Inflation Term Papers Samples For Students

Introduction

This paper summarizes the key policies that were implemented by the United States Federal Reserve Bank in the period between 2008 and 2010. This time period under review presented a unique economic environment for the Federal Reserve and the US economy as a whole, due to the Global Financial Crisis which begun in the second half of 2008. This paper seeks to understand the key decisions that the Fed took in averting the deepening of the crises, and in steering the economy back on the right course. By and large, the decisions taken by the bank are to a large extent a reflection ...

Introduction

Norway has a mixed economy structure with government controlling the crucial sectors of the economy. The economy growth is majorly sustained by its natural resources. For a long time, the economy export had been supported by shipping. The key industries in the Norwegian economy are the petroleum and natural gas, food processing, textile, and shipping, among others. Norway’s currency is referred as the Norwegian Krone (NOK). Its current GDP stands at $499.98, and the GDP per capita is 53,293. The paper addresses the macroeconomic elements of the Norwegian economy, by looking into the present economic condition, as well as ...

Inflation in USA

Inflation in US
Introduction
Inflation refers to the rate at which the country is experiencing the general increase in prices of goods and services. When the rate of inflation is high, the purchasing power of the country’s currency will be low at the same time. This will comparably imply that higher amount of money is needed to purchase items that had been previously purchased at lower amounts of the same currency. The country’s currency would have lost the real value as a unit of account and as a medium of exchange of the economy. The chief measure ...

December 12, 2010

Inflation in Macroeconomics

The most effective indicator of country’s economic health is its financial state. Financial system not only provides interconnections in economics, but also conducts macroeconomic regulation, and serves as a tool for governments to regulate economic development. For this reason, the activity of executive power in every country is directed towards stability of financial and credit system and overall financial state. In order to ensure the stability, inflation processes must be controlled. It is necessary because inflation results in harmful socio-economic outcomes: inflation leads to deformation of macroeconomic regulation instruments.
Inflation is a process of price level ...

Introduction

The exchange rate has become an integral component of modern economics. Its role stems from its far-reaching effects on the economy of a country, investments, the profitability of firms, and personal finances. Countries have become even more interdependent due to the rapid advancement in communication technologies and the expansion of global trade, which have significantly reduced the geographical distance between both individuals and countries. However, since nations use a broad range of domestic currencies with different values, trading partners must, therefore, rely on currency conversion methods to facilitate global transactions. This paper explores the importance of exchange rate and ...

Interest rates are the monetary compensation or the cost of borrowing given to the lender(s) or supplier(s) of funds by the borrower(s) or demander(s) of funds or loans (CMU, 2010). The terms required returns and interest rates are similar in that the lender gets compensated for the funds they provide to the borrower. However, required returns are used when referring to equity instruments (investments) like common stock, and the interest rate is used when referring to debt instruments like bonds or bank loans. There are several factors that influence interest rates. They include inflation, risk ...

Forewords

South Korea is an East Asian nation located in the southern part of the Korea Peninsula. Prior to 1948, the South and North Korea were one nation under different occupying forces. The forces of the United States occupied the south while the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) occupied the north. However, in 1948 after the World War II, the nation of South Korea was established, and the two parts were partitioned. This partition caused unbalanced economic units. This was because North Korea controlled majority of the natural resources and heavy industries which were created during the time in ...

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Introduction
US has been the center of the global economy for the past several decades, and hence decisions taken by the U.S government can have significant impact on the rest of the world. In the same manner, the monetary policies formed by the Federal Reserve (FED) – the central bank of the United States –influence the economic policies of other countries worldwide. Therefore, central banks worldwide are closely monitoring the moves of the FED so as to make timely adjustments to their economic and monetary policies. The U.S economy was severely hit by the global financial ...

Question 1: To what extent is government intervention in the international trade of goods and services between two countries necessary to yield economic welfare? Discuss in the context of any one market with which you are familiar.
Since the turn of the century, the developing countries are struggling hard to establish their foothold in the world. These developing nations were once corridors of trade to the Central Asian Market but now they are being swiped off their feet due to the overwhelming response of the capitalist world. It is becoming hard for them to keep pace with the ...

According to the Department of Energy, the consumption in the United States of oil products per day is twenty million barrels (Bonsor & Grabianowski, 2012). Out of this amount, close to fifty percent is utilized for motor gasoline. The remaining amount is utilized for jet fuel, distillate fuel oil, and residual fuel among other fuels. One barrel of oil has forty two gallons that yields about twenty gallons of gasoline. Therefore, in the U.S, the daily consumption of gasoline is about one hundred and seventy eight million gallons of gasoline (Bonsor & Grabianowski, 2012). The gas prices affect almost ...

