Essays on Hypertension

Emma always wanted to have a baby when she reached her legal age. She is a normal lady, with no major physical health issues and other abnormalities that might affect her daily life. Emma was able to give birth to two healthy children, she is already a mother of two, to which both pregnancies were normal and no adverse medical condition arose. Emma is now on her third pregnancy. On her 15th week of gestation, Emma’s BMI was at 28, with a blood pressure of 134/86 mmHg (plgf.com). Emma went through the normal stages of her gestation. When ...

AGEING IN AMERICA

In the year 2013 (the latest year for which data is available), there were 44.7 million aged individuals in the United States (above the age of 65 years). The aged population consisted of 14.1% of the total population of US. In other words, approximately one in every seven citizens of America was aged (Administration for Community Living, 2016). For the purpose of the study about different racial groups in the US undergoing ageing, we will specifically discuss the Asian Americans and African Americans. (The Older Asian Population in America, 2016) As compared to the other ethnic groups of the ...

Heart failure is a pathophysiologic condition characterized by the heart’s inability to generate sufficient cardiac output, resulting in either inefficient tissue perfusion or increase in the diastolic filling pressure of the left ventricle, or both, which lead to increased pulmonary capillary pressure (McCance, Huether, Brashers, & Rote, 2014). Heart failure is a leading cause of death in the US (McCance et al., 2014; Mozaffarian et al., 2015). American Heart Association has estimated that in 2013, cardiovascular diseases were responsible for 30.8% of all deaths in the US, or 222.9 per 100,000 deaths (Mozaffarian et al., 2015). The 2013 ...

1. Objectives Giant cell arteritis (GCA) also referred to as temporal arteritis is a condition that induces the inflammation of large arteries mainly in the heat and neck areas. Symptoms associated with the disease include manifestations such as headaches, joint and facial pain, fever, and vision problems that may cause a permanent sight loss in one or both eyes. There are various GCA treatments aiming at e.g. relieving the symptoms associated with the disease and preventing visual loss often accoutered by many patients 2 Therapeutic options 2.1. Non-pharmacological therapy The practice of a healthy lifestyle including physical exercises, smoking ...

Ms. Smith is a 34-year-old Caucasian female who presented at the office for her first prenatal appointment. Ms. Smith lives in Palm Beach County and maintains a full-time accounting position. She complains of nausea that occurs particularly in the morning and subsides by 10 am for the past two (2) weeks. However, this nausea has not subsided for three (3) days. Ms. Smith is usually active but has noticed experiencing greater fatigue at the end of the day. She has reported no vaginal bleeding or fetal movement. Her last menstruation was on October 25, 2015. The patient believes she ...

Abstract

Disparities in health and health care still occur in the healthcare delivery system in the United States. Despite the efforts made by the government for health promotion and disease prevention, health disparities occur among the minority groups such as Asian American, Native Hawaiian, African American, Alaskan Native, or Pacific Islander. The essay looks at the health status of the African Americans as the minority group in the United States. It looks at the underlying condition and draws attention to the cultural, socioeconomic, and sociopolitical barriers to health. Health and social, economic status are like a vicious circle for these ...

IDENTIFYING THE PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS TOWARDS TAKING UP AND SUSTAINING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN OLDER PEOPLE WITH TYPE II DIABETES

(PART 2)

Introduction

Type II diabetes mellitus has a wide prevalence in the UK and across the globe, with significant impact on the aging population. Literature reviews have been consistent to define the disease as a growing epidemic with lifestyle implications. Lifestyle modification has been considered to be an important preventive measure against the development of the disease. Feinglos and Bethel (2008, p. 337) supported this view, indicating that behavioral and lifestyle changes should be included in the treatment program for diabetes mellitus, not only as a treatment approach but also as a preventive measure as well. However, it is ...

