Essays on Mental

Introduction

American citizens, especially adults, spend a large proportion of their overall lifetime in their respective workplaces. The fact that disability will feature in our lives is not debatable. Further, this compulsory element of our lives will eventually feature in our workplaces. Various disability cases are common features in the workplaces. Since disability is not inability, the importance of the disabled individuals in relation to the imputations they enable in the workplace cannot be overlooked. Mental disorder is an inclusive health element of general disability. This research is focused on the element of mental disorders and consequently the way ...

Abstract

All over the world economic challenges have deeply affected the lives of millions of immigrant families and the hardest hit are the children. Skyrocketing economic disadvantages have led to job layoffs and lack of the basic necessities in life and the immigrant children have consequently suffered from immense mental health problems and constant abuse. Low levels of income are inextricably linked with rising levels of homelessness and lack of other basic needs and the immigrant children are particularly affected by these adverse conditions. Thousands of immigrant children have been reported to have a wide variety of mental problems ...

Introduction

Materialism is believed to be one of the simplest explanations of reality. It is the belief that nothing exists which is not physical or material. It even goes on to assert that the commonly held beliefs about the highest realities, spiritual or psychic truths cannot be independent of the physical world. Materialism is thus a meme, or a specific socially determined method of perceiving reality. It’s defined as the metaphysical view that only one substance universally exists and that substance is material, physical or empirical. ...

Philosophy of consciousness, undoubtedly, takes a leading position in Anglo-American philosophical thought of 20th and the beginning of 21st century. Numerous publications, devoted to the problems of consciousness are an indicator of that. Philosophy of mind is a branch of analytical philosophy, which studies philosophical aspects of consciousness problem. The central theme of philosophy of consciousness is relationship between consciousness and brain. In this context brain poses a problem of mind-body, while consciousness is understood as either the aggregate mental states, accessible only to the living being experiencing them, or as a state of monitoring internal ...

In this article, Gary defines Assertive community treatment, ACT, as one of the approaches that can be used to deal with mental illnesses. Schizophrenia is one of the serious mental illnesses. Gary argues that AGT is the best way to organize services and provide essential support for mentally ill individuals. He advocates for community integration together with the clients having conditions such as schizophrenia. ACT is seen by the author as a holistic approach as it will result in provision of medicine, finances, housing, and any other need.

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Q.1.Cross-cultural psychology is a branch of psychology that tries to explain how characteristics of certain people including their behaviors, beliefs, values and way of perceiving certain things affect our way of life or others in a certain community. According to Ethan (2010) in the article ‘The Americanization of Mental illness’, he argues that according to research, mental diseases and diversity located across cultures have changed with time and in different places. He also describes mental illness as involving the mind and the brain therefore; one has less control over it. In addition, he argues that, mental illness ...

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. ~World Health Organization, 1948

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ABSRACT

Previous observational and interventional studies have shown that regular physical exercise may be associated with reduced symptoms of depressions. The degree to which exercise training may reduce depression symptoms in elderly patient with extreme cases of depression disorders hasn’t been evaluated though. However, it has been found that patients who receive antidepressant would respond faster at the initial stages when compared to those who could take both antidepressants and training. Cases of less severe depression, respond more rapidly through exercise than those with more severe depression symptom. It has been noted that exercise would bring the same results as depressants if they were to be used to manage depression.

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Introduction

The ‘yips’ is a term used in sports to describe a transient loss of fine motor skills due to various causes. Although the major etiology is unknown, many researchers attribute it to a psychological and neurological cause. It is a reversible condition which has lead to the end of many sports careers due to poor performance (Vonbrock 50). In golf, it is referred to as a movement disorder that usually impedes with putting. This is because it leads to twitching, jerking and loss of concentration that leads to missing of short putts in golf (Cullen 56).

