been claiming that they are stress out. This claim has resulted to numerous drugs that are available over the counter to reduce stress. In addition, stress reliever sessions and classes have also been put up by psychologists or even gym instructors just for the purpose of reducing the stress that a person is feeling. What is stress and what causes it? Psychologically speaking, stress is defined as a reaction to a stimulus that can affect both the physical and mental equilibrium. As a result, it can cause numerous disturbances ...

1. Introduction
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that potentially affects many tissues and organs of the human body. Amongst the tissues that may become affected are: the skin, blood vessels, heart, lungs and muscles. However, the joints are the primary sites of infection and if left untreated it may results in the destruction of articular cartilage (Robbins, 2008, p.1237). This disease is a condition that affects the physical, societal and financial aspects of the patient's life (Croon et al, 2004).2. What is the aetiology of the injury?
The etiology of RA is unclear and many ...

Among International Students?

Today in the conditions of fast-changing world and ever-increasing body of knowledge that international students face every day, the problem of stress management becomes more and more important and topical. There is a common belief that stress is harmful for every person, and in this paper I want to focus on the implications of stress for emotions and health of international students in particular.
Stress – is a reaction of body to the psychological or physical intervention, which violates its usual rhythm. From the point of view of psychology, physiology, and medicine it is possible to distinguish not only the negative ...

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: A Literature Critique

Discussion
Rationale for the topic
Diabetes is Australia’s fastest growing chronic disease (Diabetes Australia, 2012). It is the sixth leading cause of death in Australia. Up to 60% of cases of type 2 diabetes are preventable. This makes diabetes a topic of utmost public health significance. Implementation of public health measures could reduce the incidence of diabetes, which will not only result in savings for the health budget, but also increase participation and productivity in the workforce and, most importantly, lead to better health outcomes and quality of life for Australians (Diabetes Australia, 2012). This is why ...

Analysis of "The Story of an Hour" by Kate Chopin

"The Story of an Hour" by Kate Chopin contains a most unique theme of freedom within death. However, the miraculous and graceful way in which the character Mrs. Mallard meets freedom within death is exquisite. A sense of sadness is expected of a widow. Upon hearing of her husband’s passing Mrs. Mallard “wept at once, with sudden, wild abandonment” indicating that she was indeed mourning her husband. Yet, Chopin twists descriptive adjectives like new, delicious, joy, dream and free into the description of Mrs. Mallard’s experience to promote a sense of freedom within an event that should be sad.
...

Care of the person with heart failure

Introduction
A condition in the heart does not satisfy the needs of the body while pumping blood is heart failure. Doctors say that in some cases the heart does not fill with sufficient blood. To some patients with heart failure, heart is not able to pump blood to the rest of the body with enough force to run through the veins and arteries. Some people have both problems and when it comes to that point, they call for serious medication and attention. It is therefore necessary to mention that the term heart failure does not mean that the ...

Nutrition among the premenopausal and postmenopausal is an issue of interest to scholars presently. Through these studies, scholars assess the diet quality and dietary intakes of the target group and determine whether the diets affect their health, specifically osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases. The design used in the study was cross sectional study design, which entailed the use of anthropometric measurements and food records.
In carrying out the study, the pre and postmenopausal women were targeted. The methods used in the study were biochemical assessment used in general analyzing of the hormone oestrogen. A venopuncture was used to collect ...

Care of People with Heart Failure

Introduction
The constantly increasing number of people suffering from heart failure and other chronic conditions is always raising concern about the quality of health services accorded to these people. Admittedly, improving health care has emerged as one of the urgent issues around the world with governments, health care administrators and physicians, just to mention but a few, letting their policy objective be appreciably influenced by the desire to improve health care delivery, particularly for chronic and long term illnesses. This paper aims at describing the best model for care for heart failure. The paper also describes how models of ...