1. Measurement of unemployment usually has a role during the management of an organization. For example, it provides measures of labor in various aspects such as labor supply, labor input and the extent at which the current time of labor and human resources are really utilized. This information can be used by organization’s management to evaluate human resources developments in planning and formulating policies. Unemployment data can be used to effectively understand current trends and all changes in labor markets (Schneider, 2008). This can be used to analyze economic and social aspects with an aim of evaluating macro- economic ...

Economics of Global Money Markets

When money became a commodity, money market became part of the financial markets for the reasons that assets that are involved in short-term buying, borrowing, selling and lending with the original maturities of about one year or less. The trade in money markets is carried out over the counter and as such it is wholesale. There are various instruments that exist and they include deposits, treasury bills, bankers’ acceptances, certificates of deposit, bills of exchange, commercial paper, federal funds, repurchase agreements and asset backed securities. This provides a funding that is liquid for the global financial system. Capital markets and money ...

The gold standard is a monetary system which suggests pegging of economic unit of account with fixed mass of gold. For understanding the meaning of the gold standard a little digression in history is needed.

The United States switched to the gold standard in 1834 because of silver currency and bank notes crisis. The price for gold in the United States was set at $20.67 per ounce that year. The majority of the countries adhered to gold in the period called Classical Gold Standard from 1880 to 1914. This was the period of unprecedented economic growth and free trade in the ...

Abstract

As the this topic of increasing minimum wage rate is always matter of concern in US we will discuss how the concept of minimum wage rate came into force and at what rate the minimum rate is increase or decreased. The effect on the economy like growth rate, inflation , consumer price Index and their effects will also be discussed.

Introduction

The topic minimum wage is a hot topic these days but it was introduced long back. New Zealand was the first country that came up with national minimum wage laws in 1894. The minimum wage covered almost all the industries ...

Question One

National income accounts provide the framework summarizing and categorizing productive activities within a given time period. Simply put, it provides a criterion for measuring the flow of earnings of individuals through the process of producing goods and services. Since national income accounts are solely based on production, they are responsible for giving a reflection of the aggregate level of output. However, scholars and economic analysts have argued that National Income accounts have several limitations when it comes to measuring the overall level of welfare in the economy (Karl-Gustav, 2006).

First, National Income accounts ignore household production or near-market activities such as childcare, ...

India’s Economy and Population

Introduction
India exists as a peninsula in South Asia and it is surrounded by various water bodies like the Indian Ocean and the Arabian Sea. The neighboring countries along the Indian border are China, Pakistan, Nepal, Burma, and Bhutan. The land size of the country is approximately 3,287,263 sq.km, and it is ranked 7th among the largest countries in the world (India Location para 2). India’s population is 1.33 billion, and 50% of this population comprises people aged below 25 years. The number of males is slightly higher than females, where sex ratio between males and ...

Introduction

When the United States emerged from the Civil War, the divisions within its economy showed the reason why the South lost the conflict. Because of the industrialization that had taken place in the North in the first half of the nineteenth century, that side was able to develop materiel more quickly – and to get it to the men on the battlefields where they needed it with more rapidity. The South, on the other hand, was still mostly an agrarian society. While this agrarian dream would fire the imaginations of poets from Dixie well into the twentieth century, it also ...

Arguably, 2000-2009 was the most difficult moment in the world economy. The financial crisis that took place in United States and the world became the worst financial munch to ever occur in the world. The financial crisis took place in the late 2008 at a remarkably speed, whereby most economic factors were fully disturbed. Mortgage-related securities, which had fully spread in United States as well as global financial systems collapsed. As a matter of fact, this crisis undermined several largest and renowned financial institutions in United states and the world. Additionally, the crisis damaged stronger economies and financial systems in the ...

Introduction

In the current investment industry, real estate is considered as one of the most viable investment. Real estate investment offers a lot of benefits to the investor and is considered to have a very bright future.
Basically, real estate is defined as “any interest on land”. The interest can either be a leasehold interest or an ownership interest. In the case of ownership interest, the owner or investor has full land ownership rights and, at the same time, assumes the responsibilities and risks associated with the ownership. The ownership rights include the legal use and transfer of title of the land ...

