Essays on Process

Introduction

Biology is broad and therefore embraces various topics in life that concern living organisms. Micro biology for instance deals with the study of very small organisms that are able to reproduce and sustain their generations. This is where the study of prokaryotes comes into the scene. The contrasting organisms to prokaryotes are referred to as eukaryotes. Contrary to prokaryotes, eukaryotic organisms have complex cell structures. Biology tends to full describe the complete nature of these organisms, their feeding habits, how they reproduce and where they thrive best, that is, their habitats.

Prokaryotes are single celled organisms whose cells Continue reading...

Innovation refers to the overall ability in application of creative solutions in given problems. This process acts as an effective application in the management of change in a given organization. The various unique approaches in adaptation of the philosophy and nuances in relation to change facilitate in a great way change management. Initially, after the change has been successfully effected, there is a tendency of resistance to the overall change. This is because many individuals have fear for the unknown. The fact that change and all that accompanies it is an inevitable phenomenon is an issue many individuals especially Continue reading...

Rüdiger von Kries, Berthold Koletzko, Thorsten Sauerwald, Dietmar Barnert, Veit Grunert, and
Hubertus von Voss. Breast-feeding and obesity: cross sectional study. BMJ. 319 (147) 17 July 1999.

The article tries to evaluate the impact of breast feeding on the threats of obesity and vulnerability of being overweight in children at the stage when they are suppose to start their education. The authors took a cross sectional analysis of children below the age of six years. With the analysis, they attempt to give definition of the term overweight in relation to what Continue reading...

1. This case study outlines a meticulous, multifaceted process that Standard Life utilizes in order to find the best candidates for this incredibly competitive job. The human resources management strategy they are implementing in this process is highly selective and aims for the best of the best, knowing that highly qualified individuals will desire to work for them. While they do send out information to all universities to let everyone know about their job opportunities, they only send out HR staff to career fairs at 25 of the most well-regarded universities, showcasing their search for excellent. Next, they have Continue reading...

Introduction

Buyers’ behavior is usually affected by a number of factors. In order for buyers to settle on purchasing a given commodity, a series of processes has to take place in their minds. The process of making a decision on what item to purchase is a very complex process whereby buyers have to identify the problems and realize the items they do not have but needed. Whenever consumers realize that there is something that they are missing in their lives, they will attempt to devise mechanisms of acquiring that item. This is also a very complex problem as buyers will have to carry out extensive research so that they set their priorities right and get a good value for their money (Quester et al., 2011). There are several options that are available to the consumers during the buying process. These options affect the decision making process a great deal. The fashion and clothing industry is one of the most affected industries whereby consumers’ decision making process is greatly affected by the season, environment, purpose of purchase, money available and comfort/leisure.

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Traditional approach allows the management to devise the way to perform a task. It is applied where adequate information of performing a task is readily available. It is also suitable for a task which requires less creativity on part of the worker. The weakness of the approach is that, it negates the ability of workers to built on their experience and improve the process of carrying out their duties.
The processual approach allows workers to built on their experience and improve the performance of their duties. It is mainly applied in situations which the internal and external environment Continue reading...

Abstract

Pedagogy has been defined variously by different researchers but for the purposes of this paper pedagogy will simply be defined as the science and the art of teaching. As such pedagogy encompasses the content taught/learned (what), the approaches of teaching and learning (how) and the philosophy and underpinning values (why)[ CITATION An05 \l 1033 ]. The most useful pedagogical approach in the VET sector is the so called ‘learners and learning at the centre’ which places the learner at the centre of the learning process. The approach focuses on empowering the actor not only to be a disengaged-passive Continue reading...

The paths of water through the hydrologic cycle

One of the most fundamental principles in hydrology and ecology is the hydrologic cycle. This cycle represents the process of water circulations from the oceans, atmosphere, land and back to the ocean.  The energy driving the cycle is from the solar/sun and forces of gravity. The process is continuous, and is a global wide process ensuring that every water drop on earth is part of the system (Harper et al n.d).

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Blood Transfusion

Blood transfusion is the safe process of transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. Blood recipients are patients of various diseases and injuries who require blood to save their lives. The process is done to replace the lost blood during surgery, due to injuries or due to other complications and diseases, which render the body mechanism unable to make blood cells. In fact, about 90 million people around the world are in need of blood every year, while only about less than 12 million people are willing to donate blood each year (Pan American Continue reading...

