Essays on Commerce

The extent of the regulatory power of an employer within the workplace often transgreses over the right to privacy of the employees. While the court upholds many times the right of the employers to exercise regulatory power over the workplace such as the conduct of search within the employee’s workplace, the same is only limited under justified circumstances. According to Perline and Goldschmidt (2004), the conduct of workplace search is only justified when the following elements are present: (1) there is reasonable ground to suspect misconduct of the employee or there is a valid, non-investigatory and work related Continue reading...

- Activity diagram
- Sequence diagram

What are the different Vulnerable Points in an E-commerce Environment?

An e-commerce environment has many vulnerable points that attackers can get to the system. One of the points of attack is the channel of connection between the client and the ISP provider. The attacker can tap this point and make an attack on the connection. The attacker can intercept the communication between the user and the Internet Service Provider (ISP) and use security threats like spoofing to get data from the client. The client will lose money in the process. Another point of vulnerability is the ISP networks. There could be sniffer programs Continue reading...

Use of Common Property to address the Commons Problem

Introduction
The use of common property to address the problem of common people refers to the tragedy of the commons. Most of the work on environment cuts across the pro-regulatory traditional protectionist laws and policies.
According to Acheson, the tragedy of commons does not hold correctly to the future of all the available resources. Private owners instead of the general deserving public use the resources. Acheson reviews several classic examples of managing environmental resources in his essay. There are some institutional regimes, which have been in operation for a long period without degrading the available resources. In addition, Acheson Continue reading...

PART 1

An international Joint Venture is an equity agreement in which foreign and local business organization co-own a business by pooling their resources together, share the risks associated with the business as well as exercising managerial control to operate an autonomous business in order to make profits or to enjoy economic and premeditated advantages.
The success of such ventures depends on a number of factors as. Some of the factors that determine the success of Joint Ventures include:
- Cultural factors- the way of life among different partners in a joint venture has a significant influence on the success of Continue reading...

There are varied definitions of common property that exist in various contexts. Its application and use is, therefore, determined by the specific context. Our definition of common property is in relation to real tangible property. Common property in this context of real properties can be defined as a property that is collectively owned by public or a community to which every member of the community has equal right to use and access. Sometimes, the government can own common property. Where government owns common properties, all citizens have a right to use it in various activities. The ownership and product Continue reading...

The options are ideal tools for position trading as well risk management. These options give their holders some right to buy and sell their underlying assets at a quoted price on or before the expiration date. A call gives a holder the right to buy an option while a put enables a holder to sell an option. The three major option strategies are as listed below in the various case studies.

Bullish option strategy

The McDonald Company has, in past five years, expected the underlying stock price of their diversified commodities to go upward. For this very reason, the company financial management Continue reading...

Double A women’s boutique located along Broadway street in New York City deals with retail selling of women clothes, shoes and other personal effects.

Self-Analysis

I consider the fact that I have ever worked in a women’s boutique along 59th street in New York as my major strength. However, my major weakness involves the fact that I have never taken part in business before and have zero experience in running personal businesses. The demand for women clothes and other personal effects have grown in the current times. The various fashion lines are high in demand from several Americans Continue reading...

Introduction

Financial markets in the economy have a role of linking the demanders and also the suppliers of funds. They enable firms and individuals to access capital and invest any surpluses. These are the markets that allow the financial sectors of the economy to run smoothly. However, many individuals do not understand these markets despite their crucial role in the economy. They have varied reasons for their failure to comprehend these markets and these reasons limit their understanding of the markets. This serves as the foundation for the thesis of this paper that is – accountants have a role to play Continue reading...

I had the opportunity to take a family friend for lunch yesterday in exchange for an insightful discussion about the small business that she started, ran for a couple of years and sold. Below are the questions that I asked her, and a summary of what I learned from her answers.
Question 1: what made you decide to open your own business? What made you think you had what it takes to be able to do this?
The entrepreneur told me that it was her dream during her twenty five year corporate career to leave all the politics behind Continue reading...

The world has become a global village where many companies producing their goods and services are marketing to the entire world. That is greatly influenced by the global economic interdependence, trade practices, and agreements in the market. For any company to be able to make global marketing decisions, it has to take into consideration the global economic interdependence together with the practices and agreements in the market.
When planning to market goods in another country there are several factors that one has to consider before investing in the market. Analyzing the pricing of goods in the country that you Continue reading...

An ideal market place is one where demand is equal to supply leading to the right quantity of goods being supplied into the market. The goods that are supplied in the market must also be used or at least bought by the consumers in order to create a “perfect” market place. If this balance is changes or forced to change, then the resulting market would not be an ideal market. It would either be more goods supplied than demanded or more goods demanded then supplied. In either case, this will lead to higher than the actual or lower than Continue reading...

