Essays on Smoking

Research Method LSS 2533

Assignment 1 - H00225779

Research questions and hypothesis

Q1:

RQ *How does smoking cause deaths?

H *Smoking causes deaths. Q2:

RQ*Why do smokers have bad breath?

H* Smoker have bad breath. Q3:

RQ*Can smokers be effected financially by smoking?

H* Smoking effects the financial status of smokers. Q4:

RQ* Are friendships with non-smokers a social treatment?

H* Friendship with non-smokers are part of social treatment. Q5:

RQ* Does smoking effect the smoker’s mood and make smokers angry?

H* Smoking effects the smoker’s mood and make them angry. Background research report and justification Smoking is one of the most impactful public health dangers worldwide. It is considered a leading cause of death, illness and impoverishment (WHO, 2016). Tobacco is a highly addictive substance with a well-documented impact on health. It can lead to serious respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, such as lung ...

Health people is a program under the office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion that provides 10-year national goals based on science and evidence to improve the health of all U.S. citizens. With this regard, the Healthy People 2020 was launched on December 2, 2010; it has for main goals aimed at improving the health status of the nation by 2020 and ensuring all Americans live long healthy lives (Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2017). One of the goals from the Healthy People 2020 that will have the greatest impact on my community is the first goal ...

Although preventive care service provision has a general guideline, to offer evidence-based practice, the medical practitioners are under obligation to ask the patient the following questions, among others. The family history concerning particular diseases like cancer, hypertension, diabetes, and other genetic diseases. In this regards, the nursing officer would establish the susceptibility of the patient to these conditions. Diagnosing of family members with such conditions may occur along the way and, therefore, it is important the nurse gets to know about it every time the patient visits the clinic. Moreover, the nurse should ask about exercise and weight management ...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the many respiratory conditions which need to be properly handled to avert possibilities of it worsening off. In the same line, there is the need for a proper assessment of the patient to be done to assist in providing them with the required treatments. As such, the first step in the assessment phase will be establishing the symptoms of the condition. The commonest symptoms of the exacerbation of COPD include a fast and shallow breathing pattern, shortness of breath, coughing, incidences of low oxygen levels, feeling sleepy, wheezing and chest tightness ...

Health promotion is a procedure conducted so as to help a patient improve and take control of his or her health. Having a heart attack implies that a blood vessel supplying to the heart has been blocked. After a heart attack incident, it is advisable to adhere to some measures, to prevent the possibility of heart failure in the near future. This topic is important because usually after a person is discharged from the hospital they immediately hop into living their lives as though nothing had happened. It is, therefore, essential for patients to be taught on how to ...

One of the major public health problems and the societal concerns these days is the maltreatment of children which impacts millions of children all over the world. There are a variety of long and short-term health consequences of child abuse and neglect which leaves a long-lasting impact on the mental and social growth and development of the children. Child abuse does not just mean broken bones or bruises, it impacts the safety, physical, social, mental, emotional and educational needs of the children. Child abuse and neglect as defined by the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) of 2010, ...

The concept of free trade has indeed presented some industries as more appealing to the consumer than others. For instance, the standard practice is that most agricultural food processing and manufacturing industries are liked and loved by the public while the agricultural non-food processing industries such as the tobacco industry have been continuously subjected to criticism and unjustified treatment from the larger public. The tobacco industry, in particular, has been subjected to excessive taxation, stringent operational rules and regulations and publicly portrayed as a health hazard primarily because tobacco smoking and usage is associated with liver cirrhosis and some ...

Business

In today’s world of free trade, not all companies are viewed as equal. When it comes to companies dealing in products that cause harm to health of human beings, the attitude of the people, societies and governments is not very positive and this is not wrong from my point of view. I support the consumers in this case and think that the companies producing such dangerous products should be controlled by the government and laws.

Tobacco Industry

Tobacco is one substance that is extremely harmful to health and therefore, must be sold in a controlled environment. The governments of many ...

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Smoking is a hard habit to break. Most smokers, if not all, know this to be true. Despite being associated with different negative health effects, many individuals continue to consume cigarettes on a regular basis. There are many reasons why people engage into smoking, and as a result, many of them also suffer the negative consequences. One of the reasons why people start smoking is due to curiosity. This is true for many teenagers. Most of them are curious about how it feels to smoke, especially when they are seeing family members and peers carry out the ...

