Essays on Cholesterol

Introduction

Composition of Dietary Fiber Dietary fiber is an essential component in nutrition and health (Mora et al., 2013; Klosterbuer, Roughead, & Slavin, 2011). Thus, the present study will explore the effect of particle size and source of fiber on the level of cholesterol in the human digestion system. Primarily, dietary fiber is a constituent of plant foods and includes materials that have diverse morphological and chemical structure. Such materials resist enzymatic action in the human digestion system (Dhingra et al. 2012). In the gastrointestinal tracts, the dietary fiber forms a matrix that has both amorphous and fibrous characteristics. The matrix’s ...

“Abstract”

Cholesterol plays a pivotal role in the fluidity of plasma membrane in cells. Evidence of cholesterol evolution from lanosterol suggests that cholesterol has little sensitivity to changes in temperature as opposed to lanosterol. Simulations also revealed that there is no ld-lo coexistence and 3-phase lines in lipid/lanosterol systems as opposed to lipid/cholesterol systems. The sterol also favors a strong interaction with lipids having saturated acyl chains (Miao et al.) which is a key factor in understanding and characterizing the lipid bilayer model. Based on surface potential measurements, cholesterol and ergosterol reduce the penetration of water into the lipid monolayer. Results revealed that excess ...

Lipids are a group of structurally diverse hydrophobic compounds that are not very soluble in water. Cholesterol is a common lipid that can be obtained from the diet and is synthesized in most cells of the human body. It is a component of cell membranes, maintains membrane fluidity, and acts as the precursor of other important biological compounds such as steroid hormones and bile salts (Smith, Marks, and Lieberman 54, 163). High concentrations of cholesterol in the blood can cause accumulation of fatty deposits on arterial walls that can lead to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, which are associated with heart ...

Why are lipids important?

Lipids are a form of organic molecules, which are categorized together based on their solubility in non-polar solvents. There are four key lipid groups, which include fatty acids, glycerides, nonglyceride lipids and Complex lipids. Lipids are important since they serve different biological functions, which include storage of energy, source of energy, structural components of the cell membrane, adsorption of vitamins, protection, as well as insulation.

Can the body produce essential fatty acids (EFA’s)? If not, how does thebody obtain these needed lipids?

Essential fatty acids (EFAS) include omega-6 also known as linoleic acid and omega-3 also known as alpha-linolenic acid. The body does not produce them, but they are needed and are used to make other fatty ...

Niacin as a Complementary/Alternative Medication for Cholesterol Management

Cholesterol accounts for a certain portion in the cardiovascular profile. The properties of molecules that help in transporting cholesterol through the blood, known as lipoproteins, give vital insights to the development of atherosclerosis. The magnitude and density of the lipoproteins are the two major properties that are responsible for cardiovascular risks. Niacin has been observed to result in significant benefits by altering the composition of cholesterol. It is particularly effective in increasing the levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL also known as “good cholesterol”), but in comparison to the other cholesterol lowering drugs, niacin is less effective minimizing the low-density lipoprotein ( ...

Dieting has become an urgent problem of nowadays for many people. Obesity, high cholesterol level, killing heart diseases, and diabetes are haunting people making them look for a way to prevent or cure them. Dieting is often a solution they seek. For more than thirty years a low-fat diet has been considered a panacea. But is it really as efficient as it is said? The idea of limiting the amount of fat intake to avoid cholesterol level increase and resultant heart diseases was first introduced as early as in the mid-1979s by Marshal Matz and Alan Stone, members of Senator McGovern’s ...

- Chemistry of Cholesterol C27H45OH is the molecular formula of cholesterol. The molecules consist of three regions: a hydrocarbon tail, a hydroxyl group, and a a ring structure region with 4 hydrocarbon rings. The solubility of the hydroxyl group in water can be attributed to its polar nature. The 4-ring region that also comprises cholesterol is a common ring in all steroids. The rings have a carbon atom at each corner with two hydrogen atoms that extend off the ring. That is why it is called a hydrocarbon ring. The ring region and the tail region cannot dissolve in water, as they are both ...

