Essays on Terrorist

Terrorist Activities are not just a menace to the American nation, but also to the rest of the world, including the areas that terrorist training goes on in the Arab world. Terrorist associations are faced with various situations and challenges such as the increase in anti-terrorist security, which compels them to dynamically change their structures, for purposes of coordinating their activities and communication. Therefore, there are instances when terrorist groups use of the hierarchy mode of operations whereby instructions are dispatched from a central headquarters, and there is a time when terrorist associations employ the leaderless model of operations, Continue reading...

Abstract

Terrorist attacks have become a major problem to states as terrorist insurgents have taken advantage of government weaknesses to cause destruction and take the lives of many innocent people. This is not to say that they are invincible. They too, have vulnerabilities within their organizations which, if exploited, can help destroy terrorists for good. Through research and aid of various resources, I have studied and compiled six of these vulnerabilities that can be exploited by the counterterrorism units.

INTRODUCTION

Even the super powers have suffered the impact of terrorist attacks on their territories. This is the use of violent Continue reading...

Introduction

The word terrorism does not have a universally accepted definition. The term has however been defined by a number of international instruments over time to denote the use of force, violence and intimidation to achieve political goals. Applied in the context, therefore, this definition will denote the use of armed violence by a terrorist group with the aim of intimidating a government and also to destabilize it. Terrorists use violence all over the world for their religious or political gains and in most of the times, such violence leaves scores of people dead and others injured.
The U.S Code Continue reading...

Terrorism

Since the September 11 attacks in 2001, the future complexion and definition of terrorism has become quite ambiguous for the public. In its early incarnations, terrorism was associated with the spread of fear for the sake of ideology without the mass genocide included. However, as the years progressed with the onset of various ideologies and changed political affiliations, some no longer know if the ongoing violence classified as terrorism is still ‘terrorism’ or just a plain warfare. This ambiguity has subsequently influenced how governments, such as the United States, in organizing their counter-terrorism strategies and now directed such strategies Continue reading...

Introduction

Terrorism poses a major problem for homeland security. Therefore, the Department of Homeland Security has instituted a number of measures in an effort to try to keep Americans safe from the dangers of terrorist attacks. There are a number of Muslim extremist groups whose name you may have heard on the news in the years following 9/11 and even today. These include Hamas, Hezbollah and more. These extreme Islamic terrorist groups are often responsible for a number of terrorist style attacks one the United States and its allies. Throughout this paper I will do a comparative study of some Continue reading...

The September 9/11 terrorist attacks exposed the United States’ vulnerability to terrorist attacks. It exposed various loopholes within the national security system that terrorists could exploit to commit atrocious acts that would greatly harm the country (Enders & Sandler, 2005). More than 3000 people died in this terrorist attack, and an even greater number suffered severe injuries. The attacks showed the need for a review of the nation’s security structures and systems and the importance of emergency and disaster preparedness. Even more important, the attacks revealed the need for combined efforts when it came to the prevention and response Continue reading...

Terrorism has become a bone of contention in many country over the recent years. Different governments have channelled a reasonable amount of their fiscal budgets to combat any incidences of Terrorism within their territories. Over the years scholars and law makers have come to define terrorism as any action that is persuaded by an individual with the aim of causing damage or hurting another country. Clearly, terrorism is a breach to peace, commerce and most of all human lives. This is the reason as to why governments have heightened both their domestic and international security so as to protect Continue reading...

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1.How do economists define rationality?  Why, according to Mancur Olson, is it inadequate in explaining collective behavior?  Extending this logic, explain why economic rationale cannot explain terrorism?  How can we theoretically understand the motivations of a terrorist?  In this context, explain the concept of “Janus’ Children.”
Economists such as Karl Popper place the principle of rationality on a situational analysis. According to this concept, a rational person would first analyze his or her situation and social surroundings before selecting a course of action that is reasonable and appropriate. While psychologists seek Continue reading...

