Essays on Cancer Treatment

Abstract

The study of tiny particles and their applications have emerged as an important area of research in recent years. In particular, magnetic nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention due to their unique properties that make the particles useful in numerous applications. Accordingly, the present review investigates the synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles. The introduction section examines recent advances in nanotechnology and explains the significance of magnetic nanoparticles in scientific research. The section on results and discussion presents the findings of various researchers with a focus on the magnetic properties, synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles. ...

Abstract

The field of Nanoscience has evolved due to the other advancements in the other fields of study such as the Nanotechnology. While the latter is a subset of the former, there is credible evidence that points to the fact that Nanotechnology has been developed thanks to various areas such as biology, material science, engineering physics, chemistry and much more. It is the foundation on which the Magnetic Nanoparticles have been embedded. MNP is nanoparticle that has the magnetic manipulation ability. Thus, this paper focuses on the study of the Magnetic Nanoparticles especially how they are formed or synthesized and ...

Cancer is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. Every year, various types of cancer kill millions of people. The problem of cancer disease is unique because of its complexity and importance to humankind. Cancers affect all segments of the population, causing enormous damage to society. Although malignant tumors are extremely diverse and complex for the perception, the risk factors and mechanisms of development of cancer are well known enough so that it becomes possible not only to heal, but also to engage in cancer prevention. Cancer is the most difficult and dangerous disease, since it can ...

The key objective of any change project is ensuring that the original goals set have been met. As such, it is crucial that an assessment regarding the development and progress of the project is done to determine whether there are gains or failures in regards to the key agenda of the undertaking. It is worth noting that project evaluation is essential since the results produced are usually credible, timely, objective and relevant (Newcomer, Hatry & Wholey, 2015). The information collected during the assessment course is supposed to be congruent with how evaluation data was collected and analyzed. Another importance of ...

Implementation plan

The problem of cancer pain amongst oncology care patients need to be given the required attention as a way of seeing to it that such individuals are able to emerge with desirable outcomes. It is important for pain alleviation programs to be put into place to make sure that such individuals are able to manage their conditions and assists them incorporate into the society. As such, it is essential that all due processes are followed to guarantee that pain alleviation amongst cancer patients is achieved. Having in place a proper implementation program will be an important step in achieving ...

Abstract

Evidence-based practice is a major improvement component of the modern-day healthcare system. Evidence-based practice relies on patient preferences, research findings and expertise to come up with best solutions suited to deliver the care process in the most effective manner. This project seeks to implement physical exercise among patients undergoing cancer treatment as well as those who have successfully undergone cancer therapy to prevent or reduce cancer-related fatigue. A sizeable amount of evidence suggests that physical exercise helps in preventing this form of fatigue and hence enabling this class of patients enjoy a high quality of life. The successful implementation ...

Literature review

Kaasa, S. (2015). Is Cancer Pain Control Improved by a Simple WHO Pain Analgesic Ladder Approach Combined With Tumor-Directed Treatment?.Journal of Clinical Oncology, JCO647537.

Article summary

This article takes into consideration the role that the WHO analgesic ladder plays in addressing cancer pain in palliative care patients. The authors identify that cancer pain occurs in 90% of cancer patients but only half them are under proper pain management. To this effect, therefore, there is the need for applying opioids under the WHO ladder guidelines as a way of addressing cancer pain in oncology care patients.

This is a narrative qualitative research ...

This capstone project aims at addressing the problem of pain in patients that are currently receiving post treatment care after undergoing cancer treatment. The two proposed areas which will be used in addressing this issue are the application of massage therapy in comparison to the use traditional analgesics Caraceni et al., 2012). The objective of this process will be determining the most effective method of alleviating the pain in this group of patients. As such the main elements in this intervention will be in the form of a PICOT question broken down as below. P- The population to whom ...

In most healthcare settings primarily in oncology care units, the patients being taken care of here are usually faced with a myriad of treatment and post-treatment problems which compromises their state of wellbeing. The fact that these patients are under intense cancer treatment process makes them experience a lot of pain which in most cases compromises the quality of their life (Ripamonti et al., 2012). Individuals battling this condition are usually affected by the pain which is influenced by different factors like physical, emotional or environmental. These factors have been established to affect the nervous system of the body ...

