Essays on Digestive System

Complete the following questions:

What factors contribute to malnutrition in both developing countries and developed countries? Answer: The causes of malnutrition are diverse in developed and developing countries. The factors are determined by the availability of food, types of food and demographical influences. In developing countries, the main reason is unavailability of food. On the other hand, the reason for malnutrition in developed countries is high calorie diet lacking in essential vitamins and minerals. Obesity and overweight are also forms of malnutrition (Mandal).

What foods might be economically introduced to these diets to help address the problem?

Answer: For developing countries, the need of the hour is to provide Protein and Calorie rich food. Pulses can act ...

Abstract

Herbivores exclusively feed on plants while carnivores feed on meat. These food preferences mean that there are differences in the oral cavities, the stomach, the small intestines and the entire digestive tract mechanisms of the two types of animals. While carnivores such as lions have short digestive tracts with stronger and more acidic digestive juices because meat is easier to digest, herbivores such as zebras have long digestive tracts that are alkaline to increase the rate of digestion and absorption of plant materials. The basic difference between carnivores and herbivores is that they exclusively feed on meat and plants ...

Healthcare has been experiencing tremendous transformations in the recent past, and this can be attributed to the changing health needs of the people. To adapt to these changes, the models of care delivery, care services, and even the personnel, have changed as well. Also, there is an increasing need to provide patient-centered and culturally sensitive care, as cultural diversity continues to pose a challenge to the delivery of holistic care. One approach of delivering care services is by focusing on a family, identifying the specific health needs of such families, and developing plans of treatment that are focused on ...

There is a misconception that detox is a good way to lose weight, thus, it will lead an individual to health and wellness. This is primarily due to misinformation about the benefits or effects of detoxification on the body. Detoxification is the body’s way of eliminating it with toxins coming from foods people eat, population, cigarette smoke, and lifestyle choices, among others. Although the body has a natural way of eliminating wastes from the body, the process of detoxifying makes it easier and faster, with a side effect of losing excess body weight. Martha’s Vineyard Diet Detox ...

2017-01-02

Abstract The issue of such parasitic disease as toxoplasmosis is presented in this paper. This disease is caused by the pathogen Toxoplasma gondii. The cases of toxoplasmosis are more prevalent in African countries and countries of Latin and South America. The toxoplasmosis usually has final and intermediary owners: domestic animals (primarily cats) are the intermediary owners and they can infect human. There are different forms of the toxoplasmosis. The adult organism with the strong immune system may not even notice that he is sick. At the same time, the common symptoms of the toxoplasmosis are similar to the acute ...

Summarize the role of each of the 12 human body systems.

Skeletal System: The role of the skeletal system is to provide a framework to give support and act as a defense for the soft tissues within the human body.

Muscular System: The role of the muscular system is to be accountable for all movement within the human body.

Cardiovascular System: The role of the cardiovascular system is to be accountable for the movement of nutrients, oxygen, hormones, and cellular waste products all over different parts of the body. Digestive System: The role of the digestive system is to transform food into energy and basic vitamins to nourish the whole human body. Endocrine System: The role of the endocrine system is to regulate the activities of all of the ...

Multiple choice questions

Multiple Choice Questions

Increased erythropoietin production Increased heart rate Increased cardiac output Enhancement in oxygen extraction The answer for this question is b. increased heart rate. A reduction in tissue oxygenation as happens in anemia stimulates increased production of erythropoietin through a complex feedback mechanism. Increased production of erythropoietin enhances erythropoiesis in anemia. Increased extraction of oxygen in anemia is a compensatory mechanism that is mediated by an increase in 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate concentrations. Increased cardiac output is the main hemodynamic compensatory mechanism in anemia that aims to increase blood flow to the body organs. An increase in heart rate ...

Introduction

Nutritional needs changes throughout a person’s life that if not properly assessed may lead to malnutrition. Malnutrition is the state of the body lacking important nutrients or having excess or imbalance of energy. According to studies, 16% of people over 65 years and 2% of people over 85 years are malnourished. Studies also show that approximately two-thirds of people occupying hospital beds are above the age of 65 years (Ahmed & Haboubi, 2010). Malnutrition is associated with a number of health outcomes such as poor wound healing, slow recovery from surgery, higher hospital readmissions, and deaths. Malnutrition is high ...

