Essays on Carbohydrate

Executive Summary

Athletic drink market is continuously growing. Currently, this market is worth $7 billion, and it is expected to grow into a $20 billion market by 2020. The products available in the market are of “one size fits all” type with Pepsi and Coca-Cola dominating the market share. Since the nutritional requirements vary from one person to another on the basis of size, weight, height and type of sports, the “one size fits all” type of products fail to fulfill all the bodily needs of a sports person. Customade is a product that has been designed to provide customized nutrition Continue reading...

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Causes and Effects
Obesity is a medical condition in which excessive amount of fats accumulates in the human body. If a person’s body weight is at least 20% higher than it should be, the person is considered to be obese. Obesity has been classified as a disease by the American Medical Association and has been described as one of the leading causes of deaths worldwide and one of the most serious health issues of the 21st century. Its effects on health are unimaginable.

Causes of Obesity

- Junk Food: Eating high glycemic food with low nutritional content Continue reading...

Fast foods are not new phenomena; these are foods that are quickly prepared and served. It traced its origin in the US in the 1950s. In a typical setup, these foods are served in restaurants, and other food outlets close to the people. The ever growing popularity of such foods has been to blame on the laziness of the people (especially college students) who seem to prefer precooked meals to well cooked meals. These types of food are common among the children in the colleges, both local college students and international college students. These types of food include, desserts, Continue reading...

Essay Examination

Living things have distinct characteristics that differentiate them from non-living things. They respond to variations in environmental conditions for instance decrease or increase in temperature. A living thing is able to detect the changes in the environment and react in a manner that can help it maintain the normal external and internal conditions. For example, most living animals move away from high temperatures. Plants too, respond to the saline environment by excluding sodium and chloride ions. Living things also respire. As a result they take in oxygen and gives out carbon dioxides. Moreover, living things acquire nutrients and energy Continue reading...

Influence of Coffee on Exercise

Caffeine is a pharmacologically active substance that is consumed extensively around the world today. Various dietary sources of caffeine include coffee, tea, chocolate, carbonated drinks and energy beverages (Goldstein et al., “International society” 2010). Among these dietary sources, coffee is the most significant and widely consumed source of caffeine around the world in the present times. Statistics from North America and Europe show that around 90% of the adults consider themselves as regular coffee drinkers and their average caffeine intake adds up to approximately 200mg per day (Pesta et al., 2013).
Chemically, caffeine is 1, 3, 7,-trimethylxanthine i.e. Continue reading...

Lesson 5 Answers:

24.) Plants are classified into four major groups: Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and lastly the Angiosperms. Bryophytes are the plants that do not have true vascular systems, which consist of the xylem and the phloem. In this group, includes the mosses, liverworts and hornworts. Together, they are considered as land plants that reproduce their own asexually by producing spores. Spores are produced in the ‘sporangium’ (plural sporangia), a bulb-like structure located at the top of the stalk. It can only be seen through the use of high powered microscope. Because they lack vessels that can bring the nutrients from the Continue reading...

Fast foods are not new phenomena; these are foods that are quickly prepared and served. It traced its origin in the US in the 1950s. In a typical setup, these foods are served in restaurants, and other food outlets close to the people. The ever growing popularity of such foods has been to blame on the laziness of the people (especially college students) who seem to prefer precooked meals to well cooked meals. These types of food are common among the children in the colleges, both local college students and international college students. These types of food include, desserts, Continue reading...

Dietary plan for Mrs. Crites

It is important for us to understand that there is no specific meal plan that suits all skin conditions. This simply tells us that there are certain meal plans that work for certain skin condition. This indicates that there are certain types of diet or meal plan that best suits Betty Crites skin condition that is found to be showing the signs of stage 1 pressure ulcers. An ulcer that is related to the effect of reduced mobility the patient has as a challenge resulting from the lifestyle of an unskilled long term care. Her chronic conditions of hypertension Continue reading...