The documentary Death by China was released in the year 2012. The movie is based on non-fiction book known as Death by China: Confronting the Dragon. The movie addresses one of the major issues facing America today. The increasing destruction brought about by China is affecting the economy of America. The trade relationship between America and China is tremendously increasing, especially on economic trade. The movie focuses on how the economic trade relationship is destructive to America. China began flooding the United States markets since the year 2001. These were characterized by illegally subsidized products from China. The flooding Continue reading...

The company chosen for the purpose of the assignment is Sony Corporation. Sony offers its consumers variety of product in Consumer Products and Devices (Official website of Sony, n.d.). Sony Corporation had an undying reputation of providing the best quality. Consumers consider the brand to be reliable and of high quality.
The major factor for which an effective operations management is important for an organization is to improve the productivity and to meet the competitive priorities of the customers. This in turn improves the efficiency of the organization.
The quality management approach at Sony is not only developed to Continue reading...

Power quality involving voltage occurs in two main ways. These include under voltage and overvoltage. Under voltage occurs when the power in transmission falls below 90% of the total power transmitted for a period of more than one minute. When the power is totally out, the situation is described as a blackout. When the power is fully present, it is simply said to be full power. There is a transition between full power and blackout that is described as brownout. Brownout is identified by dimming of lights, blackout by no lights at all, and full power by all domestic Continue reading...

Business management

Business management
Coast acquisition is business sales term that refers to the total expenses necessary to to attain a sale or retain a customer. Therefore, it the total cost associated with the buying and selling of goods and services, or even assets. In general, the net price plus the associated cost of purchase and taking the good to the point of use comprises the total acquisition costs. These cost include the following; the purchase cost i.e. research, closing, accounting, legal fees, and commissions, the transportation fee from the point of purchase to the end use location, preparation and other Continue reading...

After completing the “Play a Virtual Market” simulation, my knowledge regarding how the stock market works was greatly enhanced. My basic strategy was to invest in oil, banks and energy stocks. I also picked a few stocks whose name I recognized. Fundamentally, my strategy was to buy low and sell high. I was estimating that the price of these stocks will go up because of the increase in oil prices, which then increases the energy prices.
I realize that Investing in the stock market is a risky investment. However, that riskiness can be decreased by investing in options. An Continue reading...

Introduction

Central Intelligence Agency is an Agency that was established by the government so as to override on the matters that are pertinent to security. It started operating in the United States of America more that seventy years ago. In essence, the agency has manifested its relevance in the society because, all security matters have been at its most regarded discretion. In as far as events are concerned; the central Intelligence Agency has been conducting searches for people who engage in activities such as drug trafficking and other criminal activities. In most instances, our historical line has been marked by Continue reading...

Executive summary

McDonald's Corporation was founded in 1948 with its headquarters in the United States, Illinois. The Company has diversified its operations and customer base, serving over 56 million customers in a day, in 119 countries. McDonald's Corporation deals with food and beverage products such as hamburgers, French fries, milkshakes, chicken, and desserts among others albeit the company's products vary in different countries. McDonald's Corporation has undertaken various strategic business measures in ensuring diversification and expansion across the world. In the recent past, the company has exhibited significant improvement in production capacity, product differentiation, and training and development of employees.
McDonald's Continue reading...

competitors in the clothing industry include Buckle, Pac Sun, Aeropstale, Urban Outfitters, American Eagle Outfitters (AEO), Express, Wet Sea, Abercrombie & Fitch and Gap: however, Chic Boutiques’ main niche competitors are Wet Seal and American Eagle Outfitters (AEO) since they both target the same age demographic. Wet Seal deals in clothing for teenagers between 13-19 years and young women between 25-35 years of age, through its separate mall-based Wet Seal and Arden B chains of retail stores. Wet Sea stores sell fashionable clothing and accessories for female teenagers while, the Arden B. stores sell fashionable and contemporary office and casual Continue reading...

#90457 1

The company that changed the world
England’s East India Company (EIC) was established by a royal charter on one cold New Year’s Eve in 1600. It was established in order to take part in beneficial space trade, the monopoly on which Spain had till 1588. Firstly, the company conducted separate voyages to India. Few years later, in India were built first factories, and since that time Britain begun its ardent activity in the region. The company had a full monopoly for all the trade between Britain and Asia. The greatest impact this company had in Continue reading...

