Essays on Disorders

Caffeine is the most pervasively used psychoactive and widely used mood-altering drug in the world. The fact that caffeine is not regulated implies, this drug does not have severe effects. It is clear that the coffee, tea and other beverages that contain caffeine result in addictions. Research indicates that the caffeine is extremely addictive, with ability to cause conditions of intoxication, withdrawal, and dependence. The addiction arises from its ability to induce sleep, decrease pain, and fatigue, boost memory, and promote anxiety. Caffeine helps in sustaining duration, maximizes effort, and increases speed during endurance events. It has not been Continue reading...

Abstract

There is a strong mutual relationship between substance abuse and psychology. This study has found that the problem of substance abuse is caused by psychological contexts in which an individual undergoes and, therefore, psychological interventions are necessary as ways to control it. In the study too, it has been found that substance abuse has accounted to many mental and other psychological problems to addicts. The research has reviewed literatures from various sources: online psychological periodicals, research articles, white papers, books and experts views from psychologists. In this regard, it has defined substance abuse and discussed ways in which psychology Continue reading...

1). First give a brief description of the character with enough detail for me to understandthe character in context (10 points).
Dr. Meredith Grey from Grey’s Anatomy (2005)
Dr. Meredith Grey is the main character in Grey’s Anatomy which is aired on ABC channel. Meredith is the daughter of Ellis Grey, who was a renowned General Surgeon. Ellis worked at Seattle Grey Hospital where Meredith spent most of her childhood because her mother was always very busy doing surgeries. When Meredith was five years old, her parents got divorce, because her father (Thatcher) came to know about Continue reading...

Soft tissue injuries of the handCarpal tunnel Syndrome. Carpal tunnel syndrome is an arm disorder that causes tingling, numbness and other indications. Carpal tunnel syndrome is associated with a pinched nerve in the wrist. Factors that can contribute to the carpal tunnel syndrome are; patterns of hand use, anatomy of one's wrist or certain health risk factors. Bound by tendons and bones, carpal tunnel is a thin pathway that is situated on the palm flank of the wrist. That passageway protects the main nerve from the hand and tendons that bend the limbs. The compression of the nerve is Continue reading...

Broken Window Theory

The broken window (theory) refers to a criminological theory devised by James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling. The theory states that monitoring and maintaining urban environments in a structured and well-ordered condition can stop vandalism. The theory investigates the effects of social disorder such as anti-social behavior as it relates to community life. Additionally, it correlates vagrancy, social norms and quality of community life. It is imperative to define social norms and disorder in order to efficiently examine how the broken windows concept requires both police and neighborhood participation.

Disorder and Social Norms

According to Keizer and Lindengard (2008), social norms and Continue reading...

Social anxiety disorder is also known as social phobia. This state of an individual is an extreme case of the individual feeling pressure and being fearful of certain social situations. Some individuals are not confident in group settings, and constantly fear of being evaluated. Mostly this state occurs when the individual is faced with a new or novel situation. It is not uncommon to feel anxious about a new situation but some people fear it to a very large degree; hence, being a victim of the social anxiety disorder. Individuals may be so frightened of facing these new situations Continue reading...

The documentary focuses on the increased prescription of stimulants such as Ritalin in children. It evaluates the diagnosis of bipolar disorder in children and teenagers via prescription of antipsychotic and antidepressant medications. Therefore, the Frontline documentary is extremely inspiring given the alarming number of children being medicated for psychiatric disorders. Although the program did not mention any alternative approaches to diagnose this disorder, I think the prescription of antipsychotic and antidepressant medications is the conventional solution for children suffering from behavioral problems.
A major issue in the Frontline program is that many children who were diagnosed with ADHD before Continue reading...

Clinical Diagnosis and Rationale for the Diagnosis

Randle McMurphy is the protagonist in the movie “One Flew over the Cuckoo's Nest”. Although he does not overtly show any mental disorder, he seems to be suffering from narcissistic personality disorder (Zaentz & Forma, 1975). Randle McMurphy suffers from Narcissistic Personality Disorders (in Axis 1), which, as he manifests, is proven by several symptoms. The patient employs humiliation and shame to win over others, exploits the situation to gratify himself and becomes jealous easily. He is also confident, arrogant and contemptuous, living in unrealistic fantasies, beauty, power, intelligence and romance, and appearing less emotional (American Psychiatric Association, 2014).
In Continue reading...