In modern healthcare trends, health and technology are inseparable. Computers have formed the backbone of modern methods of treatment as well as information sources. Any health organization that does not aim at investing in offering services through technology will eventually become obsolete. The use of technology in the healthcare sector has increased the quality of healthcare as well as productivity. Technology has allowed the healthcare providers not only to operate at all times, but also reach the patients who are unable to access healthcare facilities readily.

Business Problem Statement

The number of cancer patients receiving oral chemotherapy as their basic mode of ...

The article presents the application of nuclear technologies in agriculture, medicine and industry. The numerical characteristics of the nuclear technologies in the US economy are presented. The general concepts of sterilizing medical equipment with radiation, the principles of drug testing using radioisotopes, as well as the diagnostic techniques are discussed. The therapeutic application of radiation for cancer treatment and arteria-venous malformation are described. In agriculture, radiation is applied for higher crop production, to improve animal health, and eradicate the pests. The industrial application of radiation are process control, plant diagnostics, material development and testing (Waltar, 2003). The article opens ...

Abstract

The uses of radiation revolutionized medicine when experimentation on its potential applications begun. X-Ray technology, discovered by Wilhem Roentgen, is currently used as a common tool for diagnostics; Henri Becquerel, Marie Curie and Pierre Curie dedicated themselves to further investigations in the field, discovering additional radioactive materials (polonium and radium); radiation therapy is a popular treatment for cancer. This paper analyzes the historical background behind these two applications of radiation in the medical field. Moreover, the different types of radiotherapy are described (external-beam radiation therapy, internal radiation therapy). The concept of radiation homeostasis, which is the notion that low-dose ...

Tanya Cagnetti:

CANCER With the advancements in modernisation, many diseases have crept in into the human population. A good number of them are due to factors like sedentary lifestyle habits, improper dietary habits and a fast paced life. The hectic life nowadays leaves no time for the people to focus on their health. This leads to the development of numerous health issues which make the people suffer gravely in the long run. Some of these diseases may even prove to be fatal. One such disease is Cancer. It is a disease that can affect almost any part of the body and ...

According to the NHS complementary therapies, also referred to as complementary and alternative medicine, CAM, are interventions against ailments that do not fall under mainstream medicine. However, NHS purports that there is a difference between ‘complementary’ and ‘alternative’ therapies, although the terms are always used together. The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, NCCIH, gives a distinction between the two terms. A therapy is referred to as complementary when it is used alongside conventional medicine. Alternative therapy replaces conventional treatment, becoming the main intervention for a patient. This paper will focus on complementary therapies and how they impact ...

What nursing interventions are appropriate for Mrs. J. at the time of her admission? Drug therapy is started for Mrs. J. to control her symptoms. What is the rationale for the administration of each of the following medications? 1.IV furosemide (Lasix) 2.Enalapril (Vasotec) 3.Metoprolol (Lopressor) 4.IV morphine sulphate (Morphine) Lasix is used to reduce fluid retention that occurs as a side effect of heart failure. It is additionally used to treat hypertension and lessen effect such as the shortness of breath, swelling of limbs and the abdomen. It is used as an IV to treat the immediate consequences of ...

Introduction

Should a drug that has been considered illegal for many years due to its negative effects be legalized? This is the question that so many American citizens and legislators seek to answer when discussing marijuana. Cannabis, which is marijuana’s botanical name, was first obtained from the Indian hemp plant over 2000 years ago. Although the drug has more than 400 chemicals, THC is the main ingredient that alters the mind. The level of THC in hemp plant determines how strong the drug would be. As a result, growers of the hemp plant adopted artificial techniques to increase the ...

Introduction

The occurrence of breast cancer in Asian women is very frequent due to multiple reasons. It has been reported that breast cancer is a very common disease, and almost 14.3% of women suffer from it. Asian women who suffer from this disease go through many psychological and physical problems during the treatment. The rate of breast cancer among Asian women is increasing day by day, which has led to various concerns about the healthy future and well-being the women in this population. Breast cancer is a disease which is also affecting racial and ethnic communities in the US. Different ...