Abdominal Pain

Acute abdominal pain is a common presenting complaint. It can be due to a range of conditions some of which are benign and self-limiting and others life-threatening medical/surgical emergencies (Cartwright and Knudson, 2008). This paper will address the issue of abdominal pain from a paramedicine perspective in reference to a 29 year old male patient who presents with this complaint. It will interrogate the provided information and identify other essential information that is needed, three differential diagnoses for the patient, and the pathophysiology of the most probable diagnosis. Lastly, the implications of the case on paramedicine practice will be ...

Adopted Derivative and Function in the Financial Markets

Derivatives are important tools in the financial markets because they help reduce investment losses resulting from the fluctuating interest rates. For example, Societe Generale lost about $7 billion following the 2008 property market crisis, which could have been much higher if the company did not hedge its funds. Credited default swaps (CDS) or credit derivative contracts on mortgage-backed securities played a major role in the development of the housing bubble in the American property markets. The swipes were widely used to insure debts using subprime housing securities in the property markets. Swap derivatives can be defined as a series ...

Gambling has been a vital problem of many scientific researches all around the world. This phenomenon attracts millions of people who even do not guess how badly gambling influences their physical and mental health. According to statistical data, it turns out that gambling fully affects the human psyche, and it provides the impact as that one of a powerful narcotic substance and causes addiction. Gambling people necessarily need to be treated, because the scientists prove that the interest in casino, online games and slot machines provide such effects as depression, insanity, schizophrenia and other psychological disorders. Gambling is a ...

Introduction

Diabetes impacts the body’s capacity to secrete or utilize insulin, a hormone that regulates the level of sugars in the blood. Possible complications that occur due to diabetes include heart attack, cardiovascular disease, and kidneys failure. This research paper analyzes how diabetes impacts the human body.

Circulatory system

Diabetes contributes to the disposition of fats in the blood vessels over time. The fat deposits may inhibit blood circulation and result in hardening the blood vessels, a condition known as atherosclerosis. Baoge and Tao (2015) assert that atherosclerosis is a vital pathologic cause of cardiovascular disease. Also, inhibited blood circulation may ...

Abstract

The composition of the foods people consume has a significant influence on their health. Whole certain components in certain foods offer protection against the development of certain disease conditions, the consumption of other components at certain levels might predispose one to certain diseases and disease conditions. The processing industries have a role to inform the consumer of the ingredients in their food products. This is necessary for the consumer to make informed decisions about their dietary choices. This requirement is enforced by the role through regulations passed by government agencies. Even then, certain compounds that are present in processed ...

Introduction

The learning of a phenomenon requires the exploration of a variety of sources of information. The human personnel can be a source of specific information on certain aspect. For instance, interviewing a professional can help gather information on certain key aspects of the profession or a subject matter related to the profession. The interest in this paper is in the guidelines for the screening of colorectal cancer as a policy issue. To complement the secondary sources of information, this paper benefits from information gathered from an interview performed on the sixth day of July, 2016. The interviewee was Alison ...

Answer Questions

Answer Questions.

Dietary factors (an unhealthy diet). Lifestyle (A sedentary lifestyle). Genes (familial predisposition) (Wallis, 2014). List four things that bacteria in our digestive system do to help us. Digestion of plant fibers. Influencing the storage of fat. Influencing blood glucose levels. Influencing response to hormones related to hunger (Wallis, 2014). Of the four things you have listed above (answers 4-7) which is the best documented, the best understood scientifically? The most understood and documented of the four activities is the digestion of plant fibers since bacteria have been found to digest organic materials both in vivo and in-vitro.

What are the two locations in the body that hold the most bacteria?

...

As the population grows, the scientists try to search for the new sources of food. In the XXI century, biotechnology is able to provide the solution for the food problem. The biotechnology products use various types of feedstock, therefore it is a prospective trend for development and implementation into food industry. There are three aspects for assessing the food quality: nutritional value (composition), safety, taste & flavor, and nutrients availability. The nutritional value of milk is about proteins, sugars, fats, and energy content. The safety refers to presence of potentially hazardous chemicals (heavy metals ions, pesticides, fertilizers residuals, etc.), as ...

Biomolecules serve different functions in a cell. The three major classes of biomolecules in the cell are: proteins, nuclei acids and carbohydrates. These molecular structures serve nearly similar functions in most organisms. Though the function of protein in forming cell architecture, signaling and communication is well known, little is known about the role of carbohydrate in communication. Nevertheless, it goes un-denying that carbohydrates are indispensable for cellular communication and signaling, just like proteins and nucleic acids. The paper titled, Carbohydrates in Cell Recognition, by the authors Nathan Sharon and Halina Lis, is a good review that elucidates the significance ...

