Essays on Victim

Victim Assistance Program

Victim assistance program is designed to help victims in leading them a good life by giving them the rights that they deserve as human being and part of the society. Victims should be treated with due respect in order to improve their situation. Victims should be given more opportunities and government along with the society has a moral as well as social duty towards them. Every effort should be worn out to make their life comfortable. This paper discusses the victim assistance program and further describes several significant works that are done by scholars on the subject matter.

Annotated Bibliography

Adams, Continue reading...

Should the death penalty be mandatory for people that kill other people?

The saying goes do unto others what you would have them do unto you. Therefore, the price for taking away life should cost the offender his or her life. Different kinds of punishment have been used to discourage criminals from unlawful actions, and the greater the criminal act the greater should be the punishment. The death penalty is a controversial issue and people base their arguments for or against death penalty on practical, emotional, religious or practical grounds. People in favor of the capital punishment argue that it improves peace in the society by ensuring that such people do not offend again, it is a just retribution and less expensive.

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I chose my essay to be ‘an argument for making the death penalty mandatory for murders’ because it has been a dilemma in the society. There have been sections advocating for its abolishment and those for its reinforcement. However, statistics show that murder rates are increasing and break outs in prison increase due to advanced technology, hence there have been calls to make the death penalty for murder mandatory so as to rid offenders from the society and prevent the crime reoccurring.
To make my essay stronger for the portfolio, I did revisions in the four sections of the Continue reading...

Introduction

Although rape and sexual assault are serious offenses, public discourse about these issues fail to clearly address the problems that victims go through even after these atrocious acts were committed against them. In reality, despite public acceptance of rape and sexual abuse as crime and the mandate for the punishment of those that commit these acts, the overall public response to these crimes are underwhelming to the point of bringing about detrimental impact on the life of victims. On one hand, we have a system that fails to prevent rape and sexual abuse and protect people and victims alike Continue reading...

Introduction:

This paper is a case study about a crime that occurred at Old Annapolis Road, Columbia on 11th March 2000 at 0030 hours. The nature of the crime was homicide and the victim of the crime was a teenager by the names Ashley Nicole Smith. She was found brutally murdered by stabbing in a pool of her own blood in a wooden area that was located just behind 9170 Old Annapolis Road. The suspected murderers of the teen were Scott Roy Jones and Frederick James Johnson. This paper analyses how investigations were conducted from the time her body was Continue reading...

Initially, the law governing the use of Victim Impact Statement (VIS) was not in existence. After a long struggle, the law has been amended, and the testimony of a victim is admissible in a court of law (Cassell, 2009). The Supreme Court of the United States of America has contributed to the development of this law in a variety of ways. First, the law is recognized in the constitution which is upheld by the supreme court of the United States of America. This enhances the legality of a victim’s statement during trial. Secondly, the Supreme Court allows victims Continue reading...

Introduction

Rape is an act of violence against the will of the victim. It is defined as “forcing the victim to submit to genital, anal and/or oral sexual acts (SECASA, 2012).” The attacker uses physical force, intimidation and threats to control the situation. The victim fears for her life and obeys the commands of the attacker, as her survival depends on the submission and compliance to the demands of the offender. Rape is an arbitrary event in the lifestyle of the victim. It’s unpredictable, sudden, and unexpected (SECASA, 2012). It is a tragic experience that comes with a devastating Continue reading...

Does the Gender and Race of a Victim Influence Perception of the Jurors

Abstract
The study examines the influence of gender and race to juror perception when it comes to case decisions. In the experiment, a mock proceeding was conducted with the subjects sitting as jurors to judged the male and a female white, Black and Hispanic victim of sexual harassment. The objective of the experiment is to determine whether the decisions of the jurors are influenced by gender and race. The jurors in relation to the victim’s gander and race structured the proposed experiment to illustrate the varying responses in an actual Court proceeding. The study will be supported by Continue reading...

