Essays on Commerce

Q 1 The vital duties offered by the board improve the effectiveness of health management. The responsibilities involve; the board articulates, envisions and focus on implementation of the institution’s objectives, operations and vision. The board ensures high levels of performance in the executive organization. It focuses on the performance of the hospital employees. The board also ensures good care of the patients and statures financial committee equally (Biggs, 2004). The board must ensure vital financial duties for the organization’s fiscal health. Problematic issues arise when the board tries to achieve the break-even instead of making a profit. ...

Lessig debate is discussing on copyright. He says, copyright regulation denies majority of the people from accessing information. The law permits only a small portion of the population to access this information. According to him, scientific information on the internet is restricted to professors and university students in a university setting. Lessig says that the accessibility of information should be permitted to all. The right to personal creativity should be protected but when the information is not accessible to people it does not mean a thing. His concern is on science and not music.

Lessig proposes the creation of ...

Businesses around the world focus on the sole aim of profit making and that is why ethical practices are often ignored. Business ethics help in dealing with various moral problems that arise in a business environment. This depends on the choices made between profit-maximization and ethical concerns. Therefore, for effective implementation of the business ethics, it is imperative to apply critical thinking involving reason’s conclusions and process. The case in discussion is based on a business ethical issue which requires Scott Bestor to deal with the case by keeping in mind the various people at stake, including him. ...

The simplest definition of an opportunity cost is a missed opportunity. In life, generally we have to choose between decisions that have more value. Opportunity cost is the gain that would have been derived had an action been taken by someone. It is also very important to note that opportunity cost is measured in monetary terms but time or a finite resource may also be considered.

This concept is applicable in many circumstances or scenarios. In business, many choices and decisions have to be left to get the most valuable and convenient operations or deals. Manufacturing animal feeds is ...

SWOT analysis is one of the critical planning tools. In the global perspective SWOT analysis has the power to make any business more competitive in the market place. It is worth noting that SWOT analysis is a planning tool, which compares the weaknesses and strengths together with the opportunities and threats in order to develop an action plan in the business.

The essence of weaknesses and strengths are mostly based in the internal sector of the business. On the other hand, threats and opportunities are external factors to the business. The SWOT analysis in most cases is used as ...

How I would respond to this type of scenario

Before commencing on any operation, all citizens should be requested to move from the scene if possible for their safety, and also to enhance the quality of investigation by the professionals. Since time is crucial to such a situation, I would try to buy as much of it as possible by initiating communication with the terrorist. As the communication continues, my colleagues should be busy trying to understand the whole scenario. This includes identifying the number of hostages, as well as the number, type and exact positions of the bombs, and assessing the amount of risk. The aim of ...

PepsiCo Company is one of the leading food and beverage companies in the global market. It holds the significant market share in snack and beverage industry worldwide with brands such as Pepsi, Doritos and Tropicana among others. PepsiCo Company will be interesting for the economic analysis because there are both macroeconomic and macroeconomic factors that influence the company value in the global market. The general economic condition of the PepsiCo affects the prices to varying degrees and economic recession has a great impact on the prices of its products that in turn affects the profit. Thus, in the economic ...

Scenario I

According to the business judgment rule the takeover is not hostile. It is legal since the AgroVate’s board has turned down the offer of Bijoux on grounds that the organization was still on good hand to improve its widget finishing division. The business judgment rule supports the idea that the director and the board have made the final decision of turning down Bijoux offer. The business judgment rule states that any informed decision that has been reached by the AgroVate’s board and shall not be overturned by any means not unless it does not support or stands ...

Barbie Dolls and Accessories

Why might Mattel set a much lower contribution margin on its Barbie dolls than on the accessories for the dolls? Contribution margin is the profit per unit of output; it is acquired by subtracting the unit variable cost from the unit cost of the product. Low contribution margin is experienced in products that are labour intensive while high contribution margin is for capital intensive products). In the above case, Barbie dolls have a lower profit as compared to the accessories of the dolls.