Trace elements refer to chemicals that form parts of important enzymes found in the body of a living organism occurring in minute amounts, less than 0.1% by volume (Anonymous, 2015). Trace elements are available in the natural environment and play a critical role in the survival of all living organism. Individual elements attract molecules from the environment and convert them to various products needed by the organism. Examples of trace elements are iron, copper, zinc, manganese, boron, molybdenum, iodine, cobalt among others. However, the following paper analyzes only three of these trace elements namely, copper, iron, and zinc.

Copper

Introduction ...

Absorption

Absorption is the process through which biomolecules traverse through the GI tract into the circulatory system. Digested food gets absorbed in the small intestinal lumen through four processes, which include active transport, passive transport, endocytosis and facilitative diffusion. The efficiency of absorption of nutrients may be attributed to the large surface area lined up with hair like projections and microvilli cells .

Excretory System

Excretion is the mechanism through which waste products and eliminated from the body and osmotic pressure and homeostasis is achieved in the body . The process of excretion in the body takes place in three stages: filtration, reabsorption and ...

Crohn’s Disease is a chronic condition grouped under Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) which causes inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract especially at the beginning of the colon and the end of the ileum. It can also affect the entire thickness of the bowel wall. This disease is usually manifested in symptoms such as: persistent diarrhoea, rectal bleeding, urgent need to move bowels, altered taste sensation, loss of appetite, sweating at nightime, fever, loss of appetite, sensation of incomplete evacuation of stool, constipation and in women, loss of normal menses (Greenstein p.400). Apart from medication, the disease is also treated ...

The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels that get bifurcated further into veins, capillaries, and arteries. Lungs and airways make the most of the respiratory system; these, coupled with other structures help in the inhalation and exhalation process. Muscles are the other part of the system that helps the lungs to expand and contract in sync with inhalation and exhalation. Absorption starts in the body after the food is broken down into its building blocks. The process of absorption starts in the abdomen with the direct consumption of simple substances( e.g. water and alcohol) into the ...

Human beings tend to always want to take the Bible as it is, in that they tend to always want to take whatever that has been written to be the gospel truth. However, when one logically takes the writings and wordings of the Bible, it will be impossible for one to say that every statement and verse in the Bible is the true word for word. The Bible is said to be God’s revelation to human beings and it is meant to stipulate how we are supposed to carry out ourselves. However, taking each and everything as it ...

Gene replacement refers to a technique which utilizes homologous recombination (Carter & Shieh, 2010, p. 265), to make alterations by either adding a gene, deleting a gene or including point mutations. Gene replacement attempts to cure most of the genetic diseases at molecular level. A successful gene replacement prevents a protein from causing harm, giving new functions to proteins, and recovering or enhancing the normal function of a protein. This technique is commonly used to prevent, treat or improve animals. This is a permanent process that is very beneficial to animals. The process of animal gene replacement involves several processes ...

The Translation Science Project

The current translation project focuses on colorectal cancer. The translation science project is a contribution to the efforts towards the improvement of the compliance with the screening protocol of colorectal cancer for Latin America patients aged between 50 and 70 years in a community health setting in Miami-Dade. The proposed project’s objective will help to determine how health care staff utilizes evidence-based practices (EBP) CRC screening protocol to improve compliance among Latin population aged 50 to 70 years old. In this project, the population of interest will consist of Latin American patients aged between 50 to 70 years ...

Abstract

The choice between breastfeeding and bottle (formula) feeding appears to be one of the fundamental decisions that await both new and expectant parents. Quite a number of health bodies including World Health Organization (WHO), American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and also the American Medical Association (AMA), all recommend breastfeeding to be the appropriate choice for infants (Andres, Cleves, Bellando, Pivik, Casey, & Badger, 2012). Breastfeeding assists defend against several chronic conditions, prevent allergies, and protect against infections. The AAP, in particular, recommends that infants be breastfed exclusively for the first six (6) months following their birth. Beyond that, breastfeeding is ...

Teeth are considered to be among the hardest substances in the human body, its’ essential function is to aid the process of food digestion. Through chewing, teeth break down food materials in the mouth to smaller substances that can be swallowed for further digestion and absorption in the stomach. Besides being vital in digestion, teeth also play a significant role in providing structural support to the facial muscles that are responsible for different facial expressions such as smile and frown. Teeth are also an important component in speech, functioning together with the tongue and lips. The human tooth is ...