In the article Streissguth introduced fetal alcohol syndrome and reviewed literature relevant to the problem in order to explore effects of pregnant mothers’ alcohol consumption on their children’s development. Then she gave supportive evidence of the effects by revealing animal models of research. Next, she focused on delay or impaired functioning and disclosed mental handicaps as the most detrimental effect. Furthermore, the researcher revealed remediation interventions to deal with fetal alcohol syndrome and also reflected on effects of social drinking. In this way Streissguth established the key findings explaining harmful effects of mothers’ alcohol intake on their fetuses. ...

The best way to motivate patients to make positive lifestyle changes is to first see things from the perspectives of the patients. Patients, just like doctors or health practitioners, differ according to personalities, abilities, preferences, and lifestyles. As such, motivating patients to make positive lifestyle changes require spending “less time directing patients what to do and spend more time asking and listening are likelier to motivate patients to change health-related behaviors” (Rollnick, et al., 2005; cited in American Medical Association, 2013, p. 1). Likewise, there are tendencies for medical practitioner to provide patients with negative messages that would entice ...

The poster provides detailed information of the two kinds of stroke i.e. Ischemic and hemorrhagic. Hemorrhagic stroke occurs as a result of blood vessels weakening and eventually bursting while ischemia occurs when a blood vessel gets clogged. The Ischemic stroke will occur when the blood vessel becomes quite narrow as a result of fat deposition. The narrowing of the vessel makes it difficult for blood to flow freely to the brains. Normally, Ischemic attacks are temporary and minor. However, in extreme cases, they cause major strokes that may leave the client hospitalized or even dead (Alway& Cole, 2009). There ...

Abstract

Numerous attempts to reform health care in the United States on the federal level have been made since the 1930s, but differences between each state represent a significant barrier to every previous federal health care reform. In 2010, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was signed into law, but the current implementation and effects of the law are not the same across different states. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the effects of the health care reform in California and Florida, as well as the positions of the two states. It was found that the insurance ...

Fear messages have been of importance within the nursing profession over the years and were even responsible for the reduction of the use of substance abuse in communities. Substances abuse is discouraged in many communities owing to their negative effects on the general health of an individual (DiBello, Neighbors, & Ammar, 2015). It is because of these adverse consequences that the nursing and health sector, in general, decided to come up with creative ideas to curb the menace. One of the commonly used strategies in this field is the formulation of fear messages to scare away the drug users from ...

Introduction

Riverside County has registered an increase in tobacco use over the previous one decade with the department of public health expressing its grave concerns on its effects to the community. The infamous electronic cigarette is the bond of contention due to its increased use even by the underaged who find it convenient as its symptoms are not easily noted. The adults, however, remain the most affected with most efforts getting futile so far. The smoking issue was marked as critical at the time when the National Institute on Drug Abuse raised the alarm on the increased public smoking habits ...

Introduction

A community health assessment is a vital practice that determines the various aspects that either promotes or deter sustainable health practices. As such, it is essential to analyze the community for the people's needs, the available resources that could be used in providing a solution, the assets in the community as well as the strengths that the particular community exhibits and could be used in facilitating the problem-solving process. In this respect, the paper shows an analysis of Riverside County, California for these elements that could help identify and solve the health issues that affect the county.

Resources in Riverside County

There are ...

Abstract

This paper explores two major psychological theories, which attempt to explain why people use drugs as a solution to their various problems. The main goal of this research is to explain how these theories explain the drug usage and describe whether these theories support a strong relation between drugs and crime. The method of research includes finding two articles about crimes, committed under the influence of drugs and reasoning the connection between the usage of drugs and crimes. This paper examines a possible connection between the two selected theories and two crimes, described in the articles. According to the ...

Introduction

This is an individual business research report that focuses on the Philip Morris International Corporation (PMI). This paper will critically analyze the corporate elements of the company and evaluate the various strategies employed by Philip Morris (PMI). The critical analysis will culminate in the identification of gaps that would be utilized in drawing a set of recommendations for the company.

Corporate History and Background

PMI is an American company listed on the New York Stock Exchange. It is known for producing and marketing cigarettes and tobacco around the world. PMI is a conglomerate of four major cigarette and tobacco companies including Sampoerna, PMFTC ...

