Essays on Expedition

Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca was more successful as a writer and traveler than he was as a conquisidator. He was an early explorer, exploring the New World hailing from Spain, as well as a protoanthropological author. He was born in Jerez de la Frontera, Cadiz in the year 1490 into a wealthy family. Orphaned at a very early age, Cabeza grew up under care of his maternal aunt. Pedro de Vera, his grandfather, had conquered the Canary Islands and would serve a large shadow in Cabeza de Vaca’s ambitions in ‘the new world’ America. His name cabeza Continue reading...

On May 1996, two teams, one led by Scott Fisher and the other by Rob Hall, attempted to mountaineer to the summit of Mt. Everest. The effort had disastrous results, with five members of the expedition team losing their lives in the process. Many have attempted to identify exactly what went wrong during the fateful climb, but it has always been difficult to pinpoint the exact mistakes or errors that caused the disastrous results of the expedition. Continue reading...

Lewis and Clark Expedition

The Lewis and Clark expedition would go where no American had gone before. The journey ventured through the last greatest wilderness of the world. Many believed that Woolly Mammoths still existed and it was unknown what plants and species would be found. It was well known that Native Indians had lived there for centuries. The journey was funded by President Thomas Jefferson who was looking for a way for America to expand into the west of the country. He chose his chief aid Meriwether Lewis as the captain of the expedition because he was a soldier and woodsmen. Lewis Continue reading...

The book lewis and Clark expedition was first written in 1998 and published by Bedford/St. Martin's. However, there are 53 reviews on the book since then. In this book, Barth addresses a navigation that was conducted by Lewis and clerk among other people. This navigation was stimulated by President Jefferson Thomas after the purchase of the new land (louisiana) which belonged to France. This was through the agreement that was made in the senate to buy this new land. It is after this that the president appointed his personal secretary Lewis to explore this new land. Lewis then sought Continue reading...

Christopher Columbus was a sailor and discoverer of the Sargasso Sea, the Bahamas and the archipelago of Antilles. He first reached the northern coast of South America and the Caribbean coastline of Central America.
Christopher Columbus is one of the most enigmatic historical figures. There is no certain information about his birth, origin, education, professional activities before the first expedition to the West India. That’s why historians and biographers wrote more than hundred books about his discoveries. Therefore, the history of Columbus contains continuous mysteries, assumptions and doubts.
Christopher Columbus was born in 1451, the day between August Continue reading...

History is considered to be humanity’s legacy drawing the path which is to be paved upon the learnings of the past. It was Aristotle, the great Ancient Greek philosopher, who had said that history is a series of homocentric cycles, aiming at pointing the importance of studying it. Evolution and progress may achieve to make people’s lifestyle much more progressive than they could ever imagine but human nature is not easily changeable. As a conclusion studying history contributes to our understanding human nature, the inner needs generating certain actions, and leads us to learning on what could Continue reading...

The Franklin ship was a Canadian ship that was being commanded by Sir John Franklin. The ship was used for various expeditions by the British man. However, the ship was involved with an expedition in the arctic where due lots of ice it got trapped. The ship was on a quest to try and navigate the water passages in the northwest. The ship got stuck there, and they could not make it back home. Franklin together with the rest of the crew managed to reach land, but the cold conditions of the arctic were unbearable to them and so Continue reading...

Bainbridge, B. (1991). The Birthday Boys. London: Hachette UK.
“The Birthday Boys” is an acclaimed piece of literary work by Beryl Bainbridge. This novel was published in the year 1991and presents an imaginary tale of South Pole mission by captain Robert Falcon Scott. This story describes the emotional aspect of human endurance and misguided audacity in a very realistic manner. This paper intends to discuss the novel with a focuses on courage as central them of the story.
Beryl Bainbridge is an English author who is named as one of the greatest authors of the United Kingdom. The author Continue reading...

