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Lab Experiment #4: Fundamentals of Electric Circuits

Goals The main objective of this laboratory practice is to gain understanding on the basic laws that describe electric circuits and their application.

Background and Theory

Ohm’s Law. According to Alexander and Sadiku (2013), “Ohm’s Law states that the voltage v across a resistor is directly proportional to the current i flowing through the resistor” (p. 31). The constant of proportionality is the element’s resistance, R, which depends on several factors that will not be analyzed in this report. The equation for Ohm’s Law is then: v=iR (where v: voltage, i: current and R: resistance). The units for ...

Kirchhoff’s Laws are fundamental in the analysis of electrical and electronic circuits. They describe the behavior of linear circuits accurately, and work well with approximations in other types of systems as well, making them extremely useful (“Electrical Principles”, 2013). Further, they are more popular and widely used than Maxwell’s equations, from which they can be derived. This is because Maxwell’s equations are very complex and involve brute Mathematics to solve even simple circuits, while the Kirchhoff’s laws are relatively much easier to use in most cases.

There are two laws which were given by Kirchhoff:

1) Kirchhoff’s Current law (KCL) 2) Kirchhoff’ ...