Smoking is considered as a worldwide health issue. Apart from the usual notion that only the adults smoke cigarettes, the youth is also involved in this issue. Both the adults and the young ones smoke nowadays. Because of this, their health issues become a recurring problem that needs to be resolved.

Current Issues of Smoking in Kuwait

Based from the findings, the smoking habits in Kuwait are associated with different reasons. The first is for the purpose of relaxation and concentration. Memon et al. stated that Kuwaitis are usually busy because of work and school. During their free time, most of these people intend to ...

Abstract

The study was performed to determine the effect of marital status on the body mass index. The data used contained a sample size of 6878 adults from England aged above eighteen years. The data was collected through a Health Survey that was performed in 2011. The data was analysed using t-test, one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD post hoc test, and the linear regression. The study found that there was no correlation between marital status and the body mass index. However, the effect of marital status on the body mass was statistically significant even though marital status accounted for 0.2% ...

Heart disease, otherwise known as coronary artery disease, is a name given to a side array of conditions that impact the heart. These disease include arrhythmias, congenital heart defects, and. At times, heart disease has been called cardiovascular disease as if the two refer to the same issue. While they both involved the heart and human body, they are not the same. Heart disease refers to the aforementioned issues, among others, while cardiovascular disease refers to blocked, clogged, or narrowing blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease can often lead to an angina, a heart attack, general chest pain, or even a ...

A cigarette is a small roll of tiny grounded tobacco leaves rolled in a thin piece of paper for the purpose of smoking. Tobacco as the main ingredient in a cigarette is combined with additional flavors and chemicals which keep the cigarette burning. There exist over 4000 different chemicals in a cigarette most of which have the potential to cause health problems in human beings as researched. This challenge, however, has never prevented smokers from withdrawing, and statistic still shows a significant increase in the number of smokers all over the world annually (Coffa et al. 64-73). Philip Morris ...

Kamal Hussein’s Thartharah fawqa al-Nil (Adrift on the Nile, 1971) is the film adaptation of the 1966 novel by Naguib Mahfouz. The film was released in 1971, four years after the Six-day War and a year after the death of Gamel Abdel Nasser, the second president of Egypt and the man behind the Revolution of 1952. The movie stars some of the most iconic actors of the time including Emad Hamdy, Ahmed Ramz and Adel Adham. The film focusses primarily on the protagonist Anis, a civil servant, and his experiences with a group of men who have created ...

Peripheral vascular disease is a term to describe the phenomenon of narrowed veins or arteries outside of those that supply the heart, brain, or lungs (Gardner, 2012). The most common form of peripheral vascular disease occurs in the legs and feet, and can be a side-effect of diabetes. The main symptoms of peripheral vascular disease are blue skin, the development of skin ulcers, cold skin, and poor growth of hair and nails in the affected area (Gardner, 2012). Although peripheral vascular disease is treatable, particularly if caught early, complications include infections and tissue death that can require amputation (Lockhart ...

Cancer is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. Every year, various types of cancer kill millions of people. The problem of cancer disease is unique because of its complexity and importance to humankind. Cancers affect all segments of the population, causing enormous damage to society. Although malignant tumors are extremely diverse and complex for the perception, the risk factors and mechanisms of development of cancer are well known enough so that it becomes possible not only to heal, but also to engage in cancer prevention. Cancer is the most difficult and dangerous disease, since it can ...

The trend of electronic cigarette usage among adolescent has increased in the recent era that contains nicotine and other tobacco products. The health care providers and pediatric nurses should be aware of the popularity and safety concern of the cigarette. They deliver the sufficient information to the patient and their family about the possible negative health effects of electronic cigarette.

Education about electronic cigarette

There are limited researches about negative health effects of e-cigarettes in the adolescent. From the evidences, it is found that the registered nurses have provided insufficient education about risks and undesirable effects of the cigarette. They have less education ...

Abstract

Introduction Transitioning from a life at home with parents and the teachers as in charge into a college life where the student finds independence of every choice possible, problems like risky behaviors and irregular sleep patterns are nothing out of the ordinary. This new-found freedom is in most cases seen to be unfavorable for the college student because 70 to 96 percent of the student in college get less than 8 hours of sleep per day. This is not a blanket rate which applies to the student of every major from each and every department; rather there are students ...