Into thin Air is a personal account of the author’s expedition on the tallest mountain in the world. “I stood atop Mount Everest, gasping for air at the topmost limit of earth’s atmosphere.
Standing on the top of the world, I cleared the ice from my oxygen mask, put my shoulder against the wind, and stared at the vast view of earth below. I understood on some dim level that it was a spectacular sight. I'd been dreaming about this moment for many months. But now that I was finally here, standing on the summit of Mount Continue reading...

Man is an interesting animal; he can purport to be virtuous, but that often only holds as long as his creature comforts are left intact. Once put out into the wilderness, facing certain death horrifying creatures, man’s inherent goodness can often fall apart. However, it is most interesting when some among these men can hang on to their humanity. In The Terror by Dan Simmons, such a scenario occurs – during a long and arduous expedition, the crews of the HMS Terror and HMS Erebus go through what could literally be described as Hell; starvation, harsh conditions, and mysterious Continue reading...

In the Philippines, the Army of Liberation was already in control of most of the country by the time 12,000 U.S. troops landed in Manila in August 1898, although as in Cuba most Americans do not remember that a revolution was already underway in these Spanish colonies long before the U.S. became involved in conventional or counterinsurgency operations (Silbey, 2007, p. 215). From the American point of view, it was “a messy unanticipated war” and one that was never popular at home (Linn, 2011, p. 156). President William McKinley had sent the troops to Manila with no clear Continue reading...

The report concentrates on the beliefs of the Dogon people which still manage to baffle researches all around the world. It appears that the Dogon people had considerable knowledge about a certain star that cannot be seen with a human eye under any circumstances unless specific equipment such as telescopes are involved. The way through which the tribe acquired such specific knowledge of the star and the immediate bodies that surround it remains open to the discussion. The tribe could have acquired the knowledge either by themselves or have claimed some information from another civilization. The phenomenon of travelling Continue reading...

Thirty-three years ago, Paul Theroux made an expedition from London to Asia via train. During this period, he wrote The Great Railway Bazaar which gave an account of this journey. In “Ghost Train to the Eastern Star”, Paul Theroux embarks on another expedition from London through Central Europe, Turkey and then across several Asian countries such as India, Vietnam and Sri Lanka. The final country that he visits during this second expedition is Japan, after which he makes his way back home using the Trans-Siberian Railway. The Ghost Train to the Eastern Star is divided into 32 chapters. The Continue reading...

Introduction

Tourism is comparatively recent development in the Far North. In the last 15 years, the numbers of tourists have been increasing to experience the spectacular wildlife, landscapes and pursue the unique settings of Arctic. In the year 2000, the Arctic tourist count has reached above 1.5 million, with the northern Fennoscandia drawing around 70% of them. The Arctic cruise ship traffic has increased from 50 ships in the year 2004 to around 250 in 2007, most of them in Greenland and Nunavut (Canada). Most of the tourists travel to Arctic during the summers, when they can enjoy and pursue Continue reading...

Introduction

Cabeza de Vaca is a Spanish explorer and one of the four toughies who survived the 1527 Narvaez expedition that had really costed us more than 600 lives of our friends (Nunez & Harold, 12). We travelled for eight years across the US Southwest to Texas. The journey was very demanding and full of challenges but we had devoted ourselves into it.
During the expedition, we happened to have taken different routes. Since were the only Spanish comrades that Cabeza could find moral support from, he decided to roam across the American continent searching for us. In the process, he Continue reading...

A basic challenge in climbing peaks like Everest is that air past 800o meters becomes exceptionally obscure. There are just 14 mountains globally with maximum heights of more than 8000 meters and though top climbers strive to conquer all of them this also implies that the faculties of their brains is impeded severely, and cannot spend longer time periods in zones over 8,000 meters devoid of risking their lives, even without storm. Rob Hall was to rule on turnaround times to ensure that his worn out clients could make it back to camp before it became dark, as Continue reading...

