Essays on Cycle

Omer Bese

Supervised
Asst. Prof. Fusun Tut Haklidir

Energy Systems Enginering

Istanbul Bilgi University
2014

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF SYMBOLS/ABBREVIATIONS
1. Introduction 3
1.1. Goal of the Study 3
1.2. Renewable Energy Sources 3
1.3. Geothermal Energy 3
1.3.1. What is Geothermal Energy? 3
1.3.2 Geothermal Reservoirs 4
1.3.3 Present Status of Geothermal Energy 7
1.4 Geothermal Applications around the World 7
1.4.1Geothermal Applications in Turkey 8

Flash steam power plants 10

Single Flash 10
Double Flash 11
Triple Flash 11
Binary Steam Power Plants 11
Binary Cycle Types and Differences 11
Organic Rankine Cycle 12
Kalina Cycle 12
Positive and Negative Ways 12
Companies that Produce Binary Continue reading...

Life Cycle Costing

Life Cycle Costing
The life cycle costing method accumulates all the costs associated with the production of the specific product from the beginning to the end of the production. The life cycle costing method tells and assists to the management of the business in making the price of the product more competitive as compared to the competitors in the market. The life cycle costing method accumulates and tracks all the costs to be incurred in the production of the new project before decision making. The life of any product is divided into five stages according to the life cycle Continue reading...

A1. Explain how enzymes act as catalysts in biochemical processes (e.g., fructose metabolism, glycolysis); A2. Explain how a deficiency in aldolase B can be responsible for hereditary fructose intolerance; A4. Discuss the specific substrate acted on by aldolase B during the breakdown of fructose; A5. Explain the role of aldolase B in the breakdown of fructose by discussing the products of the reaction.
Enzymes are proteins that work as catalysts in reactions. A catalyst is something that is neither created nor destroyed during a reaction. Instead, an enzyme is shaped such that when the substrate reacts with the enzyme Continue reading...

Introduction3

1.1 Purpose of Report..3
1.2 Outline Structure3
2.1 A structured reflection based on Kolb’s Learning Cycle..4
2.2 Peer Review6
3.1 Discussion of the significance of Organizational culture upon the employees with reference to organizational structure.7
3.2 Peer Review.10
4.1 Workforce Planning Presentation..10
4.2 Peer Review.12
5.1 Conclusion13
5.2 Future Plans.13

References .14

Managing People and Organizations
Introduction
Throughout this course, the class has presented with several vital information that will help to progress in the workplace and beyond. The information that has sustained in the following development of my career path is Kolb’s Learning Cycle. The world is constantly Continue reading...

Marketing concepts are approaches that are used by companies to market their products, satisfy consumer expectations and increase profits. Consumer expectations and preferences are the biggest influences of the choice of a marketing concept. In the process of satisfying customer needs, the company achieves its objective of making profits or increasing its market share. There are many concepts of marketing such as market segmentation, product cycle and customer satisfaction. These concepts are used in various industries because of their flexibility and effectiveness. Market segmentation aims at dividing the market into groups that have homogeneous needs. Product cycle model is Continue reading...

Travelling salesman problem is a grouped as a NP-hard problem. The problem involves identifying the shortest route that a sales man would follow to visit several cities. The travelling salesman problem model several problems of real life applications. There are approximations algorithms developed to solve the problem. However, an exact feasible solution to the general Travelling salesman problem has not been developed; although, the problem has been under research for more than half a decade. Small traveling salesman problems have been solved using exact algorithms developed through various methods, such as genetic algorithms. Continue reading...

Geothermal power plant operates under various cycles: single flash steam cycle; double flash steam cycle; triple flash steam cycle; kalina cycle; and pure cycle power plant. These cycles are discussed below.

Single Flash Steam Cycle

Single flash steam cycle is as illustrated in figure 1.
Figure 1: Single flash steam cycle (source (Chegg))
The liquid is tapped from the production well. It is then flashed to a required pressure. The vapour separated from the liquid in the separation chamber is then passed to the turbine. The liquid from the condenser and separator is reinjected back to the well.

Double Flash Steam Cycle

This cycle has two flash Continue reading...