- Introduction
Establishing justice for the victim of a crime is one of the purposes of the legal justice system; it is a founding basis upon which other legal principles are built. There is a difference between justice and revenge, however; and revenge is often the topic of discussion when including victims in the legal process is concerned, particularly in the sentencing phase. The discussion here will center around the question of whether the victim or victims should be involved in the sentencing process, given their close emotional connection with the crime in question.
- Literature Review
A number Continue reading...

Victim Presipitation

Insitution
Victims of Crimes in the United States

Victims of crime are those persons who have directly been on the receiving end of criminal acts. Such act include but are not limited to rape and other sexual assaults, robbery, burglary, property theft, homicide, aggravated assault, simple assault and motor vehicle theft. Acts of violence like domestic violence and violent victimization where weapons are involved are also included. Victims classification also depend on the state where a crime is committed; some states only classify one as a victim in case of a violent crime.
A victim of crime should not Continue reading...

Criminal Law

Abstract
This study aims to present the concept of child abuse in the view of the criminal justice system. It will also present the history of child abuse in the United States as well as the prevalence of child sexual abuse in the United States, particularly in the state of Michigan. This research paper will discuss the current federal policies on child abuse and the intervention strategies and policy scheme involving child abuse cases. Finally, the conclusion of this study will present the new laws that will prevent sexual abuses cases and the role of the government to revise Continue reading...

Introduction

Stalking refers to repeated unwanted attention or obsession targeting a particular individual that would make any reasonable person to feel apprehension or fear (Nadkarni & Grubin, 2000). For a behavior to qualify as stalking, it has to be intrusive and unwanted, and there must be a strong preoccupation with the victim. Stalking activities fall into three categories: following, communicating, and aggression (Nadkarni & Grubin, 2000). Following involves trailing victims to their workplaces and homes, and engineering coincidences. Communicating involves the use of anonymous phone calls, letters, gifts or emails. Aggression involves harassment, threatening victims’ friends and families, vandalism or spreading rumors Continue reading...

Plea Bargaining in American Society

Introduction
Plea bargaining plays a very significant role in the American criminal justice system. It is estimated that approximately 90% of all criminal cases are settled by plea bargain rather than trial by a jury as guaranteed by the Sixth Amendment to the United State Constitution. Throughout this paper, I will discuss what a plea bargain is, benefits of plea bargains, disadvantages of plea bargains, the role of the victim in the plea bargaining process, and recent developments in plea bargaining.

What is Plea Bargaining?

In the American court system, a plea bargain is an agreement between the prosecutor and the defendant in Continue reading...

Theses statement

Cyber bullying is a problem that many teenagers have to face daily while at school or carrying out extracurricular activities away from their parents, and has serious short-term and long-term effects

Introduction

According to Kulkarni, Ravindran & Freeza (2007; 115), the easier the current technology becomes the higher, the risk of information leakage especially among young generations. Today’s boys and do not require personal confrontation because they always face many threats in different websites that they access every day. Bullying is an action of the past practiced by young teenagers, but the emergence of technology has provided them with a Continue reading...

Introduction
Crime continues to be a rampant problem in many societies, as conflict proves to be a natural engagement between humans. With that, regulating criminal acts have reached varying extents targeting both the punishment of offenders and the elimination of the causes leading to those kinds of acts. Emerging as among the most potent forms of responding to crimes is restorative justice – a concept that requires constructive cooperation and communication between parties to a criminal case (Umbreit 1).
This study serves as a descriptive account explaining the nature of restorative justice, with emphasis on one Continue reading...

Introduction

It is obvious that our culture today is filled with victim mentality. This is a clear reflection of our society’s reality where it is easier for people to blame others because of their unhappy existence and situations (Morin, 2011). People lack the power to influence changes in their lives due to the perception that their lives element are far out of control. In most cases they tend to ask themselves, ‘why do bad things keep happening to me?’ These are habits that we find in so many people around us and at times we find ourselves in this Continue reading...