1. It is impossible to compile a unique list of reasons, which caused the tragedy. Although from the organizational prospective the expedition was very likely to end unsuccessfully, the irrational behaviour of the individuals in the team can be justified by the unpredictable and non-standard conditions during the expedition. Poor organization, inability to follow the schedule and logistical issues showed the poor level of preparedness of the team. Bad judgement of the individuals (Hall and Fischer) put the whole group under the risk. However, their mistakes could have been done by any most experienced guide, and no systematic approach Continue reading...

Fiction and satire characterizes the two literature works; the modest proposal by Jonathan Swift and the Ones Who Walks Away from Omelas by Ursula Le Guin. Satire is a stylistic device that is used to communicate a serious issue in an indirect manner; fiction also serves the same meaning because it presents as issue to the audience in a similar manner. In essence, the two stylistic devices are critical in literature as they offer the audience a chance to inquire and interrogate the narrator’s statements in a more detailed manner. The Modest Proposal and the Ones Who Walks Continue reading...

The theory of the continental drift was proposed by the German geographer and geologist Alfred Wegener on basis of the accumulated scientific facts. He formulated the first scientific theory of the slow continental drift in 1912. He mentioned the numerous similarities in the geological structure of the continents and the generality of the fossilized flora and fauna in the geological past. The weighty proof also was the coincidence of the climate in the distant geological eras.
Alfred Wegener was born on first of November in 1880 in the center of Brooklyn in the family of the famous scientist. He Continue reading...

Introduction.

Born in Genoa in 1451 between August and October, Christopher Columbus started going to the sea at a teenage stage. He travelled extensively making Portugal his area. He tried to gain royal patronage to no avail for Indies enterprise. During his time in the sea, he made other 2 voyages to the new territories and in the long run he was defeated and humiliated along the way. He was indeed great navigator, but failed in matters regarding administration and management. The study below shows his history in two historian’s perspectives.

A summary of the history of Columbus by Howard Zinn in “A People’s History of the United States”

In the treatment of individuals who are referred Continue reading...

Terms Used: Lewis and Clark, Jefferson, Henry Clay, John Tyler, Calhoun

Introduction
United States has come a long way through from where it used to be in history. The present map of US is driven by the doctrine of manifest density that caused enormous expansion across North America in the last century. Although, expansion of the boundaries would be useful but dangerous too because it comprises the land of Native American who were living in most areas of the western region and it has highlighted one of the most prominent issue of the country, slavery. Most importantly, the native black Americans were facing slavery in 18th century and in the Continue reading...

Introduction

Christopher Columbus was an Italian Spain sailor who lived between the year 1451 and 1506. He was a son to a middle-class wool weaver family of Domenico and Susanna Fontanarossa who lived in Genoa Italy. His life as child is not well known and there is no comprehensive information on how he spent his youthful life. However it is said that he got well educated and that he could speak several language fluently. Some of the most important skills he acquired in his early days include the interpretation of classical literature, the work of Marinus, Ptolemy and many others.
Continue reading...

Introduction

Christopher Columbus is the most prominent explorer. He was born in Italy in the year of 1451. Christopher discovered the sea at fourteen and experienced shipwreck at fifteen. Columbus established his family in Portugal with a wealthy woman who later passed on in 1480 immediately after their first son Diego. Columbus later on took his son to Spain
Columbus was one of the knowledgeable men who shared in the theory that the world was round. Columbus voyages were influenced by the prevailing contests over the world map. Most of the contestants over the map of the earth made erroneous Continue reading...

Ray Bradbury is a renowned science fiction writer whose works have an overwhelming number of fans around the globe. The Sound of Thunder, one of his short stories, is a masterpiece in both its content, stylistic devices, and method of delivery. This fiction story not only focuses on the building of a solid plot, but also leaves the audience in suspense leaving many questions unanswered. Despite the story’s ability to capture the attention of its audience, Bradbury is able to bring out a take home message that he would like to impart into his readers. Though subject to Continue reading...