Liver is the largest ‘gland’ of the digestive system. It is located right under the dome of the diaphragm, coated by the capsule. It is distinguished the liver’s convex upper surface adjacent to the diaphragm, and a lower, downwardly facing and in contact with the back and abdominal organs. On the part of the upper surface of the liver it can be seen its right and left lobes, the boundary of which is the crescent liver ligament. To the lower surface of the right lobe there is a gallbladder, close to the deep groove of the liver there ...

Tissue Staining

Q.7 Epithelium covers body surfaces, lines hollow organs and also forms gland. They serve as protective covers to the underlying tissues and prevents harm caused by physical, chemical and biological agents, to a significant extent. In addition, they also act as barriers, allowing the selected entry and exit of substances across the epithelium. The glandular epithelium has secretory function. Example: Epithelium of the pancreas, stomach, intestine, kidney. The epithelium lining the stomach and intestine help to absorb nutrients. (Henrikson, Kaye and Mazurkiewicz,1997) Q1. Micrograph A : Simple cuboidal epithelium. The cube shape of the cells and the centrally ...

People working in manufacturing and chemical industries are more prone to health hazards as they are exposed to dangerous substances that have adverse health effects on them. Frequent exposure to synthetic substances causes nausea, vomiting, and headaches, which, if not treated at earlier stages turn into life threatening diseases. These substances directly or indirectly exert toxic elements through biological, chemical, physical, genetic or psychological agents on living organisms and other biological systems, and this study is known as toxicology. In an organism these toxic elements are absorbed systematically through the skin, lungs, or gastro-intestinal tracts. The effect of these ...

The world of fashion is the area, which lures and charms both men and women. But very few people really know what it means to be a model and how much modeling industry negatively affects health of tender young women. Modeling industry is much criticized for that negative impact it has on the health of girls wishing to look as perfect as models and have such tender bodies as their favorite models. In the paper, we are going to concentrate on the topic how modeling industry affects models` health and discuss whether this industry shall be regarded responsible for ...

Introduction

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is the most prevalent genetic disorder in the Caucasian population, with an incidence of 1 in 2500 births. CF is a disease that affects many organs including the upper and lower respiratory tracts, pancreas, intestines and reproductive system. Over the past 20 years, our understanding of the manifestation and management of the disease has progressed dramatically. CF was once considered a condition of childhood and there was very little expectation that children would enter adult life. However, CF has become a multisystem adult disease with the increased survival attributable to advancements in standardized treatment, introduction of ...

INTRODUTION

Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) is an enzyme that plays a significant role in the metabolism of dopamine (DA) and amounts to approximately 60% or more of DA breakdown in the frontal cortex . The gene expressing the COMT enzyme could affect cognition and functioning of the brain via its action on dopaminergic function. A polymorphic variation occurs in the coding area of the COMT gene (a Guanine to Adenine replacement), changing the amino acid from valine (Val) to methionine (Met) at the codon position 158 (Val158Met) and consequently influencing the thermal tolerance and stability of the enzyme. Allelic discrepancies in enzyme ...

Healthy behaviors play a key role in daily life. Yet, certain unhygienic practices tend to interfere with the health and induce a risk to the overall life. These practices could be high-fat diet, alcohol, and smoking. There is a need to know much about these. In such context, the present description deals with a topic “ What will kill you first, a smoking, a high-fat diet or alcohol?”.

Health -related risk factors:

A risk factor is any quality, trademark or presentation of a person that improves the probability of building up an ailment or damage. A few illustrations of the more vital danger elements ...

{Author Name} {Instructor’s name}

Abstract

Nutrition is the intake of food which is necessary for survival. A healthy nutritional diet is essential for a healthy body and mind. A balanced diet helps in growth and development, strengthening the immune system, executing the all-important chemical and hormonal activities as well as cell reproduction. Food is further categorized into types and components that play a significant role in processing the biological mechanism at a very minute level. There is six main type of food that includes grain, milk products, Meat, fruits, vegetables, and oils. Water is the most important part of ...

Article Review

Brenner, H., Chang-Claude, J., Seller, C. M., Rickert, A., & Hoffmeister, M. (2011). Protection From Colorectal Cancer After Colonoscopy: A Population-Based, Case-Control Study. Ann Intern Med, 22-30.