{Author Name [first-name middle-name-initials last-name]} {Institution Affiliation [name of Author’s institute]}

Health History and Physical Examination

A 50 years old American Male comes to the hospital with angina-like symptoms. Subjective Data Demographic data: There exists a risk of cardiovascular ailments or malfunctioning. The patient is an IT professional with long sitting schedules.

Reason for care: The patient was admitted to the emergency ward due to the severity of the pain 6 days back.

Present illness: Currently facing chest congestion with breath shortness and exertion, with heavy perspiration, recommended cardiac catheterization. Perception of health: Patient is an educated, independent and sincere individual who thinks that he is healthy and with several precautions he will overcome the current situation. He is little worried about his excessive ...

Introduction

Watergate was a controversial scandal that rocked the USA in the 1970s, following a burglary attempt at the Democratic National Committee (DNC) headquarters located in Watergate Office Complex in Washington D.C. and the alleged involvement of the then US president Richard Nixon in the cover-up. The Watergate scandal marked a historic significance in the US politics as it showed how politicians abused their power to get what they desired. The Watergate scandal brought to the surface an array of secret and illegal activities conducted by the members of the Nixon administration. These activities involved the adoption of unethical means ...

Results:

Demographics and Smoking Rates: This study involves 80 PHCPs as participants out of which 51.1% aged between 25 and 35. The gender-based ration was (86.8%) female to male. Most of the participants (86.5%) were GP doctors. These ratios can be seen in Figure 1 and 2.

Smoking Rates and Practices:

Based on demographics and diagrammatic (figure 3) illustrations it was found that only 15% involved PHCPs were smokers out of which males ratio was higher (24%) in comparison to females which was only 11%. The observed variation p was significant (p=0.006). Only 5% participants had been ex-smokers while a major segment of 80% ...

Introduction

Tobacco smoking is considered to be a major health issues around the globe and is also claimed to be the most preventable cause of death in current time (Borgan, et al. 2014). Tobacco smoking is associated with 6 million deaths per year around the globe and is considered as one of the biggest public health issues by the World Health Organization (WHO) (Behbehani, et al. 2014). Based on current evidence and a report published by the WHO, 5 out of 6 million deaths are associated with direct tobacco smoking while nearly 600,000 deaths are due to non-smokers exposed ...

Legalization of marijuana in treatment purposes has lately become an urgent issue that troubles the American society. Many people express their opinion against this law, whilst many others claim it will bring only good. One of the most popular reasons for legalization is that it can be used in treatment purposes, makes the course of the disease easier and does not affect the organism so negatively as a tobacco smoking or other medication. However, the recent researches have stated the possible consequences of the cannabis legalization: the increase of marijuana use; rise of addiction cases and different diseases caused ...

Abstract

There are limited or no effective interventions for recurrence of coronary heart diseases among the patients who smoke. Smoking cessation interventions has been suggested to have little benefit; however, there is little evidence on its cost- effectiveness and efficacy of such programs for cardiac inpatients. This study describes the efficacy and cost- effectiveness of intensive smoking cessation methods for cardiac patients admitted in the hospital cardiac unit. The experimental design assesses the efficacy and cost- effectiveness of the intervention that includes face- to- face counselling in combination with the nicotine replacement therapy using 8 cardiac wards of hospitals in ...

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)

CVD includes all ailments of the heart and circulatory system, including angina and heart attack. Other CVD diseases include carditis, cardiomyopathy, and congenital heart disorder. Edmunds (2014), states that CVD develops when there is plaque build-up on vessel walls. The mechanism of CVD differs significantly depending on the disease involved. For instance, coronary artery ailment includes atherosclerosis, and may occur due to hypertension, smoking, overweight, high-fat diet or diabetes. Despite the high deaths caused by CVD, it is approximated that 90 percent of CVDs are preventable (McGill, McMahan, and Gidding, 2008). Atherosclerosis can be decreased by controlling the risk ...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) refers to emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Stoller claims that COPD has been the interest of many researchers recently. The disease caused about 2.5 million deaths in 2000 (Stoller, 2012). Normally, there are two lungs in the chest. Lobes are sections that make up lungs. Ribcage protects the lungs. They remove carbon dioxide from the body and bring oxygen into it. The nose and the cough are the ways in which lungs protect themselves. People breathe in air through the mouse or nose (Thoracic.org, 2015). Then the air moves down the trachea. The epiglottis controls ...

