Essays on Non-Discrimination

Introduction

The Civil Right Restoration Act of 1987, also known as Groove City Bill, is a US bill, which dealt with governing of the federal money in the institutions in order to guarantee the execution of civil rights (Safransky, 2017). Its main task was to bring non-discrimination laws back into action. On February 1987, Senator Kennedy introduced the ‘Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987’ (Lewis & Dale, 1988). The act was one of the most important legislative documents at that time. Its significance can be compared to the 1972 Amendments. The Act deals with three federal laws. They are the Title ...

Judicial Activism of the Court of Justice of the European Union

Since the ECJ handed down the 2005 Mangold v. Helm case, there have been several criticisms provided by different scholars of the decisions it made and what they believed had various consequences for the European Union law. Essentially, the decisions made by the court involved several queries, but the main one was applicability of European Union age‐based anti‐discrimination law in situations involving the fixed‐term employment contracts. The contracts were founded on the law that permitted the fixed‐term contract with no demands for the objective reasons that justified the limitations of the employment period past the ...

INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY

Introduction Objective of discussion The aim of this essay is to critically review the reliability of the legal registration and protection system as it relates to protection of innovation ideas. The essay will specifically discuss about national and international protection system. Innovation as per Thumm (2013) is basically developing a new idea and putting it into practice. May (2013) states that it is crucial to restrict and protect innovations so as to develop a unique new value to customers. Innovations are protected by the legal registration and protection system. However, a number of innovations have failed to receive a ...

Executive summary

The National Bank of Canada has its headquarters in Montreal, and it is Canada’s sixth largest bank. It was started on 4th May 1859 by the francophone business people in Banque and Ontario. The bank has 2.4 million personal clients and most of its branches in the Canadian provinces. It has many representative offices partnerships and subsidiaries in other countries where it serves both non-Canadian and Canadian customers. The bank’s management structure consists of the board of directors and the office of the president. The bank is upholding a proper governance system and appropriate ethical strategies to ...

In the U.S. equal treatment and non-discrimination are ensured via a range of laws and institutions. The U.S. Equal Opportunity Commission (EEOC) was established as a federal agency in accordance with the Executive Order 10925 of 1961 and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (EEOC, 2016). The major aim of the EEOC is to investigate individuals’ complaints regarding race, nationality, colour, age, gender etc(Shaman, 1971, p.332).. The functioning of the EEOC is a crucial anti-discrimination tool, because it helps to remedy victims of discrimination and prevents new discrimination cases (via the application of punitive damages)(Shaman, 1971, ...

Establishment of BRICS was one of the most significant political events of the beginning of the XXI century. BRICS is a group of five fast-developing countries: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The organization was founded in June 2006 during the St. Petersburg`s Economic Forum with the participation of the Ministers of Economy of Brazil, Russia, India and China. Before the inclusion of South Africa in 2010, the organization was known as BRIC. For the first time the acronym BRIC was proposed by Jim O'Neill Goldman Sachs`s Bank analyst in November 2001. The sequence of letters ...

Following the guidelines of the course ID guidelinesStudent’s NameUniversity

Human Resource Management in an industry which is centered on its consumers or customers is focused on the people dimension of the organization. For achieving the objectives and the goals of the organization, Human Resource Management has to perform certain functions. Typically it has been stated that for the purpose of achievement of the objectives of the organization, one must establish a proper relationship between the functions of the organization and the organizational goals and objectives. This section of the essay shall be focusing on the human resource functions which are considered to be primary actions on the part ...

Business Plan

Business Plan

1-Executive Summary

Importers ltd is a proposed Canadian based company that intends to fill the market niche that exists between international students who would wish to pursue their tertiary education in Canada and the various universities available in Canada. At a figure of 98 universities spread over 8 provinces, Canada offers opportunities to international students to pursue various university programs (Parrish & Foxon, 2006). However currently, information provided at the various universities’ website is not adequate as it does not handle issues like conversion of the various grading system to compare them with the Canadian grading system. Some universities have ...

Introduction

Education is essential in fostering cognitive and moral developments in a learner. In fact, Churchill (103) argues that learning institutions ought to base their curriculum on the betterment of student’s knowledge by fostering ethical values such as equality, fairness, lack of discrimination and respect for culture. However, residential schools threatened the development of this conservative ideology through the establishments of their education systems. They fostered not only cultural discrimination but also student abuse. According to the Canadian Journal of Nursing Research, the establishment of these institutions was based on two core objectives, which included the isolation of young ...

