Essays on Communication

In the study conducted at the Presbyterian Hospital, there were several differences and similarities in the information needs of nurses and physicians in the New York based hospital. The physicians and nurses are two different groups of professional workers at the hospital whose duties are not very much different. The study was aimed at identifying the information needs as well as communication patterns of the two sets of healthcare employees. The perceptions of the two sets of professionals about how the information requirements relate to medical related errors was the main focus of the study.

The information needs of ...

Conflict is a common thing in this universe. This particular thing is very evident from the largest structure of creation to the tiniest one. Nevertheless, there are still ways to resolve it. And that is what this paper is all about – particularly in relation to covert conflicts. Covert conflict behavior, in the first place, reflects indirect ways of manifesting conflicts between individuals (Gullotta & Adams, 2008). It is simply doing other things instead of directly solving the real concerns. Thus, in reality, covert conflict behavior just doesn’t help at all.

One example of such condition is when I and ...

Marketing Communication is a vital component for creating and expanding the brand awareness. This primarily allows the customers to transform and create specific perceptions of the product in their minds. These perceptions primarily relate to the product specific attributes and the position of the product in the entire market. Such communication not only aids in creating new customer base but also assists in retaining the current customer segment and to build and nurture stronger relationship with the customers as well as the suppliers.
For the purpose of analyzing the marketing communication technique, ABC TV has been chosen. ABC has ...

In order to improve my performance, I will improve on the various characteristics possessed by successful managers. First, I will have to understand my management styles. This will be through understanding my strengths and weaknesses. I believe this will be helpful because I will be able to use my strengths to my advantage. Understanding my weaknesses will ensure that I overcome any challenges because I will be more cautious when carrying out my duties.

I will also develop my skills for recognizing and resolving conflicts at an early stage before the conflict goes beyond my control. This will be ...

Group Development

The stages of group development are the forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning stages. Forming is when the group members are at the stage of getting to know each other. Storming is when each of the group member’s tasks are defined and when tensions are dealt with. Norming is when relationships are built and when the group members already work together. Performing is when the relationships in the group and the performance of tasks have matured. This stage is when the group is pretty much stable on all aspects. Finally, adjourning is when the group’s purpose has ...

1. Think of the last time that you had a conflict with another person, either at work or at school. Using the guidelines for performance feedback, how would you provide effective feedback to the person?

The best approach would be to solve the problem/conflict. In solving the problem, the focus of feedback however, is not on the person but on the behavior of the person. Moreover, it would be even more effective if criticism is minimized. If effective performance is observed, then an effective feedback would be through praise.

Performance management, as I understand it, is an approach through ...

Health Information Systems is a discipline that connects computing and information technology and health care practices and research. Computer hardware, software and communication equipment, forming a complex network. It entails the resources, equipment and means of obtaining, storing, retrieving and analyzing information in the health sector. This involves use of programmed systems to manage health information and securely exchange it between patients, health institutions, insurers and even government agencies. This interaction will improve value, safety and effectiveness of health delivery. These health information systems will find application in multiple healthcare disciplines including nursing, public health, pharmacy, pathology and dentistry.

Increased and consistent adaptation and usage of Health Information Systems in the above named disciplines will improve the quality of healthcare, decrease healthcare costs, increase managerial efficiencies, increase access to cheap healthcare and also avert medical errors. These systems will monitor chronic diseases while outbreaks of infectious diseases will be detected and contained in time.

Health Information Systems trace their roots to the second half of the 20th century when computer usage began and started increasing. Universities in Germany, France, Netherlands and Belgium dedicated departments and training programs in health informatics during early 1960s. In the U.S and Poland, these research units started in the 1970s. Health informatics has experienced massive investments in manpower and infrastructure and continues to advance as technology advances. The United States National Bureau of Standards used digital computers for dental projects symbolizing the earliest use of computers in medicine. Other agencies were to follow suit later, and many publications would follow with a view to introducing medics to computing methods. They included 1959’s “Reasoning Foundations of Medical Diagnosis” by Lesley and Lee B. Lusted. This has resulted in a rapidly growing community of health informatics in the Americas and European Union nations.

In mid 1960s at the Massachusetts General Hospital’s Computer Science Laboratory, the MUMPS programming language was developed for clinical application. MUMPS is an acronym for (Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming System). The MUMPS operating system supported the specifications of this language. As recently as 2004, a version of this system was still in use, in hospitals like the U.S Veterans Affairs Hospital. This hospital’s system has an electronic medical record. It also has a graphical user interface that allows different providers to assess and update patients’ e-records at any of their branches. This underlines the relevance of integrating communication technology to modern healthcare.