The chemical composition of the sterol occurs in high levels in most people belonging to the high-risk group is referred to as cholesterol. The term cholesterol refers to a chemical compound naturally produced in the body. It is a building block to make cell membranes and hormones such as testosterones and estrogen (Wedro, 2013). Cholesterol is classified as either good or bad cholesterol. The cholesterol that is carried by low-density lipoprotein is the ones that are called the bad cholesterol while those carried by the high-density lipoprotein are called good cholesterol. The low-density lipoprotein carries cholesterol to the various body ...

The movement of cholesterol, which is unestrified, is largely due to the activation of the NPC 1 protein. In cases where inactivation of mutation of this protein occurs, one may be suffering from Niemann-Pick type C disease. So what is this disease? Niemann-Pick Type C disease is a serious but rare nuerogenerative disorder. It is very common to children at or approaching adolescence. The disease is estimated to infect one out of every 160,000 children (Patterson 2009). NPC is regarded as a malfunction in the body’s cholesterol metabolism. NPC is also is sometimes referred to as childhood Alzheimer. This ...

Chapter 11: Disordered Eating

People with anorexia nervosa have deficits in their dietary intake. They do not take in the proper amount of nutrients and mineral and thus have abnormal bone density levels, which can affect the healing of bone and connective tissue. Studies have connected bone loss to injuries and diseases of the skeletal system later in life. When she gets old she will be at higher risk of breaking her bones and of developing osteoporosis.

The teen-aged girl is very active both in and out of school. She is taking advanced classes, is ...

In the article “After all those warnings about saturated fat being unhealthy for hearts Stop feeling guilty! That juicy steak is good for you,” Bee (2013) explains that scientific evidence is beginning to refute previous beliefs about saturated fat being bad for health by increasing risk of heart attacks. However, a cohort study by Yavchitz et al. (2012) found that the quality of media reports on scientific studies is often questionable, so it is important to be cautious when accepting statements presented by mainstream media. Upon conducting the assessment of medical news reported in the media, the researchers found ...

Report Epidemiology Cardiovascular diseases and dietary fats

- Introduction - Cardiovascular Diseases - What is Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD)? CVDs include diseases of the heart, vascular diseases of the brain and diseases of blood vessels such as coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, hypertension, stroke, peripheral vascular disease and heart failure. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most deadly CVD that due to lacking blood flow to the network of blood vessels surrounding the heart, also named coronary artery disease (CAD) or ischemic heart disease (IHD) (Nabel and Braunwald, 2012). - The pathology of heart attack and stroke Atherosclerosis is the major cause ...

Introduction

Cardiovascular disease is a common disease that makes it impossible for the cardiovascular system to provide the body with enough nutrients and oxygen during sustained physical activities. The major causes of cardiovascular disease are narrow blood vessels which can not deliver enough blood to the muscles or a weak heart which can not pump enough blood to the muscles. A weak heart is as a result of poor signaling or infections affecting the heart muscles. Healthy blood vessels are strong and flexible. They can with stand the high pressure of blood pumped from the heart. When cholesterol is deposited along the inner walls ...

According to Typep-1 Siegenthaler & Aeschlimann, (2007) the neme diabetes wass derived from a greek word, diabeinein which implies “to siphon”. There are two main types id diabetes (type 1, type 2) even though some researchers often contend that there is a third type called gestational diabetes. Ideally,type 1 diabetes is autoimmune conditions that occurs when the beta cells of the pancreas have been spifflicated (Siegenthaler & Aeschlimann, 2007; News medical, 2013). The leads to loss of glucose that becomes visible in the urine if it is above the renal threshold that is 190 to 200 mg/dl on average. This condition of ...

