Essays on Built

Introduction

As described by Dunn (n.d.) in his article “A Short Introduction to The Pyramids of Egypt”, the well known pyramids at Giza in Egypt have been one of the most famous man-made objects for many centuries. Although they are just a few (eight in total) of more than a hundred pyramids that were built in Egypt. Most experts agree that they were built as tombs for their kings and queens, but possibly also were connected with the worship of Ra (or Re) their sun god. That idea apparently stems from the resemblance of the pyramid shape to a mound ( ...

Abstract

The Lake Moeris Quarry Road built while the Old Kingdom of Egypt between 26th and 22nd centuries B.C. is the oldest paved road of the world and is testimony to the excellent sense of planning and execution of the ancient Egyptians of that period. The 8-miles of the main road was built by placing large stone blocks that were kept on the desert sand and to facilitate passage of sledges filled with blocks of Basalt to the quay of Lake Moeris, and then on to River Nile. Those Basalt blocks were shipped downstream of Nile to construction sites in ...

of the most important building of the particular styles:

Early Christian, Byzantine, Islamic, Gothic

Each period of history has its own particular, specific art style, which contains its own significant masterpieces. It doesn’t matter what kind of art is it: painting, sculpture, architecture, etc. For example, for the Early Christian Era, such masterpieces are: The Basilica at Trier in architecture and Jesus healing the bleeding woman, depicted in the Catacombs of Rome. Talking about Byzantine period, it is important to mention such works as: the Church of Holy Wisdom or Hagia Sophia in the architecture and the most famous mosaic of this church ...

In the “Dialogue of Civilizations” symposium in Guatemala, several historians and archeologists studying cultures of ancient civilization such as those of the Maya, Mesopotamia, Indus Valley and Egypt have found that their huge monuments were built for three major reasons: as sources of religious and moral nourishment, entertainment and beauty. For spiritual purposes, one can note that monumental structures like the Tikal Temple in Guatemala, Temple of Horus at Edfu, the Luxor Temple in Egypt and the Great Budha Statue were built for religious and moral purposes. The Taj Mahal monument in India is considered one of the beautiful ...

“I hereby certify that the contents contained within are my original work and have in no way been influenced by outside works other than my own personal research.”

Petra in Jordan – a city of dreams

Abstract
Petra is a historical and archaeologicalcity which is located in the Ma’an region of Jordan. It is famous for its original and unique rock cut architecture and its water conduit system. Petra is also known as the Rose City due to the beautiful and original colour of its stone which is carved and hewn out of the rock.
This paper examines the historical aspect of the city in the ...

Summary of Book

Supportive Arguments

Sociological Significance of, ‘A paradise built in hell’

Sociology: Book Review- A Paradise Built in Hell
Introduction
In this book review of Rebecca Solnit’s novel, ‘A Paradise built in Hell’ will offer a Summary of the author’s projects of ‘A paradise built in Hell;’ an assessment of her point of views; an examination of the supporting arguments for the positron she has taken and the significance of her work from a sociological perspective.

Summary of Book

“A paradise built in hell” describes the writer’s philosophy of disasters being opportunities as well as oppressive experiences. She depicts these ...

Discussing the Great Sphinx of Egypt

ABSTRACT
The Sphinx is one of the most famous images of the Ancient World. However, despite its immense, stone image, the Sphinx has and remains a great mystery to layman and experts from many different fields. There is continuing research hoping to determine the true origins, age, image, and purpose of the Sphinx. It is likely much older than previously thought and therefore not built when it had traditionally thought to have built. There are theories that work to explain the Sphinx. However, the only thing that we can be absolutely certain of is that the Sphinx is a ...

Abstract

This paper is the final research paper for the course, and discusses the Salt Lake Temple – one of the list of suggested topics. Research was undertaken using extensive searches of internet and library resources, in order to locate information on the size and location of the temple, the timeframe of its construction, the civilization and culture responsible for its creation and existence, and just how it was built (methods of construction, materials, tools and equipment) and the composition of the workforce responsible. The final section of the paper discusses how the temple might be built differently if it was ...

