Essays on Interests

Type of Action

The case is a review by the United States Court of Appeals on an inferior court’s ruling providing for the apparent denial of partial summary judgment and the dismissal on summary judgment requested by the appellant.

Facts of the case

Daniels, a police officer in Arlington used to work in the plain clothes department. Daniels used to wear a gold cross pin as a symbol of his evangelical Christianity. He was transferred to a uniformed division that did not require him to wear a gold cross pin. Arlington Police Department General Order 205 required any officer seeking to wear a pin to

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According to Bellah, justice can be defined a total of three times. For starters, it is the meaning of education. Justice is educative in nature. Justice is responsible for the education of people for the common good of everybody. For example, when justice is ordained, people are educated on the benefits that it has altogether. Once these people are educated, then the education will then help in civilizing the entire world.
Bellah in his studies continues to state that, justice is also the formation of the common good. This means that it is responsible for forming something good. Whenever

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Introduction

The terms leisure and recreation mean different things to different people from different social backgrounds. Therefore, it is not easy to come up with a universal definition that is acceptable to all people. As a result, the best means to look at leisure and recreation is through the different conceptions that express different perspectives of the two terms. Nevertheless, it would not be wrong to say that leisure and recreation occupy a crucial point in every society, at least in almost all the cultures in the world. For the young children, leisure can be conceptualized as play, while, for

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Ethics of care is referred as a normative ethical theory which aims at defining whether an action or deed is right or wrong. This normative ethical theory was researched and developed by feminists during the second half of the 20th century. Moreover, it is always centered on individuals’ interdependence implying that some communities as well as people are more vulnerable and defenseless than others (Held 9). Ethics of care theory argues that there is a moral significance on the fundamental elements of dependencies and relationships in human life. These elements may include attentiveness, responsibility, competence and responsiveness. Therefore, the

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Terry Cooper in, “the Context of Administrative Ethics,” and Gary Owen in, “Beyond Self Interest,” both offer illuminating views on issues that affect the current public administration. While the two authors talk about essentially varying aspects of administration, the nexus in their articles is that they both relate to matters affecting public administration in general and in particular public administrators. This paper shall reflect on the same and equally give its position on the issues brought forth. However, from the onset, it is imperative to appreciate the fact that both authors advocate for best practice in administration for the

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Chapter 3

‘Instructors’ Name’
Many social and political scientists have used scientific tools for understanding public behavior. Garry .R. Orren in his article ‘Beyond Self Interest’ delineates how most of these theories propose that social patterns are mostly formed based on an individual’s self interest. In other words they say an individual support or oppose a public policy, based on the implications it will have on his personal need. Orren disagrees with these theories and takes the opposite view by stating it is the group/shared values that affect an individual’s public behavior. For that he takes three theories, neoclassical

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The future of Anglo- American Relations has been under threat recently with open disagreements being witnessed between the leaders of these two great nations. Several questions have been asked about the future of these relations that have been existent for the longest time that we can remember. What can be done to rectify the deficiencies exposed in recent years? This question has been asked severally from different quarters on how both the United States and Britain can ensure their relations that has been existent for centuries is not under threat. The U.S. on its part needs to understand the

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Answering the question of whether or not American cities are manageable is difficult and demands a complex answer. It is possible to manage a city, although it has to be stated that a perfect city cannot be expected to exist and a well-managed city will not be without problems. Good management means that a city can capably address the needs of its citizens and anticipate and plan for the citizens and overall well-being of the urban area of the future.
The way cities need to be managed in order to survive as a noteworthy, successful city recognizable on a

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The movie Blackfish is an epitome of whales in captivity . It illumined viewers of the documentary film of the plight of whales, particularly orcas or killer whales, which are captured for the sole purpose of providing aquatic entertainment through famous marine mammal parks, like SeaWorld. Statistics provided by the Whale and Dolphin Conservation (WDC) revealed that there are 54 orcas currently in captivity in a global scale . Viewers are given the opportunity to see the perspective from the view point of these whales in captivity through asserting the traumatic isolation, restrictions, and impositions inflicted on them as trainers worked

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Disputing parties are taken through a process aimed to determine their favorable and worst alternatives that do not regard agreement from between them. Each side has a different BATNA (Best alternative to a negotiated agreement) and WATNA (Worst alternative to a negotiated agreement).this approach can be of much assistance when considering a reasonable settlement.
An agreement that is efficient and intelligent is excellent in negotiations and serves to enhance the relations of the concerned parties. Good agreements are those that meet the interests of all parties, are fair and most importantly, they can last. The objective of the