There are two ways of increasing a contribution margin: increasing the ...

The book Electronic Commerce, A Managerial Perspective, published in the year 2010 which is a 6th global edition and contributed by Efraim T., King D., Lee J., Liang T.P.,& Turban D., by Pearson is a book that majorly focuses on electronic commerce (e-commerce). All the topics in the book most importantly are dedicated to discussing about –commerce and the e-markets that exist globally. The main focus of this paper will emphasize on the 7th chapter on the book which talks about the innovation of the e-commerce systems and their application in various environments.

The first topic outlined ad debated ...

Question one

K Company has restricted the European based from using the operating system to develop their computer brand. It denied them the right of sharing the copyright and patents of its software. It thus meant that it was the only company in the market trading the computers using that particular operating system. The company’s action violates article 81 and 82 by not a binding to set regulation of the agreement. Article 81 and 82 of the European Community Treaty are agreements that bind the activities or transaction-taking place between two nations. According to article 81, it states that all ...

Introduction

A business plan is defined as a written summary that is used to guide entrepreneurs on how to start and run a business.

A well prepared business plan provides entrepreneurs with a road map for growth and development of their business during different stages of its establishment (Richardson, n. d.). According to Richard (n. d.), there are 5 major components that must be included in a business plan for one to be successful in business:

Executive Summary: This should appear at the first section of the plan and it gives the full history as well as the company’ ...

The talk about ethics became prevalent in a few years of the twenty-first century. Particularly in the last two decades, our society has witnessed some very big corporate scandals. There is a long list including AOL-Time Warner, Enron and Rite-Aid. In Enron’s case, bribery was done, debts were hidden, and the markets for power and energy were manipulated. All these acts were not only illegal but also unethical; the problem become stronger because when a business acts unethically, the related businesses also get engaged in unethical activities. Arthur Anderson acted unethically by shredding the documents of Enron to ...

‘The Psychological Legacy of Slavery’ is the title of Chapter 1. The chapter discusses a type of slavery that is invisible but very powerful. The author Dr. Na’im Akbar explains that slavery lasted three centuries and still affects contemporary African Americans. I agree that for the psychology of people something as traumatic as slavery must leave psychological scars on the group of people who were slaves, even several generations after the legal end of slavery. After the Civil War nothing was done to help the former slaves adjust to their new lives as free men and women. Nothing ...

Globalization refers to the international integration process that arises from interchange of products, world views as well as ideas (Boudreaux, 2008). This element has been extremely significant in the definition of various issues that have arisen. It has been extremely significant in the development of various national policies that have been useful in definition of business among people in the world. One of the main policies that have been developed is Free Trade. This is a policy through which a government allows imports and exports for all countries without tariffs, subsidies as well as quotas. Free trade policy being ...

Introduction

Performance Appraisal is a process of evaluating the performance of employees and their productivity in connection with certain predetermined goals and organizational objectives. Performance appraisal also measures other aspects of each of the employees including their organizational behavior, achievements, potential for improvement, strengths and weaknesses. Though performance appraisals are usually conducted on an annual basis, many companies are adopting the process of making evaluation on a quarterly basis. The objectives of performance assessment include 1) deciding and defining the performance goals, 2) evaluating the performance of the employees, 3) setting target bonus for various levels of performances and 4) ...

Part 1

Information systems are channels through which individuals and institutions collect, process, and distribute data. An information system aims to support a firm’s operations, and aids the management in decision-making. The lifecycle of an information system involves five distinct phases: analysis, design, implementation, testing, and evaluation (O'Brien & Marakas, 2006). Implementing a computerized time entry system at the photography-printing store will involve the five steps. All the work performed at each stage will be documented for proper evaluation.

The analysis stage entails a study of the intended system and its integration with the firm’s objectives (O'Brien & ...

In microeconomics, opportunity cost refers to the value of the best forgone choice, if the choices are mutually exclusive, e.g. one has a choice of watching a football game or going for a walk with girlfriend and decides for the latter, value of watching a football game is the opportunity cost.