Wellness: Health Promotion and Disease

Question 1

The psychologist Daniel Levinson identified five developmental tasks for young adults. These are 1) pursuing a dream; 2) creating relationships; 3) developing an occupational career; 4) forming a marriage and family; and 5) building responsibility in the larger community. The tasks are all interdependent, meaning that achieving one affects the possibility of accomplishing the other four (StudyMode.com, 2011). For example, developing a career may provide the financial stability necessary to pursue a dream or to form a family. Creating a relationship with another person may lead to marriage and a family, while creating a relationship with a mentor may lead to obtaining a career or to greater ...

The blood vessels that are involved in carrying oxygenated blood are referred to as arteries. The arteries are involved in carrying the oxygenated blood all through the body starting from the heart. In healthy conditions, the arteries have smooth inner walls and their blood flow through them with ease. There are incidents where the occlusion of the arteries occur, narrowing the artery. The main cause of the artery clogging is a thrombus and atherosclerosis. This is due to the formation of plaques from the various substances that circulate in the blood such as the fat, calcium, fibrin, and cellular waste. ...

Cholesterol is mainly of two types: high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LPL). The first is good cholesterol while the second is the bad cholesterol. Cholesterol plays a big role in the daily functioning of our bodies. This is mainly because it has been known to help make cell membranes. It is also a major composition of the hormones such as estrogen. Production of cholesterol for use in the body occurs in the liver. However, a large percentage of this cholesterol is consumed in people’s diets. Both HDL and LDL are Lipoproteins with a slight difference in structure. In every other essence, ...

Arteries are those vessels in the body that carry blood that is rich in oxygen. The healthy arteries are those that have smooth inner walls and flowing of the blood in the arteries is easy. However, some people have clogged arteries as a result of the buildup of plaques on the inner side of the arteries. The arterial plaques may result in the reduced blood flow. Heart disease refers to the disease that affects the heart and the blood vessel most of which have a relationship with atherosclerosis process. The disease is also known as cardiovascular disease. The atherosclerosis process refers ...

DHEA:

Dehydroepiandrosterone, or DHEA, is a hormone the human body produces via the adrenal glands, which are above the kidneys. The exact effect of DHEA is not yet fully identified; however, it is believed to be a precursor of the female and male sex hormones, namely estrogen and testosterone, among others. Precursors are substances that the body converts into hormones.

The production of DHEA usually reaches its peak around the mid-20s and declines ever after. The same applies to estrogen and testosterone, whose production also declines with age. For that reason, if an individual wants to increase their hormone levels, it ...

Heart diseases among Alaska natives and the American Indians in America

American Indians and the Alaska natives are faced by a threat of heart of heart diseases which is the leading cause of mortality in the whole of the United States of America. In the year 2003 the number of death cases as a result of heart diseases were over two thousands. American Indians and Alaska natives originated from North and South America with minority coming from the Central America. Other tend to maintain their tribal affiliation or their community attachments. Alaska native and American Indian include all those who marked the American Indian check box or reported to entries like Inupiat, ...

URL: http://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/14/health/new-cholesterol-advice-startles-even-some-doctors.html?ref=science

Summary:

The article “New Cholesterol Advice Startles Even Some Doctors” talks about the new guidelines released by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association, that advise doctors not to prescribe statins or other cholesterol-lowering medications to most people simply based on their cholesterol levels. The guidelines further state that there is no proof that statins reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes. No target levels for LDL or bad cholesterol were included in the guidelines released. Kolata reports that these new guidelines have puzzled and surprised some doctors because they contradict what has ...

The main purpose of the research was to compare, in the same subjects, the cholesterol-lowering potential of a dietary portfolio with that of a statin. Drugs and diet have both been revealed efficient in combating cardiovascular disease risk and mortality. Statins decrease serum cholesterol and are increasingly supported in primary prevention to attain decreases in LDL cholesterol. The evident ineptness of conventional dietary approaches to lessen serum cholesterol by contrast with statins has decreased enthusiasm for diet as a therapeutic alternative. Conversely, newer dietary methods amalgamating foods high in constituents that decrease cholesterol (viscous fibres, soy protein, plant sterols, and nuts) might ...