Research Methods and Empiricism

Empiricism is a theory of knowledge that uses our senses to obtain knowledge and emphasizes on experience and evidence obtained through sensory perception. Empiricism, in the philosophy of science emphasizes the scientific knowledge that has got evidence, especially those discovered through experiments. It is the fundamental part of the scientific method that gives an opportunity for the hypotheses and theories to be formulated against observation.

There are some of the research methods and designs that go in tandem with the theory of empiricism in that Continue reading...

Introduction

One of the characteristic features of construction industry is late adoption of information and communication technologies. Nowadays, software for preparing 2D drawings and bookkeeping software are perhaps the only widely used in the industry. Other advanced but extremely useful tools like 3D, 4D modeling, web-based project management, automation of resources management, planning etc, are used very rarely, and if used then incidentally. In this report there will be covered problems and perspectives of using ICT in construction industry, discovered the techniques of using ICT in different spheres of construction, and shown the ways of implementation of ICT techniques Continue reading...

Outline

Collective bargaining seeks to solve all types of conflicts between workers and management, and amongst workers themselves. The aspect of collective bargaining is preferred by the employer in order to avoid paying individual attention to every workers complain. It is easier for the management to deal with workers as a group than dealing with individual worker. On the part of the workers they can easily convince the management to consider their demands when they are organized in a group.

The paper focuses on the bargaining process by identifying its advantage, forms of collective bargaining and the steps of Continue reading...

Introduction

The communication process in an organization involves the various means through which information is carried from one level or person to another. This process may occur either upwards in the organizational structure or downwards. The process may be between employees, employees and clients, owners and employees, or between staff members and the public. Each of this communications is significant to the organization as it links up the organizational structure and also the organization to its environment. Communication in an organization should be both hierarchical and lateral: there should be communication from the senior managers to the employees through Continue reading...

Whether or not you believe your company can do no wrong, you should always plan for the worst – this is where risk management comes in. (Roche, 2010) In the world of risk management, there are many different ways of doing it among all different disciplines. Regardless of the field in which you are working, an effective risk management process is necessary in order to effectively weigh whether or not you can release a certain product, or carry forward with a particular plan of action, without taking too much of a chance that you or your customers (not to mention Continue reading...

As human beings, we are constantly surrounded by things whose origins we cannot fully comprehend, not  even explain. It is interesting that we at times take part in some of these things without a slight realization they are the very phenomena whose origins we are seeking to explore. With regard to all the mysteries in the universe, the mystery of creation has remained one of the most common one among people in the whole world. So many individuals, scientists, researchers and artists have come forward to give their impression of what they think or perhaps believe it is. Despite the many explanations, all that has become evident is the inconsistency in their thoughts and ideas. This only takes us back to one aspect, the aspect of creation as explained with God in mind.  Continue reading...

How are demand management and production planning linked to logistics planning?

A customer’s demand for a good is very important in the supplier’s plans for meeting the needs of his client. The nature and urgency of the client’s needs are evaluated and this helps the supplier in coming up with plans to meet the requirements of the customer. Proper management of demand dictates the success of the supplier and thus demand needs to be carefully analyzed to come up with proper logistics plans. The demand dictates the supply chain option to be adopted to Continue reading...

Introduction

The term value analysis (VA) refers to a procedure that involves an orderly analysis and evaluation on an already existing product design so as to balance out the function of the product required by the customer. In balancing out, the customers’ requirements are satisfied at the lowest cost in accordance to the required reliability and specified performance (Rich and Mathias 2). Value engineering (VE) is used when developing new products and it is a term that is used when carrying out a value analysis at the concept development, design, and Continue reading...

Information technology has a very big impact on the development and location of industries all over the world. The new innovations in the Information field like the advent of internet have taken the whole process of industrialisation to a new level. It was thought that with the introduction of internet, geographical location of industries was going to be affected. (Brickley, 2004) This has had a small effect but not so great as it was initially thought since there are so many factors that are considered when selecting the location of a particular Continue reading...

Abstract
Aging is a complex process marked with distinct physical, emotional and social changes in the individual. The older individual must revise his lifestyle to accommodate the changes. The elderly person is often exposed to ageism and stereotypes and is expected to be dependent and helpless. Views on death differ at different developmental stages, as do cultural attitudes towards dying. Late adulthood is associated with a review of the individual’s life, evaluation and acceptance. This may result either in a feeling of integrity over accomplishments or despair over lack thereof.

Introduction

Aging can be defined as the process Continue reading...

Abstract
Internal controls form an important part of the process of protecting an organization’s resources. They directly affect the allocation and use of an organization’s resources and therefore ultimately impact on the overall performance of an organization. One of the resources useful in an organization is information, and this paper seeks to explain the relationship that exists between the process of information system development and the internal control function of an organization.