The name beach house is used to signify and show a housing structure built near the beach or a large mass of the water body. Mostly, they are houses used as vocational homes or second homes for people who work in further places. They are equally used by people of good financial means and ability as vocational homes or where the wealthy and their families go to spend vocational periods like the holidays. Beach houses are usually designed and constructed with considerations of the weather of that particular geographic location. Thus, beach houses are uniquely different from one another, ...

Abstract:

Petra is a historical and archaeological city which is located in the Ma’an region of Jordan. It is famous for its original and unique rock cut architecture and its water conduit system. Petra is also known as the Rose City due to the beautiful and original colour of its stone which is carved and hewn out of the rock.
This paper examines the historical aspect of the city in the context of the architectural prowess of those who built it. There is also an examination of how the city was built on a theoretical level as well as ...

Yankee Stadium (1923)

Introduction

In terms of art and architecture, few stadiums can compete with Yankee stadium. Opened in 1923, the stadium has remained an iconic figure in any work of architecture drawing no comparisons. Currently, the stadium acts as the home-ground for the New York Yankees, a club participating in the Major League Baseball. There are suggestions that the stadium will also serve as the home-ground for New York City FC, a football club participating in the Major League Soccer. Over the years, the New York Yankee stadium has undergone some renovations in order to ensure it meets the ...

Following the American Psychological Association’s Guidelines

The Mystery: How Was the Pyramids of Giza Constructed?
There hasn’t been any information found as to how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids of Giza. Many of the stones used to build the pyramids weigh several tons. In today’s society, machines are used to move heavy loads. Not only has the movement of these massive stones but the precision in which these pyramids were built baffled scientists for centuries. Theories as to how these pyramids were built range from slave labor to the help of ancient astronauts.

Theories of how the pyramids of Giza were built

The first theory is one of the earliest theories ...

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Abstract
Luxor Temple in Egypt rose into prominence as the abode of various royal Egyptian dynasties. The kings honored the so-called god Amon. It became the main city of the kingdom. The Temple was managed by high military priests.
This research report summarizes the key events and historical background of Luxor Temple. It also sheds light on the building, the civilization and the culture prevalent in that period as well as the built environment. Moreover, it gives a comparison with the modern city of Luxor.

Luxor Temple in Egypt: An Introduction

The Luxor Temple was mainly constructed ...

Abstract

Construction of Kamehameha V Post Office (Hi) building occurred in 1871 that used different and exceptional style of concrete bricks. It was the first building in Hawaii to use such style and design. It is a government building that has hosted and used for various functions within different agencies of the governments. The structure built and designed with concrete bricks and iron bars that resulted into a stronger structure that has amazed many up to the current times. It was built by Osborne and has remained one of the most important and ancient building that existed in the US ...

Introduction

The remains of ancient theaters of the Roman and Greek world are today scattered around the Mediterranean. The Greek theaters were not only very large, but also open-air structures build on the slope of a hill. On the other hand, the Romans theaters had different features from those of the Greeks. For instance, they were built on foundations which provided a strong anchorage for them. This paper exclusively compares and contrasts the Greek and Roman theater building structure and how they changed and developed. It does this by focusing on the features of the Greek and Roman buildings, comparing ...

Introduction

Famously quoted as saying, "Architecture is the masterly, correct, and magnificent play of masses brought together in light" Le Corbusier, one of the famous architects of the 20th century, was a versatile genius (Tomas, 2009). Besides being an architect, he was a designer, writer, urban planner, painter and one of the founding fathers of modern architecture. A pioneer in modern high design with his buildings scattered across Europe, America and India, he contributed to better living arrangements for people in crowded cities. Born in a small city in Switzerland in 1887, Le Corbusier’s actual name was Charles Édouard ...

Introduction

In the architecture of the 19th century Baroque art style that has lost its momentum, yielded a new classicism, which became the main style of this era. However, close to classicism, took over the ancient forms developed romanticism became stylistic manifestation of the Middle Ages, coupled with the new trends of constructivism. In the 19th century, when the building technologies achieved tremendous success, the center of the world of architecture has shifted significantly. During this period, the highest elevation reaches architecture of such countries like France, England, Germany, and Russia. This research paper is aimed at outlining the peculiarities ...