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According to Cooperation Commons (Para 1), prisoner’s dilemma is a situation in which the parties might fail to agree even when it is in the best interests of the two to agree. The term was coined by Melvin Dresher and Merrill Flood who were working at RAND back in 1950. The term prisoner’s dilemma came about because the scenario was formulated from the prison perspective where two prisoners are convicted with no proof of the crime. If they do not cooperate, they both risk having a lesser sentence. However, if any betrays the other, the one who

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Terry Cooper and Louis Gawthrop assume a different approach on matters of ethics especially in the public sector. They bring out the nuances that characterize operations in the public sector. Gawthrop takes us through the historical developments in the governance of the United States of America. He outlines the progress which begins with the presidency of George Washington. Interestingly, Gawthrop appreciates the bureaucracy which was formally introduced by President Wilson Woodrow. Woodrow essentially sought to distinguish between the political unit of government and the administrative unit. He considered the latter as the bureaucracy. It is this bureaucracy that is

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Federalism as practiced by the United States is a system of government where different regions or states are subjected by the constitution to submit some of their authorities to a central government that administer this on an exclusive or implied authoritative list. The states/regional governments have concurrent or delegated powers to share with the federal government and also have reserved residual power places where they administer. Hence, this division of power also relate to how fiscal policies in the state are being administered. In the case of revenue sharing, the federal government and states generate revenues or are allocated

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The Arab Spring has been going on for the last two years. While the peaceful protest that started in Tunisia was over in the country after about 3 months, it took Libya about 6 months to finally stampede over the authoritative regime of Kaddafi. Kaddafi’s fall however, did not actualize the desires of a liberal and progressive democracy. Libya’s revolution backfired as the absence of a central authority led to civil unrest and the rise of extremists’ movements. In Egypt, the fall of Hosni Mubarak in 2011 was seen as the culmination of freedom and the triumph

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The Trans Pacific Partnerships Negotiations (TPP) and World Trade Organization (WTO) are two large bodies that are involved with enhancement of trade between and among member states, in a fair and just manner. WTO is the only global institution that is involved with formulating rules of trade between its members. Its main function is to ensure that trade flows smoothly and all the concerns and issues that are raised by member countries are tackled and addressed amicably. WTO constitutes countries from all the regions and continents of the world (Bossche 8). However, over the past few decades, there has

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[Writers Name]

This video highlights the successes of John Downer in capturing animals specifically Polar Bears in their natural habitat from angles unknown to the human eye. He has emphasized on the point that covert observation helps reveal those sides of an animal which may not be revealed otherwise. Polar Bears in particular are found in an extreme environment coupled with their aggressive nature it is difficult to study their behavior; hence, Downer used spy cams to reach up close with these creatures and he has been successful in observing their behavior by being in a safe environment far

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Rawls notion of civil disobedience tends to define civil disobedience as going against law or set down norms in the society. There are however situations in which civil disobedience may be morally justified. Rawls advances a philosophy about civil disobedience that has widely been accepted by most scholars of recent times. Rawls defends scholarly works defends civil disobedience as a non-violent attempt by the public to defy the law with the aim of bringing a change to the government or to a structure of the set down laws. According to this philosophy, the people who decide to engage in

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Introduction

Much can be said about human nature. Why people are so competitive? The reasons can be endless but the core is power. The competitive nature of humans can be traced from the ancient times. Every person just like every government seeks wealth and power on a day to day basis. Consequently, when people and governments get the power they have always wished for, they develop the fallacious presumption that they have the necessary wherewithal that subsequently gives such person or government the right to interfere with the affairs of the not so powerful people or countries. William J. Fulbright

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Introduction

There has been a steady growth in the number of charges related to unfair labor practices with the NLRB (National Relations Board) (Steenson, 2010). This article describes what Unfair Labor Practices are. It goes further to explain the fines assessed by the companies. It also discusses the rate of repeat offenders. It begins by giving the definition of unfair labor practices. It then explains the various interests potentially harmed by Unfair Labor Practices. The interests discussed include individual interests, collective interests and union interest. The paper then describes the available remedies for the wrongdoing. Remedies discussed have been categorized

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Strong interest inventory psychometric test is a career assessment test for determination of the most suitable career choice for an individual. It is especially effective since it involves a keen assessment of a person’s attributes coupled with his interests. It then matches them up to other people in certain careers (Walsh, 1986). The reliability of this psychometric test is high only in certain specific instances and careers. This is because people within the same career may have totally different interests and general characteristics. As such, the validity of the comparisons based on mismatches may lead to wrong conclusions.