Major Achievements in Biology

Researchers and scientists are always intrigued by biological processes and activities, and strive to utilize them for benefit of mankind. Antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies, vaccines and several therapeutic agents, high yielding as well as disease tolerant plants and animals are all results of extensive research in the fields of cell and molecular biology, immunology, biotechnology and genetic engineering. Treatment to several diseases, even genetic disorders are available today only due to breakthrough discoveries in biology. Three such important discoveries are revelation of structure of ribosomes through X-ray crystallography, identification of tumor specific antigens (TSA) expressed on the surface of cancer ...

The prevalence of breast cancer in the world has prompted various research efforts in an attempt to understand the illness. The devastating result of its development as witnessed in increased mortality has motivated the development of new diagnostic and treatment approaches to be adopted to reduce its prevalence (Lenk, 2009). For this reason, various researchers have focused their studies on how to treat this deadly ailment. Some of these researchers are Gabriel Hortobagyi and Alastair Wood. This paper will carry out a qualitative analysis and critique of their work on the treatment of breast cancer.

Problem Statement

The clinical problem of ...

Introduction

Studies relating to lung cancer treatment can save lives and make the lives of cancer patients more comfortable besides increasing the quality of life. According to Lardinois et al., (2003), there are three primary types of lung cancer; they include non-small cell, small cell, and carcinoid lung cancer. Statistically, non-small cell lung cancer, for example, Squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma account for the highest occurrences of all lung cancers to a tune of 85% [1]. It has been established that both environmental and genetic factors do contribute to lung cancer significantly. Continued exposure to carcinogens, ionizing ...

Introduction

Research in lung cancer treatment can save lives and improve a patient’s quality of life. There are three main types of lung cancer: Non-small cell, small cell, and lung carcinoid cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer, such as Squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma make up about 85% of all lung cancers (Molina, Yang, Cassivi, Schild, & Adjei, 2008). Both environmental and genetic factors are significant in the cause of lung cancer. Chronic exposure to carcinogens, ionizing radiation, and viral infections can lead to alterations of the DNA in tissue lining the bronchial epithelium of the lungs. Furthermore, ...

Infection in cancer patient with febrile neutropenia: epidemiology, microbiology and management

Abstract Febrile neutropenia (FN) is characterised by a decrease in neutrophils number to values below 500 cells/ mm3 and an occurrence of fever higher or similar to 38.3ºC. It commonly occurs in cancer patients as a result of chemotherapy regimens. Chemotherapy destroys carcinogenic cells but also attacks in many cases some normal cells including essential elements of the immune system. Fever is one of the characteristic symptoms of FN and is usually associated with the presence of an infection caused by various microorganisms. Bacteria, including Gram-positive isolates (currently dominating) and Gram-negative species (dominant in the 1970s), are usually ...

Abstract

Testicular cancer is a type of cancer that directly involves the main male reproductive organ, the testes. The testes are basically a loose sack of skin and flesh located below the penis. Testicular cancer is a rare form of cancer only accounting for between 1% and 3% of the total number of cancer cases in the male population in western countries. It is also one of the most curable forms of cancer. Nonetheless, it is still a condition worth reviewing. The research question in this paper asks whether survivors of testicular cancer indeed suffer from a testicular cancer-related comorbidity ...

Introduction

The total number of patients with cancer keeps soaring globally with around 14 million cases diagnosed by 2014. Each year, about 8 million people die of cancer-related illnesses globally. There are quite some remedies that have been proposed to mitigate in the cancer menace. This study is focused on cancer treatment by curcumin through tyrosine kinase inhibition. Curcumin is the primary coloring agent found in turmeric, a tuber of the herb Curcuma longa Lin. It has widespread use as a flavoring agent (Aggarwal and Bokyung 87). It is also well known for its medicinal value commonly used to suppress ...

Breast cancer is a kind of cancer developing from breast cells. It involves abnormal breast cells growth and, in serious stages, can invade into other parts of the body (World Health Organization 1). The majority of breast cancer cases occur in women, however men can have breast cancer as well. National Cancer Institute reports that 232 340 female breast cancers and 2 240 male breast cancers occur in the USA each year, as well as 39 620 people die from this disease annually (Nordqvist 1). Breast cancer is more common in the developed countries. As for more statistics, in ...