Genogram

A simple method of illustrating a family in a constant and comprehensible manner is through the establishment of a genogram. It presents the members of the family or household, their gender, age, and corresponding relationships with one another. Moreover, it also depicts important life experiences including marriage, pregnancy, and even death. It is constituted of simple symbols that portray descriptions with regards to an individual, and such symbols are joined with connectors that give details to the associations of each person (“Genogram Explained”, 2013). It also plays the role of a multigenerational evaluation for comprehending family processes and family ...

Article 1

a. The study (Balaraman & Mathew, 2006) presents the experimental investigation of cyclosporine production by Tolypocladium fungi. This is the experimental research. b. The authors found that the maximum production of cyclosporin was significantly (at 0.05 level) higher in glucose (8%), casein acid hydrolysate (3%), malt extract (2%), peptone (1%), and amino butyric acid (0.5%), comparing to medium with lower glucose content (4%).

Article 2

a. The paper by Irum & Anjum (2012) is a full-size research paper on experimental study of methods to enhance cyclosporin by Aspergillus terreus by mutation induced by UV and chemical mutation. b. The mutation resulted in morphological ...

{Author Name [first-name middle-name-initials last-name]} {Institution Affiliation [name of Author’s institute]}

Care Plan Template

Patient Initials: XYZ Age: 52 Sex: Male Subjective Data: HPI: Stent placement with four days hospitalization. The patient was also showing angina symptoms thus admitted to emergency. He was feeling severe chest pain for four hours along with shortness of breath with exertion and diaphoretic. The symptoms existed for four days and on being a severe condition he needed intense care and visited to the hospital. The symptoms were six months old and after some rest it used to be normal. He received urgent care in emergency ...

Discussion of risks factors of Cardiovascular Diseases

{Author Name [first-name middle-name-initials last-name]} {Institution Affiliation [name of Author’s institute]}

There are multiple factors that act as additives to the risks of heart disease which can be divided into two categories, modifiable and non-modifiable risks factors. Modifiable factors can be controlled and managed such as high blood pressure and diabetes. While non-modifiable risks are age, ethnic background and family history (Grundy et al., 1999). High blood pressure or hypertension is recognized as a major risk to CVDs. Diabetes of both types enhances CVDs threat. Diabetes with hypertension doubles the risks of CVD. Ethnic background plays a perilous ...

HL has a multiplicity of complications all which are attributed to his lifestyle. HL has a history of drug abuse and his list of medication all but indicates that his drug abuse lifestyle has had a significant impact on his general health, his body systems and his body organs. HL could probably be having Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension (Cárdenas, 2014). The Cirrhosis could be as a result of alcohol consumption which has then the damage of his liver and probably gastric varices which is a precedent of Hepatitis C condition he already harbors. The gastric varices has led ...

1. African American (AA) women and men have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) that is estimated to be 77% more compared to their non-Hispanic White counterparts (Chow et al., 2012). At 18.7%, the prevalence of T2DM is also higher among adult AA women and men (Chow et al., 2012). Moreover, AA women share a greater burden of risk for T2DM given the higher likelihood that they also have hypertension, obesity, and cardiovascular disease (CDC, 2012). For this reason, T2DM screening and health education are urgent needs of this population. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) (2014) recommends ...

Many people suffer from hypertension unawares because, it is a public health problem with no apparent symptoms. Also known as high blood pressure, hypertension is an enduring medical ailment whereby the blood pressure in the arteries is raised. When the blood flows through the arteries, it pushes against the artery walls with a lot of pressure causing a rise in the blood pressure. Hypertension can either be primary or secondary hypertension whereby primary hypertension has no fundamental causes while secondary hypertension has discernible causes. Hypertension is more predominant in men than in women and in people over the age ...

Introduction

The purpose of this study is to review the effectiveness of lifestyle on the development of dementia and Alzheimer's disease for at risk populations. The study considers quantitative study which involve the use of control and experimental groups in which the control group is motivated on the effects of lifestyle particularly lack of inactivity (exercise) and healthy eating in groups of individuals who are at a greater risk of developing Alzheimer's. An observation of the pretest and post test of the control and experimental group will clearly indicate the contribution and its magnitude of exercise and healthy eating in ...