Introduction

Terrorism refers to the systematic use of violence to cause terror among civilians with the purpose of asserting demands and forcing the government to give in to those demands. Individuals involved in terror activity are called terrorists. Terrorists execute terror actions by different means such as bombing, hijacking, kidnapping, and assassination. Based on execution style, terrorism has been classified into different types including state terrorism, bioterrorism, Eco terrorism, cyber terrorism, nuclear terrorism, anarchist terrorism, religious terrorism, nationalist terrorism and narcoterrorism. All of these types of terrorism are perpetrated using some specific methods of violence to convey a message. Terrorist Continue reading...

- Introduction to the Issue
The Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (TRIA) was established for the primary purpose of ensuring “the continued financial capacity of insurers to provide coverage for risks from terrorism” . The Act was originally passed on January 23, 2002 after the destructive effects of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack on the Twin Towers. The gigantic losses sustained by the US economy necessitated urgent measures to mitigate terrorism risks and to spread the potential losses in future events of similar nature. The TRIA, which had stipulated initial termination date of December 31, 2005 was extended initially for Continue reading...

Introduction

Terrorist attacks and their live coverage impact the psychology of people in a serious manner. It is extremely horrific to watch terrorist attacks on television but reading them in newspapers also makes parallel effects on the psyche of people. A lot has been discussed on this issue, and there is a difference of opinion among different sections of the society. Some people say that media is just doing its job while others say that portrayal of terrorist attacks should be regulated, and media should avoid portraying ghastly things. It has been observed in a number of cases that portrayal Continue reading...

The role and responsibilities of the local police

Abstract
Terrorism is a growing threat faced by several nations today. The response to terrorism had radically changed throughout the world subsequent to the 9/11 attacks and the role of the local police in combating terrorism was fiercely emphasized. The local police, while understanding and accepting the challenge have drawbacks in their counter terrorist efforts. Terrorist outfits and organizations are generally small and are secretive in their working, which makes it difficult for the law enforcement agencies to track them down. The modus operandi of the terrorists is to seek innovative and less suspecting ways of attacks that at Continue reading...

Evolutions in Terrorism need Evolutions in Approach

Introduction
Terrorism being a highly volatile phenomenon with constantly changing facets, has been a challenge to scholars to define. While the term was once associated with honour and the struggle for freedom, it is today viewed in an extremely negative light. Violence has always been the predominant characteristic of an act of terrorism, however, terrorism today has moved on to non-violent realms in the form of cyber attacks, which are, never the less, harmful to the economy. Terrorists are generally viewed as psychopaths and lunatics who are driven by personal agenda, resorting to violence against innocents in order to Continue reading...

Terrorism is a scourge of the modern world. It is a highly organized and systematic form of crime, directed towards clear cut goal of harming a particular set of people, community, or country. Terrorists act at international levels and their activities are aimed to harm many at a time. Terrorist activities are aimed at spreading terror, extortion and ransom, mass murder etc. Many times, these activities are born off a twisted mind that harbors wrongly placed ideas of righteousness. Some terrorists call themselves revolutionary, claiming to liberate their social, cultural or ethical ideas. They are highly convinced that their Continue reading...

Introduction

Terrorism refers to the systematic use of violence to cause terror among civilians with the purpose of asserting demands and forcing the government to give in to those demands. Individuals involved in terror activity are called terrorists. The history of terrorism dates back to the French Revolution when words like 'terror', 'terrorist' and 'terrorism' were incorporated in the modern lexicon. However, in those days the acts of terror were executed by those in power, mostly through the man killing means of guillotine and not bombs. In the mid-19th century in the Unites States, the word 'terrorism' began to be Continue reading...

Introduction

This study seeks to provide concise yet comprehensive information on the value of diplomacy in combating terrorism, which is an issue of grave concern to the international community. Diplomacy, in the context of terrorism, posits invaluable virtues for resolving matters between conflicting parties in international relations. The organization of human beings within communities – a phenomenon that traces back to early history, has rendered the use of diplomatic skills and reasoning, given varying community interests that tend to conflict with one another. It is notable to consider that engaging in warfare has become the predominant method for dealing with international Continue reading...