Domestic Violence

Domestic violence refers to the pattern of behaviors that involve the abuse from one partner to another with whom there is an intimate relationship such as cohabitation, marriage, dating as well as in a family. It is a pattern of behaviors that happen in a relationship and is used by a partner to maintain or gain power or control over the other partner. The violence may either be sexual, physical, emotional, psychological, economic or even threats through actions that may influence another individual. These actions include those behaviors that intimidate, frighten, terrorize, manipulate, hurt, blame, injure, humiliate or wound Continue reading...

Introduction

Time has come to treat domestic violence with the seriousness it deserves. The failure by law enforcement officers to react to domestic calls immediately exposes the victim, as well as the community at large, to dangers that may lead to the eventual loss of life. As it has happened in the past, sometimes law enforcement officers do not treat domestic violence as any other crime. The cases of Thurman v. City of Torrington and Castle Rock v. Gonzales point to a failure by the police department to handle domestic violence with the urgency that it needs (Meloy & Miller, 2010). Continue reading...

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Abstract

Victims of rape and sexual assault usually go through a harrowing, traumatic experience both on the mental and physical level and so, the process of recovery is usually slow and gradual. Rape can occur irrespective of gender, though it is common among women. They cannot be expected to cope on their own and require support from friends and family members. The support group of the victim has to look after issues related to health, justice and welfare while the victim makes a complete recovery. This research seeks to Continue reading...

Consent is one of the recognized grounds for a defense in the commission of a crime. This type of defense is usually invoked in the cases involving criminal sexual conduct, physical assault and battery. The court’s approach when recognizing consent as a defense will vary based on the causal conduct of harm afflicted to the victim by an accused. The circumstances will dictate whether the court will appreciate consent as a valid defense against liability. As a general rule, the victim’s consent will not automatically excuse an accused from liability for the harm caused. It is actually Continue reading...

Hate Crimes: Definitions and Introduction

A “hate crime” are “criminal actions intended to harm or intimidate people because of their race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, religion or other minority group status,” as listed in the works of Herek (1989) and Levin and McDevitt (1993). In the 1990s, the issue of hate crimes, or “bias crimes,” has generated rising attention from activists, policy makers, and social analysts. Much of the amplified concern has displayed an inference in that all criminal activities have adverse impacts for the victim, bias crimes must be considered as a unique case owing to their heightened effects on the victim of the Continue reading...

Question 1

The conflict between the rights of the victim and that of the defendant has elicited a lot of problems in the course of administering justice. The law covers both the defendant and the victim’s rights, but if the rights of the victim and defendant result in a conflict, the case judge often has difficult decision to make -after hearing the opinions of each party. According to the law, the judge should apply the principle of ‘presumptio innocentiae’, whereby the victim is always treated as innocent until proven guilty by the rule of law (Groenhuijsen 167). However, according to Continue reading...

Introduction

Victims of crime often struggle to cope with various physical assaults, psychological and emotional challenges, and financial constraints because of crimes endured. The victims may sustain physical injuries; they may require enhancing their security measure or even shift to evade victimization; feel terrified, anger, or even left paying heavy medical bills. They may even lack time to participate in criminal proceedings. Luckily, there are resources to take care of them, and assist them recover, and there are sources that fund resources.

This paper discusses one of the sources which helps finance the programs that ascertain the welfare of the Continue reading...

Torture is an act where a person inflicts pain upon the other without the latter’s consent. Torture can be done in a multitude of ways such as burning a part of the person’s body, inflicting wounds through the use of sharp objects and crushing an important body part. There are people who enjoy inflicting pain upon themselves or to others because it gives them happiness. Some would say it is part of their devotion to their religions. Many laws and policies have been enacted around the globe in prohibiting torture to others and to one’s Continue reading...

Restorative justice refers to the idea that the simple punishment through incarceration of a criminal may not necessarily end or satisfy the harm, injury or pain of the victim. Moreover, restorative justice argues that punishment by itself is unlikely to change the behavior of the offender in a way that guarantees he will not commit the same act(s) again and that he will feel remorse for the act(s) that he did commit. Accordingly, the aims of restorative justice are threefold. First, it aims to bring closure to the victim, whether it is through allowing them to fully Continue reading...