Introduction

Building simulation methods should focus on the effect that occurs between convective heat repulsion between external air circulation and the given wall surfaces. This study will take a closer look on the effects of heat transfer on a brick surface. A tetrahedral mesh will be used to scertain for the effects that are caused on the walls. A brick wall is known for its thermal characteristic of absorbing heat. Therefore, this thermal property will also be studied in this study. Most authors have attributed this norm to behavior of the different correlations that are used to estimate the exact Continue reading...

Globalization of corporations has led to various pros and cons. Multinational corporations have proved beneficial for the economy and the company’s returns. However, there is more than just the economic perspective of globalization of firms. Most firms have been accused of eco-terrorism, child labor and other unethical issues. Most consumers benefit from cheaper products, but they do not understand what goes on in the production process.
The thesis of my essay is to analyze the unethical issues involved in globalization of companies. These issues include child labor, which is one of the most prevalent ethical issues surrounding the Continue reading...

Social change is defined as any socially significant alteration, transformation, or modification in the organization of social activities that are behavioral patterns, cultural patterns and, norms. A significant alteration means any changes that would lead to profound social consequences (Gladwell, 32) Significant social changes include the abolition of slavery, the feminist movement and, the industrial revolution.
Social change bears four main characteristics including; it happens everywhere the rate of change, however, varies in different places. For instance, the United States experiences faster change than third world countries due to their limited access to technology. Social change is often unplanned Continue reading...

Hollywood represents not just a city but an industry flourishing in film making. Before Hollywood acquired the title of being the world entertainment Mecca, real estate development was the city’s backbone industry. In fact, the naming of the town and erection of the Hollywood sign can be traced back to developments in real estate, the city’s original economic mainstay. The Hollywood sign which connoted the city was erected in the year 1923 by Los Angeles Times publisher Harry Chandler at a cost of 21,000 dollars as a billboard for his upcoming Hollywood land real estate development. Continue reading...

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) was adopted by the US Congress in 1977 after the outgrowth of the Watergate Scandal and a series of other situations in the period. The statute was implemented to deter bribery of foreign officials in connection to business deals and activities (Deming 3). The statute uses to principles in carrying out its purpose. The first principle is the general prohibition concerning the payment of foreign officials that applies to U.S. nationals and corporations under the U.S. laws or their main place of business is within the U.S. the principle also governs corporations that Continue reading...

No investor would be willing to put their money into a certain corporation if they realized that the future limitless debts of the corporation could become personal debts for them if the corporation ever ran into a debt crisis. If, on the other hand, an investor knew that the maximum amount he could lose in a certain investment is limited to the amount he invested, he can be more confident in going forward with the investment. This is what the concept of limited liability is all about. Limited liability functions as a protection for investors who invest in corporate Continue reading...

- Introduction
A compound light microscope represents two or more lens. The term compound refers to multiple or mixture. In compound light microscope built with binocular lens and objective lens. The binocular lens present near the eyepiece and objective leans near to nosepiece. The objective lens helps in enlargement of images and also to collect the light source. According to the requirement the objective lens also changes. In advanced compound light microscope the phase contrasts also possible. In earlier 1595 Zacharias Janssen invented the first light microscope using collapsing tubes. It produced a magnification of 9x. Now the magnification Continue reading...

Introduction

Demography is the study of the human population. Ideally, human population is studied in terms of the size, the composition, and the distribution of persons across the specified area of study. The three major demographic elements that are used to determine the composition and causes of different population changes include birth, death, and the migration of people. First, the population of a place may be described in terms of some of the common demographic features such as sex, age, household status and family composition. However, demography can also be described in terms of the social and economic context. That Continue reading...

Chicago Bridge & Iron Co. V. Federal Commission
[United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit, 515 F3d 447 (2008)]
FACTS: The Chicago Bridge and Iron Company and its United States subsidiary, Chicago Bridge and Iron Company (Petitioner) is a company that was engaged in designing, engineering, and constructing industrial storage tanks for liquefied natural gas and other gases. In this market the Petitioner and another company, Pitt-Des Moines, Inc., were the dominant firms. The Petitioner acquired all the assets belonging to Pitt-Des Moines, Inc. in the year 2001 for 84 million dollars. The Respondent preferred charges against the Petitioner alleging Continue reading...

Abstract

Cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis helps to estimate many relevant aspects regarding operating profit. It can be used in cases when the needed amount of the product for sale the future period must be calculated. In the current work such problems as price and quantity management with maintaining the original contribution share. Meanwhile, the most frequently CVP analysis is used for evaluation the break-even point in units and dollars, the amount at which all costs will be covered and net profit will be equal to zero. At the same time, it’s possible to provide the future estimation of new launched Continue reading...