Abstract

Ranked among the top 7 heritage sites around the world by UNESCO, Stonehenge is one of the most picturesque marvels of the medieval world. Standing isolated in Wiltshire, England, the prehistoric monument has been a destination for well over 800,000 tourists from all over the world every year. With many theories surrounding its construction and purpose, architects and archeologists have put their minds together in trying to come up with a scientifically acceptable explanation of the monument’s coming into being. Today, many questions surround Stonehenge, with hundreds of documentaries giving different accounts, and crediting different people for ...

Abstract

Ranked among the top 7 heritage sites around the world by UNESCO, Stonehenge is one of the most picturesque marvels of the medieval world. Standing isolated in Wiltshire, England, the prehistoric monument has been a destination for well over 800,000 tourists from all over the world every year. With many theories surrounding its construction and purpose, architects and archeologists have put their minds together in trying to come up with a scientifically acceptable explanation of the monument’s coming into being. Today, many questions surround Stonehenge, with hundreds of documentaries giving different accounts, and crediting different people for ...

Introduction

The Egyptian pyramids are considered one of the greatest mysteries on earth today. The pyramids were the tombs of Egyptian kings and were made of stone; these tombs are a testament to human skill as they are thousands of years old (National Geographic, 2011). It is believed that these pyramids were the product of the ‘Old Kingdom Society’ which was prominent in the Nile Valley after the year 3000 B.C. (Fish, 1996). Archaeologists estimate that these pyramids were built between 2589 and 2504 B.C., a span of around eighty five years.

History

...

Introduction

Asoka, an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty, is one of the most important followers of Buddhism. During his rule, Buddhism had spread widely throughout the world and became the leading religion. Asoka was initially a follower of Hinduism. At the start of his rule, he governed his empire in a way his predecessors did. The people described him as a cruel ruler. He sought to expand his territory. He invaded Kalinga and saw the deaths of many people. He regretted his actions and felt the sorrow and grief of the families who were abandoned by the people who ...

Colonial cities were built by colonists and used for different purposes in the countries that they conquered. Most of them were used as central trading centers where the colonists performed trading activities with other countries. They had the diversity of culture because of the mixed cultures that were represented by their colonists and trade partners. Colonial cities were built by colonialists and most of them remain so to this day, with only a few adjustments. Johannesburg in South Africa is an example of a city that was built by colonialists and is at the top of the hierarchy among ...

Abstract

South England is going through a transformative time due to the severe housing shortage that it faces. Southern England is facing such a severe shortage of housing that it will need to create nearly two million residential homes before the year 2016, indicating that there is a serious need for quick action on the part of developers. However, there is also a need for sustainable housing to be created in South England, as global climate change and other environmental problems loom large on the horizon. Determining the ways to maximize sustainable housing solutions while still providing fast, cost-effective housing ...

Introduction p. 3 – 4

Skyscrapers in the City p. 4 – 8
List of Figures
Fig. 1 (Burj Khalifa) p. 5
Fig. 2 (Table of Skyscrapers in the World) p. 6

References p. 8

Introduction
Tall buildings have captured the imagination of people throughout history. In the Old Testament, the Tower of Babel builders admonished the people to build a city and a tower “with its top in the heavens And let us make a name for ourselves” (Glaeser, 2011). The height of the tower signified success and power. It showed recognition. Tall structures also date back to the obelisks of ancient Egypt. Western city builders got ...

Abstract

The construction of the Bayonne Bridge (New Jersey) in 1931 revolutionized the structural technique and design of bridges. It was mad exceptionally well that it incorporated materials and styles that had not been used at the time. The length of the structure made it the world’s largest bridge for many years before other structures were raised. As the first structure that used manganese steel, it is pioneered and revolutionized many aspects in construction of bridges and among other structures The impacts that the bridge had after its competition resulted into much more benefits to the communities linked by ...

A RELIC OF THE PAST

Month/Date/Year
More than two thousand years ago, Chinese emperors began constructing massive walls of defense to protect their northern frontiers. Nowadays, the remains of these ancient ramparts and towers still scar China’s borderlands. Hundreds of thousands of men both young and old performed Corvée labor in order to pay their taxes to the emperor. They pounded this gigantic, winding edifice out of the Earth’s soil. Finally in the 16th century, the Chinese people built greater fortifications that ran across the steppe borders. A stone colossus that became the national emblem of China; the Great Wall. Historians ...

