Essays on Experiment

This experiment is majorly concerned with investigating on whether or not reducing the fibre and rouphage has a role in preventing the occurrence of certain diseases. In this experiment, subjects were subject to a normal diet for sometime then an additional 16g of wheat bran used to supplement the normal diet each day for a period of 28 days and results noted. It was found that the weight of stool increased whereas the intestinal transit time did not change. On the other hand, bile did not also change but was diluted.

Summary

In an experimental study of the bowel function

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(City, State)

Abstract

Reactions taking place in a biological system are usually catalyzed by enzymes. One of these enzymes is the cellobiase, which is works to degrade cellobiose into glucose monosaccharides. Just like any other enzyme, cellobiase works under very specific conditions and alteration of these factors may result in a reduction, in its activity. The experiment was done with an aim of studying the cellobiase in terms of its reaction rate and how factors such as temperature, pH concentration of enzyme and the substrate affect the rate of cellobiase activity. It was determined that cellobiase has an initial rate

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Falling Ball Viscometer

Objective:
Purpose of the Falling Ball Viscometer experiment was to measure the viscosity of glycerin or glycerol by using falling ball viscometer technique.

Background:

When a body falls in a liquid under the force of gravity, it accelerates until weight of the body is balanced by the buoyancy force and drag force. Terminal velocity is gained by the body at this point. Viscosity of the liquid can be evaluated by measuring this terminal velocity of the body in the liquid.
In this experiment a steel sphere was allowed to fall in glycerol and dynamic viscosity of glycerol was measured by

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Introduction:

As with all living things, fish need oxygen in order to live. Fish have specialized organs called gills that are used to extract dissolved oxygen from water. In order to be able to extract the oxygen from water fish take in water through their mouths. This water is then forced into the gills. Gills are rich in blood vessels and have very thin walls. As the water passes through them, oxygen in the water is transferred through the thin walls to the blood stream. This oxygen is then transferred to cells.

Purpose:

The purpose of the experiment is to determine

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Article Analysis

The article can be seen to focus on the effects of bone derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells that have been known to be highly controversial with their effects being adverse in some patients. In the article, they are focusing on testing on the hypothesis that Mesenchymal Stem Cells through mechanisms consisting of trilineage differentiation and long term engraftment regenerate the chronically infarcted myocardium. The article analysis these effects on different specimens hence coming with a conclusion in the end as to whether their hypothesis is correct or biased in some way.
It can be noted that the research needed to

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The Class Name

The 26th of April this year will be marked as the twenty-eighth anniversary of a disaster of a worldwide scale. So much time has passed after it and we still remember that fear of a nightmare of such a nuclear disaster that has changed millions of lives during a couple of days and it changed the nature itself, as well. The topic of our research is the Chernobyl Catastrophe (or “Chernobylska Katastropha” in Ukrainian); we`re going to describe its causes and consequences, the governmental meanings about it and how it changed the territory of Ukraine and the countries

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CONTROLLING EXTRANEOUS VARIABLES

CONTROLLING EXTRANEOUS VARIABLES

Dependent variable is the variable that is measured by the experimenter.

Extraneous Variable is a variable that is not an independent variable in a study but has an effect on the dependent variable. There are two types namely:
- Situation variable: This involves the environmental aspect of the study such as noise, presence of others and physical characteristics of the environment like rain and temperature.
- Participant variables: This refers to variations between participants’ characteristics such as mood, expectations, intelligence among others.
Extraneous variables must be controlled to ensure that the changes observed in dependent variables are due to the changes in independent variable.

Controlling for Extraneous Variables

The techniques for

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Violence Caused by Video games

Violence Caused by Video games

In the case study the verdict is against the video game company. The jury says that violence shown in the video games is very much dangerous and it can instigate children to react in a violent manner.
Thus, the scientific study of the harmful effects of watching violence on video game and aggressive behavior has now grown to be conceptualized it as an important risk factor understanding this, as a set of conditions in the individual or in the environment that produce an increase in the probability of developing a particular problem as in

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1. Inverted as magnification is negative.
2. Real Image as it can be projected on a screen.
3. Two reasons.
. A ray passing through the centre of either a converging or diverging lens does not change in direction.
.A ray that enters a diverging lens by heading forward the focal point on the opposite side exists parallel to the axis of the plane itself.
4. Magnification is negative as the image size is less than the object size itself.
5. They are all equal and there are no variations in the result.