After ordering a blood test for cholesterol, a physician prescribes the patient expensive cholesterol medications known as statins to prevent diseases of the cardiovascular system. Statins, however, like all medications, have side effects. Statins are chemicals that reduce the production of enzymes, which are necessary for the synthesis of cholesterol. Usually the instructions that accompany these cholesterol-reducing drugs state 1. Statins lower cholesterol concentration in the plasma due to “inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase” and “reduce cholesterol synthesis in the liver” (Pichandi et al., 2011, p.51). 2. They reduce the concentration of cholesterol in patients with homozygous “familial hypercholesterolemia” (Pichandi et ...

[Author Name(s), First M. Last, Omit Titles and Degrees] [Institutional Affiliation(s)] [Include any grant/funding information and a complete correspondence address.] - The symptoms for a myocardial infarction (heart attack) are different in men and women, as in women the symptoms can be discomfort in one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw or stomach followed by shortness of breath, or breaking out in cold sweat, nausea, vomiting, or light headedness. In men the symptoms are different as compared to women such as serious chest pain often related with heart attacks, heart beating at a rapid rate, change ...

Food items such as eggs, vegetable oil, walnut, fish and milk all vary greatly from each other. Do these items still have anything in common? The answer to this question is ‘Yes’. Lipids are the ones arousing a sense of similarity between them. Lipids are the group of organic compounds like fats, mono-glycerides, di-glycerides, tri-glycerides, fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E and k) and some components of membranes which usually do not react with water but yet they group together. In other words, Lipids may be defined as the molecules containing hydrocarbons and making up the building blocks of ...

I liked one topic sentence towards the end of the essay, where you aptly set the focus of the paragraph. Consider this: “Another health risk of eating pork meat is due to its association with many epidemic diseases.” Here, you clearly tell the readers what you would discuss in the paragraph, that is, diseases caused due to eating pork. This supports your view/position against eating pork.

Now, let us consider the last sentence of the introduction as the thesis: “To determine that pork is healthy to eat one must examine the different between pork meat and other ...

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is the metabolic diseases that result from an increased level of blood sugar. It is divided into three main categories, Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, and the gestational diabetes. The treatment aims at effectively controlling the level of glucose, as well as lipid content in blood. The treatment may be in the form of a drug, pancreas replacement, herbal drug or dietary therapy. The most effective way of managing diabetes is through dietary therapy, as well as lifestyle management. The use of dietary therapy in the management of diabetes is a safe and a very effective means of improving ...

Research faces various problems as it tries to come up with conclusive evidence that describes the causes of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). A cardiovascular risk factor is associated with coronary heart disease. The association is nearly always a statistical one, and cannot be used as a foundation for conducting research. Equally, the fact that an individual does not have a particular cardiovascular risk factor does not guarantee protection against heart disease.

Direct evidence, which stress, as well as other similar behavioral factors have a relation to cardiovascular disease is conclusive; However, the information collected, is not conclusive. This is partly due to the ...

Mark’s Total Cholesterol is below 186mg/dl and that is good, as it is under the 200 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or less that is a desirable level. His HDL cholesterol that protects against heart disease is 45mg/dL under the 60 mg/dL considered optimal but above the 40 mg/dL considered low. However, it is close and he needs counseling to raise it. His LDL cholesterol of 119mg/dL is within the near optimal range of 100 to 129 mg/dL This LDL level is higher than the American mean level of 115 md/dL and Mark should work to reduce it. His Triglycerides ...

Introduction

Evidently, the recent past has experienced a significant rise in lifestyle diseases, which can be managed adequately by adapting good dietary habits. Worth noting is the fact that dietary fiber plays a crucial role in managing these life style diseases. Speaking of dietary fiber this connotes to bulk or roughage in plant based foods, which cannot be digested or absorbed by the body. As such, fiber in food passes through various parts of the digestive system without undergoing any form of digestion (Abreu et al. 388). Worth noting is the fact that there exists two classes of fiber; soluble and ...