Although Cash and Operating Cycle are both the measure as in what time period, money flows back into business, but they both differs marginally in terms of aspects of cash flow they measure:

Operating Cycle:

This metric indicates the amount of time it takes for the company to get the money invested in inventories back into cash. The metric is purposely called operating cycle as the process of purchasing raw material, processing it, selling the items and using the cash recovered from customers and then again using the cash generated to purchase the raw material will go on until the company Continue reading...

Abstract

A hybrid car is a car used to drive the drive wheels more than one energy source.
Hybrid car called the vehicle driven by using the hybrid power plant. A distinctive feature of the hybrid power plant is to use two or more sources of energy and their corresponding engines that convert energy into mechanical work. Some sources of information used, the term "hybrid engine", which from a technical point of view is incorrect.
Despite the diversity of sources of energy (thermal energy of gasoline or diesel fuel, electricity, compressed air energy, the energy of the compressed liquefied gas, Continue reading...

Introduction

The public concern about food production sustainability has increased of late because of the increase in the world population as well as the growing natural resources insufficiency. Although numerous sustainable practices of cultivation have been developed up to now, the overall impacts of the introduction of these sustainable practices into the farm management are still vague. The life cycle assessment plays a crucial role in assessing the environmental impact of the whole systems of production from the life cycle point of view. Although some countries have applied LCA to the agricultural systems, its applications to the production of rice Continue reading...

A cycle is a serious of operations repeated systematically to get the desired result. On the other hand, cycle time is the ample time required to complete a cycle. Cycle time represents time that is needed to complete a process. This is mainly applied in manufacturing process and performing activities that requires fixed time to get the desired result. In quality control, time is defined for every activity in the process. This ensures that each activity is accorded enough time for a complete conversion or processing. In standard operations, cycle time is calculated as working hours per day/daily quantity Continue reading...

TEXTILE DESIGN

The Mysterious Cycle: Fashion Repeats Itself
The fashion cycle has been happening since people started wearing clothes. A basic fashion continues eto repeat thougou history. Trends and fashions seem unique to customers who buy and wear the fashion during a particular decade. In clothing skirt lengths change over the years. The hem of a dress or skirt cycles from shorter to longer over decades. This essay discusses the theory of fashion cycles and some examples in fashion and fabric. Fabrics of many varieties and compostions are used for fashion and interior design. There are new styles that are affecting Continue reading...

Chemistry

Thermodynamics of Refrigeration

In the olden days winter was the best time of the year for cold drinks, sorbets and ice creams because ice was readily available. Without a thorough understanding of thermodynamics our communities might have to be brought their ice in an ice wagon just like in the olden days. The laws of thermodynamics were developed by scientists and used when processes of the Industrial Revolution were developed. The physics of heat transfer are applied in order to transfer heat away from the portion of a refrigerator or air conditioning that needs to continually cool the air. Continue reading...

Operating cycle for a firm is the average time it takes from the receipt of raw materials for production to collection of cash from the sale of finished goods (Megginson & Smart, 2008). On the other hand, cash conversion cycle for a firm is the average time it takes from the payment to suppliers of raw materials to the collection of cash from the sale of finished goods. The difference between the two emanates from credit trade agreements between a firm and its suppliers such that the firm pays for the raw materials received at a later date. The difference Continue reading...

Today, it is of the greatest importance for every company on the market to introduce a system of business metrics as it help to estimate whether the company is successful and whether it has reached its goals for the set period of time.
In general, business metrics is a system of quantifiable measures that are commonly used to track a specific business process or the company’s activity in general. Use of the system of business metrics is aimed at determining whether the company is financially healthy and moves in the right direction.

Slide 2 – New Business Metrics

Today, there are many different key Continue reading...

Internet Encyclopedia of Garbage

- Term: Nitrogen Cycle Page of Coffel text:

Term: Nitrogen Cycle
Page Title: The Nitrogen Cycle: Processes, Players, and Human Impact
Organization Operating Server: Nature Education
Hyperlink: The Nitrogen Cycle: Processes, Players, and Human Impact
Brief Justification of Web Site as Appropriate: This page is from the Nature Education Knowledge Project. It explains the nitrogen cycle and illustrates how important it is for the survival of ecosystems which sustain plant and animal life. The implications of human interference with the nitrogen cycle are also explained.