Impact of Cyberbullying

Bullying has been a swiftly growing epidemic in American schools. More and more children are being harassed during lunch, recess, in the halls, and even in class. There was a time when children could go home and find relief from this bullying. Unfortunately, with the introduction of social media networks like Facebook and Twitter, sometimes children cannot escape bullying; the harassment is following them home. It is called cyberbullying. Many believe that cyberbullying is not a big deal. They think the child can avoid the sites, find new sites, or simply shut off their computer all together to avoid Continue reading...

Why is it Important to Work to Delete Cyber-bullying

Access to information was never as easy as it is today with smartphones and tablets that let us stay connected to the internet every waking minute of our lives. Although a boon in myriad ways, it is transformed into a bane when people start to misuse the internet and commit cyber-crimes. One type of cybercrime is known as cyber-bullying. Cyber-bullying is the use of cell phones, e-mails, social networking sites or chat rooms to send or post threatening, embarrassing or intimidating messages or pictures. It is mostly practiced by teens or preteens to target their peers. The number of Continue reading...

With workplace bullying becoming a growing concern in ensuring a safe and healthy workplace environment, this paper proposes a campaign to promote workplace health and safety against workplace bullying.

Workplace bullying is a personalized and repeated attack on one colleague by another colleague, which results in the victim being socially excluded, losing their job, or becoming physically and mentally unhealthy. Research shows that workplace bullying occurs due to personality differences, economic and social trends, diversity, workplace competition, rewards for aggressive behavior, stressful work conditions, and organizational culture.

In this light, a campaign to address workplace bullying is Continue reading...

3 Comparing Characters in Three Short Stories

Introduction

The Bridegroom is a collection of 12 short stories written by Chinese American writer Ha Jin. The collection depicts the life of contemporary China. Almost all the stories in the collection are set in the last half of the 20th century in the city of Muji in China. The stories have been set after the Cultural Revolution and China’s movement towards capitalism. All these stories have been set on the background of the great cultural and economic changes in China. The cultural and economic transition was a significant phenomenon in China. Continue reading...

Responding to Rape Cases in England and Wales

Background to the problem
Sexual offenses cases such as rape are often the cause for debate in many countries especially when it comes to the capacity of the government to prosecute criminals and aid victims involved. For England and Wales, several laws and programs have been proposed to stop the growth of rape crimes and improve response from the government, from the Sexual Offenders Act of 2003 to the reorganization of government agencies such as the Sexual Assault Referral Centres. However, it is still a question on whether or not these actions are enough to improve how the authorities Continue reading...

Abstract

In this paper we will examine the different aspects of bullying in schools. The purpose of this paper is to determine what is meant by the term “bullying”. Does it mean only physical harassment or does it go deeper than that. We will also detail the effects that bullying has on the victim and what are the concerned authorities doing to curb it. We will also explore the role of teaching staff and parents in preventing bullying and also how a victim can be counseled to overcome the trauma of bullying. Are schools are equipped to handle the menace Continue reading...

The TV series Crime Scene Investigation has for some time been one of the viral and most watched series in the world. With its combination of both reality and fiction, much attention is gained from the viewers who criticize and at the same time big up the captivating work of executive producer Jerry Bruckheimer alongside Anthony E. Zuicker, Ann Donahue and Carol Mendelsohn. CSI is a series depicting the crimes (especially murders and kidnappings) committed in most, if not all of the cities around the continent. Moreover, it shows how these crimes are solved to find the unknown truths Continue reading...

Mass disasters are events that occur without warning and causes large number of deaths. These disasters may be natural, accidental or intentional. Natural disasters include calamities like earthquakes, tsunamis, flooding etc., while accidental disasters include building collapses, train and aircraft disasters. Intentional disasters are observed recently with acts of terror like bombing and other weapons of mass destruction.
The large number of human lives lost in these disasters requires identification. The forensic examination is not only for humanitarian reasons but also for possible criminal investigations. DNA analysis is one of the best methods for identification of individuals from the Continue reading...