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Introduction

The use of police discretion is a major challenge to the police today. Police discretion is the availability of a choice of options one can take in a situation. Discretion involves making a judgment and a decision, Dempsey J. (2009). The criminal justice system involves various amounts of discretion. A police can sentence a defendant on bail or order the defendant incarcerated until trial. In police, there are huge cases of discretion because the crimes committed by the people are not always the same. The police have to perform ...

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is a classification of mental disorders, that is used by mental health professionals. The American Psychiatric Association publishes it. The DSM constitutes a listing of psychiatric disorders and their diagnostic codes. The first DSM was published in 1952, other revisions includes DSM II, DSM III, DSM III-Revised, and DSM IV. The most revised version of the DSM, DSM-IV-Text revision, was published in 2000.

DSM IV has a list of 297 disorders. This version differs from the other DSM versions by including clinical significance criterion to more than half ...

Depression

Psychodynamic psychology also called dynamic psychology is the chronological approach to the study of psychological forces and state of the mind in relation to human characteristics stressing the connection between unconscious and conscious procedures with effects to general mental functioning. Dynamic psychology is directed to the idea that humans life undertakings affects their unconscious and conscious ideologies and motivations which in turn correlate with the feelings, character, and general nature of behaviors. Freud the psychologist suggested that the conscious and unconscious parts of the brain come into conflict with each other, resulting to an observation known ...

On 20 June, 2001, Andrea Yates confessed to drowning her five children in their bathtub. The children were aged between six months and seven years. (Reamer, 2005, p 7). Yates immediately confessed to the killings and a long trial followed which drew international attention. Furthermore, the case of Andrea Yates continues to rouse debate today. In her confession following the killings, Yates claimed that she had not been acting as a good mother to her children and that, as a result, her children were failing to develop sufficiently. She implied that she wished to receive punishment from the criminal ...

Leadership and People in an Organization

This paper logs observations I have made during my experience at the Thomas Embling Hospital and corresponds them with my academic learning. I will be identifying specifics of organizational structure by reviewing the mission and vision statements as well as values declared in the hospital’s Annual Report 2008 – 2009 with an aim to analyze the genuineness of the statements and the extent of their implementation in the organization. I will be discussing the present state of acceptance and adjustment to change in healthcare ...

What discoveries in psychology gave rise to the community mental health movement?

The history of the Mental Health movement began when in 1909 the National Committee for Mental Hygiene was established. The objectives of the committee were the preservation of mental health, prevention of psychiatric disorders, as well as improvement of care.

In the 1960s the movement demonstrated the influence of social, cultural and economic factors in mental illness, which later gave birth to the biopsychosocial approach. The approach suggested that physical and psychological are likely to have a biological, psychological and social element that should be understood ...

Statement of the problem

Old age is associated with several mental illnesses, which culminate into other psychosocial issues. For example, dementia and other related conditions such as the Creutzfeudz Jacob’s disease – as caused by advanced senility – have become common in the modern world. Usually, these diseases affect old people, which become more and more problematic as the age advances. The role of caring for the old people has therefore become very vital, usually requiring ...

III. THE DATA AND THE TREATMENT OF THE DATA

1. The Data Needed

This study intends meeting the intellectual, knowledge level, and abilities of the United States military chaplain corps in their diagnostic and treatment of those afflicted with combat related stress. The target population for the proposed study, thus, consists of two sample groups; (1) military chaplains, and; (2) members of the uniformed services who have served in hostile environments subjecting them to possible stress related (Unwin, Blatchley et al., 1999).

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Introduction

The market is very competitive today, and it is important for all organizations to ensure that their employees are motivated and determined to work together for success as they are the backbone of any company. It is not only the management of an organization that needs to be productive and well organized for a successful and smooth running, but the employees at the grass-root level also play a very important role as they are the pillars that support the production and produce the output. Therefore it is a necessity to create such an environment within the organization where ...

Why are babies, who are born to drug-addicted mothers, more likely to abuse drugs as teens and how can this be prevented?