Introduction

Proper definition of the word “terrorism” is very vital to understand the topic under study. Terrorism has very wide definition due to its long history and differences in view by people. The definition of terrorism presented in AR 535-13 is mostly used for all Department of Army that are involved in counterterrorism activities. The terrorism is defined as "the calculated use of violence or threat of violence to attain goals that are political, religious or ideological in nature. This is done through intimidation, coercion, or instilling fear. It also involves a criminal act that is often symbolic and intended Continue reading...

Counterterrorism incorporates the techniques, tactics, practices, and strategies adopted by governments, police departments, militaries, and corporations to attack terrorist acts and threats both real and implied. Most measures taken to counter terrorism tend to pay more attention to the insurgency rather than the acts of terror themselves. The term Foreign Internal Defense or (FID) is used in reference to programs meant to either to contain insurgency, or lessen the conditions which could promote the development of insurgency. Counter-terrorism includes the detection of possible acts of terrorism and the response or reaction to events related to terrorism.

US Strategy on Counterterrorism

Most of the Continue reading...

Introduction

The inter linkages of the international finance systems cannot be denied nor overemphasized. A movement in one major stock market signals either a threat or an opportunity in another stock market. For instance, a boom in the New York Stock Exchange will also signify the upbeat in the other foreign stock markets such as in Asian and Latin American markets. Conversely, the fall of the U.S. housing markets led to the credit crunch felt by most financial centers in the U.S., Great Britain, and other European markets. Hence, any threat to the global financial market may mean a single Continue reading...

Introduction

Abdallah Azzam Brigade, also known as AAB is an Islamist terrorist outfit. This terrorist group is said to have a connection with terrorist group al Qaeda and several other terrorist groups operating from different parts of the world. AAB is said to start its terrorist operations from the year 2009. This terrorist group became terribly infamous in the year 2010 when it attacked M/VM Star, a Japanese oil tanker in the Hormuz strait. This terrorist group keeps trying to hamper the interests of western countries in the region of Middle East and at other places, wherever it can. This Continue reading...

This chapter presents a detailed review of various literature materials from independent sources that provide information about the effort by the department of homeland security to deter domestic terrorism. As earlier mentioned in the first chapter domestic violence entails carrying out criminal activities within the homeland while getting inspiration from extremist movements and ideologies based within the US. Such activities have lead to the killing of innocent American citizens and destruction of property around the country. In most cases, prosecution of these criminal activities is not done under terrorism laws despite their nature of being considered terrorist activities. Even though not officially listed, there are domestic terrorist organizations that have been delineated by the department of homeland security for carryout terrorist threats. Continue reading...

Not long ago many headlines on terrorism appeared in newspapers all over the world. The event happened on the 11th of September, 2001 made countries to pay more attention to this issue. In 2001 President Bush declared that a “war (that) would not end until every terrorist group of global reach has been found, stopped, and defeated.” Still, no one knows whether this campaign will be successful or not (Rapoport, 2006). One of those things that people can do to decrease the terrorism is to learn history, as the terrorism is not new in the 21th century. The history Continue reading...

Abstract

The project deals with the relationship between Homeland Security, transportation, and logistics management. The nature of the interconnection between the Department of Homeland Security, public transportation, and logistics is the focal point of the research. Measures elaborated by the state department for the protection of transport, passengers and hazardous goods delivery are scrutinized based on the data retrieved from governmental reports, programs and articles.
Keywords: homeland security, transportation, logistics management, terrorist, attack
The USA is a reputed peacemaker that stands up for peace and equality throughout the world. Valiant though these efforts are, they come up against a serious Continue reading...

Terrorism

It is a common saying in many news media across the world, “war on terrorism”, but has anyone ever tried to figure out the root cause of terrorism. In our world today, many governments are facing terrorists groups like Al-Qaeda, Al-Shabab and the likes, making their administrations difficult (Assaf 98). An excellent example is the Bush administration that waged war on terrorism after the 9/11 attack on U.S.A (Assaf 78). Terrorism history can be traced back to a time in ancient Greece. Since then, a lot of terrorist acts have taken place throughout history (Chaliand & Arnaud 54). It is Continue reading...