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Introduction Chronic Obstructive pulmonary disease also known as COPD is a group of diseases which make breathing difficult by obstructing airflow and causing other breathing related problems (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2015). This disease which is described by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) as progressive because it worsens over time includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema and asthma in some cases (CDC, 2013; NHLBI, 2013a). In developing countries, poor quality of indoor air is suspected to play a major role in the disease development and progression whereas in the Unites States, tobacco smoke is reported ...

Abstract

Background: Middle Eastern population has demonstrated a clear shift in smoking habits in the recent years. The smoking habit is dominated by waterpipe smoking whose pervasiveness continues to increase at a disturbing rate. Patients consider healthcare professional as role models, therefore they play a significant role in the prevention of smoking. Objective: The aim of this study is to establish the prevalence of smoking, smoking-cessation knowledge, and attitude among healthcare professionals in PHC centers in Qatif and assess the smoking-cessation analysis methods of these healthcare professionals. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed at 80 PHC centers in ...

1. A disease of the lungs wherein the patient experiences difficulty in breathing which aggravates over time, is called Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or COPD. It is associated with other lung diseases such as chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (irreversible) asthma. The symptoms include coughing (with or without phlegm), frequent respiratory infection, blueness of the lips or fingernail beds (cyanosis), tightness in the chest, shortness of breath, and wheezing. 2. It has been found that cigarette smoking is the main cause of COPD. Exposure to air pollution, chemicals, fumes, dust, secondhand smoking and other harmful substances that irritate the ...

Saudi Arabia is one of the countries hit hard by tobacco epidemic and critically require saving. Consequently, a fully funded, sustainable, and broad strategy to control tobacco in such countries is necessary to promote quality health. To manage this strategy, a country heavily relies on the support of trained professionals in running programs aimed at reducing smoking. Sadly and much to the contrary, the health professionals themselves use tobacco more regularly compared to even the general community who they are supposed to care for. According to our study, most tobacco users regardless of their gender prefer waterpipe as their ...

ABSTRACT

Gun Control is a very serious and regularly debated issue in this modern area. Some feel very strongly that the resolution to gun violence is to restrict guns from the public and therefore lessening gun related crime and accidental injury. However, that is not how all Americans feel. They see gun control measures as a direct infringement on the Constitutional rights, it would leave Americans defenseless and would, in fact, increase crime rates not lessen them. The bulk of research tends to lean toward the reality that gun control will not have the desired effect that gun control supporters ...

Introduction

Cigarette collection systems comprise of the major ways that several companies including Tobacco manufacturing industries that help as one of the strategies in managing effect of cigarette butts in littering bins that is currently a big challenge in urban areas. According to Riutta, (2012), it is imperative to address this topic of issues concerning cigarette butts in our daily city lives because of the high negative impact they have on our environment, and thus health being one of the leading causes of preventable deaths. According to health analysts, cigarette butts are made from a fibrous material that is essential ...

Smoking, drinking, overeating and accumulating stressors are behaviors that become pronounced in adulthood though they trace their origins to a much younger age probably around the teenage years. These behaviors do not just crop up out of the blues. They start and develop over a period. The various theories and theorists in this context are keen on pointing out the psychosocial nature of an individual. They show how the actions and expectations of a person conflict with those of society and how that could therefore lead to various behaviors in adulthood. The theories in contexts have their different ways ...

Framingham Heart Study

The Framingham Heart Study was first conducted in 1948 in the small town of Framingham, Massachusetts under the direction of the National Heart Institute. The objective of the study was to identify the common factors that contributed to cardiovascular. The disease at the time was the leading cause of death and serious illness in the United States yet little was known about it. Researchers recruited 5,209 men and women residents of the town between the ages of 30 and 62 years and began a detailed physical examination and lifestyle interviews (World Health Organization, 2007). The participants in the ...