Introduction

The term ‘Mothering’ is a manifestation of all the best practices constituted in the well being of a child. The way mothers perform this behavior is largely influenced by the social norms, rituals and myths. Then, the outcome of Mothering is an amalgamation of social, economic and political influences reflected in the character of a child. Hence mothers should be really concerned about how they raise their children and who is accountable for them. Family and household further extend support to the mothers as mothers alone cannot provide for all the needs of the children. It is the family and society which sets standards for what is good and bad for a child and a mother should be mindful of these differences if she wants to return to the society, a responsible human being.

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Mind is used to refer to the human consciousness that usually originates in the brain and can be manifested through thought, emotion, memory and imagination. It usually influence both the physical and mental behavior. It plays a very important role in taking control of the mental health. Care should be taken in order to ensure that good health is maintained all the time.

Body

The body is used to refer to the physical body of living organisms. It is used in connection with the appearance of an organism. The body is considered in behavior and therefore as ...

Human service provision is concept which refers to the provision of services that are useful in offering solutions to challenges facing humanity. Such challenges include water supply shortage, information services, banking, counseling, health care services, the list is endless. I have for the last fifteen years worked as a Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of a Community Based Organization (CBO) which deals with substance abuse and mental problems. In this paper, I will give advice to professionals who are beginners in human service provision. I will give guidelines on issues of human service such as confidentiality, barrier identification, making and ...

As a child grows he is exposed to various socio-cultural orientations that make him or her to adapt to the changing socialization and social conformity. In order to initiate early developmental of certain skills toys are introduced at various ages. A toy is any object normally associated with pets and children which is used for playing. Toys help in determining how a child grows by developing cognitive behaviors and also improving creativity. They also help in improving physical and mental skills that children will find useful in the future. Also toys allow children to use their minds and their ...

Life span development is a window into the nature of human development from conception to death. The life span perspective involves seven basic contentions: development is lifelong, covers the various life aspects , multidirectional, plastic, historically embedded, multidisciplinary, and contextual (Papaya, 1981)

Development is lifelong. Development includes changes that take place from conception to death.

Development covers various aspects of life. Development consists of biological,cognitive, and social dimensions.

Development is plastic. Depending on the individuals life conditions, development may take many paths.

Development is embedded in history. People's life paths are influenced by the ...

Answer 3 Questions - Psychology

1)What is Psychology?

2)What are its goals?

3)How will the study of Psychology benefit you? ...

Abstract

Affecting about 3-10% of all children, ADHD is among the most frequently occurring Mental Health Childhood Disorders. The methodology utilized in the study is systematic literature review. Research articles were searched from two online data bases that is, Medline and Ovid. The objectives of the review center around three aspects related to the mothers of children who have been diagnosed with ADHD. The review focuses on one describing the variety of stresses experienced by mothers after having their children diagnosed with ADHD. More importantly, it illuminates the policies and procedures available to support these mothers specifically in regard to social and financial support. Finally, it details and discusses evidence based coping strategies that have been found to be effective amongst these mothers.

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The Buddhist Eightfold Path defines the direction to the end of suffering, as described by Siddhartha Gautama (nobel).

The first, and the last, principle of the Path is Right View. This means to see and understand the world as it really is and to understand the Four Noble Truths. The second is Right Intention. This focuses on an individual’s mental energy that controls their actions (eight-fold) Right Speech is the first code of ethical behaviour in the eightfold path. The importance of speech is clear: “words can break or save lives, make enemies or friends, start ...

Drug abuse has become a worldwide issue, where each and every nation is struggling to control and prevent the ever increasing rate of drugs and substance abuse. As of today, the issue has become part of debate in almost all communities and nations in the world, and the question on who should take charge and how these issues should be solved without major effects on the society at large, has also raised more concern.

Drug and substance abuse refers to a maladaptive pattern of frequent use of a certain drug substance, which is not ...