Milestone One:

Introduction
The paper is focused on the difference between developed economies and developing economies. The focus is to look at the gross domestic products (GDP), export rates, and import rates of advanced economies with those from less developed economies. These are compared to see those factors that have resulted in the increasing gap between advanced economies and developing economies. These choices of data are chosen because they are very factual and explain the real world situation. Also, the datasets are useful in giving explanation to the continuous dependence of developing economies on advanced ones.
International trade has continued to Continue reading...

Part I

Answer 1
It is a static budget in since the planner had already set the expenses together with the expected revenues. The fees each student was to pay had already been determined and accounted for. Each student was required to pay, the estimated grants to expect and the expenses that would go to salaries, purchase of equipment and other miscellaneous expenses.

Answer 2

The total revenues for the 120 students less grants was 802,567-(50,000+10,000+5,000+10,000) =727,000. Total revenue per student727,000/120=6058.3333. The total revenue less grants for the 100 students was: 681, Continue reading...

Business

Part One
1. A pure competitive environment is a business environment where similar businesses sell the same product. Electronic City operates in a pure-competition environment. This is because it sells similar products and its only means of earning more profit is by distinguishing the products either by price, quality, promotions and many other options. I tend to say this because according to Phil, Electronic City is among just a handful of national chains selling the same products. A pure competition business environment exhibits cutthroat competition between businesses. According to the article, the environment was competitive on price where the Continue reading...

Fabrics Company has enjoyed a relatively good performance and profit making since its establishment seventy years ago. However, after the leadership change there were a number of improvements in profits and pay but the employees left. Introspection into the reasons as to why this became the situation can point to a number of changes and dissatisfaction on the side of the employees.
The company, at first, was headed by Susan Quinn, who knew all employees by name. This aspect made her liked by the employees. She inspired them through her personal touch on their work by knowing each of Continue reading...

Early European contact in Asia and Africa were mainly due to the efforts of explorers. The European explorers were travelling the sea in order to explore new land. The explorations resulted in the realization new land in the areas of Africa and Asia. The explorers in the process drew maps that could show the world at a glance some claiming recognition for the discovery of some certain parts of the world. Through exploration, the Europeans were in a position to that there exists some certain land and people; this eventually led to the formation of trade relationships as the Continue reading...

Introduction

Trade unions are organizations that represent the working people. The membership of these organizations comprise of employees from different sectors of trade, professions and occupations. The union’s main objective is to represent its members in the working environment and in the general society. The working of the trade union is through collective bargaining as well as through a harmonized rule-making process. The South Africa trade union is the largest in Africa and plays a big role in the labor market and industrial relations in determining policies in the country. There are three prominent trade unions in South Africa Continue reading...

In the United States, health organizations are organized to the promotion of patient care and conducting scientific research. They include both profit and non-profit health organizations. For-profit health organizations, they offer profitable medical services to the community. The notable example is Becker healthcare in United States. The hospitals decide the services they are likely to offer depending the anticipated profits. In the profit health organization system, general hospitals are not compelled to provide a standard range of services. However, most of the profit hospitals specialize in their services. For instance, the method the hospitals adopt and the degree to Continue reading...

Conclusion

Target Corporation is headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in the United States of America. It is of the largest companies, which deal with vending and discounting services. One of the key competitors of the corporation is Walmart. Some of the products that Target retail business offers include electronics, clothing, groceries, and foodstuffs. Because of the spread of the services of this organization, today it is one of the rowing and most liked business for its services. The techniques and practices, which the management of this organization has adopted today, stem from several decades ago. The founders, Dayton brothers, developed these Continue reading...

Heilemann, J. (2002). Machine of Dreams. Vanity Fair, No. 501, pp. 185-188.
The article is an appraisal about the achievements of Dean Kamen. The author begins by looking at the manner in which Kamen revealed his latest invention, which is what the author refers to as the ‘Machine of Dreams’. The article documents the character and the successes that Kamen has achieved over the years.
The major theme of the article is resilience. Throughout the article, the author tries to demonstrate the resilience and achievements of Kamen, a college dropout. This is evidenced by the fact that Kamen took Continue reading...

Marijuana is a psychoactive drug that is mainly used as an illicit drug and for medicinal purposes. It is said to be the most commonly used drug worldwide today. Its legalization has been a topic of contention among many, with both sides giving strong reasons about their stand. Due to its psychoactive effect, the drug has been illegalized in many nations, except for a few who have legalized it for medicinal purposes. The question is should medicinal marijuana be legalized? Yes, medicinal marijuana should be legalized in order to save lives that are being lost, yet something can be Continue reading...