Sensing the possibilities of America, Spaniards started their American expedition in earlier sixteenth century under administration and support of Spanish monarchy. Christopher Columbus started his mission in the year, 1492. He sailed to America with a motive to sell, buy spices as well as other goods and to hunt for the potential trade opportunities of the new places. Spanish sailors were among the first explorers of different new places of the world including the North American territory. This paper discusses the Spanish mission, establishment of Spanish colonies and other related aspects of the story.
Spanish colonies were established in Continue reading...

Antarctica Tourism: Still an appropriate market for operators and tourism?

Introduction

Antarctica may not sound like the greatest vacation spot for most people but many tourists ready for a challenge head there during the South Pole’s summer season. Tourism has been increasing since the first visitors to Antarctica despite the difficulties reaching the place. The freezing temperatures are not enough to slow the dedicated traveler away either.

Tourist operators’ infrastructure has grown to meet the needs of Antarctica tourism. The infrastructure includes everything from selling parkas and equipment, to training guides and to offering trips by ships and planes coordinated with travel agencies. Several decades of increasing tourism Continue reading...

Part IV Question

Colonization of America by the European countries began in the late 15th century. The colonization was mostly motivated by the Europe desire to acquire wealth. The European colonialists justified their move by stating that they wanted to civilize indigenous people. The famous phrase “God, Gold and Glory” incredibly summarizes the colonialists’ motives. Explorers, Amerigo Vespucci, Diego Alverez Chanca, Hernando Cortes, and Samuel de Champlain spoke on their aspiration to extend the political boundaries of Europe and to advance European economies. Vespucci, Chanca, Cortes, and Samuel de Champlain emphasized their intent to convert Indigenous people to Christianity. Some of the Continue reading...

- So this is the ship they say is unsinkable.
- It is unsinkable. God himself could not sink this ship.
Every once in a while the conversations with friends or newly met acquaintances turn to favorite movies. Every once in a while “My Heart Will Go On” by Celine Dion comes on radio or music TV channel. Every once in a while close people talk about how true love never dies and how legends are never forgotten. And every single time Titanic is mentioned like a strongly attached, inseparable, and ultimate representation of the above mentioned categories, ever-present and Continue reading...

Introduction

Black Robe is a movie made in the Canadian province of New France, commonly known as Quebec. It was shot in 1991, but the setting of the movie was the 17th century, which detailed France’s exploration and settlement into medieval Canada. The movie is an adaptation of Brian Moore’s novel that had the same title (Amazon.com 1997).
The story revolves around an ancient Jesuit priest from France who, in 1634, begins an expedition to bring Christianity to the Indian natives of what is present day Quebec, Canada. The film chronicles a difficult, brutal, and dangerous 1500-mile journey Continue reading...

[Professor]

History as we know it is always written in the bird’s eye view. It is always in the perspective of the victors. Those who subjugated lands and people that include Christopher Columbus wrote heroic actions of expedition to save the wretch from damnation or to civilize the savages. Spain, Portugal and other conquistadores in the 13th to 18th century used Christianity in their search for gold, slaves and glory. Howard Zinn’s book entitled, “History is a Weapon” mentioned that the conquests of Spain and other powerful countries during the colonial era was written in history in Continue reading...

“The Last Place on Earth” an epic TV series based on the controversial true story of two rivals, Captain R.F. Scott and Roald Amundsen carrying a common dream of reaching the South Pole. Amundsen was a professional explorer began his planning secretly to go to South Pole. The biggest obstacle in his expedition was the finance. So he officially declared that he will get to North Pole but his real intentions were to conquer South Pole before Captain Scott reaches there. But he officially announced that he will go the North Pole so as to get finance from the Continue reading...

Introduction

Tobias Smollett is regarded as one of the most important novelist in the 18th century Great Britain. The 18th century is when the first true novels emerged as a new form of literary expression and Smollett introduced notable works during the era such as the “The Expedition of Humpry Clinker”. The novel follows the epistolary form where a series of documents such as letters were resembled to create the novel. This literary approach was popular during the 18th century where the aforementioned novel by Smollett was published. The objective of this critical analysis is to examine the components of Continue reading...