Introduction

Aggression is hostile behavior aimed at causing physical or psychological harm. Aggression can be indirect or direct, verbal or physical and active or passive. There are several social factors that cause aggression. These factors include media violence, Stereotype and social identity, threat Collective narcissism, Status, competition and mating motives personal characteristics, cultural factors direct provocation and frustration among others.

When an individual watches media, observational learning takes place. This brings the indication that excessive exposure to media violence increases probability of any individual to behave aggressively. (Barbara etal, 2010). Metaanalysis and reviews have indicated that this ...

Abstract

The lifespan development study came as a result of Charles Darwin’s aspiration to appreciate the concept of evolution. Stanley Hall published the first study of children; his book pioneered the models and adolescence to scientists (Boyd & Bee, 2006). Lifespan involves the period from conception all through to death. This essay tends to describe the growth and development of human beings during the lifespan period at the same time describing each stage’s attributes consistent with the lifespan perceptions. The various human development domains and periods are acknowledged and modern apprehensions as connected to lifespan development are also ...

Managed Health Executive (October 2010). State of the Industry 2011. Managed Health Executive (October 2010) pp13-22

This study was carried out by MHE (Managed Health Executive) so as to forecast the future of the healthcare system’s future which is changing dramatically. This was done by carrying out a survey amongst readers of MHE. Approximately 650 readers took part in the 2011 State of the Industry Survey. This was carried out electronically using electronic invitations. The readers were from various sectors of the industry and included health plan consultants, providers, administrative firms, managers and employers in ...

1.) What are dual relationships? Why are these relationships considered harmful?

A dual relationship occurs when a psychotherapist acts as a therapist for a client but also assumes at least one other role. Usually the second fold of the relationship could be financial, social, professional or sexual.

Dual relationships between psychotherapists and clients have been criticized and discouraged by the majority of therapists, ethicists and licensing boards, to name just a few. The principle reason for this condemnation is that such relationships are considered harmful for clients and also impede the therapeutic process’ integrity.

At the centre of the ...

A toy is any object normally associated with pets and children which is used for playing. There are different types of toys which normally depend on ages for examples 6 to 12 months, 3 to 5 months and 1 to 3months. Toys help in determining how a child grows by developing cognitive behaviors and also improving creativity. They also help in improving physical and mental skills that children will find useful in the future. For example, a simple toy that one would use to improve hand-eye coordination is wooden blocks. Also toys allow children to use their minds and ...

This article explores the relationship between anxiety and depressant drug addiction. The factors that increase the risk for mental disease and substance abuse are similar. These factors include gender, race, low self-esteem, and genetics. The argument can go both directions. One direction believes that mental disorders increase the risk of drug dependency. The other direction is that substance abuse increases the risk of mental illness. ...

Introduction

With the increased cases of behavioral, developmental and learning disabilities, it is very important for the parents, childcare providers and medical professional to understand clearly the causes and treatment of these disabilities in order to reduce their effects to those persons affected. This study analyses how developmental disabilities can be dealt with to reduce their effects.

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Though LGBT (Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) prisoners face challenges which other prisoners face, sexual orientation, prejudice and gender identity makes the challenges to be more difficult for them. Other human rights violations faced by LGBT persons include: physical and mental integrity rights, freedom of association and that of expression, laws that are discriminating and application of laws in a discriminatory manner (Forsyth et al, 2002). Though most of the unique challenges that LGBT prisoners face have not received extensive litigation, those that have already been litigated might receive a significant change, if the Supreme Court makes a decision that is relatively still. It becomes hard to make a prediction of the claims outcomes. The combination of the unpredictability, transphobia and homophobia may interfere with the decisions that juries and judges make, meaning that, when LGBT prisoners bring their claims in court, they face so many challenges (Kupers, 2010).