ABSTRACT

This article aims at illustrating the two types and effects of the cancer treatment techniques. Several methods are discussed and analyzed by defining them and showing their impacts on the patient. The article goes further to compare and contrasts the various methods that have been put in practice to treat cancer in an effort to determine the best. Radiotherapy alone, radiotherapy with chemotherapy, 3D CRT and IMRT are some of the discussed techniques in the article. Data was collected among the cancer sick patients who underwent different treatments. The patients were put under different conditions in regard to treatment ...

The human population has had lengthy struggles trying to understand cancer. It has baffled many as it represents itself in numerous forms, and its features are exceedingly varied. Cancer requires specialist aggressive prognoses, innovative approach to its management, and early and fast response to it treatment. All these have dire economic implications to patients and their families. It is possible that a single type of cancer may behave entirely different in two patients presenting the likelihood of two types of diseases (Mukheerjee, 2010, p.1). There is no uniform theory regarding cancer that gives the common characteristics of various types of ...

1.A. Penicillins are β-lactam antibiotics in structure. The remodeling process takes place in the bacterial cell walls due to the presence of a layer called peptidoglycan layer, which includes the breakdown of β-(1,4) linked N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine and cross-linking peptide chains . Cross-linking peptide chains provide rigidity to the fluid cell wall. Transpeptidase, an enzyme used in the breaking of peptide chains also reforms the peptide bonds after the restructuring of the cell wall. The penicillin inhibits the enzyme transpeptidase, which prevents the peptide bonds from reforming. Thus, penicillin makes the cell walls weaker, which results ...

For a female undergoing treatment for breast cancer, maintaining a healthy breast cancer diet is paramount. This is because during this time, the body works hard in fighting the illness as well as repairing healthy cells that could be have been damaged by radiation treatments and chemotherapy. As such, good nutrition keeps a woman strong, helps the body in rebuilding tissue and helps the body in dealing with the treatment’s side effects. It is important that a woman with breast cancer eat a variety of foods.

These include fruits, breads and grains, vegetables and dairy products. High-protein foods such as fish, chicken or beans ...

Based on research findings, the leading disease and apparently the cause of deaths in United States health care system has been established to be heart disease (cardiovascular disease), heart disease is responsible for about 28.5 % of all the deaths in the United States (Meyer, 2013). These results concur with the prevalence of heart disease in New York. Apart from cardiovascular disease, another prevalent and apparently the second cause of deaths in New York State is cancer (Barker, 2013). This disease has several risk factors associated with it that includes an individual’s lifestyle, genetic makeup, and the environmental ...

In Knockout, Suzanne Somers interviews a number of doctors who have very specific ideas on cancer treatment and prevention – namely, that radiation, chemotherapy, and mammography do not work, and can actually cause more harm than good. They then proceed to offer their own alternatives, usually from their own field of medicine, which they claim are much better solutions for preventing and treating cancer. Somers then goes on to detail her own experiences working with doctors in the face of a misdiagnosis of cancer, and how that led her to seek alternative treatments and preventative measures. Upon reading this book, I ...

BIOL 398J

[University’s name]

QUESTION 1:

Michael is a hypertensive adult with obesity as an additional risk factor that could contribute to the occurrence of a cardiovascular event. While his choice of personal diet may not be limited, it may be more constrained when eating out with others, since their tastes and preferences will indeed vary. The ideal diet for an individual in Michael’s position would be high in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, high-fiber foods and low-fat dairy products. It should also contain low levels of sodium, saturated fats and trans fats. Fortunately, the American National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute recommends ...

Introduction

There are conditions in which medical treatment is provided either forcefully or without informed consent. There are plenty of such incidents arising with patients suffering from personality disorders, dementia and even with cancer treatment for non-consenting minors. There are some fundamental questions that arise regarding the existing law. A minor, who has little understanding and intelligence about the cancer treatment, cannot comprehend fully as to what is involved in their treatment. Anyone aged 16-17 is supposed to be deciding the consent for their treatment. There was a case of a child patient who was severely mentally and physically disabled child, ...