Abstract.

The aim of the study was to determine differences in cardiovascular disease (CDV) risk factors in four cross-tabulated sets of body fatness and cardio respiratory fitness in adolescents. The participants included 755 females and 860 males aged 9-15 years from schools in Australia. Subjects were cross tabulated using maximum oxygen consumption and percentage body fat to split the groups to four .In males, differences across the group included blood pressure, triglycerides, high and low density lipid cholesterol but in females the variations were observed in high density lipid cholesterol and blood pressure .In females, variations were seen between high-fat/high-fitness ...

The total cholesterol is defined by the sum of the HDL, LDL and VLDL in the human blood stream cells. The normal LDL level should range from 60 to 130 with an expectation of the LDL count below 100 or lower in those who have higher risk of heart disease. On the other hand the HDL is expected to range between 29 and 72 having an optimal range of 45 to 85. The specimen required for cholesterol/lipid panel test is the patient’s blood. The patient is required to fast, with the exception of water, for 12 hours ...

Diabetes is a burning issue all over the world. World health organization has shown concerns on the prevalence and incidents of diabetes. In USA, 29.1 million people or 9.3% of the population; diagnosed or undiagnosed have diabetes. (CDC, 2012). As per National Diabetes Fact Sheet, 2011 215, 000 people in USA have type-I or type-II diabetes. Thus, diabetes is a disease penetrating all age groups. Treatment of diabetes has a few advancement in the recent past. Apart from general oral hypoglycemic agents and injectable insulin there are islet transplantation surgeries also available for diabetes. There is a wide scope of treatment of diabetes ...

Exam III Due: Friday March 21st, 2014

Total Points: 100 Since this is a take home exam, you may use notes/references. Cardiovascular & Congestive Heart Failure (Total points: 58) - Which lipoprotein normally returns most of the cholesterol to the liver for disposal? (2pt)

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is involved in eliminating excess cholesterol via the liver.

- Which nutritional factors contribute significantly to the rise of total serum cholesterol over time? (4pts) - Dietary cholesterol - Total fat - Saturated fat - Trans fat - Excess calories - Omega-6: - Omega-3:

Seafood

Meat - What is C-reactive protein and how does it relate to cardiovascular disease? (4pts) C-reactive protein ( ...

Cardiovascular diseases abbreviated as CVD are among the major contributors of disease burden worldwide and its epidemics have been advancing all over the world. Diet together with nutrition have been pointed as some of the major risk factors for most of the cardiovascular diseases such as stroke and coronary heart disease as well as other cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, type II diabetes, and high blood pressure. It is evident that kind of diet that people take has a significant implication on their health as well as the kind of diseases they have a higher risk of having. It is, ...

- The answer to this question depends on the definition of an STD. For instance, Shigella was once though to be a Gastrointestinal disease, but with modern sexual practices and the increase of oral to anal intercourse it is now becoming an STD as well. Therefore, no precise number of STDs can be stated but there are now >30 infections classified as predominantly sexually transmitted (Harrisons, 2008, p. 822) - The most common viral STD is HPV. It is said that nearly ½ of the population is infected with the virus at any given time. Both males and females can ...

Abstract

On the differential diagnosis of the presented medical history, several medical conditions relating to the cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory, muscle and bone systems can be linked with those medical signs and symptoms. Exploring the several causes of the chest pain, all the above systems listed are likely to be a cause. However, the history of hypertension eliminates those that are related to the digestive, muscular and bony etiologies. Further reviewing the role of high cholesterol, palor and increased sweating, a conclusion of heart attack or condition is made. Further investigations might need to be conducted to make the definitive diagnosis. Once this ...