Lab Partner’s Name:

Room Number 428
Lab Date and Time Wed AM
Abstract
Bananas are a fruit that must be transported under specific conditions to avoid ripening before they reach their destination. Fruit ripening can be quantified by examining the levels of glucose residues that are hydrolyzed from complex carbohydrates such as starches. This study set out to determine whether banana ripeness could be quantified using a DNS assay. This assay was also used to identify which storage conditions serve best for maintaining bananas during transport. The results of this study indicate that refrigeration can prevent banana fruit from overripening during transport. Continue reading...

Recorded intake of macronutrient. Based on my daily intake of recorded foods, foods that provided proteins include chicken, beans, dairy (including yoghurt and milk), egg, bread etc. Carbohydrates were provided by bread, pasta, cereal, dairy, beans and fruits. Lipids or fats were provided by chicken and dairy, eggs and the oil that was used in preparation of food.
Based on the three day recorded protein intake the amount of carbohydrate and protein (approximately 55 gm protein and approximately 180-200 gm carbohydrates) compared well with the recommended dietary reference intake for an adult. However the level of lipids or fats Continue reading...

Abstract

Statistics have confirmed that children with Down syndrome are at a higher risk of suffering from obesity. The understanding of some of the risk factors that can increase obese cases among Down syndrome children is therefore vital among primary caregivers. The adoption of an effective and early management and screening mechanisms addressing diabetes risk facts will be of critical importance in reducing excessive weight gain among children suffering from Down syndrome. The adoption of reliable and sustainable strategies will also be of essence in dealing with negative psychological and physiological outcomes associated with obese.
Modern scientists and health care Continue reading...

Introduction

Health is the most important part of our life. Without good health, it is impossible to enjoy life for a prolonged period of time. Health has two components; lifestyle and nutrition. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle goes a long way to keep a person fit. Nutrition is another factor to cherish good health from deep within the body. In recent times, the global health is showing an uptrend in many factors all over the world. The number of child deaths per year has reduced drastically. More people have access to potable water and the maternal deaths per births have reduced Continue reading...

Importance of Nutrition

Nutrition is important because it affects body development and systems at all the stages of an individual’s life. Diet affects mood alteration, mental development, physical well-being, and behavior. Nutrition affects physical health because the amount and quality of food eaten determine the availability of energy needed and the nutrients. The nutrients in the food are important in coordinating the activities of the nerves and the muscles. Nutrition affects mental health in that the brain requires certain nutrients found in food for proper functioning. Poor nutrition can influence the mind by causing depression, poor sleep, fatigue and poor concentration ( Continue reading...

Introduction

Q1 . The fundamental requirement for a living cell to sustain itself are a carbon source, an energy source, an electron donor, an electron acceptor and elemental nutrients(N,P, S, Mg,) etc. Explain how each of these fundamental requirements are needed by the living cell to function. Explain how the cell can maintain its own internal biological processes without being in equilibrium with the external environment.
The living cells can function within a constricted range of such conditions such as nutrient availability, pH, ion, temperature, etc. The cell must coordinate different chemical reactions and consolidate many different molecules into Continue reading...

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(City, State)

Introduction

TLC or Thin-layer chromatography refers to a technique that is applied in the separation of mixtures that are not volatile (Reich & Schibli, 2007). The process is done on a sheet of plastic, glass, or aluminum foil that has been coated using a thin layer of material that is adsorbent such as aluminum oxide, silica gel and cellulose (Sherma & Fried, 2003; University of Colorado, 2014). This adsorbent layer is referred to as the stationary phase. The sample is usually applied using a capillary tube on the plate, and the sample is taken up the Continue reading...

#1. Observations
Human beings are morphologically diverse. Compared to other primates, human beings show less variation. We differ considerably in our external appearances (eye color, hair color, skin color, hair texture, skin texture, blood group types- A,B, AB and O, height, build, facial features, etc) and our physiology. However despite all these variations, the genome of each and every human being is 99 percent identical (Lai CQ, 2010). It is also interesting to note that humans and chimpanzees share 98 percent of the genome. The study of these genetic variations is very important to geneticists. The allelic differences Continue reading...