With time, both information communications technology and healthcare have advanced tremendously. This can be attributed to increasing opportunities and challenges witnessed in the past, currently and certainly in the future. Medical scholars have come up with noteworthy factors that have and will continue to manipulate healthcare systems and health informatics at large. Trends and factors with the most significant clout on current health information systems include:

1. Pressure to manage healthcare costs: Need to suppress operational costs as much as possible is of top priority since most healthcare providers are profit-making institutions. This will see corporate restructuring in favor of lean and effective workforces. Increased use of health information systems will see more low-grade employees laid off as these systems take over their jobs. These measures will cut across the board and affect both managerial and medical staff that will be rendered jobless.

According to a report by Price Waterhouse Coopers' Health Research Institute (Needles in a haystack: Seeking knowledge with clinical informatics), 52% of health providers said that informatics will help reduce costs by increasing patient involvement in their own preventive care. 85% of Health insurers believed that preventable hospital visits and admissions would be reduced drastically by health informatics. This implies reduced costs for not only the health providers but also for the patients. Cost controls will undoubtedly affect all healthcare disciplines, including but not limited to, dentistry, medical research, nursing and pharmacy.

2. Increasingly complex disease handling technologies will depend on the presence of reliable and efficient health information systems. Efforts to improve treatment procedures covering all ailments increase by the day. With the emergence of new diseases and drug resistant strains of existing ones, the need for investment in research cannot be underestimated. As clinicians and medical researchers develop new tools to counter these diseases, computer technologies will come in handy. They will help carry out extensive online research on diseases and medicines, record and store the findings safely and share this knowledge with other researchers over the internet. Computer programs and simulations will help monitor costs, efficiencies and outcomes of these researches. Such programs will help predict how commercially viable the products will be. They will also establish whether similar research has ever been carried out and their success rate.

Biomedical research, pharmacy and pathology are major casualties of how treatments and handling of diseases are administered. This is because they are intimately related to either the medicine used in the treatment or to the causes and nature of the diseases.

3. Introduction of powerful electronic gadgets like personal digital assistants (PDAs) will tremendously manipulate the healthcare systems. PDAs are minute and portable electronics devices that can store and transmit information. First and foremost, these equipments have multiple uses and will be bought for other reasons like entertainment and communication.

This factor will increase their client base hence a wider acceptance and purchase by a majority of the population. If effective voice recognition and reliable wireless communication systems are integrated, access to health services will be much increased.

For instance, a PDA installed with dietary software can be used for accurate self monitoring, as opposed to paper records which are cumbersome when checking on weight. PDAs can also be used by persons with diabetes for self-care especially the elderly who live alone or have no reliable helper. Also, patients can follow digital videos displayed on PDAs to carry out routine procedures. An article from the American Sexually Transmitted Diseases Association “Personal Digital Assistants Used to Document Compliance of Bacterial Vaginosis Treatment” concluded that PDAs accurately documented compliance rates hence can reliably assess compliance in drug or contraceptive trials.

The use of these gadgets will affect the healthcare fields like nursing and pharmacy that are concerned with administering of drugs and taking records for each patient.

Works Cited

Burke, Lillian, and Barbara Weill. Information Technology for the Health Professions. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2005. Print.
Reilly, Edwin D. Milestones in Computer Science and Information Technology. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 2003. Print.
Pantazi, Stefan, Felicia Pantazi, and Karen Daly. "Clinical informatics in undergraduate teaching of health informatics.." Studies in health technology and informatics 164 (2011): 58-63. Print.

Part I:

Interpersonal sensitivity is much more stereotypically present in women than in men; in essence, they are able to remember people's appearances much more than men do. This particular cognitive ability deals primarily with how accurate or appropriate our perceptions of others are; with respect to this difference between men and woman, discerning people's appearances is where this ability is most centered in this discussion. In modern culture, women are culturally conditioned to care more about appearance, as they are expected to keep up their own appearances in order to attract men. Furthermore, social expectations of female competitiveness ...

In the contemporary computer technology environment, networking has become the order of the day since it reduces physical movement of people so as to deliver and collect information. In fact, networking has become so important to a company or any organization that even the smallest computer based organization seeks to have a computer network. However, in the process of setting up a computer network several factors have to be considered. Some of the basic considerations are discussed below.

One of the factors to consider is hardware requirement. This is dictated by the type of network that a company of ...

In network engineering, the main factor that affects the design of the network is the type of work that the network is to be used for. In our case, apex company appears to serve different clients some of which will use wireless devices, access the network from remote or satellite points while others will be accessing the network from within the building in which the network is installed.

Looking at the number of clients that the network is supposed to serve, all network devices must be used. Since the ISP is not given in this case, we will assume ...