Health Care

Health Care Expenditures Attributable to Smoking In the United States alone, there are about 440,000 individuals who die annually of smoking related diseases (Pubmed). According to the U.S Department of Health and Human Services, recent studies linked cigarette smoking to a numerous other diseases to include abdominal aortic aneurysm, acute myeloid leukemia, cataract, cervical cancer, kidney cancer, pancreatic cancer, pneumonia, periodontitis, and stomach cancer. “These are in addition to diseases previously known to be caused by smoking, including bladder, esophageal, laryngeal, lung, oral, and throat cancers, chronic lung diseases, coronary heat and cardiovascular diseases, as well as reproductive ...

Music and its association with the medical field

There is a substantial amount of evidence based on the therapeutic benefits of music, some of the evidence dating back thousands of years ago. Many civilizations such as India, China, Egypt, Greece, and Rome have documented the role of music in the medical field. It was during World War I and II where the first ever clinical setting based on music therapy was conducted. The study was based on the therapeutic effect of music in soldiers to relieve pain after trauma from war-based injuries. These studies led to the foundation of music therapy in different fields of the medical world. ( ...

- Chapter 8: Understanding Role of Policy in Promoting System Change. The chapter discusses the role that policy plays in promoting system, change. It identifies that there has been an increase in private and public policy bodies using their power to influence the quality agenda for healthcare services. It also discusses the role that quality oversight agencies play in and also explains the national policy initiatives that are applied targeting system change. The initiatives identified include the quality reporting, transparency initiatives as well as incentives. The chapter also discusses the redesigning of the Joint Commission’s approach. That ...

Abstract

The primary aim of anticancer therapies is to induce the death of tumor cells. Cisplatin has done a good job in achieving this aim, which explains why it is the most commonly used adjuvant therapy of cancers. However, the success of applying CDDP and any other platinum compounds for cancer chemotherapy depends enormously on the ability to manage its side effects. This paper reviews the studies and literatures on cisplatin and some other similar platinum compounds. It presents its history and background, chemistry, mechanism of activity, as well as the side effects.

Introduction

The cisplatin has been described as a tiny little ...

God has created all creatures. It is amazing to discover that each creature is unique in its own sense and does not resemble the other creature completely. The various creatures on earth, including plants and animals differ greatly from each other on the basis of their outer morphology and inner anatomy. Humans are considered the most intelligent creatures on earth and they utilize animals extensively for research and development of inventions that may benefit the mankind in the future. It is estimated that nearly 26 million animals are used everyday for scientific and commercial testing in the USA . ...

Introduction

Cancer is an uncontrolled growth or spread of abnormal cells in a human body; it is not a single disease, and it has a group of 200 different diseases . It means that cancers are similar in some ways; however, every type of cancer differs in the way of its growth or how it multiplies. Since cancer is not a single disease, it consists of many different types of cancer that could start in different parts of the body. Cancers differ in types that share one characteristic that is, unchecked growth and progress to a limitless expansion or increase. For example, it could start in ...

Cancer denotes an abnormal growth of cells, as a result of, changes in gene expressions following deregulated cell division and death (Ruddon, 2007). Consequently, this produces a population of cells that invade tissues and metastasizes to other sites, and if untreated, it causes significant morbidity and/or death of the affected person (Ruddon, 2007). In essence, cancer stems from alterations in the expression of certain genes; this phenomenon deregulates the cellular program for cell division and differentiation. In the long run, cell division, as well as cell death, become unregulated leading to the growth of tumor cells. The events that trigger ...

Nurses must uphold patient confidentiality at all times except in cases when withholding protected information would result in the patient’s death or cause severe harm to other people. The patient’s welfare is the priority of health care providers. Nurses are mandated by their Professional Code of Ethics to provide the highest standards of health care service. Their work entails immediate and direct contact with patients and they are expected to protect patients’ rights. Since their job entails access to and collection of sensitive personal information, a nurse “holds in confidence personal information and uses judgment in sharing this ...

Given the objective to determine how HPV infected adolescent females are affected by the perception of clinicians on cancer treatment options, research survey questions have been designed for the qualitative part of the study. These research questions were aligned to the hypothesis that radiation and chemotherapy are among the best options to treat females who are infected with HPV. Factors such as level of understanding about HPV and its relation to sexual activities along with those that influence the decision of clinicians regarding treatment options of infected adolescent females and how the health of adolescent females are compromised based ...