Summary

Introduction
The two articles focus on researches that were conducted so as to get some viable findings that involved analyzing the effects of amino acids and carbohydrates of muscular adaptations under different circumstances.
Summary
In the research by Ferreiraa et al. (2014), the most beneficial strategy of improving the performance of muscles is through the intake of nutrients, especially carbohydrates and protein during peri-exercise. Several methods and materials were used before coming to this conclusion. The methods used were supplementation protocol, experimentation approach and pretesting analysis. Resistance exercise protocol, muscle biopsies and blood sampling were highly employed in the Continue reading...

Do children who eat breakfast perform better in school than those who do not eat breakfast?

Breakfast is the most important meal of the day and has an important role in children’s daily activities. Different types of B vitamins, Vitamin D, iron, and iodine are found in higher quantities, i.e. about 20% to 60% in children, who have the habit of eating breakfast as compared to the children who skip breakfast often (Adolphus, Lawton, & Dye, 2013). Moreover, eating breakfast can also help in keeping the body mass index (BMI) within the normal range. Breakfast can help children in reducing the chances of being overweight.
Healthy breakfast having all the essential nutrients can help in Continue reading...

Thesis: Junk food should be banned in school campuses because it leads to illnesses, depression, and low self-esteem.
- Introduction
- Defining Junk Foods
- Why Junk Food Should Be Banned in Schools
- Junk food presents obesity risk to children and teenagers
- Availability of junk foods in school premises contributes to temptations to purchase unhealthy food items.
- Junk food has significant effects on children’s energy levels and ability to focus
- Junk food contributes to the development of chronic illnesses in children and teenagers.
- Eating junk food could lead to loss of self-esteem and Continue reading...

Dieting has become an urgent problem of nowadays for many people. Obesity, high cholesterol level, killing heart diseases, and diabetes are haunting people making them look for a way to prevent or cure them. Dieting is often a solution they seek. For more than thirty years a low-fat diet has been considered a panacea. But is it really as efficient as it is said?
The idea of limiting the amount of fat intake to avoid cholesterol level increase and resultant heart diseases was first introduced as early as in the mid-1979s by Marshal Matz and Alan Stone, members of Continue reading...

Should Fast Food Be Banned?

Human’s lives have changed over years and the nature of their actions. In these recent years, the cycle of life has become fast and time is almost out of peoples’ hands. The reason behind this fact is the cost of living is becoming higher. People have to work for many hours because nowadays’ life is becoming difficult. Therefore, the way of life must change to keep up with this style of life. Food was one of the main things that got changed because of this matter.New methods offood preparation were created and ways of cooking have changed mostly Continue reading...

Diabetes is characterized in two types: Type I and II. In the type I diabetes, the immune system abort the function of pancreatic cells and it stops making insulin hormone. In type II diabetes, alterations in insulin secretion occur, and body cannot utilize the insulin effectively because of increased resistance against insulin. If not treated and monitored properly, it can turn up into life threatening disease (Webmd.com, 2014; Rubin, 2011).
I. Diabetes Monitoring and Treatment

A. Glucose meters

Using a glucose meter for monitoring blood sugar on a daily basis has become a habit of millions of Americans. Glucose meters are small Continue reading...

Von Gierke Disease

Introduction
Von Gierke disease or Glycogen Storage Disease Type 1 (GSD-1) belongs to a group of rare metabolic disorders with a reported incidence of 1 case per 100,000 births per year. The clinical condition results from deficiency of key enzymes in the glycolytic pathway resulting in an increase in intermediate metabolites and accumulation of glycogen in the affected tissues. It is a genetic disorder with a natural history of severe developmental abnormalities and long term complications. This paper provides an overview of GSD-1 based on studies published in peer reviewed journals with a focus on its genetic determinants, Continue reading...

Abstract

Solid waste and wastewater are primary sources of pollution from food processing industries. The wastewaters usually contain high suspended solids, organic starch and sugars that may contain toxic substances to the environment. Solid wastes come from organic materials while the mechanical preparation processes need biological treatment before releases into the environment. When untreated, they find their way into other water plants like lakes and streams. Since they have higher nutrient content, they result of eutrophication of the water systems hence causing algal growth. It, therefore, compromises the stability of the aquatic ecosystems as the water quality is changed. It Continue reading...