Introduction

The article, Protection from Colorectal Cancer after Colonoscopy, by Herman Brenner, Jenny Chang-Claude, Christoph M. Seller, Alexander Rickert and Michael Hoff Meister, seeks to define the relation between risk of Colorectal Cancer and previous colonoscopy. Colorectal Cancer, CRC, is common in both men and women; it is common in women than men. There are more than 1 million cases of CRC worldwide, and it claims more than 500,000 deaths annually (Brenner, Chang-Claude, ...

Brief information, risk factors and symptoms

Colon cancer, that is also known as colorectal, is a type of cancer that starts from rectum or colon. As any other type of cancer, colon cancer is characterized by uncontrolled growing cells of the body. This type of cancer usually starts with a polyp – a kind of growth on the inner lining of the rectum or colon. However, it is important to know that not all polyps change into cancer, though some of them might do it after several years. The chances that a polyp will become cancer after some, depends on the type of polyps. There are ...

Diverticular is a disease that involves the appearance of pockets or small bulges in the intestine walls (NHS, 2016). The pockets may become infected or inflamed resulting into diverticulitis. Some of the symptoms of diverticular include bloating; and pain in the lower abdomen. Many people who suffer from diverticular do not exhibit any symptoms. In such a case the condition is referred to as diverticulosis. On the other hand, diverticulitis has some serious symptoms that include fever; diarrhea; and severe pain in the abdomen. The diverticular disease occurs on the walls of the colon. The responsibility of the colon ...

Introduction

Recently, worldwide obesity prevalence has been raised rapidly and nearly doubled between 1980 and 2014, however in 2014 more than a half a billion of adult (18 years and older) were obese (11% men and 15% women) (WHO, 2014). Obesity and overweight are defined as excess body fat accumulation that leads to health risks and comorbidities. Adult weight can be classified based on the Body Mass Index. Hence, an individual having a BMI equal to or more than 25 is regarded as being overweight, while a person with a BMI equal to or more than 30 is considered obese ( ...

Dr. 1

Define the term probiotic. (Make sure you include the three components of this definition and use your own words—DO NOT copy the statement from the slide).

Probiotic is a term used to define microorganisms that are believed to have health benefits to humans when consumed.

When did the NIH human microbiome project begin and what were its two major objectives? NIH human microbiome project began in the year 2005. Its two major objectives are to identify microbes present human body and identify their role in human health and disease

Which different mechanisms were suggested through which microbiota may contribute to colorectal cancer?

Microbiome can contribute to colorectal cancer by the production of toxic and genotoxic bacterial metabolites that can lead to mutations by binding specific cell surface receptors and affect ...

Magnesium is an essential nutrient

Magnesium is a mineral which is of great abundance in the human body. Along with enzymes, it is important for protein synthesis, muscle regulation and a host of other important cellular factors such as oxidative phosporylation, energy production which involves production and utilization of ATP and glycolysis. Additionally, Magnesium is required to assist in different cellular processes such as DNA replication and transcription and RNA translation(Barbagallo, 2012). Magnesium is found usually in the bones and or in the soft tissues of humans. Next to Potassium, it is the most abundant ion in the body. The plasma actually contains ...

Introduction

The total number of patients with cancer keeps soaring globally with around 14 million cases diagnosed by 2014. Each year, about 8 million people die of cancer-related illnesses globally. There are quite some remedies that have been proposed to mitigate in the cancer menace. This study is focused on cancer treatment by curcumin through tyrosine kinase inhibition. Curcumin is the primary coloring agent found in turmeric, a tuber of the herb Curcuma longa Lin. It has widespread use as a flavoring agent (Aggarwal and Bokyung 87). It is also well known for its medicinal value commonly used to suppress ...

For many people, dogs are just animals that are considered loyal and friendly, but to others, they are more than just typified animals. They are pets, they are friends, and they are considered as family moreover they make an important part of the home. The best way to take care of one’s dog is to ensure its health and keep it in such a manner that its life is extended through good health. Hence, in order to keep your dog healthy, feed it a balanced diet with the right nutrients, exercise it daily and have the veterinarian take ...

Transtheoretical model of nursing in Obesity Management

{Author Name} {Institution Affiliation} {Date}

Introduction

Health promotion and nursing theories are strategically proposed to make people and health practitioners aware of managing and controlling different health related conditions. These approach mostly focus on primary and advanced care of a disease. Nursing theories and models are proposed in an expanded form of care that interferes with the whole environment surrounding an individual and involves a range of social and behavioral interventions. There are various nursing theories and models proposed from time to time to manage the health related issues. In this essay, the Trans Theoretical Model (TTM) based nursing intervention ...