On July 7th 2005 a series of terrorist attacks on board public transit vehicles shocked Great Britain and the world. All together around seven hundred persons were injured and, including the bombers themselves, fifty-six people died. Like 9/11 in the United States, the date is sometimes simply referred to as 7/7. The attacks started at 8:50 am when three bombs were detonated within a minute of each other on board London Underground trains. The first was Circle Line sub-surface train number 204 eastbound between Aldgate and Liverpool Street. The second went off in Circle Line sub-transit train number 216 Continue reading...

Abstract

The project deals with changes in the federal law enforcement since 9/11 attacks. The opening paragraphs induct into the political microclimate of the early 2000s and the rationales behind the 2001 terrorist attacks. Further sections give insight into improvements and changes made by the Department of Justice, one of principal law enforcement agencies, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, its subordinate agency, and police. The paper reflects the opinion of prominent security experts, accomplished writers, and governmental officials.
Keywords: security, counterterrorism, attack, law, enforcement, bureau, police, justice
Being a big geopolitical player that it is, the USA has its economic Continue reading...

English

How September 11, 2001 changed America
Thesis Statement: The 9/11 terrorist attack became the catalyst that strengthened the U.S. as a nation by focusing the goal of using technology to make America a safer place for its people.
In September 21, 2001, America was in shock when two airplanes struck Twin Towers in New York City and also attacked the Pentagon in Washington D.C. in the morning of that fateful day. The deadly blows that hit the Twin Tower caused the 110-storey buildings to collapse as people watched in horror how some of the people inside the buildings try Continue reading...

Analysis on terrorism

Introduction
There have been several views on terrorism. However, research on terrorism differs from the standard social science research. As one is dealing with underground organizations, often there is little or incomplete data. Terrorism is like a war in the shadows that creates massive publicity. For the majority of researchers, it can be dangerous to do investigative research in danger zones, and therefore, majority of the research is carried out on the basis of reports released by the government and media news stories. Research on terrorism has more often been criticized as it is believed that most of the Continue reading...

According to CIA, “terrorism is a “premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents” (cia.gov, 2014). Nevertheless this definition is not complete and requires significant adjustments. Martha Crenshaw in her article “Theories of terrorism: Instrumental and organizational approaches” tries to conceptualize terrorism before making any recommendations on how to combat it. According to Crenshaw, the act of terrorism is a deliberate choice by political actor (Crenshaw 1987, p. 13). In the first case terrorism is an attempt to achieve collective values of the group under the influence of external pressure, particularly under the Continue reading...

Argumentative Essay: Terrorist Vis-à-vis Freedom Fighter

Introduction
The looming threat of terrorism has triggered the emergence of the labels “terrorist” and “freedom fighter”. Both commonly refer to the same person – the attacker involved in any activity subject to subjective definitions leading to labels of either terrorism or revolution. Yet, the divide between the two terms revealed difficulties in defining who terrorists are and those are that fit the label of being a freedom fighter. A deconstruction of the two labels herein will attempt to clarify their definitions.

Is A Person A Terrorist or Freedom Fighter?

Defining whether a person is a terrorist or Continue reading...

Iran is a country of geographical and political importance as it is located in Middle East and central Eurasia. It is the eighteenth largest country in the world. Iran holds a powerful position in its region and also the world economy due to its petroleum and natural gas resources. It has the second largest natural gas reserves and fourth largest petroleum reserves in the world (CIA).
The current constitution of Iran came into being in 1979 and has been enforced since then. The highest authority in the country is the Supreme Leader followed by the President. Currently the Supreme Continue reading...

Abstract

There is an increased case of terrorist activities in the world in the past decades. The results of such attacks have been tremendous as the case in America 2001, and Kenya 1998 both of which targeted American citizens. Due to this, there is an increase in the war against terror in the world. There are laws in different countries aimed at deterring the occurrence of the terrorist activities, but this does not seem to work. It thus led to strict actions that have been criticized strongly by human rights bodies as amnesty international, human rights watch, among others. This Continue reading...