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Relapse

Psychotropic mediation mainly focuses on solving a mental disorder by use of drug prescriptions unlike cognitive behavioral therapy which is more concern with the thinking process of a patient. Cognitive behavioral therapy attempts to assess the situation analysis ability of a patient in a bid to offer a solution to the problem of depression or anxiety. It thus concerns itself with the form of thinking of a patient and not the content of thought. Through this- as proved by research-a patients situation analysis mechanism can be examined and improved. It is argued that anxiety and depression mainly emanate from an individual’s interpretation of a given ...

Slavery was an important part of American history as it kept the economy of the country in balance. But eventually slavery led to the Civil War between the Northand South. Slavery was not the only reason of the beginning of the war; there were also the social, political, and economical aspects. Slavery began in 1607 and continued until 1865 in America. Many “black” families were destroyed because people were separated from their families and sold. Slaves even didn’t know where and when they came from. As I have already mentioned, slavery was the reason of the development of ...

Why people abuse prescription medication

Introduction There are several prescription drugs that are abused mostly in the United States. These are opiods, narcotics, pain relievers, depressants and stimulants. People of all ages abuse prescription drugs. The highest rate of abuse however is found in teenagers and young people. In 2008, 1.9 Million teenagers between the ages of 12 and 17 abused prescription drugs ( Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2009) The abuse of the drugs increases among the youth as they grow older being very high in the late teens. It begins to reduce past ...

Abstract

Over the last couple of years, there has been a growing wave in the video gaming world. Video games have developed into an ingrained feature of human lives. In US alone, it was found out that (88%) of the youth between the ages of 8 and 18 play video games (Gentile, 2009). Though only a handful was found to overdo it, (from 8-13 years), there is a wave that is slowly encroaching the world at large. Video game addiction has been linked to frequency of play and the overall time spent in play. Also, the fact that other ...

The article contains information about the differences in livelihoods between the heterosexual homeless families and the transgendered homeless families. The target was the mental and physical challenges that these two face when they come out in the open and the comparisons in terms of the magnitude on each ...

Abstract

Language is a system of transmitting views and expressing ideas in form of speech or in written forms. The vocabulary of any language is a lexicon and it is serves as a connection between a sign and its meaning in any language. Therefore language is divided in three parts: signs, meaning, and a code connecting signs and meanings. In any Language there are four levels which are used to analyse the language. These levels are: Phonology which analyses sounds; Morphology which analyses units forming a language structure; Syntax which analyses rules and principles in forming sentences; and Semantics ...

Financial Costs of the war

The most significant analysis of costs incurred as a result of the Iraq war is that compiled by Professor Stiglitz, a Nobel prize winning economist from Columbia University, and Linda Bilmes, who is a budget expert from Harvard. However, this study is still controversial as it estimates that costs could ultimately reach $3 trillion ($3,000 billion or £1500 billion).

Stiglitz says the figure is so large because it includes costs that official estimates do not, such as the cost of the lifetime medical ...

One of the most widespread queries enquired by students new to the doctrine of psychology is what is psychology? Fallacies created by fashionable media in addition to the varied careers paths of those with psychology degrees have added to this perplexity. Psychology is equally a practical and scholastic field that studies the human mentality and conduct. Research in psychology seeks to appreciate and describe thought, emotion, and behaviour. Psychology is a broad and varied field. A number of diverse subfields and subject areas have materialized. The major regions of research and application within psychology include; Abnormal Psychology, which is ...

Introduction

Psychology in the broader perspective can be argued as the critical examination and investigation of how the brain, intellect actually functions and operates. It also involves the study of the human conduct which is actually influenced by traditions, values, attitudes, ethics, persuasion and also other inherited or genetic factors found in the society. Additionally, psychology also involves the critical analysis of mental and other emotional processes usually experienced in the body. As a matter of fact, the ultimate goal of psychological analysis and examination as a subject is to help one develop the general appearance, ...