Food is a necessity of a man. Currently exists the understanding that the food provides a considerable influence on a person. It gives energy, strengths development, and health. You can be sure that human health is 70% dependent on the food. Food is the main source of most diseases, however, with its help it is possible to get rid of long-term illnesses. Elevated levels of blood cholesterol, obesity, tooth decay, diabetes, impaired fat metabolism, hypertension, constipation, increased uric acid in the blood or gout - this is an incomplete list of so-called "diseases of civilization" that were caused by ...

Disease management constitutes an important area in the clinical research where drugs possess a significant position. The effect of drugs on various organ systems has been the area of much research interest which gradually made feasible the development of several classes of drugs. Drugs may have dual role of promoting and inhibiting the vital biochemical and molecular pathways that play influential role in the disease outcome.

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are considered as anticongestive heart failure and antihypertensive agents. They have gained wide spread physician and patient satisfaction. The ACE inhibitors prevent the ...

However, it is possible that hypertension is an incorrect diagnosis. Normal blood pressure should be bellow 120/80, but it is also considered that the blood pressure can deviate up to 140 mmHg systolic pressure and 90 mmHg diastolic reading. Because Mrs. Chang’s blood pressure reading is lower than 140/90, her case can be considered pre-hypertension at most (Cunha, 2010). Another possibility is that Mrs. Chang’s condition has changed since her last examination, but she could not have known that because she cannot remember her last examination. She currently appears to suffer from orthostatic hypotension rather than hypertension. ...

Smylie, Janet et al. “Socioeconomic Position and Factors Associated with Use of a Nonsupine Infant Sleep Position: Findings from the Canadian Maternity Experiences Survey.” American journal of public health 104.3 (2014): 539–47. Web. 8 Mar. 2014. SIDS is the surprising loss of life of a baby younger than one year of age. SIDS continues to be mysterious after a thorough case research, such as efficiency of a complete autopsy, evaluation of the loss of life field and evaluation of medical records. Unexpected Child, Loss of life Issue has always been a challenge to scientists. So far, no concepts or details are ...

DHEA:

Dehydroepiandrosterone, or DHEA, is a hormone the human body produces via the adrenal glands, which are above the kidneys. The exact effect of DHEA is not yet fully identified; however, it is believed to be a precursor of the female and male sex hormones, namely estrogen and testosterone, among others. Precursors are substances that the body converts into hormones.

The production of DHEA usually reaches its peak around the mid-20s and declines ever after. The same applies to estrogen and testosterone, whose production also declines with age. For that reason, if an individual wants to increase their hormone levels, it ...

Diabetes is a burning issue all over the world. World health organization has shown concerns on the prevalence and incidents of diabetes. In USA, 29.1 million people or 9.3% of the population; diagnosed or undiagnosed have diabetes. (CDC, 2012). As per National Diabetes Fact Sheet, 2011 215, 000 people in USA have type-I or type-II diabetes. Thus, diabetes is a disease penetrating all age groups. Treatment of diabetes has a few advancement in the recent past. Apart from general oral hypoglycemic agents and injectable insulin there are islet transplantation surgeries also available for diabetes. There is a wide scope of treatment of diabetes ...

Denise, Lemke(2007) Sympathetic Storming After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. Critical Care Nurse 2007;27;30-37 Brain injury is very common in traumatically injured people. They sometimes require sedation and intubation to reduce the brains workload. They could be restless and agitated in association with signs and symptoms like posturing, tachycardia, fever, diaphoresis, hypertension, papillary dilatation, tachypnea and hyperthermia. This is referred to as sympathetic storming. It is seen in about 1/3rd of comatose patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Sympathetic storming could occur within a day post injury and could last up to weeks afterwards. It is thought ...