"Race, Employment Discrimination, and State Complicity in Wartime Canada, 1939-1945" offers an in-depth overview of Canada's racial and employment discriminations during the WW II period. The article is authored by Carmela Patrias. She illustrates how employers during the period discriminated against minorities on account of their foreign names, language, religion, and color irrespective of their qualifications and the severe labor shortage experienced at the time (Patrias, 2007). The classification of the minorities was implicitly aided by the Canadian state through its census. Ultimately, this classification had the effect of allowing Anglo-Canadians to discriminate against the minorities. That occurred despite ...

Article Summary on the Impacts of the Americans with Disabilities Act on Organizations in the Context of Employment Law

Article Summary on the Impacts of the Americans with Disabilities Act on Organizations in the Context of Employment Law

Introduction

This paper summarizes a journal article by Scott Burris and Kathryn Moss based on the effects that the Americans with Disabilities Act has had on organizations and how this helps in understanding non-discrimination principle under employment law. Article Citation: Burris, S., & Moss, K. (2007). The employment discrimination provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act: Implementation and Impact. Hofstra Labor and Employment Law Journal, 25 (1), 1-32

Summary

This article by Scott Burris and Kathryn Moss gives a summary of the existing ...

As debates continues concerning gun laws and the amount of violence in the United States, many citizens have voiced increasing concerns about personal safety and the amount of force that is considered to be justifiable when faced with threats of violence or death. As a result, Stand Your Ground laws have been enacted in many states to establish the legal boundaries the rights afforded to individuals to protect themselves from imminent threats. The legalities provided by the Stand Your Ground laws gives pause to reflect on are laws of this nature necessary in this ever-changing world or do these laws ...

The non-discrimination policy of an organization particularly if embodied in the workers handbook acts as a safeguard in the event of the company being sued for discrimination. A company’s non-discrimination policy minimizes its liability in case of a lawsuit since it’s a prove that it has put in place policies and procedures that rapidly and sufficiently address complaints by employees or even reports of discrimination in the work place. This makes the company not to appear negligent in the eyes of the law. The principal law governing workplace health and safety is administered by Occupational Safety and Health (OSHA) ...

Introduction

Open source contribution in Information Technology refers mainly to software products where the developers of such software avail the software product together with its source code so as to allow the end users, organizations or even sellers to modify the software to suit their own customization. For software to be considered open source, it must meet the following criteria: - Unrestricted redeployment: the software license should allow vendors to sell or freely redistribute the software as a package with code combined from different sources. The license should not demand royalty or a fee of any kind from the sale of ...

Introduction

The principal of equality explains that men are equal in moral, legal, political and social perspective. Morally it means that people have equal worth or value while legally all people are subject to the same laws. On the other hand, political equality means that people have an equal voice when electing leaders and passing laws in one’s own country. Lastly, social equality means that people have equal access to the things that make life decent. Human rights state that human beings are equal in all ways regardless of their ethnicity, intelligence, sexual orientation, sex, color and racial differences. ...

Non-discrimination in employment is considered one of the more contentious issues in employment law in the United States today. Because discrimination is difficult to define and even more difficult to regulate, designing and implementing effective legislation regarding discrimination in employment situations has been difficult, although a number of attempts have been made over the years. The problems in non-discrimination in employment are reflective of two unique and opposing forces within American culture: the first is the fierce American trust in the free market, and the second is the traditional protections that the American government has made attempts to ensure that ...

Social and Cultural Diversity Paper

I. Introduction I.1 Introduction This first part of “Social and Cultural Diversity Paper” is focused on the author’s reflections upon discrimination, cultural diversity and it also explores his own biases, from the perspective that these might become challenges in practicing therapy. This first part of the paper also presents definitions about cultural diversity and discrimination, which will be further developed in the following parts of the paper. I.1 Definition of Cultural Diversity The concept of cultural diversity indicates specificities of different cultures of the world that represent the uniqueness of certain populations. It implies ...

Introduction

Political equality, as an ideal concept and as a practical recourse in politics or governance, is one of the cornerstones of democracy. This paper will explore the self evident and abstracted concept of political equality in the light of its practice in a democratic political system. It will be argued that political equality is an ideal and normative political concept which is not absolutely being realized. Hence, this argument shall be centered on the definition of political equality in terms of political participation. The paper shall define political equality in terms of how the constituents are able to represent their ...