Timothy Taylor in his blog article presents the examples of how the same (in terms of dollar value) opportunity cost may be perceived in different ways depending on the context. I believe that this phenomenon relates to marketing and psychology rather than to classical economics. In the case ...

Introduction:

- The major point is that during the early stage of emergence of commercial and imperial activities Britain was not privileged to be amongst the beneficiaries due to the fact that Portuguese doing exemplary good. - Britain was forced to watch as Asia and Portuguese made it through Europe and brought back the desired goods for the wealthy people in the continent. - Portuguese caravels dealt with exotic goods such as silks and spices that got a remarkable sale in Europe making Britain to envy the success. This success is contributed by the fact that the goods got into ...

The major players in the U.S. automotive industry have had to revisit their policies, strategies and manufacturing practices amid challenges resulting from today’s business environment. Traditionally Klier and Rubenstein (2009) noted that the industry players like Ford and General Motors once produced many of the intermediate parts in-house. Today, the situation is strikingly different as the auto-manufacturers import most of the materials needed from foreign counterparts. This paper ...

Refer to the heading; I am a partner in a psychotherapist business, which begun its operations recently and has been able to help a modest number of patients in need of therapy and psychological services. I am hereby inviting you to join us in this business venture with interests in psychotherapy. Psychotherapy is a science and an art that involves studying the nature of consciousness including what may diminish it and what could augment it. The process involves telling the truth, releasing negative emotions, insight awareness, forgiveness and love in order to achieve comprehensive healing in the mind concerned.

It may cross your ...

Globalization in the 1990s was tremendously welcomed in the entire world. It is worth noting that various trade theories were used to elaborate on the benefits of market liberalization and free trade. However, by the end of 20th century, many voices of dissatisfaction began to rise from North America to Asia. This was a clear indication of the changing trends in the global economy, and how globalization was not influencing everyone positively. The current trends in globalization has been profound and brought about by sweeping technological changes, advances of globalization, as well as the emergence of powerful and new ...

Price and cost of goods and services in the market is shaped by the various forces that are within a given market at a particular time. Price and cost analysis is in most cases done by entrepreneurs in the market and governments that are involved in the granting of tender to various firms that are bestowed with the responsibility of the provision of goods and services to the people. There are various factors that affect the reasonability of pricing of various factors.

First of all, the cost of production by various firms determines the final pricing of goods produced ...

Cause of Bacon’s Rebellion

This is the war against the Indian tribe traders and Virginia Government, which was led by Nathaniel Bacon, an immigrant in Virginia. One of the many reasons why the war exploded is that settlers in the western part of Virginia were asking protection from the government against the Indian traders as there were kidnappings and killings that happened during the trading period. Indian tribes were Virginia’s trading partners, who gave an extra income to the government and to Governor Berkeley and his associates themselves.

This was the main reason why the Governor did not want ...

What do you make of a system that locks people up for profit?

Incarceration is a sensitive issue in the criminal justice system of all states, especially in this era when the criminologists are championing for rehabilitation. Still, Louisiana is recognized as the prison capital of the world. The motivation behind this fact is quite obvious – profit. In the year 1990 a federal court ordered Louisiana to do something about the rising prison population – either to employ policies that would ensure decongestion or to build more prisons (Chang, 2012). The latter option appeared more appealing to the unscrupulous leaders that subordinated wider interest to personal gains. In my opinion, it is against ...

Sales and contracts

In the business world, some companies to lease goods from the businesses that have already purchased the goods rather than purchasing themselves. Leasing basically involves the transfer of possession from one owner to the lessee. The rights of a person are different from the rights of a person who have purchased the goods. The lesser of good have the right for the consideration and the good have to be returned at the end of the lessee period.

A merchant is an important person under the uniform commercial code. In article two of the UCC; it is clear that merchants ...