Like the old saying goes, “Cleanliness is next to godliness,” but at what point does cleaning and being tidy cross the line into mental illness? Likewise, while a large percentage of the population may admit to being a little superstitious and many hotels don’t include a 13th floor, at what point does certain superstitious beliefs and behaviors turn into compulsions or behaviors that must be carried out or else the individual is unable to proceed throughout his or her day? To an outsider, it may appear like a nonsense disease with behaviors that should be easy to curtail Continue reading...

Introduction

Regarded are the gold standard diagnostic tool for mental disorders, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), was engineered by the American Psychiatric Association (Maddux & Winstead, 2012). This tool provides a common language, as well as, standardized criteria for the categorization of mental disorders. DSM is widely used by a host of professionals including guides researchers, clinicians, pharmaceutical firms, health insurance companies, legal entities, policy makers and other entities such as the World Health Organization during the evaluation of mental disorders (Maddux & Winstead, 2012). The most recent version of DSM was published in May 2013, and it Continue reading...

For example Elizabeth L. Angeli, Department of Psychology, State University.

This research was supported in part by a grant from the Sample Grant
Program.
Angeli, Department of English, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 55555
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Major Depressive Disorder is marked by recursive episodes of low feelings in mood, shallow mindedness and persistent felling deep chasm in oneself. This can be accompanied by low self-esteem and loss of interest in pleasurable activities such as listening to music, playing games, watching movies, etc. The subject continuously displays a sad attitude and lack of interest in life. The victim Continue reading...

Article Summary: Rorschach Measures of Cognition

A group of researchers, Raeanne C. Moore, Donald J. Viglione, Irwin S. Rosenfarb, Thomas L. Patterson, & Brent T. Mausbach, conducted a study on measures of cognition associated with functional disability of the schizophrenics. American Psychological Association published in their journal “Psychological Assessment, (Vol. 25, No. 1, 253–263)” in the year 2013, this study (Rorschach Measures of Cognition Relate to Everyday and Social Functioning in Schizophrenia) with conceptual framework, the rationale, the research, the results and conclusions. The study is a scholarly work with plausible, useful and applicable findings that can help the practitioners and researchers in the management Continue reading...

Introduction

The United Nations (UN) estimates that the number of amphetamine abusers to be between 13-53 million globally and most of them are between 15-64 years old. Amphetamines are a group of psychoactive drugs that induce a stimulant effect on users. However, they are associated with a high level of psychological dependence and potential for both mental and physical toxicity-related problems (Sevak, William, and Rush).
Being body stimulants, amphetamine's abuse has potential for adverse effects on the abuser. Amphetamines elicit both mental and physical symptoms in active users and those on withdrawal/rehabilitation. Some of the side effects of amphetamine abuse Continue reading...

Definition

Panic disorder refers to a disorder whereby an individual experiences sudden and spontaneous attacks of anxiety and fear. The panic attacks lead to agoraphobia, which is the feeling of anxiety that one gets for the fear of being in situations where one cannot get help in case of a panic attack. These situations include, but not limited to, being in crowds, being left alone or being near bridges.

Clark’s theory of catastrophic interpretations

According to Clark’s theory, panic attacks are caused by faulty and maladaptive interpretations of the sensations within the body. For example, sensations that are normal to healthy individuals can be Continue reading...

English: Casual Argument

Teen eating disorders can lead to a demoralizing effect on teen age girls and boys. In order to understand the causes of teen’s eating disorders, it is important to understand healthy eating habits. Major changes in eating habits due to eating disorder can be fatal, even to a life threatening extent. It can lead to a number of physical disorders therefore it is very important to understand three basic issues about eating disorder in teens. This paper deals with the types of eating disorders in teens, causes of the eating disorder in teens and remedial measures.

Three main types of eating disorders are:

- Anorexia. Continue reading...