Epidemiology among Italian Americans

Epidemiology data that compared the deaths status of Italians and Americans found that leading causes of death for adults at both times were similar in Italy and the United States. For the past thirty years, the leading cause of death for the adult population for Italians in has been degenerative diseases, particularly cardiovascular disease and cancer. Studies of Italian-born immigrants in New York and Pennsylvania had relatively low death rates when compared to other groups (Mugnaioli et al., 2006). Italian males had the lowest death rate from all causes of any foreign-born group even lower than the native population. ...

Abstract

This paper gives an insightful preview of the Panama's economy. It analyzes key data from the current major economic indicators to comprehend the state or nature of Panam. The analyzes espouse data and statistics drawn from the Panamanian Bureau of Statistics and Economic portfolios. It analyzes both the endogenous, exogenous economic factors, as well as their impact on the Panamanian economy. One of the most conspicuous endogenous factors is the Panama’s unsustainable development growth models. Its economic growth mostly focuses on the economic indicators while ignoring critical and pressing aspects such as social as well as environmental problems. ...

(Author, Department, University,

Corresponding Address and email)

Crohn’s Disease Crohn’s disease is a long-term disease and is considered as an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in which lining of the digestive tract is inflamed (Warner & Barto, 2010). This inflammation can mostly be found in the last parts of the small intestine or the large intestine. Most important symptoms of the Crohn’s disease include diarrhea, fatigue, abdominal pain, blood and mucus in the feces, and unintentional weight loss. However, sometimes there are no symptoms of the disease or there can be mild symptoms for longer periods of time, and then the symptoms ...

Identify and describe a theory from nursing or from another discipline that provides the framework for your Evidence Based Practice proposal (Low income African Americans have higher risk for colorectal cancer). Explain your rationale for picking this theory. 

Statistics

For the modern civilized world, colorectal cancer is quite prevalent type of cancer and is the fourth largest among the others types of cancers. Every year in the global database 800 new cases of the disease are recorded, half of which are fatal. Interestingly, about 133 thousand of the victims are residents of the United States of America (American Canser Society, ...

Chakra word comes from the Sanskrit term that means wheels. As we have seen, wheels are circular in shape, so is the chakra. They are present in different parts of our body and are the main source of energy but they are of non material counterpart. They are situated from the lower portion of the spine to the uppermost portion of the head. The chakra possess various symbols and colors . The importance of Chakras are mentioned in the Upanishads of Hindu mythology as also in Tibetan Buddhism as Vajrayana theory (Ferretti ). In Yoga, it is believed that we cannot ...

Introduction

The recent years have seen the explosion of both fad and health-based diets in most contemporary societies as people become increasingly health-conscious. Among these diets is the gluten-free diet which has risen in popularity over the last two decades due to the surge in the prevalence of both celiac disease and gluten sensitivity disorders. A gluten-free diet is a type of diet that eliminates any foods that contain the protein gluten, which naturally occurs in wheat, rye, and barley (Cheezburger Incorporation). Other grains that contain gluten include Kamut, oat, spelt, and trificale. Traditionally, physicians recommended this diet for patients ...

In any balanced ecological system, both the host and the microbial are more often than not controlled by very complex arrays of interaction factors. Even though stochastic and external factors contribute to individuality of the microbiota, important principles that dictate how environmental factors as well as the host genetic factors combine. This combination shapes a complex ecosystem. Nonetheless, moving of certain mammals or vertebrates into different environments on most occasions brings about a host microbial interaction. The movement to some extent has tipped the balance of the ecological system in favor of the microbial parasites (Bates et al., 2006). ...

Abstract

This paper describes the various medical terminologies with their detailed meanings and brief definitions. The definitions and terminologies follow an essay which describes the many conditions and illnesses of the human body. It illustrates by discussing that certain diseases incurred by people might be similar in their symptoms and indications. Certain diseases are inherited by people and others can be incurred through environmental factors and growing age. The paper also explains that each part of the body is susceptible to disease. For instance, cancers can occur in many parts of the body and at times, an individual might not ...