Criminal Law

1. Parol evidence rule refers to the evidence of previous or simultaneous oral rule that written contracts may not be varied, contradicted, or changed by any previous or contemporaneous oral declarations. Parol evidence is admitted when a written contract does not include or contradicts the oral understanding reached by the parties. Under the parole evidence rule, when the court finds that that written contract has represented the final and complete statement of the parties to an agreement, it will no longer allow either party to submit parole evidence (Miller, 2011, p.187).

2. The statute of frauds refers to the ...

1. What is eminent domain, what are the debates concerning the use of it?

Eminent domain or the commons is the legal sanction of land for public use. In recent years, the proliferation of policies in support of public-private partnerships (PPP) ascribing new meaning to investment and private developer role in governance has restated the meaning of subsidies and tax revenues as secondary tier investment in the planning, construction and maintenance of public lands and buildings intended for public use. The support for eminent domain is that governance of public lands is intended to serve the public good as ...

Enron’s Collapse

Enron Corporation was one of the world’s top electricity corporations that underwent a financial indignity, which involved Enron and its bookkeeping company. The scandal comprised of the detection of unbalanced accounting techniques, which occurred through the 1990s. This resulted in Enron filing for insolvency in December of 2001 (Thomas, 2002).

According to this example, Enron, it is difficult, if not impossible for the decision-making process within a large corporation can overcome this fact of human selfishness. This is because this drive is naturally in people, and many choose this to be their drive. It is almost impossible to ...

Discuss the measures that a government can take to improve the balance of trade in the short- term

A depreciation in the value of currency exchange of a country should help boost oversees’ demand for U.S. exports because American firms will be able to supply more cheaply internationally (Keeler, 2007). A country can devalue its currency by a large margin in one or two installments in quick successions so that foreigners can find goods and services of a country cheaper to buy and boost exports rapidly.

Another method that a government can use to improve balance of trade over the short term is to reduce demand in the economy thereby reducing consumer spending in the economy. The ...

Business

Global Protection Practices Global protection practices vary from each country. Every country has its own reason why it has to implement practices that will protect their local traders, goods, or even jobs. Policies and practices, which governments implement, will also ensure their control over local and international trades, which are being imported and exported by their country.

EU (European Union)

European Union is using one of the common tools in protecting and controlling their trades. EU uses the Tariff on their imported goods. As an advantage, tariff will raise the imported price giving more opportunities for domestic producers to sell goods on ...

Question 1

Jurisdiction is a term used to define the powers of a court. Personal jurisdiction refers to the power of a given court to give judgments against a particular defendant while subject-matter jurisdiction refers to the power of a court to hear and make judgments on a particular type of case (Chao and Christine, 9). Parties to a contract have considerable freedom in formulating terms of a contract. This includes resolution of disputes arising from the contract. Minimum contract law can be used to determine if a court in one state has personal jurisdiction over a defendant from ...

Let me start by briefly stating what the case is all about. In the case, Hussein, an owner of an apparently very attractive car, has been offered 4000 USD by Interjeet in exchange of his car. In other words, Interjeet wanted to buy Hussein’s car. Considering the average prices of automotive vehicles today, it would seem that 4000 USD is a steeply low price. As expected, Hussein did not give any word about Interjeet’s offer and has kept himself mum. He thought and felt that his car is worth more than what Interjeet has offered. Hussein did ...

An organization’s financial structure is the mix of debt and capital employed by the management for purposes of financing its activities. In the healthcare sector, there are three main categories of organizations that provide health services. These categories are for profit, not-for-profit and government organizations. The categorization is based on organizational ownership and motive. Each type of organization has its own unique financial structure which is attributable to the financial environment it operates in. This paper examines three specific organizations, one in each category, and describes the financial structure, practices and policies unique to the category.

For-profit organizations ...

Question One

Diller’s corporate strategy constitutes related businesses offering different services that range from financial services to matchmaking services. His businesses are related on most dimensions even if they provide different services. He is driven by the vision to grow, and since his business offer different services he has to acquire new knowledge and concepts to manage the multiproduct corporation. The strategy reduces costs, and hence a competitive advantage increasing the revenue generated.