Introduction

The story of the voyages that Christopher Columbus made is well-documented in various books and websites. Arguably, he was the greatest voyager to ever live in the world. These sources reveal the motives behind such voyages and what he achieved by these voyages. The last voyage of Columbus is a book written by Martin Dugard explaining the events that unfolded during Columbus’ fourth voyage. The author argues that the voyage’s purpose was to discover a new route to Orient (Dugard, 21). Under normal circumstances, this book is treated as a novel instead of history. Dugard manages to give Continue reading...

Since time immemorial, people have been generating strong figures to look up to. These physically powerful figures are known as heroes. The presentation of these heroes in traditional mythological heroes is very different with that of modern day fictional hero stories. However, these heroes are created in related ways. They have to protect those in danger, despite the challenges they face. In classical mythological hero stories, the heroes are presented as infallible and set apart from the community. The heroes are expected to be in aid of the people in time of distress and fight the enemies on their Continue reading...

The great geographical discoveries ( or large Navigations ) is the name given to the period of history that took place between the fifteenth century and early seventeenth century during which Europeans explored the world extensively in search of new trade routes . Historians often refer to the " Age of Discovery " as the pioneer Portuguese and Spanish navies studies performed between the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, who built a relationship with Africa , America and Asia, looking for an alternative way to " India " , driven by trade in gold, silver and spices ( Martin 6).
In 1543 , by chance, three Portuguese merchants Francisco António Continue reading...

Marco Polo

Introduction
Marco Polo was an Italian merchant traveler who immortalized his travel stories to Central Asia and China by giving an account of his journey in his famous book 'Description of the World' aka Livres des merveilles du monde in French. There are few European travelers who voyaged to China years before Marco Polo but the journey undertaken by Polo was the most remarkable. He spent 24 years of his life travelling in Asia and China, having spent 17 of those years in China alone. Marko Polo served as an inspiration to many subsequent European explorers. Marco Polo's book Continue reading...

Hernando De Soto was conquistador and an explorer from Spain. Hernando is documented as the first European to reach Mississippi. This was while he led the European expedition deeper towards the modern day territory. This expedition was the very first in Europe. Therefore, this essay will compare and contrast two articles based on Hernando and his discovery of Mississippi river. .

According to Galloway, Hernando landed into the Mississippi region as a result of his search for silver and gold. He had 400 troops who joined him in his flatboats in crossing the river. They did so at night, so Continue reading...

1.
Even though Rome, Open City has the obvious advantages available to the filmmaker, in the sense that any desired sort of reality is open for creation, the rendition that Rossellini produces is one that comes very close to reality. The raw nature of the neorealist technique actually led to a higher level of creativity. The dialectical montage that occurs in the use of mixing in newsreel footage with the main action at times lends a jarring rhythm to the film, but it also lends a sense of authenticity to the events, as the news items verify the factuality Continue reading...

Science fiction is a fairly new genre in the spectrum of literature; the earliest practitioners include Mary Shelley, H.G. Wells and even Mark Twain (if you’ve read A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court, then you’ve read an early work of science fiction) – both of whom wrote in the nineteenth century. Some of this has a lot to do with the fact that science and technology did not really take off until the early 1800’s, which brought the Industrial Revolution. What with steam engines powering vast machines, the imagination of writers soon foresaw the wonders Continue reading...

1.0 Introduction

The French and Indian war as is mainly called in USA was a war between the British and their enemies who were the French and their Native Americans allies. The Indian tribes were allied to the French as they were more trusting of the French than the British. But in all this the Indians were very protective of their people’s independence and nothing could deter them from that. This paper will analyze the war focusing on causes of the war, the participation of the Native Americans (Indian tribes), the events of the war, the effects of the war and the resulting treaty. Continue reading...