Nursing is a very important field and plays the role of defining the treatment which is to be given to a patient. Many hospitals in the world are faced with dilemma of dealing and providing total patient care and team nursing. This paper seeks to address the above issues and it comes up with a proposal of analyzing whether total patient care and team nursing is effective or non effective. The objective of the research will be to examine the concepts total patient care and the factors associated with its use in the team nursing. ...

Free will is the ability of agents to make choices free from certain kinds of constraints. According to the historical views, the constraint of dominant concern is the metaphysical constraint of determinism. The opposing positions within various debates are metaphysical libertarianism, the claim that determinism is not true and thus free will exists and hard determinism, the claim that determinism is true and thus that free will does not be there. These positions, which agree that causal determination is the relevant factor in the question of free will, are classed as incompatibility. Those who do not believe that determinism is relevant are classified as compatibilists, and offer several alternative explanations of what constraints are relevant, such as physical and mental constraints (e.g. imprisonment or chains), social constraints (e.g. censure or threat of punishment), and psychological constraints (e.g. phobias or compulsions).The principle of free will has scientific, ethical, and religious implications. For example, according to the religious realm, free will implies that individual choices and will can coexist with an omnipotent divinity. In other ethics, it may hold implications regarding whether individuals can be held morally fit for their actions.

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Abstract

Stress is a dynamic and interactional process involving intricate body systems with formulations and operationalisation of the components at different levels(1).There is growing evidence that there is a positive correlation between emotional stress and oral health. As will be demonstrated from the literature reviewed in this paper emotional stress can be implicated in oral problems such as ulcerative conditions, inflammatory conditions, dental decay, TMD, RAS and others that continue to be linked to stress. Stress has also been found to aggravate some oral conditions such as oral lichen planus. In some of these conditions the precise mechanisms by which stress causes or aggravates them is not clear though definite association has been demonstrated.

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“A New Kind of Delusion” discusses an exploration by psychiatrist Joel Gold and philosopher Ian Gold. The brothers have been studying a growing mental illness in which a person believes they are, unknowingly, the star of a reality television show. As this sounds somewhat like the protagonist’s actual fate in the 1998 film “The Truman Show,” the brothers have coined the condition the ‘Truman Show delusion’. Gold and Gold deem this to be a culturally based display of psychotic thinking.

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In Macbeth, ambition combines with evil forces to commit evil deeds which result in fear, apprehension, guilt and an escalating cycle of violent murders. Above all, Macbeth is a study of the psychology of two central characters (Macbeth and his wife) react as individuals and as a couple to the psychological trauma of their evil deeds. In the course of the action, Macbeth frequently misconstrues the guilt that he feels as simply being a question of fear. As a warrior, this self-delusion works because he thinks that he knows no fear and it leads directly to his response to his guilt and his descent into more violence. His usual way of expiating his guilt is to commit more murders, either personally or by order. This, unfortunately, only provokes further guilt and mental torment.

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Introduction

Ernest Miller Hemingway was born in July 21, 1899, Oak Park, Illinois. He was an American writer and journalist. Most of his works were fiction characterized by mainly economy and understatements. Owing to his profession of being a journalist he was also an adventurous person. He did his production in the 20th century (the mid 1920s and also mid 1950s). He ventured into journalism after finishing school where he worked for The Kansas City Star. Afterwards he left for the Italian font where he became an ambulance driver during World War I. This is what led to the ...

My Personal Theory of How Personality Is Developed

It is a common fact that personality is considered to be possessed by all people in this or that way. How people tend to think, behave and feel and what causes individuals to have these tendencies are the questions addressed by personality study and research. If developmental psychology and social psychology have merged as a subject matter in psychology, personality has never really found that unity. There has never been a fundamentally acceptable and precise definition as to what personality truly is. These aspects have ...