Question Two

Inter Active Corporation (IAC)’s level diversification entails several related business engaging in offering different services ranging from financial to match making services. The IAC level of ...

- It takes 1,000 hours of labor to complete one batch of sandals - Production reaches a cost effective level of 283.83 hours per batch, this highlights the fact that the greater the number of units produced, the lower the overall production cost becomes I used the excel spreadsheet module in POM for windows to calculate all the data for this particular product. I extended the production timeline by another four months to determine projected levels of revenue and profitability. Using this tool is highly credible since the accuracy of the method, as reflected ...

8)Using Marxist categories, fully explain the problem of the transformation of values into prices of production, mention the role of capitalist competition and the organic composition of capital in explaining the deviation of values from prices of production.

Marxist theory of transformation of values into prices of production is generally the view that labor is the inherent amount of value. Marx explains that a determination of prices by quantitative methods compatibly fits with the theory of labor considered as imminent amount or measure of value. This is a factual view that it is about the nature of exchange ...

Why should the Service Improvement Team be headed up by top management? Is this necessary for the effort to succeed? Give two examples. The Service Improvement Team is responsible for ensuring that quality is at its highest in delivering customer service. The team needs a top management and its necessity is drawn upon the manager’s capability to continually check and make adjustments to the way service is being delivered. In addition, the manager is endowed with the responsibility to make sure that the team is giving the public what it deserves both effectively and efficiently.

For example, the ...

The cost which the organization incurs the production and acquisition of products and services which it intends to sell is very important. The pricing strategy of the organization is significantly affected by costs. Therefore, costs designed to tackle the challenges of the economic and the noneconomic factors very efficiently. The objective of the costing models is to categorize the factors of the marketing objectives of the company and the mission of the company (Gitman, 2003).

Accurately determination of cost is important in organization to remain profitable. Costing does not only require including direct and indirect cost associated with business ...

Deborah Root’s excerpt, Conquest, Appropriation, and Cultural Difference, and Olive Senior’s Mediation on Yellow poem present the same message about the plight of native nations in Canada. Canada, formerly a British colony, is home to many native nations that have over the years been conquered, displaced, and suffered in the hands of immigrants who came into the country. Despite the feudal past that characterizes the history of these tribes, it is apparent from both the poem and the excerpt that native nations of Canada continue to be discriminated against and being taken advantage of. Both Root’s ...

Thesis statement

Capitalism is an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production, with the goal of making a profit.1 This is a quote and will be used in the introduction. Source : Capitalism Oxford Dictionaries. Retrieved 4 January 2013.

- John Maynard Keynes believes that capitalism is essential for freedom to survive and thrive. This is a paraphrase and will be used in I.2 Source: Capitalism. Wikipedia (Accessed May 13, 2013). - Capitalism is a social system based on the recognition of individual rights, including property rights, in which all property is privately owned.3This is a ...

Introduction

Owing to the increasing number of globalized operations among many international organizations, the extrinsic (external or environmental) factors have largely the key drivers of their success. For an organization to cope with and operate effectively in a global business environment, a comprehensive analysis of the environmental factors affecting its operations such as economic and trade practices; political and legal systems; ethics and social responsibility; demographics and physical infrastructure; and technology. Ideally, this paper presents a critical analysis of environmental factors affecting McDonald’s Corporation.

McDonald’s Corporation is the world’s largest retail chain of fast food restaurants ( ...

Tax ramifications refer to the tax consequences of an action. It is the impact of tax on undertaking certain transactions or in a business situation. Business nexus refers to the amount and degree of operations a business carries out before the state imposes a tax on the amount of income it receives. Once the criterion has been established, the owner of the business is responsible for collecting and remitting the amount of tax to the relevant tax authority in the relevant country. Therefore, business nexus tax ramification is the tax consequences of the actions or activities undertaken by business ...