Food Safety

Escherichia Coli commonly called E. coli is a variety of bacteria that is seen in the human intestine, and in the intestine of animals including big mammals. Even though many varieties of E. coli will not harm humans, certain varieties can lead to diseases. The most notorious version of E. coli is the E. coli O157: H7. This variety of E. coli leads to acute diarrhea in humans, and can even lead to serious medical conditions that cause harm to the kidneys. This variety of the bacteria produces a hazardous toxic compound called the Shiga toxin. Hence, this strand ...

Urinary diversions are ways of releasing urine from a patient’s body when they cannot urinate following a malfunction in the urinary system. The two general forms of diversions include incontinent and continent urinary diversions. The following is a further explanation as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each procedure. Incontinent Urinary Diversion is an old form of tract reconstruction. Blake et al. (2010) present it as the quickest and simplest form of urinary diversions due to its familiarity across many urologists and other physicians. In this procedure, urologists harvest a section of the small intestine, attach a ...

This was a study in which about 1,400 newborn children of Pacific Island plunge were taken after for a timeframe in the wake of being conceived in the nation of New Zealand. Particular ranges that were concentrated on was the procedure of partner maternal cultural assimilation, as measured by a truncated adaptation of the General Ethnicity Questionnaire, and that of a chose newborn child and maternal wellbeing hazard marker. The study discoveries uncovered that those newborn children who has a solid character to the Pacific Islands culture really has discernibly better baby and maternal danger variable results when ...

In most cases, hypolactasia (lactase deficiency) appears during the early childhood stage, and gradually increases in intensity as age increases. Note that the lactase enzyme (lactase-phlorhizin hydrolase) is an enzyme enabling the digestion and absorption of lactose, a carbohydrate found in dairy products and other food sources, which include milk and cheese. As effect, individuals with lactase deficiency experience lactose maldigestion (or malabsorption) when eating food rich in lactose. This symptom is most commonly referred to as lactose intolerance. A common characteristic of hypolactasia is that the condition first manifests as early as childhood. The condition can be diagnosed ...

Immunogenic cell death: the role of SAGE

Immunogenic cell death: the role of SAGE

Introduction

Millions of cells are always being removed in the human body not only to regulate and coordinate the body’s biochemical pathways but also to keep the cells healthy. This particular systematic removal of cells occurs through a selective mechanism called cell death or apoptosis process. Apoptosis is not a new concept in the understanding of the biological workings of the body. This homeostatic death of body cells has been defined as a tolerogenic or a non-immunogenic event for many [1]. However, new discoveries have unearthed the existence of a different concept ...

Question 1

Every day we spend a lot of time to find, prepare and eat food. For some people food is just a source of energy, for other people it is a pleasure and even an art. People pay a lot of attention to the nutrition facts today as well as to the origin of food and the method and place where the food was produced. In this regard scientist and dietologist have produced thousands of diets. One of them is reconstructing a dietary profile from our evolutionary past. Scientist believe that the place you and your ancestors were born can ...

(Author, Department, University,

Corresponding Address and email)

Crohn’s disease is a chronic disease resulting in inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Usually, Crohn’s disease disturbs the small intestine as well as the starting portion of the large intestine, but it can also disturb any part of the gastrointestinal tract ranging from the mouth to the anus. Most commonly, the disease starts with less severity but with the passage of time, it becomes more serious. People in the age range of 20 to 29 years have more chances of developing the disease. Nearly 25% of new cases of Crohn’s disease are found ...

Apart from increasing bone mineral density, decreasing bone loss, and reducing osteoporosis risk, calcium also confers protection against colorectal cancers, reduces cardiovascular disease risk, and improves management of body weight (Office of Dietary Supplements, 2016). Epidemiological studies have shown that in individuals consuming 700 to 1200 milligrams of calcium per day, colon cancer risk was reduced by 31 to 45 percent as compared to those with lower daily calcium intake. Randomized clinical experiments have also demonstrated that in subjects taking 1200 to 2000 milligrams of elemental calcium per day, the risk of adenomas, which are precursors of colorectal tumors, ...

Established in 1935 as a healthy foods store, GNC has managed to grow into one of the largest nutritional supplement companies in New York. The company, which has over 8800 stores all over America, participates in scientific research, manufacturing and packaging of products meant to improve its customer’s quality of life. One of the nutritional supplements produced by GNC is Fish oil. GNC fish oil has several health benefits including helping to treat arthritis, prevent Alzheimer’s disease, and treat and relieve symptoms of both colon and prostate cancer. Fish oil also helps in the prevention and treatment ...