The evolution of terrorism over the past decades has seen the emergence of several types of terrorism and terrorist groups. Some of the world known terrorist groups including the Hezbollah, Hamas, and al-Qaeda have successfully managed to carry out several terrorist acts. As a result, it is necessary that the counterterrorism strategies place evolve concurrently in order to effectively combat these terrorist groups. In light of this, it is important that the counterterrorism strategies implement be specific to terrorist groups as ascertained by the motives driving the various groups into such activities. Different strategies are, therefore, need to combat Continue reading...

Political Science

An in Depth view of the Department of Homeland Security
History of the Department of Homeland Security
The Department of Homeland Security was brought about by the tragedy of the September 21 terrorist attack of the Al-Qaeda group. It was during this time the two airplanes purposely targeted to cause destruction of the Twin Towers in New York City and the Pentagon in Washington D.C. This event was regarded as the worst act of terrorism in America after the loss of 3,000 innocent lives. It was during this difficult time that the world grieved for America and together Continue reading...

The problem that the United States is facing when it comes to terrorism is complex. However, one of the key issues concerning the United States is the fact that al-Qaeda, its primary terrorism concern, is an enemy unlike others the United States has faced in the past. The United States has always gone to war with nations, or with recognizable groups; however, today, the United States is not at war with al-Qaeda; at least, it is not solely at war with al-Qaeda, although it is fighting al-Qaeda in a variety of different ways.
After the September 11th, 2001 attacks Continue reading...

Introduction

It has been more than a century that the United States of America is challenged with the persistent threat of domestic terrorism, also called homegrown terrorism. The mentioned form of terrorism can be defined as “the unlawful use, or threatened use, of violence by a group or individual based and operating entirely within the United States (or its territories) without foreign direction” (Bennett, 2007). Domestic terrorism is said to be an offensive activity that is meant to harm a person or property in order to terrorize or pressurize a government or its inhabitants so that social or political goals Continue reading...

Introduction

Chapter 1 of Bombshell: Women and Terrorism by Mia Bloom, entitled “A Brief History of Terror and the Logic of Oppression,” served as an introduction to terrorism as a phenomena per se and the participation of women as terrorists (9-34). Apart from explaining the evolution of terrorism through its four waves – anarchist, anti-colonial, New Left and religious, Chapter 1 provided concise yet informative information on the engagement of women in terrorist activities (9-34). As argued by Bloom (9-34), it has been highly unusual for women to get themselves involved in terrorism, given that they have a traditional profile characterized Continue reading...

The 9/11 terrorist attacks in New York in 2001 had ramifications that reverberated across the United States. The government structure of United States was not left untouched as a result of the attacks that sent shocking waves to millions of American within and without America. Because of the humongous effect the attack had on the image of the United States, it was common knowledge that restructuring the internal security system of the country was a priority and that preemptive actions would be taken to avoid such an attack to happen again. Given the urgency of the need to improve Continue reading...

Abstract

The Hizballah organization was formed in 1982 in reaction to the apparent disenfranchisement of the Shiite Community in Lebanon. It has since grown into a national political organization with an international following. In addition, the organization has plummeted and extended into activities outside its initial intentions. These include terrorist activities which target United States of America, Israel and their allies. Interestingly, no consensus exists at the international level on how to treat Hizballah. While United States of America has since declared the organization a foreign terrorist organization in consonance with their laws, Europe Union omitted Hizballah from its list Continue reading...

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Introduction

The prominence of the negative reputation of Muslims in media serves as a compelling topic for discussion in the realm of social construction. Because the media enables people to reach the latest information relevant to their lives, it is just natural for it to deliver news in manners that could change the thoughts of those who would hear, see or read it. In other words, it is possible for the media to influence the people to view one topic in a particular manner through the way it reports the news. It is in Continue reading...