- The introduction explores Cardiovascular diseases, which are ranked by WHO (2011) as the top killer diseases globally. - Cause of Cardiovascular Diseases - Cholesterol is the main cause of CDV’s. resulting to Blockages - Definition and Demography of Cardiovascular Diseases - An umbrella term signifying ailments that affect the heart and blood vessels (WHO, 2011). - Populations from low income nations die more from the disease compared to those from high income. - Categories of Cardiovascular Diseases

They are:

- Coronary Diseases such as heart attack and angina, and stroke - Cerebrovascular ...

Issue Summary:

The population issue that I presented was the Heart disease. This refers to the class of diseases which entail the blood vessels, the heart or a combination of such. This is any of the disorder or disease relating to the cardiovascular system, mainly cardiac disease as well as the vascular disease of kidney and brain. This also involves the disease which affects the peripheral arteries. The heart disease is mainly caused by hypertension and atherosclerosis or a combination of both. Aging is also associated with morphological and physiological changes which alters the functioning of the cardiovascular system. This will therefore lead ...

A Comparison between UK and India

Abstract

Stress has been part of human life ever since the beginning of mankind. Initially, people stressed themselves out hunting for food, finding places to rest, and inexplicability of natural phenomena. With the globalisation of industries and the presence of multinational companies all over the world, organizations may need to consider adopting certain policies to match up to other similar organizations. Stress in organisations has become a major issue in the UK and most organisations now have policies and procedures to help employees avoid this and interventions are often in place to support them. It is not known whether ...

There are a variety of diets that all claim to do the same thing: help people to lose weight with minimal effort, in a short amount of time. The Dukan diet, which falls under the high protein diet category, has been referred to as the “Princess Diet,” was designed by a French doctor by the name of Pierre Dukan and introduced to the United States in 2011. According to the claims of the diet, it will help those who follow the guidelines to lose up to 10 pounds within the first week while eating as much of the approved foods ...

Annotated Bibliography

American Association of Nurse Practitioners (n.d.). State practice environment. Retrieved from http://www.aanp.org/legislation-regulation/state-legislation-regulation/state- practice-environment

The AANP provides an overview of the practice environment in all U.S. states. It differentiates between full practice, reduced practice, and restricted practice. Full practice is when nurses have full autonomy over all elements of practice, i.e. from patient assessment to prescribing treatments. In reduced practice, laws limit the capacity of NPs in at least one aspect of practice. Collaborative agreement with another health discipline is also necessary. States with restricted practice similarly limit NP capacity at the same time requiring another discipline to supervise, delegate, ...

There is an agreement that the health care delivery system in America has evolved over the years. This evolution has witnessed developments in the healthcare sector that are significant. Although they might not be equal, they have all played a significant role in bringing change to the health care sector. As the curator of the first health care Hall of Fame Museum, there is pressure to have in store some of the developments. This paper discusses five of the most significant developments.

Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

The first exhibit relates to prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. In the past, stroke and heart diseases were considered ...

Literature Evaluation Form:

- What is the practical significance of these results? Describe how this knowledge might influence clinical practice. Are there any potentially harmful or beneficial uses of this knowledge? - The study identified specific exercises that could be safely used in circuit training for hypertensive patients (leg curl, leg extension and bike 65% HR max) - Exercises that increased blood pressure to dangerous level were also indentified. (isometric squat, leg press and bike 70-75% HR max) - A circuit program based on the exercises deemed safe could be developed for people with hypertension. - Do these ...

Introduction to Pathophysiology and Nursing

Congestive heart failure and cardiomyopathy in general terms are complications of heart diseases: a good example is heart attack which damages heart muscles. Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the myocardium or heart muscle where the heart loses the ability to beat at a normal rhythm and pump blood normally. Cardiomyopathy and Congestive heart failure result from various complications and heart diseases such as heart valve disorders, arrhythmias and hypertension (Ghosh, 2010, p. 49). Congestive heart failure affects both right and left sides of the heart, although depending on severity of damage and the location, it may affect one side more than the ...