Once in a while, it is possible to turn to a television station like PBS and stumble upon a National Geographic documentary featuring the pyramids of ancient Egypt. They are so common it is almost easy to forget that ancient Incas and Aztec civilization also constructed unique pyramids. Three pyramids in particular are directly under a group of celestial stars and thus further complicate the mystery of them all. In Egypt, the archaeologists and forensic scientists have found bones of many people buried right beside the multi-dimensional triangles and other structures. They have questioned the role and status of ...

The hotel industry plays a very vital role in the society. Apart from provision of foods and drinks to their customers, they offer accommodation on services to people who go visiting places far from their own homes. For a long time, the hotel industry has been described as ‘home far from home’ since they accommodate people who are far from their home. This means that the services of the hotel industry should be good enough to ensure that the customers are very comfortable. The hotel industry also offers conference services to groups of people who want to have meetings. ...

Introduction

The beginning of the concept of aviation began in Chinese in the fourth century A.D. In 400 B.C a toy that consisted of feathers at the end of a stick was spun between the hands to generate a lift and after its release it provided a free flight, It is assumed that those who build the  toys were inspired by the auto rotating nature of seeds from trees such as Sycamore. ¹

In the year 1480, Leonard da Vinci discovered that a screw shaped device well made from a  starched linen can rise in air if turned quickly.

...

The Romans aqueducts play an important role when it comes to the field of architecture-in Romans society. They are considered as the most public structures without the pretence of good-looking entablatures or columns to have ever existed in the Romans society. Romans aqueducts depict a highly complicated piece of Romans engineering. It describes a range of Romans hydraulic hi-tech skills to deliver a modest amount of water to the reservoirs supplying the baths. The Romans aqueducts are divided into three groups and the groups are mostly determined by the type of materials used in constructing them (Chanson, 2000).
The ...

Art & Architecture: Frank Lloyd Wright, Glasner House, Glencoe, 1905 (Formalist Interpretation)

The interpretation or criticism of any work gives a new insight as it needs a thorough research with external as well as internal factors. One cannot interpret architecture same as the interpretation of drawing, painting or sculpture. It needs a completely different approach. This paper is about the interpretation of a residential building Glasner House, which was built in the beginning of the 20th century. The building was a residential architecture planned and developed by creative American architect Frank Lloyd Wright. The architecture was one of the specimens of typical Prairie house. It was the symbol of the changing ...

Rhodes is the integration of refined Greek cuisine, historic sites and turquoise seas. Only 11 days spent on the Island of Roses will bring warm memories for the whole year. This period would be optimal to fully enjoy the beauty of Rhodes, visit all attractions, and get even tan. Moreover, visiting Rhodes during winter can be a richly rewarding experience. (RhodesGuide)
It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. You will see the architecture, which has been preserved from the sixth century BC. Made in the Greek-Turkish style, it surprise with its power and antiquity. Home Rhodes fortress was built ...

Introduction:

Suspsension bridges have been around for quite a long time but the first one ever built was the Britannia Bridge which has been renamed as the Menai Suspension Bridge and is a suspension bridge which begins on the island of Anglesey and connects the mainland of Wales. The bridge was designed by the famed engineer Thomas Telford and was finished in 1826. It was described as the first modern suspension bridge in the world and won several plaudits upon its completion. It was described as a brilliant piece of engineering and daring which resulted in several other bridges following ...

Built to Last: Successful Habits of Visionary Companies

Built to Last: Successful Habits of Visionary Companies
This is a report paper about the book written by James Collins and Jerry Porras entitled Built to Last. James Collins is a professor at the School of Business of Stanford University. He also engages in management research and teaches corporate leadership among executives like the Girl Scouts of America, the Marines, and John Hopkins Medical School. Collins is also the author of three other books namely Great by Choice, Good to Great, and How the Mighty Fall. Meanwhile, Jerry Porras is also a professor of organizational behavior behavior at the ...

Abstract

The Austonian is considered a remarkable achievement in the history of architectural development in the 21st century. The towering skyscraper sets a new standard of urban luxury living which made the city of Austin proud of its existence. What made Austonian unique from its neighboring counterparts? Its commitment to energy conservation, restoration of natural resources and utilization of construction materials from sustainable resources are the major factors that sets Austonian apart from all other buildings. The Austonian’s effort to restore and incorporate the Brown-Dumas blacksmith shop represents the architecture of cultural significance that recognizes Austinite’s cultural heritage. ...