Web Site No.: 2

Term: Nitrogen Cycle

Page Title: Water Treatment Solutions

Organization Operating Server: Lenntech
Hyperlink: Water Treatment Solutions
Brief Justification of Continue reading...

Abstract

This research sought to understand how operation management, total quality management and information management lead to effectiveness and efficiency in the process of offering a service. In order to understand dynamics in the process of the human resource, it is important to obtain information regarding the process of offering a service in a given organization. The intent of this research is to determine the processes at Bus Cleaning Club Company. Through the analysis of data, the research intends to determine whether the company is experiencing any operational problems. This was determined by identifying the processes that are used in Continue reading...

Introduction

Majority of the residents of Wisconsin enjoy travelling on the scenic roads as well as highways of the county. Unfortunately, during the motorcycle scenic travels, the riders and their passengers may be involved in accidents. Motorcycle accidents have been devastating, and such accidents have been extremely experienced in Wisconsin, USA. During the accidents, the people involved may suffer injuries that are due to the failure to have safety measures in place. External protection can be of a great save against injuries caused by motorcycle accidents. One external protection measure that has been attributed to preventing people from injuries is Continue reading...

Introduction

With the rise in globalization pressures, it has become necessary for businesses to expand their operational activities and serve more targeted audience or population to capture more market share. Additionally, businesses do this activity to create more shareholder wealth as wealth. In this regard, one of the biggest challenges which financial managers come across is the maintenance of the liquidity position of the business. It is important to every organization to keep itself liquid to keep its credit and counterparty risk to a sustainable level .
One of core concepts in this situation is the investigation into the Cash Conversion Continue reading...

Book Review

Introduction
Cycles: The Science of Prediction by Edward R. Dewey and Edwin F. Dakin, published March 1947 by Henry Holt & Co. NY. This is a much-criticized book but it is very importance in the field of economic development. In this book the authors have tried to shows that the 54-year price-production cycle of commercial activities and the 18 1/3 year Real Estate Cycle have much more importance than any other cycles in forecasting the situation of the economy presently. The authors have name the 54-year price-production cycle as a "Kondratieff Cycle" and the "long wave" because its length is Continue reading...

Lately there is a fierce debate going on whether not the organic farming has the capacity to provide food for 6 billion people in the world. Organic farming is a form of agriculture which is more eco-friendly emphasizing on natural way of food production. Unlike conventional farming in which copious amount of fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides are used; organic farming relies on natural means like compost, manure and other natural sources of fertilizers which are not produced in a chemical plant (HDRA). Organic farming does not use any synthetic fertilizers or artificial means to control pests and weed. Instead Continue reading...

Business Cycles

Generally a business cycle is defined as a cycle consisting of a period of declining aggregate economic activity that is followed by a period of rising economic activity. The low point of the contraction is called the trough and the high point of the expansion is called the peak.
According to Macroeconomic Schools of Thought; “a macroeconomic model that focuses on real, rather than monetary, causes of the business cycle”.

However a renowned website describes business cycle as;

“The term business cycle (or economic cycle) refers to economy-wide fluctuations in production or economic activity over several months or years. These fluctuations occur around a long-term growth trend, Continue reading...

The doctor suspects mitochondrial disease which can occur at multiple levels in different mitochondrial processes. To help the doctor determine where the defect might have occurred:

1. Explain what would happen if the interconversions of the Cori cycle occurred and remained within a single cell.

The cori cycle refers to a pathway of carbohydrate metabolism which links the processes of anaerobic glycolysis (glucose breakdown) in skeletal muscle tissue and glucose synthesis that is gluconeogenesis in liver cells. Anaerobic glycolysis is the major source of energy in form of ATP for skeletal muscle cells when they are under intense activity; Continue reading...

(City, State)
The Cori cycle, which is also referred to as Lactic acid cycle, is a metabolic pathway where lactate that is produced through anaerobic glycolysis taking in the muscle moves to the liver to be converted into glucose. The glucose produced is then taken back to the muscles to be converted again to lactate. They activities in the muscle get their energy from the breakdown of molecules of glycogen through the glycogenolysis. This process results in the production of a glucose molecule in the glucose-1-phosphate (G-1-P) form. The G-1-P is then converted by the phosphoglocomutase enzyme to G-6-P, Continue reading...