Answers on Experiment: 13( As per as data given)

1. Image is upright as it is

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(City, State)

Abstract

Cellobiase is an enzyme that is involved in hydrolyzing the products of the exocellulase (cellobiose) to form individual monosaccharides. The process breaking down cellobiose is a natural process and helps most organisms produce glucose for use as a source of food. This experiment aimed to study the cellobiase by determining its rate of reaction and effects pH, temperature, concentration of the substrate or enzyme on the rate of reaction. The initial rate of a reaction catalyzed by cellobiase enzyme is 11.25nmole/Minute with the optimum temperature being 37OC and the optimum pH was pH5. The activity of the

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Introduction

Aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid refers to a salicylate drug that is usually used to relieve pains as an analgesic, as an antipyretic in the reduction of fever, as well as in fighting against inflammation. Aspirin falls in the category of weak acids and usually undergoes slow hydrolysis where one molecule of aspirin reacts with two hydroxide (OH-) ion. Different methods are applied in determining the amount of aspirin that is contained in an analgesic drug. These methods include back titration and fluorescence spectrophotometry.
In fluorescence spectrophotometry, the molecules absorb the light energy supplied and then re-emit it. The emitted

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Aim of the experiment

Apparatus
Spectrometer, sodium vapor lamp, mercury vapor lamp, watch maker eye glass and small flash lights.
Abstract
This is the phenomenon where atoms are excited and emit light of various wavelengths. These lines which are colored with dark fringes between them are known as atomic spectra. All elements have distinct set of spectral lines. It is this unique spectrum associated with certain distinct element. The atomic spectra of various elements of investigation will be studied in this experiment using a diffraction grating mounted on a spectrometer. The atomic transitions of various elements under investigation will be used to calibrate

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Abstract

This paper is going to focus on the relationship between word learning in 6 months old. It will also look at the level of encoding of that words and retention. It was based on the hypothesis that young children relate words with objects. The experiment was conducted on a number of infants that were given different categories of analysis. The analysis included memory test and training. The results showed that the infants were able to relate words and objects after a repetition of the same for several occasions.

Introduction

Word learning is a process that requires the establishment of memory

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Abstract

Introduction
Passing and receiving information from one being to another is based on how well a person can remember. Often people tend to forget things and are heard saying “oh, my memory failed me.” The big question here, however, is how exactly does the memory work. How does the person’s memory, manage to keep information passed on to it, for sometimes a long time whereas there are times when it just goes blank in second? It is important to know the message storing part if the brain. This is in the modern world, known as the working memory.

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Emotions can affect one's reasoning and how one makes decisions. Unless one is in control of his or her own emotions, it may be difficult to think and reason effectively. Inner emotions change a person’s moral reasoning when proving their actions. It is necessary to avoid the effect of emotions when reasoning through a difficult situation. For instance, you want to prove very important point and at the same time you are in a bad mood, angry or hopeless. These emotions will surely affect your moral reasoning to some extent. Avoiding emotions at all in making a decision

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Introduction

Mitochondrion plays vital roles in the performance of tissue. It is important, therefore, that their isolation and study are advanced to correct anomalies that arise out of the mitochondria failure. Instances of a mitochondria failure in neuronal tissue have been reported to cause anomalies such as epilepsy and ageing. Since mitochondria is responsible for the production of ATP in the cells, failure or inefficiency of these organelles causes a dysfunction in their component tissue leading to some ailment in the host organism. Many methods exist for the extraction and observation of mitochondria, some of these methods include, differential centrifugation

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Experiment 5: Vectors and Static Equilibrium of Forces

INTRODUCTION:
In physics, the subject of statics deals with the description of conditions of force system that is necessary to maintain the state of equilibrium of engineering structure. When a body is in equilibrium, the resultant of all forces acting on it is zero. Main condition for static equilibrium is that the vector sum of all the forces acting on a body must be zero. In this report equilibrium was discussed by carrying out an experiment. For an analysis of a vector quantity like force vector operations like vector addition and subtraction are required and in this experiment this

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Lab Report

Introduction
The purpose of the experiment was to show how prism separates white light into its component colors and to show how different colors are refracted at different angles through a prism. It was hypothesized that violet color would be the most refracted because it had the lowest wavelength.

Materials

- Light source
- Trapezoid from Ray Optics Kit
- Blank White Paper

Procedure

The light source was placed in a ray box mode on a sheet of blank white paper and a single white ray was selected by turning the wheel. Trapezoid was positioned such that its acute angle side

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Most people especially in the traditional societies considered persons with mental disability as people with incurable illness. As such, people had very negative attitudes towards the mentally challenged. As such, the aspect of mental illness has been a realm of the mental health professionals such as psychiatric workers, psychiatrists, psychologists, and related fields. Following the deinstitutionalizing of the mental patients during the 1960s and ‘70s, people did not give much consideration to the subject of mental health and people with mental illnesses (Borinstein 1). The families that had members with mental illness treated the condition as an issue that

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Experiment 4: Projectile Motion