Human health is vital for human survival; a health care system forms a core system in any nation. There are different units within the health care system, which can also be referred to as sub-sections, which need to be operational for the health care system to be successful. A hospital is a subsection of a national health care system, and it has different departments, which can be analyzed as separate systems, however for the entire system to operate smoothly all the departments have to work in cooperation. Different stakeholders such as doctors and the government play a leading role to ensure health care system ...

Technology has led to efficiency in the health care industry. This technology continues to expand due to high investment in research and development in health care. As the technology improves, so will there be more job opportunities for practitioners. New careers will materialize as people handle technology in affecting the health care (Fett, 2006). Technology has given a major boost in quickly gathering medical records since they can rely on the computer system. The computer system enables the review of patients’ records and scheduling of appointments as well as administration of treatment. There have been significant innovations in the field ...

Rhetorical analysis on cannabis in cancer reatment

Cannabis in cancer treatment Effectiveness of cannabis as a treatment of cancer as well its legalization has been in the focus of attention of international society for some time. While the United States, the Netherlands and a number of other countries have gathered through empirical studies significant evidence of the positive effect of marijuana as cancer treatment, new international players, such as Uruguai emerge on international arena as supporters of legalization of cannabis circulation on internal market as the way to take control over its usage and benefits for human health. At the same time, Asian countries have been using ...

One of the current disease epidemics of the 21st century is cancer. Cancer has grown to worrying levels, and it has led to huge loss of lives. Currently, cancer is the leading disease causing loss of lives in America and other countries. The effects of the cancer epidemic not only affect individuals, but their relevant countries as a whole. For instance, in the USA the economical cost of cancer has continuously increased over the past few years. The thesis of my essay is the economic effects of cancer. This is in relation to the country’s economy as a whole, ...

Health care management is considered as a vital component in clinical settings. With the growing needs and demands of patients, appropriate strategies need implementation by the health care professionals. Patients who present severe life threatening conditions appear in need of great support. Here, the ultimate goal is to promote an improved patient outcome and quality of life (QOL). This task could rely on the skill and professional expertise of caregivers especially, nurses. Nurses have great potential in caring patients. They could incorporate special patient tailored strategies to improve outcomes. This description focuses on ‘nursing interventions to promote patient outcomes’. ...

- Introduction Whilst there have been many space missions – the majority either under the auspices of the National Science and Aeronautics Administration (NASA), or the European Space Agency (ESA) or the Russian Aviation and Space Agency – famously including manned landings on the moon (NASA), the most successful mission of all time in terms of space travel must surely be the creation, construction and the successful continued existence and operation of the international Space Station (ISS). A key purpose of the ISS has been to evaluate the effects on humans of lengthy exposure to conditions in space – an essential ...

Facilitator:

The Diagnosis and Staging of Cancer Recent years have witnessed increased cases of cancer complications especially among young people. Although the most and least expensive strategy for curing cancer is yet to be discovered, adoption of reliable means of reducing the pain associated with this complication is critical in facilitating the survival of the victim. Getting the most accurate facts on the impacts of cancer complication on individual physical health is the first and most essential step toward determining the most effective intervention and treatment method. Effective diagnosis of cancer requires incorporation of knowledge and competence from various ...

Largely, due to its regulatory framework, cottage-industry structure and dysfunctional compensation, the healthcare sector has dejectedly underinvested in ICT. Without these essential tools and technologies, many healthcare providers do not have the capacity to transform the expanding stream of therapeutic and diagnostic advances in medical science into affordable and high quality healthcare especially in the care of the chronically ill. Technologies that enable predictable effective therapy and precise diagnosis are those that have the capacity and full potential to transform healthcare through disruption. Christensen argues that there are two key technological enablers of disruptive innovation in healthcare. One ...

Comparison and Contrast of mitosis and meiosis

One of the most essential processes that occur in living cells is cell division. This is the process in which a primary cells producer new cells by dividing into two or more parts. Cell division in living organisms usually occurs in two different ways: meiosis and mitosis. In the 9th edition of Biology: Life on Earth by Gerald Audesirk, Theresa Audesirk and Bruce E. Byers, meiosis is defined as a kind of cell division where a diploid nucleus essentially divides twice to give rise to four haploid nuclei. Each of the four haploid nuclei contains half of the number of chromosomes ...