Introduction Psychology is simply defined as the study of the behavior of human Psychology is simply defined as the study of the human behavior and mind. Research in this area is geared towards explaining behavior, thoughts and emotions. Human identity is one of the major components of behavioral psychology. This forms the core of discussion in this article. Identity is one of the key issues dealt with in the study of psychology. Behavioral scientists have developed several approaches to the study of identity. This article discusses two f the major theories of psychological approaches to identity and their contributions ...

1st Essay

The thesis statement of this paper aims to supports the use of teaching social skills to ADHD children unlike the various limitations ADHD medications has. The paper essay maps first describes the three points regarding ADHD medication in the first essay and later describes the opposing side supporting teaching social skills on the second essay. The topic sentences that connect each paragraph with this essay map include the sides’ effects of ADHD medications, ADHD potential addictions and drug abuse as well as addressing the key root of the problem. These factors discourage the use of ...

Introduction According to Erik Erikson’s theory, youth is a time of self discovery (Alice and Landale 2011). A young person attempts to seek individual identity which is separate from family. During this period, the youth tend to think in terms of establishing a life philosophy which is free from conflict. This is in contrast to the reality, which is laden with conflict. In this process of self discovery, the youth tend to be rash and ignorant and in a sense consider themselves ‘immortal gods’. This can be illustrated by the carefree attitude they adopt (Hunt et al., 2009). ...

Background of the Research

The research paper is fundamentally about the comparison of Compassion Fatigue and PTSD patients. The research main objective it to go along with or reject this hypothesis: People suffering from Compassion fatigue will experience similar physiological changes as those suffering from PTSD. By working towards this hypothesis, the research can be able to compare and contrast CF to PTSD and recognize how the two are related. In order to verify and distinguish the relation between these two phenomena, it is essential to know what the research will be looking for. First, it is ...

For my research paper on homelessness, I will be using a variety of sources, including the novel The Soloist, to help illustrate the problems that the homeless have to deal with on a daily basis, as well as the possibility for recovery.

The paper will first address the homelessness statistics in Canada, particularly cities like Burnaby, as a backdrop for the more personal stories from the homeless and to provide context for the ordeals that face today’s homeless. There are several types of stories I would like to convey through the research paper, including family homelessness and individual ...

Utilitarianism is the notion that the moral worth of a given action is a determined by its general usefulness in ensuring that utility is maximized. Therefore, this theory asserts that a given action is right if in a given situation, it leads to a greater satisfaction of desires, taking into account all the affected individuals and the available alternatives. Application and relation of this theory with the widely discussed subject of abortion is possible. The subject of abortion has been widely discussed over the past years in various countries all over the world. It is a subject that continues ...

The main focus of the article is analysis of anthropometric measurements, which were made in order to understand peculiarities of smoking effects on the development of the fetus and nutrition. This issue attracts attention of researchers, because at the same time there are many studies with controversial research results. At the time when some researchers stress on nutritional peculiarities of smoking and non-smoking mothers, the others are convinced in ...

In the 1960s, following John Bolby’s article The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, many psychoanalytic figures criticised his work. They claimed that attachment theory was “mechanic, nondynamic, and explicated according to thorough misunderstandings of psychoanalytic theory” (Fonagy, 2001, page 1, p2). Critiques felt that Bowlby treated his human subjects like animals, and used too many labels and categories when reporting on experiment results. When examining the attachment theory today and, in particular, Mary Ainsworth’s Strange Situation experiment, it does appear that the critiques’ points were valid. The personalities and behaviours of human beings are extremely diverse, and ...

Abstract

Cultural sensitivity is an issue that is central to health and ethnicity, and also to creating programs for disease prevention and health promotions for varying ethnic and racial populations. The rationale, under which programs for promoting health are build, is based on three basic observations; the varying patterns in the predictors of the behaviors of health, different groups show; the differences in the rates of disease prevalence as indicated by various ethnic and racial groups; and the patterns exhibited by the same groups in the prevalence of risk factors imposed by their behaviors. ...