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Reflection on Online Communities and BYOD

Reflection on Online Communities and BYOD
My views will start on Online Community, on its concept and functions. When we say, community, it is a group of people interacting, working, and sharing some common goals and interests. I supposed that neighbors converse in their backyards, while an online community, the members, interact simply through the internet. As a clarification, online community is not merely the same thing as a social network. Social network is held together by pre – established interpersonal; relationships such as family, colleagues, and friendship; people generally joined a social networking sites to maintain or somewhat strengthen

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A relationship of someone I knew very well was that which was developed from friendship to romantic love. Initially, a friend of mine joined a spiritual awareness group which aimed to enhance spirituality and faith through attending annual retreats, joining in volunteer programs, as well as promoting the Catholic faith. My friend, who we could call, Mildred, established a traditional friendship with all members, including Tito. What started as acquaintance slowly evolved and developed into a strong bond of friendship through frequent communication and interpersonal relationship that is expected from the activities of the members. Since both were single,

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President Herbert Hoover was born from a relatively humble Midwestern family in Iowa. His father was a blacksmith. As an administrator, Herbert Hoover considered himself progressive. His ideas were encapsulated in what was called the “new era” politics. His premise was on American individualism that argued for less regulation from the government. Hoover had a sterling reputation having been a successful an entrepreneur. The crash of the stock market of 1929 happened after a series of tough financial times. The fall of real estate prices, the reduction in demands of American produce declined due to recovering European manufacturing industries.

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Philosophy

The self-interest of person is itself a relative term as it is defined by various factors for example culture, religion, level of education and personal interests. Self-interest can also be defined as narcicism. Self-interest can vary as far as saddicism as long as it serves the personal interests of the sadist
Philosophical egoism can be proven to be true through thorough dissection and in-depth analysis of actions that are thought to be the most selfless ever committed. All actions serve to suit personal interests. A person giving a beggar money in the streets may seem selfless but they are

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CRC was adopted by the UN in 1989. It is an internationally recognized instrument adopted by UN members, which urges nations to act in a particular way with regards to children. The convention seeks to protect children from violence, exploitation, guarantee nutrition, free compulsory primary education and secure adequate health care among other essential child rights. The convention gives emphasis to the child’s best interests given the fact that they are the most vulnerable people in the society. Given the good intentions enshrined in this convention, almost all UN member states have adopted the convention, with the exception

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Question one: Miles

The Miles case is fairly straight forward. The issues put forth for determination by the court can be summed up in the following questions. One, what rights Miles has against his parents? Two, what rights the parents have? Three whether on the request by the parents, Miles can be removed from the team without his consent? And lastly, whether his parents can take part or all of his income? In the ensuing discussion, the paper shall answer all the questions. From the onset, it is imperative to note that the Court should be guided by the holdings in Tye

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Political analysis is a complex process that can be divided into two main phases. These are the description and analysis phases. Description in this context entails a process whereby one identifies what, when, who and how elements of a phenomenon. Analysis, on the other hand, is the interrogation of facts, that is, the why. The two are critical as they lay the fundamental framework upon which steps of political analysis are premised. The steps of political analysis include identifying actors, motivators, participants, resources, influence, tactics and action channels. In essence the main task of political analysis entails disintegrating the

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Shareholders, who in principle cannot participate in the day-to-day management of a company, are forced to enter into a relationship with managers who act as their agents in the management of the company. This relationship operates under the assumption that managers will act in the best interests of the shareholder (Shapiro, 1999). However, managers will likely, and naturally, act in self interest and the needs of the shareholders may not be in the forefront of their motivation. This raises the issue of the agency problem; the conflict between a company’s management and the shareholders when managers act to

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Introduction

Policy formulation in every government should be an issue of integration since governments should at no time posses the full power to formulate, implement and monitor policies not unless it is directed to a specified locality. Policies affect various individuals and should thus be made integrated to avoid conflict of interest occurring between the formulators of policies and the locals at the ground. The issue is the conflict between the lobbyist and the special interest. The special groups have diverse interest of soliciting funds with a focus on their own interests and have a higher dependence on funding from

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1. Introduction
Today, animals have many uses across the world than before. Thus, the animals should be entitled to some kinds of rights.
II. Animals are used for a number of purposes.
A. Animals are used for food.
The growing population has led to increased animal production for human consumption. To increase production, man has resulted to using biotechnology and other modern means of productions.

B. Animals are used in medicine

i. Animals are used as test tubes by scientists. They use animals to test medicines.
ii. Animals are used to produce medicines, particularly, the single celled animals such as algae, fungi and bacteria.
C.