Breast cancer is harmful to women and men, can lead to the loss of a breast or can be fatal. Breast cancer refers to a type of cancer that originates from the tissues of the breast especially the inner lining of the milk duct or lobules that are involved in the supply of milk to the ducts (Sariego). Breast cancer just like the other cancers takes place through an interaction between environmental factors and the host who is genetically susceptible. Normal cells usually become cancerous after losing their ability to stop the division process. Breast cancer is divided into two main ...

The legalization of marijuana has been a very controversial case for decades, with strong arguments on either side. For most of the 20th century and beyond, it has been illegal in the United States and other countries, turning its sale and usage into a vast underground market that has gone untapped by any professional outlet. Some say that it is a harmful, addictive drug that leads to health detriments down the line for those who use it. However, there are others who claim that it is perfectly safe, not addictive, and could be an incredible source of relief and treatment for those suffering ...

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is an initiative in medicine that falls under the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM, 2013). The role of NCCAM is to identify complementary and alternative medicine practices using laborious scientific approaches and develop an evidence base that outlines the safety and effectiveness of such practices (Lubkin, 2012).

Alternative Medicine

According to the NCCAM website (2013), alternative medicine refers to medicine, which has been developed using a non-mainstream approach instead of using conventional medicine. For instance, the use of special diets to treat cancer, as opposed to going through chemotherapy or surgery is a form of ...

Targeted therapies that include small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies have considerably altered the cancer treatment over the past several years. These drugs are currently a part of therapy for several widespread malignancies, including colorectal, breast, pancreatic, and lung cancers, as well as leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma. The action mechanisms, as well as toxicities of targeted therapies, are different from the action mechanisms of traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy. Targeted therapies are usually better endured than traditional chemotherapy, although they are linked to a number of unfavorable effects, like cardiac dysfunction, acneiform rash, proteinuria, thrombosis, and hypertension. Small molecule inhibitors are acted ...

Receiving a cancer diagnosis can be an incredibly devastating thing, not only for the person who has received the diagnosis, but also for the family of the person who has received the diagnosis. Many people overlook the effect that cancer can have on the family of the affected individual, but at the end of the day, having a loved one living with limited time can be very detrimental to the mental health of the individuals within the family group. Children and intimate partners are often affected the most by a cancer diagnosis, but they often also feel as though they must remain strong ...

Method of obtaining necessary approval

The plan needs support and high levels of corporation from everyone in the organization. Therefore, there are numerous ways i can use to obtain the necessary support from the managers and fellow staff Members. Some of the methods that can be used to gain their support and total commitment to the project include writing a rough draft on the proposed project and then presenting it to the management in an effort to get their support. This will help in gaining and bringing it to their attention the need to undertake the projects. The other methods that can be used is doing ...

Approach to cancer care

Introduction Cancer is a group of diseases that are characterized by unregulated cellular growth. The uncontrolled cellular division leads to malignant tumors that invade and destroy surrounding organs and tissues. It may eventually spread to other far parts of the body from where it started through the bloodstream and the lymphatic system. Basically, there are three forms of cancer depending on the affected body parts: carcinomas (surface tissues such as the breast), sarcomas (soft tissue or bone) and lymphomas that affect the bone marrow or the lymph nodes (Pories, 2009). The disease accounts for 25% of total mortality annually ...

Marketing: Strategic Innovation in Globally Diverse Markets

Abstract BrainLAB is one of the global medical device companies that aim to provide its customers; hospitals and clinicians, with products that could enhance the efficiency of the treatments. The company enjoys a diversified workforce aimed to enhance the performance of the company by providing innovative and creative designs to meet the requirement of the customers. BrainLAB operates in a competitive medical industry and currently employs 1070 people from different background and gender. The overall medical device and technology industry is growing and rapid pace thus providing the company with different opportunities. The company has to come up with effective ...

The play, Wit, by Margaret Edson, tells the story of Professor Vivian Bearing. The play opens with a monologue by Vivian in which she shares with the audience that she has been diagnosed with stage four ovarian cancer, and that she will be dead by the end of the play. The following scenes explore Vivian’s past as well as her present. She offers commentary throughout the play, as she becomes the narrator of her own life, and ultimately, her own death. Through this commentary, we as an audience are allowed to witness Vivian’s personality. We learn what she ...