The relationship between internal control and the systems development process

Internal control forms an essential part of accounting. It is one of the Continue reading...

Arguably, organizations are structured in various ways depending on the aims and objectives they want to achieve. To some degree, the organizational structure influences the organizational process in an organization. In this case, the term ‘organizational structure’ is used in reference to both the horizontal and vertical linkage of authority, departments and jobs within an organization, (Chuck, 2006). On the other hand, organizational process refers to the activities that take place in the process of changing inputs into outputs that are valued by clients. The main aim of this essay is to analyze the relationship between organizational structure and Continue reading...

Introduction

The objective of computer programming is to develop electronic solutions for a particular company. In today’s world, most companies use software systems in order to run their processes efficiently. Companies store their source data details in the system and perform transactions on them through computers. The software users expect certain outputs and reports from a computer system.

Steps in the Programming Process

A company will contract a programmer from within or outside the company to design and implement a software system. The first step in programming is to identify the problem (Jeffries, Anderson & Hendrickson, 2001). Continue reading...

Introduction

Over the past century, nursing has become one of health care professions that has witnessed immense growth. The move towards nursing practice that is hinged on theory has brought the skills of nursing into view as a discipline that is both academic and professional.

A theory is a group of concepts that are related and which propose actions that are meant to guide certain practices (Tonney, 2006). When it comes to the nursing profession, nursing theories comprises of a set of concepts, definitions, relationships and assumptions which result from different nursing models Continue reading...

Introduction

Marijuana is a drug that is extracted from the cannabis plant. Marijuana is mainly used by individuals for the purposes of psychoactive behaviors. The genesis of the name of the drug is Spanish, from the word marihuana. According to various numerous research findings and also the United Nations report on drug use, cannabis is the most widely used drug in the world today. Marijuana can be classified as a stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogen since it exhibits the properties of other drugs classified in their respective classifications.
The effects of consuming marijuana can either be classified as Continue reading...

Introduction
The process of decision making can be referred to as the cognitive mental processes over certain issues regarding the subject matter that result in the appropriate selection of the right course of action among various given alternative scenarios. The end result of any decision making is the selection of a final choice among other several options. Decision making is a vital step and activity in the running of a company (Hoch & Kunreuther, 2004, p 17). Companies face the need to make certain decisions daily. The nature of these decisions is the final and vital determinant whether the firms Continue reading...

When the economic recession of 2009 hit global consumer markets, FMCG companies were forced to relook their supply chain management strategies in order keep their prices below those of competitors. With prices of raw material and power soaring, the company had to review its supply chain management and make several adjustments to remain competitive. Kraft Foods, the second largest food company in the world, has kept a keen eye on future growth requirements, even before the economic recession had set in.

As far back as 2007, the company earmarked an increase of cash flow by $1 billion. Philippe Lambotte, Continue reading...

Introduction

Arguably, world economy in the recent post-industrial times can be said to be an information-intensive atmosphere. A good number of scholars assert that, competition both in global and local market, distinction of the market place, as well as profitability is influenced by efficient knowledge. There are numerous definitions that have been put forward to explain the term ‘knowledge’, depending on the area in which it is applied. In this particular context or rather in the business context, the term ‘knowledge’ is used to refer to the state of being aware and Continue reading...

Introduction

Information technology can be defined as the process of manipulating, distributing and processing information. Information technology is increasingly becoming a key component of most organizations. To remain relevant and competitive in an ever changing global environment, organizations are making use of information technology to stay ahead of the rest. The needs and behaviour of customers are changing and many businesses are making use of Information technologies to differentiate themselves and gain competitive advantage through efficiency and value. Organizations can develop competitive advantage by making use IT to make key decisions related to strategy, project management, outsourcing and corporate Continue reading...

When the economic recession of 2009 hit global consumer markets, FMCG companies were forced to relook their supply chain management strategies in order keep their prices below those of competitors. With prices of raw material and power soaring, the company had to review its supply chain management and make several adjustments to remain competitive. Kraft Foods, the second largest food company in the world, has kept a keen eye on future growth requirements, even before the economic recession had set in.
As far back as 2007, the company earmarked an increase of cash flow by $1 billion. Philippe Lambotte, Continue reading...