Introduction

Hospitals are homes to different patients who require different attention. This means that there must be people who are qualified for different roles in the medical field. In this connection, hospitals are not required as a block where all patients are handled in the same room. Instead, departments should be formed where each of them operates in support of the other to ensure patients are handled and treated accordingly. This has resulted to existence of various experts for specific duties in the hospital. Among the most common departments in hospitals are Dermatology, Oncology, Gastroenterology, Pulmonary, Cardiology, Endocrinology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, ...

Introduction

The aim of this paper is to present a comprehensive report on a case study conducted on an individual who is displaying symptoms of hypertension. The paper explicitly explores as a chronic disease and some of the aspects that will be touched on include its epidemiology, Pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, treatment plan, drug analysis and follow up care.

Hypertension, also commonly referred to as high blood pressure is a body condition in which blood vessels, specifically the arteries high and persistent pressure. This high pressure makes it hard for the heart to pump blood to all the other parts of the body. Hypertension inadvertently ...

1) What is the pharmacodynamics effect of angiotensin-converting enzymes inhibitors (ACEI'S and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB'S) in reference to the cardiovascular system? 

The pharmacodynamics effect of angiotensin-converting enzymes inhibitors (ACEI'S) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB'S) in reference to the cardiovascular system is based on its overall function of inhibiting the function of angiotensin II and aldosterone hormone production (Woo & Wynne 12). These drugs are purposely used to control high blood pressure, and they tend to act on the renin angiotensin aldosterone system to lower blood pressure. The mechanism of action ARBs is quite different from ACE inhibitors which act by inhibiting the formation of angiotensin II, which increases blood pressure by stimulating smooth muscles and water retention ...

Patient AO is currently treated with atenolol 12.5 mg daily with doxazosin (8 mg daily), hydralazine (10 mg qid), sertraline (25 mg daily), and simvastatin (80 mg daily) for hypertension and hyperlipidemia. The patient also has a medical history of obesity and has gained 9 pounds recently. According to Arcangelo and Peterson (2013), age is a significant factor in determining treatment for hypertension and hyperlipidemia. In adult patients, adverse events will be unlikely. However, decreased hepatic and renal functions in elderly patients may influence drug therapy recommendations.

It is recommended that the treatment starts with diuretics and beta blockers if possible ...

The American Academy of Pediatrics reports that obesity rates among children and teenagers have increased dramatically as compared to generation ago (Neuman, 1). This increase in obesity rates has been attributed to the more than 40,000 fast food advertisements that children and teenagers are exposed to annually (Neuman, 2). Food marketers use cartoon characters, celebrities and toys that coerce children into asking for these foods from their parents and undermines the authority of parents (Nestle, 1). These foods have a high content of fat, sugar, salt and calories which contribute to the occurrence of hypertension, diabetes, heart disease and ...

Introduction

Everywhere I go I encounter children who are obese. Obesity is one of the most widespread nutritional complications today with 17 % of children being said to be obese (Jelalian and Steele 11). I think it is very important that we address this issue and explore avenues through which it can be curtailed because the future of our society is in jeopardy. What information is available on the causes, consequences and remedial measures of child obesity? If this information is available, why is child obesity on the rise?

Encounter with Child Obesity

Two weeks ago I was walking leisurely through a public park to get a ...

Hypertension being a health condition that results from medical conditions that attack the kidney, heart, arteries, and the endocrine system, it calls for intensive care of a patient. Reliable strategies must be employed while the precise professionals are involved when complications develop to the patient. Proper care of the patient depends on the willingness of the patient to accept the intended procedures while the caregiver also has the patient’s burden at heart. Below is an analysis of the most preferable needs for patients and how they need to be addressed.

The first and the core need to be addressed among ...