Introduction

The London tower was founded in 1066 by William the conqueror. It is regarded as one of the most famous fortresses in the world. In Britain, it is a frequently visited historical and heritage site. The main reason for building the London tower was to control and protect the London city. The white Tower, which is the most outstanding feature of the London tower, was built in 1078 by William the conqueror (David 2007). The white tower has not changed much and its appearance today is the same as that of Norman period. The London tower has served different ...

The Prophet’s Mosque

Two categories describe the distinctive visual elements of Islamic art/architecture as decorated surface and structural shape. Understanding these characteristics of Islamic art/architecture proves a historical journey of the second holy mosque built next to the Prophet Muhammad’s home in Medinah in the 5th century 622 C.E. (Araffin 2005). The evolution of mosques from the humble rendering of the first erected with the Prophet’s own hands to the geometric patterned, repetitive designed, and calligraphy domed places of prayer and worship found in the Islamic world today is a testament to the faith in God of all Muslims globally. ...

Introduction

Micro living is increasingly becoming a popular trend in major cities today prompted by the need to minimize the consumption of space. This trend to a great extend is prompted by the increasing population of people in major town centers and city dwellings. The city of New York is particularly picking pace with the trend where apartment buildings are increasingly becoming smaller and smaller. The lack of space requires that several adjustments be made to maximize the space in the house. Maximization of space is done through various approaches of micro living that are ultimately meant to utilize a ...

The enigma of China is as fascinating as any other country but its charm lies in the simplicity that has grown from the lands. China is a land where numerous tribes lived for centuries, and who have grown in wisdom about its nature. Their culture, history, and architecture indicate the nearness to the environment and forests. Their architecture invites nature indoors while keeping the extremities out. Their art shows the simplicity of living and high thinking. This paper tries to explore the architectural realm of Chinese architecture and the use of walls as a reflection of their principles.

General features

Chinese ...

Henry Frick was born in West Overton, Pennsylvania in 1849 ("Henry Clay Frick"). He amassed a fortune from his coke and steel business, and he was extremely respected among 19th century industrial magnates for his business and accounting acumen. He became the head of the Carnegie Steel Company; however, after years of contention with Andrew Carnegie, Frick formed the United States Steel Corporation ("Henry Clay Frick"). Known among his contemporaries as a quiet philanthropist, a dedicated family man, and an avid art collector, Frick was not respected or well-liked by the general public. Competing business owners and working class ...

Stone circles are found around in the world, from all around the United Kingdom to Poland and Israel. The most famous set of stone circles is Stonehenge in Wiltshire, England; a town in southern England about 13 kilometres north of Salisbury. Stonehenge is a UNESCO World Heritage site and one of the most amazing puzzling sites in the world. It is a prehistoric monument believed to be built anywhere between 3000 to 2000 BC. Geologists identified the types of stones at Stonehenge as Bluestone, Sarsen, and Welsh Sandstone, which are all sedimentary rocks. The remains of the Stonehenge structure ...

Essay

How Are the Major Rivers in Africa Vital to Its Economy?
In terms of total annual runoff (4600 km3) Africa takes third place after Eurasia and South America, and by the thickness of the layer (less than 160 mm) it is inferior to all continents except Australia and Antarctica. The main watershed of the African continent passes through its most elevated eastern edge, so more than 1/3 of the runoff is in the Atlantic Ocean, only about 1/4 in the Indian Ocean, even less - in the Mediterranean Sea. About 1/3 of Africa (about 9 million km2) has no ...

Great Mosque of Damascus or the Umayyad Mosque

The Great Mosque of Damascus is located in Syria and is known to be one of the most important shrines of Islam. In fact it is probably the largest mosque in the world as well as being the oldest having been built on a site where there was a Christian church dedicated to St John the Baptist whose head is also said to be buried there.
The mosque was built in the year 634 and has undertaken several changes and modifications ever since. The tomb of the great Caliph Saladin is also located close by next to the Northern ...

Abstract

This research paper aims to explore the construction methods of the Lloyds of London. It highlights the history of this magnificent structure and also tells what ideology was followed while building it. This paper also tells us the different architectural influences that are impacted on this structure and the building materials used. Lloyds of London have become a source of inspiration for many architects who wish to incorporate convenience in their design. This paper also tells us that if such a structure was built in times today, how it would be.