Introduction:
Projectile motion is a special type of motion involves two components of motion – horizontal and vertical. But motions in two directions are independent of each other. Flight of ball is an example of projectile motion. This two dimensional motion can be determined as two linear motions in two mutually perpendicular directions –one along horizontal direction and the other one along vertical direction. Projectile motion can be analyzed with the help of equations of motion. Vector equations and vector rules are generally used as the motion occurs in two dimensions. Gravity force has primary importance in projectile motion. Effect

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Introduction

The purpose of this experiment was to observe the diffraction patterns formed by laser light passing through a single slit and verify the position of minima and determine the position matches with the theoretically predicted position. This was ascertained by comparing the value calculated slit width with selected slit width of 0.04mm. It was hypothesized that there would be variations in calculated value and selected value.

Materials

- Track and screen from Basic Optic System (OS-8515)
- Diode laser (OS-8525)
- Single Slit Disk (OS-8523)
- White paper
- Metric rule

Procedure

The laser was placed at one end of the

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Introduction

The integumentary system is made up of the skin together with other accessory structures including nails, hair, as well as glands. The four major functions that are done by the integumentary system include protection, production of vitamin D, sensation, and temperature regulation (Bailey). The integumentary system offers protection of the body against ultraviolet light and abrasion while preventing dehydration as a result of water loss and entry of pathogens into the body (Seeley, Stephens and Tate).
The skin possesses numerous receptors that make it also function as a sensory organ. The receptors are usually referred to as free or

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Sensory Perception

The Nervous system plays an important role in many mammals including man. The nervous system is responsible for the coordination of different stimuli in the body. Environmental changes can be felt in the body due to the nervous system present. The sense of touch, vision, audition and taste can be understood solely due to the nervous system.
A minute change or deficiency in these senses could lead to fatality. A failure in perception of any of the senses makes an individual dependent. Sensory perception is essential for all living organisms and forms the basis for homeostasis.
A series of

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The Simple Pendulum

Lab Details
(Here)

Lab Partner:

(Partner’s Name)
The Simple Pendulum

Introduction

The aim of this experiment was to experimentally find the time period of a simple pendulum, and use to compute the local acceleration due to gravity. These values were compared with the theoretical predictions based on the equation, =2πLg , where T is the time period, L is the effective length of the simple pendulum (measured quantity) and g is the local acceleration due to gravity. In order to compute the total error between the predicted and actual values, the effects of all random errors in each measured quantity were

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A social norm is an accepted behavior in the society. Norms have been gradually developed in the society because of interactions among people who live together to form a society or community. Examples of norms are washing hands before eating. Looking at someone when he or she is speaking to you, giving someone his or her personal space and many more. Norms vary from society to society. There are societies that consider a certain mode of behavior wrong. However, when we observe another society, the specific behavior is accepted. For instance, in an American society, shouting when calling somebody

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No man is an island. This quote serves as a reminder that we do not live in isolation. As stated by Aristotle, human beings are social animals who need daily social interaction with other members of the community and that to be self-sufficient and not partake in the society is distinctive of either a beast or a god. Because of this frequent interplay among members of the society, creating laws and empowering legal authorities became a necessity in order to establish order. These laws are meant to impose control and limitations over what individuals can do to avoid interfering

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An experimental design is a plan that guides information gathering where variations are present. The plan shows how the experimenter will present or withhold the experimental event. The experimental design is important when conducting experiments because it has a direct effect on the results arrived at in the end. An effective experimental design should be able to rule out alternative explanations of the findings. Experiments are conducted in environments where several factors exist that can affect the impact of the treatment on the subjects. The design should allow the experimenter to confidently attribute the behavior change to the presence

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Lab Experiment 2: The Pressure Law

Introduction:
The Pressure Law is essential to know characteristics of gases. This law relates pressure of the gas with the absolute temperature of the gas. In this lab report Pressure law has been discussed with an experiment carried out in laboratory. Purpose of this experiment was to measure the number of moles (n) of air enclosed in a tube using the pressure law and to measure the absolute zero of temperature.

Theory:

Pressure P of a given amount of gas (n moles) is directly proportional to its absolute temperature when volume remains a constant.
The universal gas law is PV =

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Introduction

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the speed of sound at room temperature using the microphone connected to a computer. Sound travels at a speed which is comparatively higher than the speed many objects. Consequently, the determination of speed of sound is technically challenging task. Most experiments rely on echo which is a reflection of sound to estimate this speed. The speed of sound at standard atmospheric pressure and temperature of 0º C is 331.5m/s. The experimental value of the speed of sound is expected to be less than the accepted value because low winter temperatures.