Americans believe that nutrition, physical activity and dietary lifestyle influences health. A number of people know that eating well translates considerably to good health. However, most of the information available today is usually focused on what not to eat. There are diverse sources of information on what constitutes healthy dietary lifestyle. Most of these sources promote not eating a particular type of food, for example, alcohol, sugars and fats. There is limited information on what exactly to eat. The American Dietetic Association proposes a total diet approach in the paper. It asserts that the 'overall pattern of food eaten is ...

While treating patients with chronic illnesses, the major challenge faced is developing a plan of care that addresses the specific needs of a patient and caregiver. One needs to be in close touch with the patients and make sure that they take medications as prescribed. The patients support group family and peers should come-up with an ideal plan to help the patient manage the illness and also to prevent further health complications. The chronic illness that I am going to discuss is hypertension. Hypertension also known as high blood pressure is a chronic medical illness whereby the blood pressure in the arteries ...

One of the major quality improvement goals is to improve the nation’s ability to prepare for, prevent, respond to and even recover from a major health incident. This goal is currently based on a set of national priorities set out by the National Health Security of the United States of America (NHSS). The NHSS targets at building community resilience as well as strengthen and sustain emergency health systems (healthypeople.gov). The NHSS has identified several objectives to improve preparedness in the offering of health services. These are development and maintenance of a workforce that can respond to national health security (Barr, 23). ...

Indirect Health care cost of obesity

Total Cost of obesity

In this research presentation the author will discuss how obesity in United States of America impact health care costs. This topic will be approached from the perspective of direct and indirect costs. Direct cost is related to treating obesity as a health disorder in itself without accompanying complications. Indirect costs emerge from associating medical conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, heart failure and arthritis among other serious diseases medical science is now discovering. These add up to what can be considered the total health care costs of obesity in United States of America.

Research Paper: Impact of Obesity on Health Care Costs

Introduction

Obesity in United ...

Cardiovascular diseases include all diseases that affect the heart and the circulatory system of the body, including coronary heart disease, stroke, valvular heart disease, heart failure and cardiomypoathy. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally, with more deaths recorded for cardiovascular diseases than any other disease. It affects both men and women of all races and ethnic groups.

Many heart diseases are caused by atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is the process by which plaques build up in the walls of blood vessels. This process causes narrowing and hardening of blood vessels. This leads to increase in force of contraction ...

Background and Abstract

Hypertension is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality not just in the United States but also in other developed and developing countries. Moreover, the cost of addressing the medical and health care needs of patients diagnosed with hypertension are often serious; and when that gets coupled with the high volume of patients being diagnosed with the disease, the effects of the problem on health, on a national level, would be magnified. Patients diagnosed with hypertension (i.e. high blood pressure) had to undergo a thorough screening procedure that may include regular blood pressure measurement, electrocardiogram (EKG, ECG), and echocardiogram ...

Telemedicine to Manage Hypertension, Diabetes and Asthma

Introduction With the growing population of different societies, health care practitioners are gradually being required to render medical services to minority and underserved groups in the society. Health care practitioners have to deal with a lot of substantial health disorders and illnesses among racial and cultural minority groups. The expansive diversity of the population conveys different challenges for the healthcare industry in providing and delivering services uniformly to every community and social group, and to be assisted in health care needs. This undertaking is also a big opportunity for many different health care providers to provide services to those communities ...

Introduction

Description of the NONPF NP Core Competencies Description of the Interview with the APN. Analysis of the discussed APN competencies Conclusion Introduction This report describes an interview conducted with a nursing leader, Mrs. N.R who practices as a Certified Nurse Practitioner (CNP). A description of NONPF NP core competencies was discussed and an account would be presented in this report. Beside an actual description of the interview an analysis of the core competencies will be undertaken.

Description of NONPF NP core competencies

With responsibility of monitoring hypertensive patients whose blood pressure is uncontrolled due to several reasons, this advanced nurse practitioner (Mrs. ...

Presentation: 52 year old male presents with complaint of wet cough and intermittent fevers for one week. Symptoms have progressively worsened with onset of back pain over the last two days. Previous Medical History: No health insurance and has not seen provider for five years. History of Hypertension, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Diabetes Mellitus-2 controlled with diet.