There are several ways through which the revolution of the 18th century challenged the traditional ideas on politics and society. The three most significant of them include the new scientific approaches of doing things for instance the earth being the center of the universe was replaced by what is referred to as heliocentric. There was the replacement of the eminent Aristotle idea of heavy bodies by their nature automatically moved down toward their place of origin, in addition the force of inertia did replace the medieval impetus theory. Related to the above after the 18th century revolution there was ...

D – I am an avid member of a group tasked to design a feasible start up business challenge within the budget of $250,000 for the first year. Our group agreed unanimously on 4 March 2013 that we launch a company called ‘Serve a Mate – SAM.’ The company specializes in selling fast food and beverages, and specifically targets to serve workers in the following industries; manufacturing, building and construction, transport & logistics, festival and events. After holding a debate during long hours of brainstorming, we agreed on the logistics of how the business would be operated. We settled to have ...

Abstract

The marketing mix can be defined as a tool used by marketing professionals in marketing. Marketing mix is very important in determining the brand offering or a product itself. It is commonly referred by many professions as four Ps. These Ps stands for product, price, place and promotion. Recently further studies have improved thus theory and expanded it. Seven Ps or eight Ps are the recent expansion of the theory. This term marketing mix was written in an article by Neil Borden. The article was called the concept of the marketing mix. Borden learnt this great concept from his ...

Social entrepreneurship is where a business aims to achieve a certain social goal other than that of making a profit. Social entrepreneurs are usually concerned about making a positive impact on the society other than their objective of making a profit. For instance in the video entitled “Tom’s shoes”, Blake Mycoskie focuses on improving the lives of the children in Argentina. He observed that most of the children in Argentina were walking bare footed and made it his priority to change this situation.He was keen on making a profit on his sale of Tom’s shoes but also ...

Introduction

Franchise has been defined as the permitted right to a group of people or a person to promote the goods and/or services of a given company or organization. This permitted right is issued within certain geographical area. Currently, some of the well known franchises include the domino’s pizza and UPS store.

There is a necessity to understand the way franchising operates, the amount is involved and the expectations of the company from you. Thereafter, one is free to buy a franchise system. As a franchisee, there are some rules and regulations that are expected of you to follow. ...

The consequences for granting exemptions to U.S. federal labour laws to garment subcontractors operating on Saipan was that they could pay the workers a fraction of the minimum wage, work them harder in poor conditions and for longer hours. Following suicides at Apple’s main supplier in China, in 2010 Foxconn has been reported for labour law abuses such as child labour, forced overtime and unsafe working condition and violations of minimum wage laws, when in actual fact Apple’s profit has reached an amazing $13 Billion. This contrasting with Apple’s image as a forward thinking innovative company ...

Summary: This memo report intends to inform you on important updates about the printing and publication industry in India and how it connects to your business. It will cover important aspects of your business such as competition, recent activities, growth projections of the industry, legislation affecting the industry among other important points.

Introduction

The printing and publication industry in India is expected to grow at a high and increasing rate. The high demand for printing services in India is attributed to; the bigger knowledge of English language, increase in the level of literacy, the aged anxiety for knowledge ...

ECO/365

In this paper, the student discusses the different market structures with focus on the oligopoly market. The student identified he food processing industry as an oligopoly industry dominated by PepsiCo, Kraft Foods, and Nestle. Moreover, competitive strategies are presented for the maximization of profits in the long run as well as the strategies that the chosen organization (PepsiCo) might consider in maximizing profits.

I chose the food processing industry for the purpose of discussion in this paper. There are three world leading companies under this industry namely, PepsiCo, Nestle and Kraft Foods. It is stated in the book ...

- Chain stores Corporate chains, voluntary chains, retail cooperatives, advantages over independents, large quantity purchases, ability to specialize individuals for pricing, promotion

- Franchises Description of unique product or services (fitness center or hotel), foot hold within their markets

In a chain business we have the main company which is the parent company. This parent company owns all the other businesses in whatever location that they are. In a franchise situation we have same name same product but the businesses are individually operated unlike in chain businesses. Management in a franchise is handled separately in each location whereas in ...