The response by this student is not sufficient and is not to the point. The student goes off the topic that is asked and talks about the American Standards regarding sex crimes. This is not what was required. Nevertheless, the issues that the student raises are valid and to the point. It is true that standards of sex crimes have evolved in America and even in the world all over. Actions which were considered to be criminal some years ago are no longer the case. This is attributed to the development in education and awareness of the responsibilities that Continue reading...

Introduction

Inventories are the raw materials which the company has stored for use in production. Inventory management refers to the policies and inventory models that the company uses to conduct its operations. There are different kinds of inventory management models which are dependent on the nature and types of inventory that the company holds.

There are certain factors that have to be considered when considering the optimum inventory model. There is the ordering cost which is the price the company pays to the supplier for placing an order. It is assumed that the ordering cost has a variable and a Continue reading...

Abstract

Before making any decision on the choice of an investment plan, it is very important that the individual carries out an intensive evaluation on the available investment options. Real estate is a very significant part of investment portfolio due to its numerous advantages and the les associated risks as compared to other forms of investments. As a Personal Retirement Plan, I opt for real estate. In this work, I have thoroughly investigated the theories and literature on real estate as an investment plan, and examined the both the benefits and the risks associated with such kind Continue reading...

In the world we live in today we are constantly bombarded with news that we are destroying our world. Organisations are clamouring for people to go green and try to do their bit to save mother earth or so we don’t lose her forever. People are still divided on what to believe or even what little contribution they may be able to do to make a difference in their world. Many people feel like they are just one person and are therefore too small to make any kind of change. However I know that if everybody had that Continue reading...

The glyoxylate refers to the anaplerotic pathway of the TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle, which enables growth in organisms using C2 compounds and bypassing the steps that generate carbon dioxide in the TCA cycle. The two unique enzymes that are used in this route are malate synthase and isocitrate lyase and malate synthase (Dunn, Ramírez-Trujillo, & Hernández-Lucas, 2009). Another notable difference between the glyoxylate cycle and the TCA cycle is that the glyoxylate cycle uses two molecules of acetyl CoA enter in every turn as compared to one acetyl CoA molecule used in the citric acid cycle.
Just like Continue reading...

1. Introduction

Climate change is only one of the adverse affects that experts claim would result from global warming if it were not prevented from happening through the decrease or elimination of greenhouse gas emissions. As such, experts have constantly warned governments about the possible risks. Already, we see this happening in the natural disasters that we’ve experienced over the past two decades. One such incident recently happened in Jeddah, particularly in the year 2009, when heavy rains caused an extensive damage to the city.

In this regard, this paper will perform an analysis of the said 2009 Continue reading...

Enzymes as Catalysts

All known enzymes are catalysts. Enzymes have a number of properties that make them catalysts. To begin with, enzymes accelerate the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up them or altered by the reaction (Luciano, 1983).similarly; enzymes accelerate rates of chemical reactions without changing the equilibrium between the products and reactants of the reaction.

Metabolism of Fructose in the Liver

Once fructose is absorbed, it is rapidly taken up by the liver by glucose transporter, GLUT2(Bozzetti,2006).The fructose in the liver is rapidly metabolized by the enzyme fructokinase into fructose -1-phosphate.Aldolase B enzyme acts on the substrate fructose -1-phosphate.The enzyme Continue reading...

Mountain pine beetle (MPB) (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) is a bark beetle that lays eggs within the vascular system of the mature trees of lodgepole pine (Pinus
contorta). First known epidemic infestation was recorded in 1994 in the forests of British Columbia (BC). Prior to 1994, the infestation was negligible, owing to the fact that extreme low temperatures of winter killed the beetle, thereby curbing the problem. In the past two decades, however, due to global warming the winter temperatures are not low enough to kill the beetle. This has escalated the problem of deforestation and thereby has unbalanced the Continue reading...