Introduction

Lloyd’s Building is raised in the metropolitan ...

According to The Greek Revival Architecture in America, The Greek revival refers to the period between 1820 and 1850, when Greek Architecture was on the rise across the world. Most historians consider their as the last phase of neoclassic architecture, and it has influenced many buildings across the world. In the United States’ City of Washington D.C, the evidence of the influence of Greeks architecture is still evident. Some of the outstanding building in Washington D.C that portrays the influence of Greek Architecture includes the Lincoln Memorial and Jefferson memorial. This paper will compare and contrast two architectural sites ...

The Parthenon and the Pantheon were considered the most magnificent architectures of all time. Though they both have cultural significance in their history, there were differences as well as similarities between them in terms of construction and purpose.
The Parthenon in Athens, Greece was built by the ancient Greeks, Callicrates and Ictinus during the Athenian empire between 447 and 438 BC. The temple lies on the Acropolis of Athens and was built to honor the Greek goddess of wisdom, Athena. On the other hand, the Pantheon in Rome, Italy was constructed during the reign of Emperor Hadrian but the ...

Engineering

Boston, Massachusetts one of the oldest cities, is a busy community with high percentage of roads chocked with traffic. In order to relieve the traffic issues and to provide the residents with more parks and recreational facilities instead of roads, an ambitious project was undertaken known as the Central Artery/Tunnel Project (CA/T). The project basically encompassed on the vision of building an underground tunnel, miles below the surface, without disturbing the daily routine and holding up traffic for construction. In order to achieve this daunting task many changes had to be undertaken, which could ire the everyday commuter. The ...

One of the most controversial naval disasters back in the early 1900s is the sinking of the passenger liner RMS Titanic while on its maiden voyage from Southampton to New York. According to historians, the infamous passenger liner had a collision with an unnoticed iceberg somewhere in the southeast of Halifax. However, there have been theories pointing out that it was not the Titanic which sank. Others noted that it was done on purpose for the insurance coverage of the passenger liner. Even before the infamous sinking, the liner has already received enough doubt and criticism due to the ...

The Byzantine and Islamic Empires are closely linked together, sharing similar influences in terms of technological advancements, their political systems, and their culture.

The Byzantine and Islamic Empires

Byzantium’s capital, Constantinople, was the empire’s core. It is where the trading takes place and it played a vital role during the Golden Ages of the empire during the 9th , 10th, and 11th centuries before the capital fell from the hands of Mohammed II, the Ottoman Turkish Sultan. During its Golden Ages under the rule of Justinian, Baths, churches and water supplies were built and city planning and social services were also established. Until ...

Abstract
Poland has experienced remarkable historical events in the last100 years. The 20th century started with the creation of the Second Polish Republic (1918 – 1939), then the World War II (1939 – 1945), then the creation of the People's Republic of Poland (1945-1989), and finally the birth of the Third Polish Republic (1989-today). Within these periods, several events took place, some of which will remain in the ears of the Polish for ever. One such event is World War II, which is considered as the most devastating event in the history of Poland. I set out to investigate this event ...

[Professor’s name appears here]
[Date appears here]

Abstract
This report delves into John Fitzgerald Kennedy Airport (JFK). It provides a brief history as well as the old and new structure of the airport. As well, it gives a panoramic view of the old and the new structural features of the Airport for the future needs.

John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) Airport: An Introduction

JFK is run by the Port Authority of New York as well as New Jersey, under a charter ratified in 1947. It is amongst the leading passenger-volume airports all over the USA, as well as the busiest international air passenger entrance, managing more ...

The Cummer Museum of Art & Gardens is the reward of the civic, social, and business activities of the Cummer family. The Cummers came from a long line of lumber dealers. They started in Canada before expanding their business to Michigan, Virginia, and Florida.
Wellington Willson Cummer (1846-1909) went on to found the Cummer Lumber Company in 1896. After the death of Wellington, Arthur Cummer and Waldo Cummer, along with his son-in-law, John L. Roe, all of them had ranks in the family business inherited the company.
Nina May Holden (1875-1958) a young lady from Michigan City, Indiana married Arthur ...