Allergies: Penicillin and Erthyromycin History of Present Illness: Onset/duration: one week. Pattern: cough worse at night. Associated Symptoms: fever and back pain worsens with coughing. Relieving factors: sitting up and drinking fluids. Aggravating factors: smoking and lying down. Effect ...

Biology of Disease

Mode of action of;- Dexamethasone The Glucocorticoid receptors are discovered intracellularly in all tissues. They enter cells through inactive dispersion and structure a complex with a receptor protein (Rhodes & Hartnoll, 2002, P.10). This intricate then experiences an irreversible enactment and enters the cell core, where it ties to the DNA, hence prompting organic impacts instigated by these hormones, which include expanded hepatic gluconeogenesis, as well as expanded lipolysis (Ahmed, 2007, P.13). Dexamethasone is utilized to treat numerous provocative and immune system conditions, for example, rheumatoid joint pain and bronchospasm. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, an abatement in quantities of ...

Introduction

Cerebrovascular accident refers to stroke in which the blood flow to the brain is interrupted due to a rupture of an artery to the brain or blockage, resulting in oxygen deprivation and consequent death of brain cells. Our brain needs a steady oxygen supply to have blood pumped throughout the body effectively. The blood flowing through the arteries to the brain carries the oxygen. In the case of a cerebrovascular accident, one or few of these arteries get ruptured or blocked, thereby interrupting the flow of the oxygen-rich blood to the oxygen. Within 60-90 seconds of oxygen deprivation, the brain cells in ...

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is the repeated blockage of upper airway when a person is asleep. It is the most common type of apnea during which the diaphragm and chest muscles open the obstructed airways and pull air into the lungs. This loss of breath reduces the flow of oxygen to vital organs causing irregular heartbeat (Force & American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2009). A person usually snores loudly at night with interruption by a silent period when they are not breathing, they wake up not refreshed in the morning, headaches that are hard to treat, feel sleepy or drowsy all day ...

[University’s name]

Brief History of Case Study:

Presenting Illness: Ms E.H. is an 83 year old female with a chronic history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus came in for routine check-up. History of Presenting Illness: The 83 year old female patient was in usual state of health with a prolong history of hypertension that was adequately managed on diuretic therapy. She has been given and tried various other medications but for some reasons, her blood pressure is not very well controlled. Since past few days, she has started complaining of polyuria and polyphagia. She has experienced decreased vision for the last couple of months. ...

QUESTION:

Stress has shown to have many deleterious effects on our bodies. It has shown to increase our satiety, puts us at risk to acquire fat and fatty deposition and hampers our will to actively take care of our health. The main stimulus is fear or threat that compels our body to initiate a release of cascade of neurotransmitters which includes epinephrine, corticotrophin releasing hormone and cortisol. Adrenaline pushes the blood flow away from the visceras and to the large muscle groups. Cortisol, a stress hormone, forces the body to start eating to replenish the energy stores that were exhausted while ...

BIOL 398J

[University’s name]

QUESTION 1:

Michael is a hypertensive adult with obesity as an additional risk factor that could contribute to the occurrence of a cardiovascular event. While his choice of personal diet may not be limited, it may be more constrained when eating out with others, since their tastes and preferences will indeed vary. The ideal diet for an individual in Michael’s position would be high in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, high-fiber foods and low-fat dairy products. It should also contain low levels of sodium, saturated fats and trans fats. Fortunately, the American National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute recommends ...

There are diseases in contemporary generation that have been categorized as global epidemics – one of which is hypertension . Due to the evolving nature of factors that are deemed to be instrumental and contributory to the illness, various studies and researches continue to be conducted on the subject. An update on identified factors that provide evidence to increased tendencies or preponderance for hypertension focused on racial differences and the levels of natriuretic peptides (NP). In an article written by Gupta, de Lemos, Ayers, Berry, & Wang (2015) entitled “Racial Differences in Natriuretic Peptide Levels: The Dallas Heart Study” published in ...