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Popular opinion refers to the views or opinions that held by the majority of the public about a particular issue of interest which may either be social, economic or political issue. Socialization process refers to the processes through which people come together and interact to discuss on issue that affect their daily lives. Media has a wide influence on the public opinion and can sway the views held by people about a particular topic of interests (Shamir, 2000). They help in shaping the popular opinion. The media influences the way people perceive a particular subject through analysing of the

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Question 1.

The Land and Conveyancing Law Reform Act (2009) came into force on 1 December 2009, providing for comprehensive modernization of the land –related legal relationships in Ireland. The most important impact of the Act lies in abolition of any vestiges of feudal times` land law that may have survived through ages (e.g., abolition of freehold estate). Significant changes were introduced in the sphere of co-ownership, creating new challenges for purchasers, who are now required to ensure that consent to the land severance had been obtained, so that conveyance will not be considered void in the future. Furthermore, the Act

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Learning is not limited to the classroom. Throughout my life I have enjoyed reading books. Fiction allows the mind to wander, unbound by terrestrial concerns. Reading non-fiction provides a fast paced, informative way to acquire diverse information in a wide range of subjects. I enjoy reading philosophy, history, and anything else that is well written. One book that recently caught my attention was Freakonomics by Steven Levitt and Stephen Dubner. The book ingeniously combines pop culture with economics and provides an interesting avenue to understand why things happen as they do.
Using statistics, the authors note many interesting coincidences

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The United States’ active participation in the issues pertaining to the Middle East is influenced by a number of factors and interests it has in the region. The United uses its power in safeguarding its interests and the interests of its allies in the region. Some of these interests are antagonistic like the interest in the Middle East oil and the need to maintain the security of Israel. The United States’ interests in the region, especially regarding protection of Israel from Arab attack has at the end created both friends and enemies in the region. The Zionist movement was

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Discussion of Five Theories of International Relations

Liberalism
The study of international relations owes most of its roots from liberalism. The liberalist school of thought, having emerged during the Enlightenment, mainly addresses the broad concern of international relations on attaining enduring peace and cooperation between states and non-state actors. Scholars of liberalism thus devote themselves to the study of stabilizing relationships between states and organizations from different parts of the world through a variety of methods (Doyle & Recchia, 2011).
Liberalism includes within its vast umbrella of sub-schools of thought theories that focus mostly on the behavior of state and

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The desire for a heavenly after life or immortality leads to boredom since in essence there is no real end to life. Life runs on an infinite timeline no matter our interests, habits or values. There is no climax to life no ‘grand exit’ or so to speak. Human beings are naturally inclined towards expectation and accomplishment which in essence bring about a sense of finality. Immortality or a heavenly life after death contradicts this finality concept which can be a strong motivator for greatness. Since life has no real end it loses its ‘kick’ and excitement fades away

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Analysis

Negotiation is the process and method by which the many differences, disputes and disagreements between various peoples and parties can be used as a means to voluntarily arrive at a compromise or settlement among the arguing parties. According to Ury, (2000) negotiation in any disagreement is aimed at by organizations or individuals as a solution of achieving an outcome as best as they possibly could. This is because the essentiality of these positions could as well be established. But for such a solution to produce an outcome that’s successful, the parties must possess the need to seek benefits

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Introduction

Stillman concepts of administration and public policy provides that success in bureaucracy comes from skilled executives who identify tasks in their organizations critically, and distribute authority appropriately in regards to those tasks.

Friedrich argues that there is necessity to instil formal and externally imposed mechanisms in ensuring administrative responsibility, due to rise in government administration, professionalism, and growth of public administration discretion and complexity. Friedrich’s ideas apply in the case of torture, as lack of these mechanisms is seen to lead to cases of torture. Unsustainable in practice was the conceptual distinction between administration and policy. Friedrich was

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The case of the National School Lunch Program (NLSP) involved heavy participation of issue networks. Various interest groups and individuals, albeit loosely, form issue networks to support particular issues for public policy formation. The NLSP found support from issue networks formed by interest groups formed by interest groups on nutrition and consumer advocacy, associations formed by concerned professionals and networks of private sector groups (Stillman, 2009).
Prior to the implementation of the NLSP in 1946, concerns over nutrition deficiency in children have emerged. Whereas the NLSP became successful in implementing reforms to ensure the well-being of children in terms

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Section A

Question One:
- Adopting a union substitution strategy and refusing to negotiate with the union
This approach involves a complete oversight of the union. The approach would enable the company to necessarily bypass the union and negotiate any issues with the employees either individually or collectively. This approach bears fruit in cases where the union wields a lot of powers that in many cases may threaten the operations of the organization. However, it equally comes with the risk of losing the employee trust and recognition. Employees often feel respected and recognized by the employer who allows them to operate

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