1. What is YOUR first ( earliest or youngest) memory? Please describe it in as much detail as YOU reasonably can. About 200 words or more.

My earliest memory is with my father, when I was probably three years old. I remember vividly that I was in my parent’s room, lying down on the bed with my father. He was teaching me to sing “Twinkle Twinkle Little Star”. He would sing one line and I would repeat it until we finished the whole song. He repeatedly sang with me until I was able to sing it alone. After teaching ...

The first harmful crimes are the extortion and robbery. In extortion, the defendant takes property from victim through force and threats. Robberies alter from extortion since the property taken against the victim consents and will, while in the extortion victims are unwillingly to submit their property or money. The nature of the threat for robberies distinguish with that of extortion is by limitation of the immediate physical harm to the victim while extortion, on the other hand, includes great range of threats. In robbery, these threats put the victim in fear of what about to happen unlike the extortion. ...

Discussion 5

ISSUE: Whether or not the civil court is in the best legal remedy that will enable the court to help the investors to recover the compensation for the investors

RULE: In order to recover compensation for investor for corporate misconduct performed by the officers, the SEC can file civil cases before civil courts to force settlements that bring financial punishment together with corrective action (Briggs, 2011, p. 103).

ANALYSIS: It will be easier to recover compensation for investors if the case is filed before the civil court because the plaintiffs shall only be required to prove preponderance ...

The neoclassical theory of the firm explains that firms are run entirely for the profit motive of its owners. This has been a widely held theory for many years, with the knowledge that all businesses are purely profit maximizing entities, whose intention is to make profit regardless of the circumstances, actions or omissions.

The profit motive assumption postulates that all actors in the business enterprise are driven by the need to increase their earnings from the business profits. The management wants to earn large pay and bonuses whereas the shareholders want to increase their value for their stocks.

Adam ...

Abstract

The competitive nature of firms and their environment is important in establishing whether a market is a monopoly, a perfectly competitive, oligopoly or monopolistic competition. The antitrust laws are composed of four Acts of legislations that contribute towards the law. Antitrust laws focus on ensuring fair, transparent and competitive trade activities in all industries or markets. Industrial and social regulations are usually conducted by legally established bodies. The regulation is done according the kind of market structure. This is because different market structures have different characteristics. Therefore, the regulation must be tailored to suit the specific market problems. The ...

A manager is an individual with the capability of uniting subjects in order to accomplish desired goals and objectives using the available resources effectively and efficiently (Fayol, 2008). Managers are normally challenged to lead their firm’s teams and department in an effort to define the roles and responsibility of the workers. The acronym POLC refers to a summary of the four basic functions of managers which include planning, organizing, leading and corporation (Justin Tan & Litsschert, 2006). However, these functions can be applied to a level of management hierarchy. Therefore, there are three levels of management, which include top ...

Microsoft Corporation. (1992). Getting started with Microsoft Windows: For the Microsoft Windows operating system: Microsoft Windows version 3.1. S.l.: Microsoft Corporation.

Microsoft version 3.1 was released in April 1992. It was an improvement of the Windows 3.0 that had been released previously. The OS was also compatible with all other Microsoft operating systems that had been released before. In addition, it allowed for desktop publishing as well as allowing 32-bit disks. It also had multimedia capabilities that included video and audio file support. It required a minimum of an Intel 80286 processor and 1MB of RAM to run.

Flynn, ...

Three Certainties are Essential to Justify the Validity of an Express Trust. However, Surrounding case law has detrimentally affected their Efficacy.'

Introduction

Regarding to law, it is said that trust gives one of the strongest obligations on the trustee and therefore as an impact, no one should take the responsibilities of trust lightly. According to the la of equity, there is a requirement that the three involved formalities and certainties must be completed before the constitution of an express trust. The three certainties in trust could be well described as a set of conditions which exemplify the trust if fulfilled. ...