13. Discuss the Pharmacological Effects of Morphine Morphine is an opiate, or a derivative of opium. As such, it is a very effective pain reliever, but can also be life threatening if overused. It is effective as a pain reliever because it binds to opiate receptors, which creates pain relief, sedation and euphoria. Unfortunately, it also depresses respiration, and can lead to both constipation and addiction over time. New research demonstrates, additionally, that it may be effective as a beta-blocker in patients with chronic pain (Frolich et al. 2011). Possible side effects include nausea, vomiting, cramping, itching, or anaphylaxis, pupil ...

In accordance with the given symptoms, it is possible to presume that the patient suffers from the hypertensive crisis (or malignant hypertension), which is a medical emergency, caused by the excessive increase in blood pressure. The crisis is fraught with serious, sometimes life-threatening changes in organs and systems of the organism: the brain, heart, kidneys (Nadar and Lip). As a rule, hypertensive crises arise among the people, suffering from hypertension, that is, those who suffer from the raising blood pressure. Hypertensive crisis may be provoked by the stress, physical activity, as well as discontinuation of the antihypertensive medications.

During a hypertensive crisis it may occur the following symptoms:

severe headache, ...

The study is observational and focuses on the mortality of women shortly after giving birth. According to the author, maternal, mortality has increased to more than double what it was a few decades ago. The increase can be attributed to better administrative practices including the adoption of the new ICD-10 form that captures maternal mortality. Maternal mortality in the U.S. has risen while that of other developed countries continues to decrease. The study also explains that there is a vast divide in maternal mortality amongst the races with the rate being three times higher in black women as compared to white ...

Pathophysiology

Any long-term rise in blood pressure above the upper limit of normal vibrations (hypertension) may be the cause of diseases and pathological conditions of the heart and blood vessels. It is known that the probability of developing coronary heart disease, latent or overt cardiac and renal failure, and cerebrovascular events in adults with diastolic blood pressure (BP) greater than 90 mm Hg. two times higher than in diastolic blood pressure below 80 mm Hg. Hypertension is a pathological condition of the body's adult due to prolonged elevation of systolic blood pressure above 140 mm Hg. and diastolic blood pressure above ...

Introduction

Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases in which the level of blood glucose in patients increases drastically after caloric intake. The main cause of the disease is either the insulin production in the body is non-sufficient or the body cells do not respond to the insulin, or both. Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia are the symptoms of the diabetic patients i.e. frequent urination, high thirst, and high hunger. Moreover, pre-diabetes is a condition in which the blood glucose level of the patients remains normally high but not high enough that it is ranked as diabetic. There are three types of diabetes:

Type 1 – insulin independent

...

[Institution Title]

Part 1: Case Study on Pulmonary Embolism

A 44-year-old African American male had a partial colectomy to have a cancerous tumor removed. The patient did really well after surgery and was discharged from post-op recovery to the surgical unit at a medical center. Approximately one hour after surgery, the patient complained of gas pains and shortness of breath. The patient continued to complain of gas pains after administration of morphine sulfate. Providers failed to diagnose a pulmonary embolism that resulted in the loss of the patient’s life.

Discussion:

While there were very limited information provided in the case study as far as post-op procedure and evaluation, it seemed ...

GOAdvanced Search »

Health Affairs - Follow us - RSS Feed - Twitter - Facebook - Audio - Text - Home - About - Archive - Blog - Briefs - Theme Issues - Subscribe - Alerts - Manage My Account - Expand

Connected Health: A Review Of Technologies And Strategies To Improve Patient Care With Telemedicine And Telehealth

- Joseph Kvedar1, - Molly Joel Coye2 and - Wendy Everett3,* + Author Affiliations - 1Joseph Kvedar is director of the Center for Connected Health at Partners HealthCare System, in Boston, Massachusetts. - 2Molly Joel Coye is chief innovation officer ...