Abstract

The thesis describes an eating disorder called Anorexia that is predominant in men and women of all age groups. Achievement of happiness by reducing weight than ideal weight becomes the focus off a person affected. The paper describes the symptoms and signs of the disorder. The anorexia preoccupies the person’s mindset and negligence towards life is predominant. Health professionals and doctors pursue various methods of medication and counseling which are briefly described in the paper. Recovery from the disorder strongly relies on the commitment of the patient towards treatment so that the risk of re-elapse of the disorder Continue reading...

Introduction

Courts often face the challenge of false confessions. False confession takes center stage when an individual admits they are guilty of a crime, and yet they are not responsible for that crime. It is a disturbing behavior that is challenging to detect (Kassim, 2008). This phenomenon can be induced by the incompetency or mental disorder of an individual or through coercion. False confessions fall in three main types.

Voluntary False Confession

These types of confessions are given freely even in the absence of police probing. At times, voluntary false confessions might be done as a form of sacrifice (Kassim, 2008). In such Continue reading...

Introduction

The mental illness prevalence in the youth population has not increased generally, but there has been an increase in the public’s awareness of adolescents and children with these problems. Similarly, as medical awareness and knowledge of these issues grow, so should the diagnosing ability of treating adolescents and children with mental health problems. The mentally ill children’s needs receive acute neglect in the juvenile justice system. Families with such children face services denial, placements on waiting lists or even the services do not exist. This critical situation poses negative consequences towards the youth, communities and families. Without Continue reading...

The information on Antisocial Personality Disorder and psychopathy from both sources concur, in that, most if not all the traits seem to be alike in both cases. In both sources, traits such as distant, cold, lack of empathy, inflexible, and pervasiveness seem to appear in the cases presented. In both cases, the radio host and the author describe a person who is out of touch with the feelings that make for a normal human being. Both sources paint a picture that demonstrates an individual who is both cunning and witting, and one who is full of loathing towards the Continue reading...

Casey is a 25-year-old male who has suffered from bouts of sadness and lack of motivation about every three months for 8 years. He claims to have done all he can to stop this, yet is not strong enough to achieve it. He has several close friends who he has confided this too, but they have also been of little help. He claims to hear diffuse voices that tell him to hurt himself sometimes, which he has done a few times, including one suicide attempt.
The situation in his household has always been complicated. His father and his mother Continue reading...

Executive Summary

“Be Different: My Adventures with Asperger's and My Advice for Fellow Aspergians, Misfits, Families, and Teachers”, is written by John Elder Robison. This is a bestselling memoir of the author, who was born with Asperger, when there was no mechanism to diagnose this condition. By that time he got to know about this condition, he had developed some unique strategies to deal with this condition. He identified his strengths and turned them into opportunities for himself. This book is unique in a way because it has been developed with a positive thought. It does not consider this syndrome as Continue reading...

What are the implications?

During adolescence it’s usual for young people to think a lot about how their bodies look. During the teen years their bodies and appearance go through lots of changes and youngsters often compare their bodies with others. Meanwhile a positive attitude to your body is an important part of a healthy self-esteem.
The standards of beauty are very wobble and change from decade to decade. If we look through the pages of history, we see that for insance in Western Europe in the Middle Ages the main attributes of beauty and femininity were considered to be small height, Continue reading...

Article Summary

Kuo, J. R., & Linehan, M. M. (2009). Disentangling emotion processes in borderline personality disorder: physiological and self-reported assessment of biological vulnerability, baseline intensity, and reactivity to emotionally evocative stimuli. Journal of abnormal psychology, 118(3), 531.
Borderline Personality Disorder is defined as “A pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts.” The essential features of a personality disorder are “impairments in personality (self and interpersonal) functioning and the presence of pathological personality traits” (APA, 2013).
In 1993, Marsha Linehan proposed a theory of Continue reading...

Abnormal psychology deals with unusual patterns of thought and behavior that are considered as a mental disorder. Scholars and prominent academicians have attempted to explain the psychological and biological causes of mental disorders. Abnormal psychology can be classified as normal, abnormal and supernormal. Clinical psychology and psychopathology are some of the branches of medicine that deal with abnormal psychology. It is a complete departure from the traditional and archaic methods of diagnosing and treating mental disorders. A case in point for these treatment methods was the trephining method. Stone Age physicians believed that evil spirits caused mental disorders. They Continue reading...