Introduction

Economy experiences macroeconomic fluctuations over time that affects economic growth. The aggregate output, consumption, investment, net export, and employment may tend to grow over time but then drop suddenly. Economists continue to discern the current condition of the economy and where it is heading so that they can effectively deal with future economic events. Macroeconomic fluctuations mainly involve changes that occur in the demand-side of the economy, which determine the gross domestic product.
GDP= C+I+G+NX
Gross domestic product is never constant, but change due to many reasons like changes in government policies mainly in interest rates Continue reading...

1.1: Structure and Function of reproductive organs

Diagram of female reproductive organs

AC 1.2 Testosterone, Progesterone and Oestrogen
Oxford definitions of Testosterone, Progesterone and Oestrogen. These are as follows:
- Testosterone: Testosterone is a steroid hormone stimulating development of male secondary sexual characteristics.
- Progesterone: Progesterone is a steroid hormone that maintains pregnancy and prevents further ovulation. It is also used in oral contraceptive pills.
- Oestrogen: A groups of steroid hormones, which promotes the development, and maintenance of female sexual characteristics.
The Menstrual CycleInterview of three women regarding their experience of menstrual cycle. Three women, Mrs. A, Miss B and Mrs. C, were Continue reading...

Affiliated institution

Geothermal Binary Rankine Cycles
Abstract
This report is for a LOW-BIN (Efficient Low Temperature Geothermal project. The main objective is to study and recommend specific optimal Rankine cycles using water as the primary source of heat. The water is at a temperature of 1600C. This Rankine cycle is using R134 as working fluid for the geothermal power machine. This project is supposed to generate electricity from low temperature resources with profitable operation down up to around 600C. The main Rankine Cycle parameters and components are idealized. This is as found in the shell, the tube condenser and the heat Continue reading...

The Product Life Cycle

The life cycle of a product is divided into four stage based on the revenue generated by the product or service. The life cycle concept may apply to a category of product or brand with varying duration for different products or brand. The stages that a product goes during the product life cycle include introduction stage, growth stage, maturity stage, and decline stage. During the introduction stage, most companies concentrate their efforts in advertising and promotion to make consumers aware of their product. Because of low sales and high cost, most companies tend to lose money during this stage. Continue reading...

Chapter 7 Classroom Process Management

What are the three elements of “process management”?
Design Control Improvement (never ending)
(inputs) (such as reduce variation)
- Design
ensuring that the inputs to the process, such as materials, technology, work methods, and people are adequate, and that the process steps are well-defined, mistake-proofed, sequenced properly, lean, and understood for consistent and effective execution.
- Control
assessing whether the process performed as planned and the process output is on target.
- Improvement
continually seeking to achieve higher levels of performance in the process, such as reduced variation, higher yields, fewer defects and errors, and so on.
- Continue reading...

Any firm should pay attention to its inflows and outflows of the cash in order not to become a bankrupt. Thus, focusing on operating cycle and cash conversion cycle, which include all cash flows in and out of the firm, its financial situation can be easily estimated.
Regarding operating cycle, it is the period of time from the moment the firm spends money to buy raw materials till it receives money from sales of products (Baker, p. 163). Also, it includes the duration of work-in-process and finished goods and time needed to sale these products. As for the cash Continue reading...

Business Cycles

Economic or business cycles are fluctuations in economic activity (economic conditions), consist of repeated compression (economic recession, recession, depression), and expansion of the economy (economic recovery). Cycles are periodic, but usually irregular. Usually (in the framework of the neoclassical synthesis) are interpreted as fluctuations around the long-term trend of economic development.
Cyclicity in the development of a market economy is explained, first of all, by the influence of internal factors inherent in the system itself. The mechanism of the "invisible hand" of the market on the basis of economic laws (laws of supply and demand, competition, capital accumulation) is Continue reading...

Vice President of Operations, Part 2

Vice President of Operations, Part 2
Apple Inc. Corporation was the production company that was opted for deliberation within this paper. Apple Inc. denotes the multinational company that produces mobile phones that are inclined with the latest technologies. As a result, it has earned the mobile platform the name smart phones due to the features that they have on them. That substantiated that the corporation was well renowned and that its operational strategy was working as it was expected. The operational strategy can, therefore, be abided by to offer the company with all that is needed for it to Continue reading...