Final Project: Cold Case Arrest Warrant Report

Final Project: Cold Case Arrest Warrant Report
This report represents an outline of a homicide investigation. The first section presents the action plan for solving the case. The report also provides a summary of the homicide, armed robbery, and witness statements, and a briefing of evidence and forensic reports. Additionally, it describes the criteria for decision-making and determination of facts regarding the homicide. The report indicates what the investigating officer concludes about the case, in an attempt to obtain an arrest warrant for the suspect.

First, I will manage all evidence collected from the crime scene effectively. Effective evidence Continue reading...

Domestic violence is a phenomenon that is not limited to women alone because even men can experience domestic abuse from women. It pertains to maltreatment and neglect occurring between married couples, non-married yet intimate partners, and same-sex partners. Domestic abuse can happen to anyone regardless of culture, gender, economic standing in society, and level of education. It puts the victim on the defense and always in fear. The victim may experience loss of self-esteem and could even lead to the victim’s eventual death. When this happens, the victim’s death does not put an end to the whole Continue reading...

Magistrates and judges must take into consideration a wide variety of factors in determining the sentencing of offenders. The sentence must primarily coincide with the statutory guidelines that implicated in the Crimes Act 1999 (Sentencing Procedure) (NSW), and guidelines set out by the judicial system that creates precedent for all the magistrates and judges within the country. In regards to the extent of the law the purpose of sentencing fundamentally include, incapacitation, rehabilitation, retribution, and deterrence. In regards to victims, the challenge in achieving a balance in the rights into consideration is their right to make their object complaint Continue reading...

Sexual abuse is seen as one of the gravest crimes a person could commit after murder or killing. A victim is physically and sexually tortured or abused by the suspect, either by forced intercourse or similar acts, which often leads to traumatizing effects for the victim. Some would often find victims mentally unstable after the assault, traumatized to see people with the same gender as their attacker or even be with people. Others would become haunted by nightmares, leading them to taking their lives or succumb to insanity. A few may only attempt to recreate the act and become the suspect themselves for other victims under abuse. However, these general effects vary when it comes to the background and age of the victim. In the case of children, sexual abuse can thwart physical, mental and social development, and also transform a child’s personality for the worst if they are not properly treated. Continue reading...

Plea/Verdict: Not guilty by reason of insanity/Guilty but insane (GBI)

Total Days in Jail: 248
Present Offences: The defendant has been found guilty of felony murder, aggravated assault, kidnapping, burglary, and possession of Schedule I drugs.
Penalty Range: O.C.G.A. § 16-5-1 (d), felony murder; punishable by death, by imprisonment for life without parole, or by imprisonment for life. O.C.G.A. § 16-5-21 (c), aggravated assault upon a peace officer while the peace officer is engaged in his or her official duties; punishable by imprisonment for not less than five nor more than 20 years. O.C.G.A. § 16-5-40 (b), kidnapping, victim received bodily injury; punishable by life imprisonment or by death. O.C.G.A. § 17-10-6.1, kidnapping Continue reading...

Bullying is defined as inappropriate aggressive behavior of school going children that poses a threat to their peers. In other words, the imbalance of power is also categorized under bullying. The aggressive behavior has the potential to be repeated frequently. Bullying does not only have problems for the victims, but in the longer term, it may also create psychological problems for people who bully. Aggressive behavior is not always bullying; therefore, in order for a behavior to be categorized as bullying it should include; imbalance of power, threats, spreading rumors, physical or verbal attacks, exclusion of certain individuals, and Continue reading...

Facts

On the evening of May 18 1985, the defendant and his friend Peter Maskorich were drinking. They left the bar at around midnight. In the early morning hours, the defendant and Maskorich wound up racing the defendant’s boat in Sacramento River. There were no floatation devices in the boat. At 3am, Gary Bingham heard noise and he went outside and saw a boat with two people inside at the bend in the river. Rodney and Susan Logan who were fishing also saw an aluminium boat with two men in it. The boat had no running lights and it Continue reading...