Abstract

Before making any decision on the choice of an investment plan, it is very important that the individual carries out an intensive evaluation on the available investment options. Real estate is a very significant part of investment portfolio due to its numerous advantages and the les associated risks as compared to other forms of investments. As a Personal Retirement Plan, I opt for real estate. In this work, I have thoroughly investigated the theories and literature on real estate as an investment plan, and examined the both the benefits and the risks associated with such kind of an investment. There are ...

Short – Term Investing

Introduction
A treasury bill or a T-Bill is a short-term maturing promissory note, usually lasting for three months to one year. Nyawata (2012) asserts that the federal or national governments are the ones that issue T-Bills as their primary instruments of regulating the supply of money within the national economy, as well as raising funds for various government projects through open market operations. The central banks of the respective countries are the ones responsible for issuing and paying on T-Bills. According to Thau (2000) T-bills do not have any form of explicit interest, but they sell at a discount ...

In the 1990s Turkey faced many economic crises and the last crisis was in 2001 (Chen et al, 2014). Wrong fiscal policies and failures of the banking industry were the key factors that led to the crisis (Banking Regulation and Supervision Agency, 2010). Turkey needed to implement many structural reforms in order to improve the situation in the economy (Togan, 2009).
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) began cooperation with Turkey in 1998. When the crisis started in February 2001, the IMF developed a special support program for Turkey. In 4 years the IMF offered $20.4 billion of loans (Yeldan, ...

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1. Background
For many decades since its independence in 1923, Turkey was a largely agrarian economy, with the majority of its people living in rural areas. Yüksel Görmez and
Serkan Yiğit note in The Economic and Financial Stability in Turkey: A Historical Perspective that “77% of the population, about 13 million people, were living in rural areas and largely dependent on agriculture” (3). Agriculture itself depended on good weather conditions. This paper seeks to assess the reasons for the ...

The United States is facing gradual economic growth with large downside risks. The causes of the economic downturn in the US are attributed to the 2007 financial crisis when the nation experienced a housing bubble burst. Another root of downturn of the economy in the US is the sovereign debt crisis. This is so because the countries such as Greece are asking for assistance to finance their debt, which is affecting the US economy and the world economy. The fear is that this would take the United States economy to a low GDP level. Since the US is the leading economy, ...

Abstract

Being healthy is the most important part of maintaining a healthier lifestyle. However, it is difficult to maintain good health without efforts and dedication of resources. The US government understands the importance of health and tries to implement a health care system that is beneficial for all. However, the US Health care system is under constant criticism for being uneven and inefficient. The following paper is a discussion of quality of US Health care and a brief evaluation of its short comings in comparison to other health care systems of the world.
Keywords: health, medicine, health care, medical costs, life span

Introduction

Healthy people ...

The housing bubble and its subsequent burst in late 2006-07, were cited as one of the primary reasons for the financial crisis of 2007-08 that left the whole global economy in tense situations. In the US alone, millions of people went homeless, and thousand of real estate companies were having unsold homes and commercial properties. The financial pundits and researchers blamed the easy financing and relaxed regulation on the financial sectors that fed into the bubble, allowing it to grow to proportions and such level, from where it was not possible for the federal system to save the economy ...

Poverty & Wages

Question a

Poverty can be defined as a condition of inability to live normal life because of existing economic conditions. Currently, there are several root causes of poverty in the world. They could be classified as individual or aggregate causes of poverty. Individual causes are those that affect an individual person while the aggregate ones are those that affect the whole population or economy. The causes of poverty may or may not have remedies.

Low levels of education and lack of skill is one of the root causes of poverty, especially in the developing countries. Lack of proper education will lead ...

Introduction:

We have seen economic progress through the centuries, and we have prized that progress because the same has been making our living standards better and it is giving us access to so many services. That of the United States is an economy which screams progress, but within this progress, the economy also hides a great flaw. In this economy, the rich seems to be getting even richer, while the poor suffer through the worse of the ups and downs, at least this is a question that we are going to prove true or false in this paper.
As per ...

The US Subprime mortgage crisis was a banking and financial emergency situation that led to a recession not only in the US but spread to many parts of the world. The disastrous effects of a crisis in the domestic subprime market on the rest of the world beg questions about the interconnectability and interdependence of the international economy as well as the financial institutions. The international financial crisis also revealed how vulnerable the global financial system was. Not only did the subprime crisis have a direct effect on global markets and countries that held a huge number of US mortgage backed securities and were ...