(I) Introduction
A. Motivation of writing a paper on Roman aqueduct and sewage system.

B. Organizational overview of paper

C. Thesis Statement
(II) Why Sewage and Aqueduct System was required
- Why Sewage system was required.
- Why Aqueduct System was required.
(III) Sewage and Aqueduct Construction
- How Roman sewage system was built.
- How Roman aqueduct System was built.
(IV) Engineer Aspects of the System
- Water level segregation and Filtration System.
- Water Transport System.
- Water Arches and Underground water system.
- Central Sewage System
(V) Possible problems
- Lead Pollution
- Sudden degradation of water quality.
(VI) Conclusion

Roman Aqueducts and the Sewer System

Introduction
...

Ethiopia was mainly ruled by Emperors till 1974, where a military coup overthrew Emperor Haile Selassie from power. The documentary looks at some of the major sites that had been built by former emperors and their significances. One of the outstanding things in this documentary is the form of architecture and cosmopolitan-ship by the look of the buildings. In addition, different emperors are isolated, which helps in preserving culture among the Ethiopians. It is crucial to note that most emperors believe that their power was from God and that some Ethiopians fell under King Solomon’s lineage. Given that ...

MEM 695

Abstract
The purpose of this research paper is to introduce the different types of energy resources utilized worldwide. This paper discusses the history of the different resources used, starting with the utilization of conventional fossil fuel based technologies, the emergence of nuclear power and finally, the commercialization of renewable energy resources. The main objective of this research paper is to provide an insight on how these energy sources are accessed, utilized, distributed and developed. The paper also seeks to impact of the utilization of these various energy resources on the environment, especially the effect of continued utilization of conventional ...

MAYAN ARCHITECTURE: PRE-CLASSICAL PERIOD TO THE FALL

- Introduction
The Maya people were a people who flourished in Meso-America-- notably the Yucatan peninsula-- prior to the arrival of the conquistadors from Europe. The Mayan people were already in decline when the Europeans arrived, but the European invasion of the Meso-Americas was very devastating for what remained of Mayan culture. As a result of this devastation, the art and architecture of the high classical Maya was lost for a number of years; it was swallowed up by the jungle, only to be later reclaimed and studied extensively.
The Maya are often a source of fascination, as the ...

Ancient Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire, was located on the north-west of the present Turkey. It was captured by Turks of the Ottoman Empire that transformed it into Istanbul. Modern Istanbul renowned for two beautiful mosques towered up the sea. Hagia Sophia is more ancient of them. "Hagia" means "saint" translated from Greek. It was not built as a mosque.
The most beautiful church of the Byzantine Empire was built to revive the glory of Rome. Originally on the place where later built Hagia Sophia was a small temple. It burned down in 404, restored in 416 ...

Rail construction is a sequence of steps that takes laborious amounts of time in each step and finally results in a wonderful and safe system for transport for many decades to come that requires minimal maintenance over that period. The first step in the construction process is the approval for new line itself. This is typically the responsibility of the government to do it. Once a approval is given for rail connectivity between two points then the role of engineering kicks in.
The first step in the process is the alignment. Alignment is nothing but the path in which ...

ASSIGNMENT 1 – THE PYRAMIDS OF GIZA

‘Instructor’s Name’
‘Subject’
The Great Pyramids of Giza are a symbol of the magnificent construction techniques of the Ancient Egyptians. Centuries have passed, still the mystery behind how these grand monuments, which have stood tall through the test of time witnessing rise and fall of multitude of civilizations, were constructed. It is the last remaining testimony of a glorious era, and a symbol of the splendor of human engineering skills. The sheer size of the pyramids rivals any contemporary building, built using modern technology and equipments. They were constructed sometime in 2547-2524 B.C, and for a whopping 3, ...

IMC Strategies for building the iPhone 5 brand

Introduction

Today, Apple has created a nice for itself in the world of mobile phones, music and computing. Having its sharp focus on innovation and technology, coupled with the vision of the late Steve Jobs and Tim Cook, Apple has established itself as one of the most respected and trusted brands in the world. Many analysts say that the ‘i’ in its iPhone, iPod and iPad stands for innovation! It is interesting to note that Apple has never invented any new products. Whether it is an iPod or an iPhone, it just ...