COPD is a medical condition that is characterized by alteration in lung parenchyma, bronchitis, emphysema and narrowing of the respiratory passages. It occurs as a consequence to chronic inflammation reaction involving the respiratory tract. The mucous secretion and fibrosis associated with chronic inflammation, can cause blockage and narrowing of the airway. Bronchitis refers to inflammation of the inner lining of the lung, while, emphysema is a clinical condition that occurs following the long term destruction of lung parenchyma. Bronchitis and emphysema are both characteristic features of COPD. Destruction of lung parenchyma causes loss of alveolar attachment and decreases the ...

Smoking has been evidently linked with the progression and exacerbation of coronary and hence cardiac conditions. Plaguing of the coronary arterial lumen due to smoking leads to the narrowing of the arterial lumen, hence leading to blockage of the coronary artery and subsequently, reduced cardiac output and the progression of a cardiac condition (Lloyd-Jones et al., 2010). In this regard, smoking cessation is pretty essential in arresting the exacerbation or progression of coronary disease after a post coronary intervention. In any health promotion intervention, evaluation of outcomes becomes an integral component as it places the implementer at a vantage ...

Abstract

There are several heart illnesses which cause a large number of deaths from stroke, coronary artery disease, aortic and peripheral illnesses. The treatment of the illnesses requires a huge amount of funds and time. Therefore, there is the need to improvise or innovate new ways to prevent or detect it on earlier. The sophisticated mechanism needs to be put in place to analyze medical data to give signs of the illness through the application of analytic algorithms to provide definite signs. Technology is evolving bringing about significant changes in the medical industry, especially in electronic health records. It has ...

Describe scientific explanation in detail. How does it relate to scientific hypothesis and scientific theory?

The term explanation may mean different things, especially in a wider perspective. However, in science, an explanation refers to the answer to a question that have stemmed from curiosity. Curiosity gives rise to questions that call for answers or explanations. Curiosity and inquisitiveness are among the characteristics that drive science to explore knowledge and use it for practical applications. The curiosity to know why the apple has fallen down from a tree has led Newton to wonder and apply the scientific method to arrive at a valid scientific explanation—the Law of gravitation. In short, the explanation that resolves ...

Introduction

In spite of the contribution of urbanization to the economic growth in Zhejiang, its adverse effects far much outweigh the positives since sustainability of the ecosystem and the society is at stake. Environmental concerns, particularly air pollution, are real threats to the ecosystem since they lead to increased atmospheric temperatures which in turn result in climate changes. Urbanization contributes to pollution through higher energy consumption and motorization that have resulted in higher volumes of greenhouse gasses emitted in the air. The shrinking of natural resources is another consequence of urbanization where there is the rampant destruction of natural habitats, ...

I. Introduction The cultivation and use of Marijuana dates back to ancient times when man cultivated this cannabis plant for its medicinal benefits. Archaeological research revealed Cannabis-based textiles which has been around 7,000 BC have been found in the northern part of China. Scientific testing leads to the conclusion that the most probably, the “ancient culture cultivated cannabis for pharmaceutical, psychoactive, and divinatory purposes” (Armentano, 2). In the present-day, the medicinal value of marijuana has been recognized by many medical practitioners; for instance, this plant has been proven as an effective way to alleviate some symptoms associated with ...

Risk and protective factors are aspects that make it less likely or more likely for people to undergo a certain problem, or make distinguished outcomes in their lives.

Risk factors

The most vivid risk factors in Aaliyah’s case are; she smokes and drinks alcohol from time to time, she works and studies at the same time, and she also drinks three or more cups of coffee at night. Her act of smoking is a risk factor as it can result to coughing, asthma, wheezing, lung cancer, pneumonia as well as emphysema. Drinking alcohol could also lead to lung infections, cancer ( ...

Altria Company

Altria Company formerly known as Phillip Morris Company is one of the leading tobacco and cigarette producers and markets across the globe. With over 180 years of experience in the industry, the company has made significant efforts in manufacturing some of the world’s renown brands such as Marlboro, Copenhagen, Skoal and Black and Mild. The major ethical dilemma the company faces is the fact that there is a trade-off between business and health. With the fact that tobacco causes deaths of thousands of users across the globe, Altria has to engage in various tobacco control programs to ensure ...