Critical approach to security is a theory which emerged in the mid 1990’s as a result of a conference held in Toronto, Canada. It is based on critical desires which challenge the traditional approach to security. It argues that the state cannot be a sufficient object of reference to security and that the definition and the sources of security and insecurity should thought of in broader terms than in the traditionalist approach to security. It is from the above challenges that the constructivist theory to security was developed. The critical approach to security proposes the formation of conceptual Continue reading...

Initiating and agreeing on a strategic planning process

For strategic management to be effective, the key decision makers have to be involved. It would be company to involve people from three organizational levels. This is the top management, middle management and the technical department of the frontline staff. The top management is involved in communications within the organization and outsiders. They are also quick to perceive where there are mismatches between the organization and the environment. They are able to see the threats and opportunities in the external environment. More importantly Continue reading...

1.1 Overview of the Topic

Middle school is a level of study that involves the transition of students from being children to teenagers, and such children are faced by both internal and external changes. Internally, they are facing the onset of hormonal changes occasioned by the onset of adolescence while externally they grapple with esteem issues and the need for freedom. Children in middle school present a complex disciplinary conundrum that requires tact and skill to manage effectively. This is in part due to idea of figuring out criteria for social interactions and in part due to minimal or lack of understanding on matters relating to respect (Eriwn, & Soodak, 2012).

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Jean Piaget’s theory

The theory of cognitive development is very critical in understanding the behavior of human beings both psychologically and physiologically. Cognitive psychologists view development as consisting of reorganization and acquisition of cognitive structures through which human being process and store information (Ellery, 1925).
Piaget asserts that there are various stages in the development of an individual. Children in these stages often have different physical, emotional, social, and psychological differences. In the case of a twelve year old, who weighs 180lbs and is 5’1 tall, his behaviors will differ with that of a grown Continue reading...

When ordering for goods it is always important to first fill in an order sheet that might be in a specific order book especially when dealing with large companies. The order sheet gives details of the goods being ordered for by anyone. It has an identification number that specifically identifies that particular order and makes it unique from the rest. This order when it is dully filled in is sent to the supplier and a copy is left with the ordering firm. This makes it easy when it comes to claims Continue reading...

The modern world is a global village where information exchange and information processing are of paramount importance. Companies are linked to their customers and suppliers by numerous information networks, the ever-expanding internet being a major player in the industry. Thus, information processing is a way to view organizations and their designs. Both information systems and individuals possess a capacity to process information, but this capacity, however, is not unlimited and the scarcity of information-handling ability is an essential feature for the organization’ Continue reading...

Being a great manager requires being a great leader. Though the terms leader and manager are often used in business world to describe a person who manages a team of people, these terms have different meanings in the scope of organization. The main difference between leaders and managers is in the way they motivate other team members. Managers are more organizational, they have their plans and people they manage to embody these plans. They are given their role and power to control their subsidiaries in the company, and these subsidiaries get motivated to do their job because of manager’ Continue reading...

Introduction

Human cloning is the creation of identical human being in the laboratory. It is an artificial process and is conducted with stem cell research and biotechnology. Reproductive cloning would give rise to human clones. Animal cloning is practiced from past few years and with the birth of Dolly, the sheep cloning has become the prime research area of many scientists. The reproductive cloning is dealing with many controversial issues and is banned in several countries including United States. The discussion on should human cloning be legalized or banned is a discussion issue among the Continue reading...

In the past few weeks, there has been debate in the company about the role of the human resources department in the formulation of the strategic plans of the company. This report seeks to justify that the human resources of the company are key to the long term achievement of profitability and growth objectives of the organization.

The major objective of the human resources department is to ensure the effective management of the Continue reading...

Effects of ageing: Psychosocial, Behavioral and Biological Changes

The ageing process is characterized by various: psychosocial, behavioral and biological changes. With adequate healthcare interventions, the ageing individual is able to cope with these changes and live a fully functional life. The role of nursing in such a venture cannot be sidelined.

Psychosocial Effects of Ageing

Psychosocial effects of aging can best be explained using Ericksons’ theory of psychosocial development. Researchers posit that after approximately 65 years, an individual either undergoes integrity or despair as they reflect on their lives and the choices Continue reading...

1. Familiarise yourself with the various network addressing terms e.g. socket.

Socket: a socket is a combination of an IP address (where the computer is located) and a port and places it together into a single identity – a good analogy is a telephone where the actual phone connection is a combination of a given phone number and a particular extension. In computer networking, an Internet socket or network socket is an endpoint of a bidirectional inter-process communication flow across an Internet Protocol-based computer network, such as the Internet.

Subnet Mask: A subnetwork is a distinct and visible Continue reading...