More often than not, individuals exhibiting psychotic symptoms may be diagnosed as having a SUD (Substance Use Disorder) (American Psychiatric Association, 2009). Disentangling the link between psychotic disorders and Substance Use Disorder is a common diagnostic challenge for researchers within community settings and clinicians within treatment settings (Miner, 2007).
For diagnosis of individuals with psychotic symptoms and SUDs, a manual of diagnostic and statistical of mental disorders, attempts to make a distinction between psychotic disorders like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder) and SUDs (like dementias and delirium). Most SUDs are short lived and can be resolved with sustained abstinence. However, Continue reading...

Psychosis is a mental disorder that leads to extreme impairment of the brain. It makes a person have difficulties in communicating, and it influences the performance of the individual. This condition occurs because of many factors. It occurs due to use of drugs like cannabis, methamphetamine and cocaine. The condition can arise because of a mental disorder that a person has. The condition results to hallucinations and delusions. Delusions refer to false, strange and an irrational belief held by a person. The members of society do not accept the belief. Hallucinations refer sensory perception that occurs in the absence Continue reading...

Scimitar syndrome

Scimitar syndrome is a very rare congenital heart disease. It is also referred to as phylogenetic lung syndrome, pulmonary venolobar, mirror-image lung syndrome, vena cava bronchovascular syndrome, Halasz’s syndrome and, epibronchial right pulmonary artery syndrome .This disease is characterized by anomalous right pulmonary venous return into the inferior vena cava.
Normally, the pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood to the left chamber of the heart that is then pumped to the systemic circulation. However in this case, there is shunting of blood back to the inferior vena cava through an anomalous vein. This vein connects the pulmonary venous circulation Continue reading...

Introduction

Depression is a disease affecting a large part of the population today. Though many people experience sadness from time to time, depression is a much more complex disease. It affects a person’s daily life and often results in physical pain. Unlike the occasional feelings of sadness that fade away, depression lasts longer (NIMH, 2014).
Biopsychology involves the scientific study of the relationship between behavior and biology (Green, 2013). In the study of their relationship, biology and behavior mostly interact in the brain and nervous system. It will also apply to the analysis of depression in relation to the Continue reading...

Introduction

Parkinson’s disease is grouped under movement disorders. This group comprises of disorders that relate to various unusual body movements. In addition, these odd movements are linked to the neurological system. For example, conditions such as ataxia, cerebral palsy and Tourette syndrome fall under this category.
Parkinson’s disease refers to a progressive disorder of the nervous system which influences an individual’s movement, writing and speech (Simuni, 2009). This infection is characterized by symptoms that develop in a gradual manner, and may start as a slight tremor of the hand. The disease is also associated with stiffness of Continue reading...

Introduction

Robert Herrick (1591-1674) and Ben Jonson (1572-1637) are famous English poets, playwrights and authors. Herrick and Jonson grew up and wrote poems and plays in the same era and were both comparable to the great William Shakespeare. After his apprenticeship with his uncle ended abruptly, Herrick, aged 26 then, became a disciple of Ben Jonson who mentored him in literature. The two wrote five poems together. Herrick’s poetry was about religion, love and he was famed for writing on pastoral themes on the life in the English countryside. Ben Johnson on the other hand was best famed for Continue reading...

(Tutor’s Name)

According to Taft, Mayer and Kuniholm, a good painting has the potential to make one inspired, informed, or happy by what one sees (2). However, while making a painting analysis it is important to explore ‘what the particular painter was trying to achieve’ (“Famous paintings..”). A full body is beautiful too is the artistic work I chose for the assignment. This is an excellent painting done by Noopur Goel. I chose this image for its thematic relevance and uniqueness. Although it has certain characteristics of modern art, it is not very complex for one to understand Continue reading...