Purchasing of Groceries

Purchasing of groceries is a kind of customer spending.
The per capita consumption statistics are tracked consumer spending and their structure. The expenses include all the costs of maintaining the standard of living (except for the costs of taxes and others. Obligatory payments); their value depends on both the income and the state of the consumer market, which creates opportunities for the realization of incomes.
What we have called the consumer spending of households in national income accounting system is defined as the personal consumption expenditures.
The main component of aggregate demand is consumption expenditures of households ...

Introduction

Financial markets in the economy have a role of linking the demanders and also the suppliers of funds. They enable firms and individuals to access capital and invest any surpluses. These are the markets that allow the financial sectors of the economy to run smoothly. However, many individuals do not understand these markets despite their crucial role in the economy. They have varied reasons for their failure to comprehend these markets and these reasons limit their understanding of the markets. This serves as the foundation for the thesis of this paper that is – accountants have a role to play to enhance ...

Discussion on Exchange rate of Pakistan for the period 1990 to 2010

This paper will elaborate on the exchange rate changes and currency fluctuations of Pakistan, which is the sixth largest country in terms of population and also the 7th nuclear power. The researcher will present an economic analysis on exchange rate disparity of Pakistani Rupee (PKR) with US Dollar during the era of 1990 – 2010. For this purpose, the information and statistics available on FDI, import and export figures, external debt, foreign reserves of US Dollar, inflow of remittances and impact of economic sanctions due to nuclear explosions will be analyzed in detail to study the strengths and weaknesses of ...

Abstract

The project deals with the Iranian Revolution of 1979. The first sections considers such essential aspects as popular sentiments dominating the society, ideological groups taking part in the revolt, the unique nature of the Iranian Revolution that differentiated it from conventional European analogues, the factors of success, and rationales behind the revolt like corruption, repression, excessive westernization, economic reforms, and other reasons. The next sections give insight into the major achievements of the revolution and people who took part in the revolt and made accomplishments possible. The final chapter summarizes the focal points of the research.
Keywords: revolution, ...

Abstract

A vast contraction in world trade and the global economic environment leads to the financial crisis experienced today as countries fight for market share in the international trade. Most governments face pressure from their neighbors to create wealth and jobs creating a complex system governing commerce between states. The above situation creates desperate times that lead into desperate protectionist measures (Wyk 1). China fears protectionism having experienced the biggest ever financial crisis in 2009, and struggled over years to build its economy to its current position. China recorded 8% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth in 2009, a situation attributed to falling ...

Memorandum

ID:

Section Leader: [Section Leader Name]

Re: Obama’s Small Business Tax Increase
Dear Mr. President:
Objective
I am writing to inform you on the up-to-date state of the increase in tax that is to be put on small businesses in the country and give an explanation on the adoption of certain economic policies that impact on the same issue which conflict other policies that can be alternatives and also submit my opinion to those who make the policies on how they could have bettered the adopting the specific policies at hand.

Summary of the issue

As you know small businesses are a source of dynamic ...

Introduction

Anti-capitalistic occurs because of uniformed society, whose aim to sit and discuss the matters of the intellectuals. Through the social gatherings, all the new ideologies and ideas find responses. In addition, most socialites are ignorant and they are people not interested in ideas and books, instead they gather and start gossiping more on persons or sports if doing nothing. Those who are not much into reading consider scientists, artists and writers as individuals they do not wish to consort.

I can add that the socialist are ignorant on how the capitalistic market operates and due to competition in the ...

United States-The United States of America is the source of the Global economic crisis. The country is still struggling to recover from the continuing recession.

“The cause of the problem is located in the fundamental defect of the free market system,” said Professor Prabaht Patnaik, a 55-year-old Professor at the CESP (Center for Economic Studies and Planning in India).

The free market is dominated by parties interested in the short-term returns at the expense of future returns from marketable securities. As his concern, the state is not acting to ensure high economic growth and development.

Public revenue is not adequate ...

Introduction

An economy of a country goes through different cycles. There will be periods where there will be a boom and at other times there can be a recession. In the Western world the period 2007 to 2009 was a tough period as the economy went through a recession. Many people lost their jobs while others lost their homes. It is estimated that a total of 8.4 Million jobs were lost during the recession period. Mortgage products were the worst hit. Governments came up with measures to stimulate the economy. The American government spent a lot of money bailing out banks and mortgage companies.

There are two ...