Good and Bad Fats

Fats can be classified as saturated fats and unsaturated fats. Unsaturated fats can be classified further as cis and trans unsaturated fats. Saturated fats are considered as bad fats. They consist of a long chained linear structure, high melting point and contain higher energy than unsaturated fats. These characteristics make them tightly bound to the body. Unsaturated cis fats have similar structures to saturated fats and are easy to deposit in the body. Unsaturated trans fats are good fats. They have a lower melting point, bent structure that allows for efficient packing, and can be broken down more easily than saturated ...

Outline Thesis: Conversably, chocolate is good for human health as it improves cardiovascular healthiness, heart functioning, prevents cancer, as well as brain stimulant.

Arguably, human health is the most important issues in the globe today. Therefore, people in the world would like to know entirely everything that can be good for their health. In this case, chocolate is very good for human health. Chocolate is a substance prepared from the seeds originated from a plant known as cacao. Several products of chocolate are accessible on various markets. Undeniably, the products range from cocoa, which is powdered to white chocolate. ...

Likened to oxygen, the human body requires a balanced diet in order to purpose appropriately. A balanced diet, therefore, is comprised of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and vitamins. However, it is worth noting that proteins remain the most essential food nutrient in the human body explaining why it constitutes 75 percent of the body excluding water. The roles of proteins are diverse and they handle the normal healthy living conditions. It is from that rationale that this paper will be endeavoring at elucidating and giving further details on the components of protein in bodybuilding. Equally, the paper will elaborate the various ...

Benefits of Green Tea

Tea is one of the one of the most popular beverages if not the most popular beverage on earth. A 2012 report says that, tea is the number two most consumed beverages after water in the whole world. This shows the rate of consumption of tea by people and how important it is to us. Various societies have embraced the role tea plays in their day do day lives. For example, the British have ‘tea time’ and various Asian communities have ancient tea ceremonies. Green tea is preferred to black or white tea, because of the health benefits ...

Cover Letter

Nutrition Officer DU-Nutrition Services Pvt Ltd Australia Director PAF Australia

Sub: Submission of the Nutrition services report for PAF – regarding

Respected Sir, As a nutrition officer of DU Nutrition services, I hereby submit my nutrition services report. My report includes our services and the requirements essential for PAF workforce too. I have also attached a nutrition plan devised for your workers which I stress you to implement in your factory so as to alleviate the sickness associated issues in the company’s performance. All the best.

Thank you.

Attachments: Nutrition report

Rationale

Good nutrition is vital for every living being. Research has apparently proved that a balanced diet ...

Introduction

The term lipids is used to refer to a group of organic compounds that are naturally occurring and that are all soluble in non-organic solvents such as benzene , chloroform, acetone and ether but not soluble in water. The later characteristic means that lipids can also be defined as amphiphilic or hydrophobic small modules. This amphophilic nature of lipids essentially allows them to be able to form structures such as liposome’s, vesicles or membranes when subjected to aqueous environments. The biological lipids mainly originate from two major build-blocks or biochemical sub-units: isoprene and ketoacyl groups. Another distinct characteristic of lipids ...

Diabetes is a condition that occurs when the pancreas cannot produce insulin or when cells cannot respond to insulin because of insulin resistance. Diabetes is characterized by elevated blood sugar levels. Several potential complications can occur when diabetes is not managed properly, such as kidney failure, obesity, hypertension, and elevated cholesterol levels, so a diet aimed at diabetes patients needs to minimize those risks. There are no strict guidelines for creating or following a diabetic diet, but the main points include high-fiber intake, eating healthy carbohydrates, low cholesterol intake, low saturated fat intake, and focusing on foods with a low glycemic index ( ...

Fitness is a term with many definitions all of which are interrelating. One of the definitions I that it is the state of being well, with the ability to take part in physical exercises and have low risk of problems relating to health. Another definition is the characteristics people get or achieve and are in relation to taking part in physical activities. Fitness is important for human health as it increases body’s efficiency as well as effectiveness and it is through enough rest, good exercise and proper nutrition which result to quality life. Physical fitness through exercises improves ...