Carbohydrates play a major role in maintaining and promoting human health: from the provision of energy to maintenance of the microbial composition of the gastrointestinal tract. Some of the functions of carbohydrates in the diet include the following: provision of energy, formation of various body structures, and sparing of other structural proteins from being used to obtain energy.
However, sometimes there is a need to reduce consumption of carbohydrates. For instance, whenever there is a need to reduce weight or to control blood sugar level, people often resort to the use of non-caloric artificial sweeteners. The sweeteners replace glucose Continue reading...

Background

Type II diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder found in adults that involves high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) due to insulin resistance as well as an insufficient amount of insulin. Type II diabetes differs from Type I diabetes, which is characterized by a complete lack of insulin. Symptoms of Type II diabetes include thirst, frequent urination and hunger. Long term complications include heart disease, strokes, vision problems and kidney failure. Today, there are close to 300 million people in the world who have been diagnosed with type II diabetes, an increase of 10 fold over the past 30 years. This Continue reading...

Introduction

Obesity and overweight have been classified as global and serious conditions that have an adverse effect on the human health. Obesity and overweight conditions are defined as excessive or abnormal accumulation of fat that may negatively affect health. In adults the obesity and overweight are measured by the body mass index (BMI), which is simple weight-for-height index (WHO, 2014). The BMI is computed by the ratio of the individual's body weight to the square of body height, indicated in Kg/m2 (WHO, 2014). According to W.H.O., (World Health Organisation), a BMI equal or above 25 is considered as overweight while Continue reading...

Harvey requires enough energy to perform. Consequently, he must consume enough calories to meet all his energy needs. The actual requirement for calorie intake depends on one’s level of fitness and bodyweight. In addition, the intensity, frequency, and duration of physical activity also greatly influence one’s actual energy requirement.

Carbohydrates

Given that Harvey’s daily workouts involve high-intensity activities, his calorie intake should comprise of between55 to 70 percent carbohydrates. In this case, 3 grams per pound of body weight would be appropriate. Based on this recommendation, Harvey should consume approximately 480 grams of carbohydrates per day in Continue reading...

Historical background

Before the 20th century, diabetic conditions were rare in the human population. In early 1900, the problem was known as “honey urine” identified among the rich gluttons. In the late years, many physicians distinguished and identified insulin dependent and non-insulin dependent. The adoption and classification of the disease as type one and type 2 diabetes took place in 1970. Until 1950, diet change was considered the only remedy for the problem. Type 2 diabetes was first identified and seen common among the wealthy people. Improvement in living standards influenced development of this condition among the people lower social class

Description and explanation of the disease

Continue reading...

Obesity

We have all heard about the growing epidemic of obesity from our parents, teachers, and even our government. According to a recent study, about a quarter of two to five year olds and one-third of children are overweight or obese in the U.S. (Ogden et al., 2014). There is a wide array of factors which play a role in children becoming overweight or obese. Genetics, along with behavioral, social, cultural, environmental influences, can create an environment conducive for obesity. Environmental factors include great amount of exposure to advertising that encourages food consumption and promotes unhealthy foods, technological advances or Continue reading...

Introduction

Diabetes refers to a metabolic disorder of several etiology. The disorder is typified by chronic hyperglycemia and metabolic disturbances of fat, carbohydrate and protein due to insulin deficiency, defect in its action or a combination of both (Alberti & Zimmet, 2004). The chronic hyperglycemia leads to damage, dysfunction of several organs including the eyes, heart, blood vessels, kidneys and nerves (American Diabetes Association, 2011). Diabetic patients present primarily with excessive thirst, loss of weight, blurring of vision and weight loss. Long standing diabetes is associated with complications such as retinopathy, cardiovascular diseases, neuropathy, hypertension and metabolic abnormalities. There are two Continue reading...

An Analysis

An Analysis
Weight Watchers diet started in September 1961 when Jean Nidetch, an overweight woman from Queens, New York, discovered that the most effective keys to weight control are actually "empathy, rapport and mutual understanding." This discovery was made while she was talking to her friends who, like her, had trouble sticking to their diets and were thus gaining weight instead of losing it. What started as a mutual support meeting between her and a few friends grew to be a world-wide weight control organization now commonly called the Weight Watchers. Officially, Weight Watchers International became a company in Continue reading...