Abstract

In India, cigarette packets will now be 85% covered with a message that comprises of 65% photograph and a 20% message highlighting the harmful affects of smoking and the fact that it can lead to cancer.( Porecha & Kutty, 2014) The cancer connect due to smoking has been proven beyond any doubt. Although, discussed only as an issue in an ethical marketing class, the fact remains that, ‘smoking kills’. The fact that tobacco companies pay so much in taxes cannot rule out the harmful affects of smoking. Smoking kills and governments cannot absolve themselves of any moral obligation wherein they ...

M.K is a female, 45 years old with 5.5” height and 225 lbs. weight and has a history of smoking for 22 years and poor diet. The history of Type II diabetes mellitus and primary hypertension is also observed with the recent diagnosis of chronic bronchitis. She has been observed with chronic cough with sputum, light headedness, excessive peripheral edema, distended neck veins and increased urination during the night. She has been using the medications comprising of Lotensin and Lasix to treat hypertension and Glucophage for diabetes mellitus.

Vitals and Lab Results

The patient is observed chronic cough with sputum and the cough ...

According to the Greenberg website, the company has been owned and run by the Greenbergs for three generations, and it is more like a family tradition rather than a business. Sam’s mother, whose husband converted Turkey smoking to a business venture, treats the Turkey Smoking place as her late husband’s shrine. The business has been able to grow its client base over the years at a rate of 5-7% annually (Underwood, 2003). The customer base growth can be attributed to the fact that the Greenbergs have been able to maintain old clients, and the same time, acquire ...

Summaries

Goel, Reema et al. 2015. Highly Reactive Free Radicals in Electronic Cigarette Aerosols. Chemical Research in Toxicology 28:9 (1675-1677). In this reported scientific study, a group of researchers from the Pennsylvania State University investigated whether the aerosol produced by an e-cigarette contains reactive, short-lived free radicals. Initially, the researchers proposed that the e-cigarette vapor may contain high concentrations of free radicals, presumably from the presence of high concentrations of free radicals from conventional cigarette smoke. It must be pointed out that reactive, short-lived free radicals, such as reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, are potentially toxic to organisms, ...

The habit of tobacco use has been proven to be a leading cause of premature deaths in the United States. Additionally, factors associated with exposures related to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) have been the leading causes of increasing mortality and morbidity levels in the country and at the global scale. To this effect, therefore, there is the need for having in place policy issues that will effectively address tobacco use amongst children and adolescents, reduce the smoking rates amongst adults and finally prevent non-smokers from being exposed to ETS (World Health Organization, 2013). As it has been established, most ...

Increased live birth delivery of women with natal drinking or smoking: A nursing critique

Abstract Prenatal smoking and alcoholic drinking are for its serious health risks during and after live delivery. Amidst the ethical question on this maternal choice, a contention insists that alcohol and tobacco non-use prenatal and at natal has increased. Doubts on its validity were noted. My hypothesis: the observation came too early both in the national English and the global contexts. The contention was hard to sustain. The diverse factors affecting global decision making work against that contention. Both the American and English data failed to support that contention on the strong reality of the incomplete and potentially unsound ...

Abstract

COPD is an illness that primarily affects the respiratory system. It is a treatable and preventable illness that is characterized by persistent and progressive limitation of airflow into the lungs. in its severity, COPD is a condition that requires frequent hospitalizations due to exacerbations that occur once there is a trigger effect or the patient is exposed to an allergen. Within the US, COPD is regarded as the third leading cause of death and there is evidence to show that up to 11 million persons have been diagnosed with COPD (Global initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease Inc, 2015). ...

Business Management Assignment

Module 1 Activity 5

Given all the proposed changes, I think that the most likely reasons for resistance to this change is that they will disagree with disbanding their groups because they have learned how to make things more productive by the cooperation of each of them. Disbanding them might make them withdraw their contract to the store and will just start looking for another store where they can all work together again. Another might be the distance of the other store because proximity from their homes is one of the things that are always considered by employees when ...

Vaping vs. Tobacco

Introduction Vaping vs. Tobacco

The financial issue is one of the major areas that are highly debated when discussing vaping and tobacco. Various states have large tracks of a tobacco plantation and that the amount of tobacco sold forms more substantial portion of the country's revenue. Smoking is known to create tremendous wealth, majorly for the government, which has been the leading cause of all conflict of interest. Government revenue is, to a greater percentage, connected to cigarette sales. Tobacco forms a larger part of revenue for huge transnational industries, which results to external factors having a strong influence ...