Research Article Structure

The key sections typically used in research articles include (1) the introduction/background, (2) literature review, (3) methods, (4) results, (5) discussion, and (6) the conclusion. The introduction and literature review are sometimes not distinguished as separate sections. The choice of sections will also depend on the research topic and aims, and each section can introduce more subsection, but all research articles need to discuss the study aims and their hypotheses in the first section of the article. For example, a study on exposure therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by Hembree et al. (2003) presents previous research on exposure Continue reading...

The human body comprises of many health complication due to variation, environment, activities and nutritional factors. Human beings are prone to developing some disorders arising from the above mentioned factors at different degrees and extent. The most alarming thing is the increase in incidences of young people being affected by VTE (Amin, 2009). This has necessitated the addressing the issue of VTE to determine why it has become so dreadful to the youths and young generations. Similarly, the paper will discuss the issue of the core measures that have been incorporated in health care and their net effect on Continue reading...

According to the article Serial Killers Have Under-Developed Brains, Says New Study published in the International Business Times, serial killers might be having an underdeveloped brain. In the article, Timur Moon says that serial killers might be suffering from abnormalities of their brains and that this is what makes them to commit offenses. After neuro- imaging the brains of supposed serial killers has shown that their brain activity is different from that of normal people. There are diminished activities in some areas of the brain which are linked to self awareness and the processing of emotions and also sensitivity Continue reading...

Circulating Angiogenic Cells (CACs) play a significant role in restoring, repairing and regeneration of Hereditary Hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) vascular disorder. Hereditary Hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal overriding vascular disorder. CACs are released from bone marrow into the circulation, and home to the injury site to exert their regenerative and angiogenic effects. Both clinical data and animal studies have reputable that alterations in ALK1 and ENG are dependable for the configuration of the atypical vasculature detected in the mass of patients with HHT. Idiosyncrasy of endothelial cells because of ENG or ALK1 mutations is linked, and well-matched with the Continue reading...

The invention of Web 2.0 and its relation with social media has been very influential in people’s personal lives and the business world. A number of technology geeks have given various explanations about what is web 2.0. The exact definition is still a topic of debate. However, I believe that web 2.0 is a web-based application, which can be accessed from anywhere, and the users can be contributors to content on internet, rather than just being viewers.
Is web 2.0 a boon or bane to the society? In discussions about web 2.0, one controversial issue has been about Continue reading...

Several states have undertaken the responsibility of care provision to persons with disabling and severe mental illness throughout their life time. Several individuals with acute mental problems are dependent on these programs (Pataki, 2005). This extreme reliance is attributed to the vulnerabilities of these groups as a result of unemployment, poverty and their disability. Hence, programs of care and treatment of the mentally challenged persons command a major share for resources investment in the United States.
There are two classes of people that are served by the evidence based programs in the United States. They include adults under severe Continue reading...

Homeless individuals who are diagnosed with a double problem of mental disorder and substance abuse need special care. This is because such individuals are often in a state of unawareness due to lack of mental soundness. They cannot make decisions in a reasonable manner and are often not in a position to take good care of themselves. While the government initiates programs and allocate funding meant to help the dual-diagnosis population, the special needs of this group of people should be a critical factor for consideration.
The provision of services to dual-diagnosed people involves eight fundamental principles. These comprise Continue reading...

Depression is a medical condition, causing a wide array of physical, as well as psychological symptoms. According to an article entitled “Depression in Adolescence” published in The Lancet, nearly 8 percent of all adolescents will experience depression before they reach their teens . Nearly 4% of them will remain depressed through their teenage years. Unfortunately, many times this mental illness goes undiagnosed because the symptoms can be difficult to recognize in this age group (2012). Regardless of whether it is diagnosed or not, if untreated, it can become a significant problem in the adolescent’s life.
Though the exact cause Continue reading...

For five months, I have been practicing meditation almost on a daily basis. I started my meditation practice last year in October, driven by the fact that I was experiencing sleeping disorders, which made me feel unbalanced, cranky and tired. My first meditation sessions started out with mixed feelings. I was determined to do something about my sleeping problems, and I did not want to become a slave of medication. A friend of mine advised me to practice meditation to calm myself, indicating that this might have effective results for making me feel more relaxed and for losing my Continue reading...