Introduction

Extensive scientific research has proved that life is supported by biomolecules derived from the food human beings take. Accordingly, the food industry thrives on providing consumer foods which are supposed to enhance health and prevent certain diseases associated with a poor diet. This situation has resulted in various dietary fads, with food companies designing diets which are marketed as having the ability to prevent certain health concerns. While some of these dietary fads have lived up to their promises, some have failed. This paper critiques a study which reported that consuming an oat bran diet did not lower cholesterol levels in ...

The global burden of diabetes is high and the prevalence of diabetes is increasing. Diabetes is a major disease with significant side effects and complications resulting in shorter lifespans. The problem is greater with type 1 diabetes because this type of diabetes cannot be prevented and there is no cure for the disease. However, clinical studies have shown that education, adapting to the disease, and nutritional therapy can reduce the complications of type 1 diabetes. Parents are the most important members of the diabetes management team in pediatric patients and any impact on the quality of life of the parent ...

The global burden of diabetes is high and the prevalence of diabetes is increasing. Diabetes is a major disease with significant side effects and complications resulting in shorter lifespans. The problem is greater with type 1 diabetes because this type of diabetes cannot be prevented and there is no cure for the disease. However, clinical studies have shown that education, adapting to the disease, and nutritional therapy can reduce the complications of type 1 diabetes. Parents are the most important members of the diabetes management team in pediatric patients and any impact on the quality of life of the parent ...

Introduction

Cerebrovascular accident refers to stroke in which the blood flow to the brain is interrupted due to a rupture of an artery to the brain or blockage, resulting in oxygen deprivation and consequent death of brain cells. Our brain needs a steady oxygen supply to have blood pumped throughout the body effectively. The blood flowing through the arteries to the brain carries the oxygen. In the case of a cerebrovascular accident, one or few of these arteries get ruptured or blocked, thereby interrupting the flow of the oxygen-rich blood to the oxygen. Within 60-90 seconds of oxygen deprivation, the brain cells in ...

Have you ever faced a situation where you have to choose between preparing a healthy meal and going to a fast food restaurant? Millions of Americans face this decision on a daily basis and the impact of their choices has become apparent over the last three decades. In the 1970s, the number of fast food restaurants doubled according to the Census of Retail Trade (Chou, Grossman, and Saffer). Since the same period, obesity and obesity related diseases increased rapidly in the U.S. Today, junk food is prevalent in our culture and is commonly found in fast food restaurants like McDonald’s and Jack ...

Overview of the Health Problem

Food consumers require nutritional information of every item appearing on the menu board. Such information is essential in creating awareness of what the consumers take from certain food thus able to make better choices in restaurants. Senate Bill (SB) 120 addresses the problem affecting approximately thirty eight million people residing in California State (Henderson, et al 2010). As the most populous state with modern living standards, it is the duty of the lawmakers in this state to ensure they protect the health interests of residents. To ensure that restaurants adhere to the provisions of public health policy in California, ...

The topic whether meat or vegetarian diet is the better choice is a bone of contention for centuries. Admittedly, it is very difficult to figure out the advantages and disadvantages of both diets to determine what ways one overweighs the other. Volumes have been already written on the topic, and this paper in particular will argue that vegetarian diet is advisable when compared to meat diet that involves numerous risks. This will review a few reliable sources to make a clear view of the topic and its scope for further research. Until recently, the advantages of vegetarianism were not clinically proven, ...

[Institution Title]

Patient Initials: _N/A___ Age: ___52 years old_____ Sex: __Male______ Subjective Data: Patient has been complaining of chest pain. Manifested signed of labored breathing and excessing perspiration suggesting signs of exertion. Chest pains also seems to radiate to neck as it intensifies.