Materials and Methods

Materials

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Experiment 2: Motion in one dimension

Introduction:
Motion of a body in one dimension is basic study in physic and to have knowledge about motion in one dimension it is necessary to be acquainted with two fundamental laws of physics. One of them is Newton’s laws of motion and another is Newton’s law of gravity. There are three laws in Newton’s laws of motion, but in this paper only Newton’s second law of motion has been discussed. If force is applied on a body, the same will move as a result of applied force on the body. The body will remain

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Introduction

Tracing back to the 4th century BCE, emotion in art was highly valued and praised by illustrious people such as Aristotle, the Greek philosopher. During romanticism and expressionism, free expression of own emotions became a rule among most artists. Turning to the modern art, individual emotions, as point of the existence of human beings, are generally considered the breath of art creation. Among most, if not all, students of art, it is popular to follow their true and real feelings to work. However, by doing this, they are apt to produce some strange creative works with a prejudice, which

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Race comprises that are thought to different from each other on the basis of imagined or real physical of the individuals differences (Macionis, Jansson & Benoit, 2012). The experiment in The Class Divided is very significant; it is an effectual representation of the fact that people themselves are responsible for fostering the racism. This experiment has pointed out towards the fact that people belonging to different races are not separated by the physical boundaries, but they are actually people who themselves are responsible for keeping the boundaries and separating people on the basis of races. Further, this experiment has made

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- Introduction
Motivation is a behavioral concept used to illustrate momentary effects of administration of a conditional operation. A motivating operation was initially developed in order to show the results of changing the normal conditions of an organism by either increasing or reducing the operant can either increase or reduce its effectiveness. Motivation can therefore be defined as a measure of effectiveness on change of amount of a reinforcer. This operation affect whether an organism wants or does not want a stimulus. Motivating operations that result increase of effectiveness of a stimuli are referred to as establishing operations (EO).

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The Tuskegee Health Experiment: A Question of Bureaucratic Morality? Were there precise moral and ethical issues that the case presents? Are they dependent upon race, color economic status, and/or geographical location? Why or why not?
The government bears the responsibility for ensuring that all human rights are well protected. In relation to the Tuskegee experiment, both the government and health organizations are supposed to conduct researches that meet moral and ethical standards. There were cases of the people used in the experiment being exploited by the researchers. This is why the health organizations and the government wanted to remove

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Introduction

For those uninitiated, the brain has two hemispheres which is connected with corpus collosum. By cutting the corpus collosum of the brain, the communication between the right and the left hemisphere of the brain is hampered. It was found that by doing this, the seizures among epileptics could me marginally controlled. Now the experiments were conducted on four patients. Following are the thesis points of the experiments/research.

Thesis Propositions:

- Will the right hemisphere of the brain be able to communicate with the left hemisphere of the brain if the corpus collosum was severed?
- Will the patients with a severed

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- While conducting research, scientists need to understand the main variables within their experiments. Define and provide an example of both an independent and dependent variable.
In any research there are mainly two variables; the independent and the dependent variables. Any scientist needs to understand the variables very well because of the following reasons. First the variable determines the type of methodology that can be used in the study. What this means is that the type or variables would determine how the whole research is carried out. For example, a variable might have qualitative or quantitative aspects that would be

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Introduction

Understanding the ways of predicting the chances of inheriting certain genetic traits makes up the value under the study of genetics. Such ability has enabled development of varieties of animals and plants that have most of the qualities that are a desirable prediction of inheritance patterns in family lineage. One of the methods that are used in determining the mathematical probability that a given trait would be inherited is the Punnett square. The Punnett square is a simple graphical method that is used to discover all the combinations of a given genotypes that can be passed to children in

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The research question was to determine whether other occupational groups could also attain high levels of accuracy in identifying deceit from demeanor. The study tries to find out if it is easier for one to tell if someone is telling lies or not. The methodology used towards this study was observation and experimentations. They used several groups of people with different occupations to establish their ability in establishing whether someone is telling lies or not.
The main discovery from this study is that those people from different occupational groups can tell when one is telling lies. These groups included

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Abstract

Tensile tests are instrumental in understanding the properties of various materials and the way will behave when subjected to a load. Four different materials were subjected to tensile test using universal testing machine. The materials that were tested were: steel and nylon. The data obtained from each experiment was used to calculate and graphically determine some of the valuable properties of the materials such as, yield stress, ultimate tensile strength and young’s modulus. The material properties obtained from the various test were compared with the theoretical values and also amongst the materials themselves. The tensile test results showed

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“There are only two ways in which humankind can produce knowledge: through passive observation or through active experiment.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
The argument whether knowledge can be attained through passive observation or active experiment defines the meaning of knowledge. When you look at two people argue, philosophers argue this is passive knowledge of the argument as you are not actively being engaged in the argument. However, as you argue with your friend, this is defined as active knowledge since you are in a position to experience the argument and get to know something

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