Thesis statement

THESIS STATEMENT: World over there has been a shift in the health problems that face the human populations. With advancements in the medical research, most infectious diseases are now treatable (Carter, 2007). Advancement in food technology has also seen a shift from the traditional foods to more refined foods. It has resulted in an increase of dietary associated conditions such as diabetes, hypertension and obesity. Consumption of foods with high refined sugar levels has been proven to be the most significant cause of obesity(Brehm-Curtis, 2014).Children are exposed to beverages and snacks that have high sugar levels. This Continue reading...

Abstract

The report discusses the aspects of food in detail regarding the ethics and moral duty that is the liability of the restaurants and caterers. Food is the basic necessity of life. Healthy food is essential for the proper growth of the body a d minds. Owing to it, serious concerns have been arising regarding the healthy food available in restaurants. Often people are motivated to take their meals from outside restaurants in cases e.g. while travelling, in hurry, on duty, for enjoyment, etc. So this report discusses all the issues at one place.

Introduction

Human body is like a racing Continue reading...

Food items such as eggs, vegetable oil, walnut, fish and milk all vary greatly from each other. Do these items still have anything in common? The answer to this question is ‘Yes’. Lipids are the ones arousing a sense of similarity between them.
Lipids are the group of organic compounds like fats, mono-glycerides, di-glycerides, tri-glycerides, fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E and k) and some components of membranes which usually do not react with water but yet they group together. In other words, Lipids may be defined as the molecules containing hydrocarbons and making up the building blocks of Continue reading...

Abstract

Adequate nutrition is required for optimal wound healing. The normal processes that allow the progress of wound healing are disrupted due to nutritional deficiencies. Increased infection rates and decreased wound tensile strength are associated with malnutrition. Chronic on-healing wounds are formed in malnourished patients or individuals. Such patients can develop infections, pressure ulcers, and delayed wound healing. Morbidity and mortality among malnourished patients with chronic wounds constitute a serious clinical concern. Wound healing is considered as a complex process. It is the process of replacing injured tissue with new tissue (produced by the body). Production of new tissue is Continue reading...

Analytical methods to evaluate seed dormancy in legumes

Abstract
Legumes are known to have multiple health benefits. The seed coat in particular contains a number of bioactive compounds which possess antioxidant activity. Of great interest is the relationship between the chemical composition of the seed coat and its role in seed dormancy. Modern technological approaches are currently used to further identify these compounds and determine their role in seed development; these include NRIS FTIR, mass spectroscopy, electron microscopy and chromatography. The following review describes the constituents of the legume seed coat and their respective roles in dormancy and other stages of seed development. The review also highlights Continue reading...

October 24, 14

Summary of the article
Biochemistry - the science that studies carbon compounds with other organic elements and the laws of their transformation. This science studies the chemicals, their structure and distribution in the body. There are three subdivisions of biochemistry:
- Chemistry of life
- Study of activities on the molecular level
- Studying chemical processes within the living organisms.
Biochemistry is generally applied in 3 spheres: Medicine(with the help of biochemistry new cures are being constantly created), Food industry(is used for nutrition) and Agriculture( it is applied for increment of crop cultivation and creating more efficient Continue reading...

Childhood is a critical time of mental, emotional, and physical growth and development. The events that happen during childhood often have long lasting ramifications into adulthood. Quite often, the effects of childhood abuse follow victims throughout their lives, causing health and emotional difficulties that require professional assistance, and money, to remediate. Children have a right to be raised in an environment that is optimal to good health and sets them up for success. Parents who intentionally, through lack of reasonable actions, raise obese children should be prosecuted for child neglect.
Parents are responsible to keep their children healthy and Continue reading...

Question 2: How many serves of each of the five food groups and discretionary foods did you have on average across your two days? Comment on how this intake compares to the recommended serves listed in the Australian Dietary Guidelines appropriate to your age and gender? Which foods contributed most to your intake, or were missing from your intake if you ate minimal serves from a particular food group? (600 words)
Across the two days, each of the food category was only served once with an exception of whole meal bread (carbohydrate and dietary fiber) and chicken-meat (hem protein), Continue reading...