HPI (History of Present Illness):

Patient has reported to have experienced angina symptoms four days prior to hospitalization. Patient defers seeking medical attention in the belief that the physical symptoms were simply the result of stress and would eventually be relieved after bed rest. Patient was not active as a result of non-activity particularly relating to work.

PMH (Past Medical History—include current medications, any known allergies, any history of surgery or hospitalizations):

Patient has no ...

Introduction

Monitoring one’s diet is important since it informs dietary choices that one should make in order to achieve and maintain healthy lifestyle and good health. Therefore, I took part in recording my food intake and exercise habits for three weeks. Nutrition determines many aspects of human beings. As the common adage goes, ‘we are what we eat.’ This adage implies that what we eat defines many of our aspects. Nutrition is indispensable to human health. Similarly, physical exercise plays a major role in promoting good health. For instance, it improves general health and helps achieve glycemic control among people ...

with numbness in both feet.

With numbness in both feet.

Normal aging process symptoms Numbness of both feet in an obese 75 year old male could be attributed to several causes inclusive of the normal aging process. Some are peripheral neuropathy; monnueropathy; diabetic neuropathy; spinal stenosis; slipped disk and peripheral vascular disease. With regards to aging and unassociated with any other disease process numbness in both legs at age 75 accompanied by obesity could signal nerve damage linked to poor circulation in the extremities (Digiovanna, 2000). Blood vessels and heart muscles tend to age with age. This means that valves, nerves responsible ...

- The central problem in this case is the launching of new product in the market, especially after the impressive test in Mineapolis, Minnesota. Exhibit 2 displays a number of products in this industry in the US markets. Some of the names in this exhibit are names of products in Frito-Lay’s production line. The figures posted show that these snack chips were doing well in the market in terms of sales. This means that the new products would have to compete with these brands, and other brands not featuring in the top ten. This problem is compounded by the ...

According to the World Health Organization, more than 2.7 million people lose their lives because of the deficiency of fruits and vegetables in their meals. Eating a healthy diet has numerous benefits compared with the practice of eating a non-balanced diet. When an individual takes healthy foods, he absorbs essential nutrients that are required by the body and this boost the immune system lowering the risks of diseases and illnesses. Contrary, taking unhealthy foods is harmful as it deteriorates the state of the body, weakening the body immune system and exposing an individual to a high risk of diseases. The healthy ...

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ 2. http://www.blackmores.com.au/products/joint-formula-with-glucosamine-chondroitin http://www.naturesway.com/ 3. Interaction between health supplements and prescription medication

Part A is answered for interaction between various agents

Fish oil and aspirin A clinical study was carried on 10 healthy patients to investigate the effect of omega 3 fatty acid prescription in combination with aspirin on the platelet aggregation effect and bleeding time. Aspirin alone inhibited platelet aggregation in presence of low concentration of collagen.Omega3 fatty acid treatment did not inhibit platelet aggregation under the experimental condition; however combination of aspirin and omega 3 fatty acid inhibited blood platelet aggregation. This study demonstrated the efficacy of prescribing omega-3 fatty acid (fish ...

Introduction

Food is actually any substance that is consumed to provide living organisms with the nutritional support for their bodies. Foods originate from either animal or plant and contain the fundamental nutrients like fats, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, and proteins. The substance is actually ingested by the living being and assimilated by the cells in the living being in an effort to maintain life, produce energy, or stimulate growth. In modern times, the food that people consume is in fact supplied by the food industry while during the past this food was secured through agriculture, or hunting and gathering. The ...

Heart disease also known as cardiovascular disease is a term that is used to describe different types of heart conditions. This is a disease that affects the cardiovascular system. The heart disease remains the number one killer disease especially in the U.S. and it is also a major cause of disability in patients. The same heart disease is also the main reason why people develop heart attacks. There are different types of heart diseases, cardiomyopaphy, coronary heart disease, heart failure, hypertensive heart disease, inflammatory heart disease, valvular heart disease and stroke just to mention but a few. Even though it is the world’ ...