Since the dawn of civilization, humanity has worked to improve the standards of living. Innovations aimed at improving life have been are an important part of development. Millions of people depend on electricity and gas for virtually everything: from washing and drying clothes to transportation and communication. Because of the conveniences available today, it is hard to picture a life without them. In his book ”Into the Forest,” Hegland covers the story of two sisters who have to live without ordinary day conveniences like electricity, gas, and processed food (27).

Commercial electricity has changed people’s lives. Bright lights ...

Activity 1

In any network design, one of the main factors to consider is the number of clients served by the network. The number of clients is what forms the backbone of the network to be designed and the amount to spend on the project. The coverage of the network also dictates the best type of cable to use in the network so as to ensure that the project is both economical and efficient.

Taking into account the specifications of the network to be designed, the cabling required is a mixture of both the optic cables, coaxial cables and ...

The Strengths Finder report assesses peoples preference on 34 themes that classify perception of their strengths. In his book Strengths Finder 2.0 Tim Rath describes a “strength” as an innate ability or talent that you possess and invest significant time and energy in developing. My top strengths in the strengths finder were communication, arranger, harmony, context and woo.

When I initially went through my strengths finder report, I wasn’t too surprised at the results that I saw there. This is in line with many of the other psychometric tests that I have done in the past such as ...

Non-verbal communication involves communication that takes place through sending and receiving visual messages. The communication is wordless and takes place between people. Messages are communicated through facial expression, gestures and touch, eye contact and body language or posture. The messages can also be exchanged through the use of objects or artifacts such as hairstyles or clothing. Non-verbal communication usually makes up two-thirds of communication that takes place between people or a group of listeners and a speaker.

Non-verbal communication is important in a high context culture. It is used to regulate interactions, to repeat the verbal message, as a ...

A Johari window is an excellent exercise which can be done with the help of two or more people in order to improve a relationship or interpersonal communication. This methodology is extremely helpful in creating a proper channel of communication and identifying and bridging the gaps. This exercise will also conduct an analysis based on Johari Window technique and will also interpret the results, in order to create a better understanding of a chosen personal relationship.

I have met my best friend Roger and have discussed with him about our friendship and how close he has been to me ...

Technology as a tool in disaster management has its disadvantages, which can have serious consequences. Every shred of technology in existence today came to be as a result of man’s discoveries and invention. Man by nature is a creature bound to make mistakes from time to time thus any technological equipment has its loopholes which cannot be realized immediately if several tests are not carried out. Technology keeps changing as man discovers advanced way of improving the performance of technological devices that had been previously invented. Technology therefore is vulnerable since it gets replaced by newer and faster ...

Question 1: Discuss the relative use of nonverbal behaviours, such as salient periods, interruptions, facial gazing, and touching, by people from various cultural backgrounds. How does this behaviour affect the negotiation process in a cross-cultural context?

Nonverbal communication is an integral part of our communication. However, it is often ignored in the formal framework of business interactions especially by people from Western cultures. In a cross-cultural context this approach may be highly misleading, because people from different cultures give different weights to verbal vs. nonverbal communication. Thus, if Italians tend to express their emotions through gestures, Germans or Dutch ...

Negotiation is an important aspect in day to day businesses and also in the lives of people. It is worth noting that this is also an aspect of communication, and as such needs to be well perfected so as to prevent confusion and misunderstandings when dealing with negotiations. The essay below looks at this issue with more detail.

Negotiation Strategies

Question 1:

Smith’s perspective relates to the modern day negotiation. From the statement, it can be seen that the animals have no ability to put the interests of others in consideration, but they just propagate their will. However, as observed ...

End of life palliative care can be a stressful, even traumatic time for not only dying residents, but also for families and the medical staff working with them. Fortunately, there is much staff can do to alleviate stress. In my own experiences as a Health Care Assistant in a nursing home, I have helped residents, families, and other staff members deal with this difficult segment of life through palliative care, and I have learned much from them as well.

Working and Interacting With Others in Palliative Care

Making sure that dying residents and their family have as stress-free an experience as possible is extremely important as a ...

Conflict situations are inevitable in our daily social living. Conflict is a phenomenon that is almost always just around the corner. Although the word conflict has an intimidating connotation that makes it highly unwelcome in our lives, it is not always the case. Santos (1999) claimed that conflicts are oftentimes necessary, especially in an organization where interaction among stakeholders is important. Conflicts can also be deemed helpful when ideas are challenged and creativity is given an opportunity to emerge.

The Three Conflict Approaches

Any conflict situation may be approached in three ways: lose-lose orientation, win-lose ...

Introduction

Communication is one of the most important things for any organization to succeed. A communication structure is an organized system that an organization has put in place to guide its daily operations. It stipulates how the employees are to behave at the workplace. An effective communication system helps managers of the organization in performing basic management functions like leading, planning, controlling and organizing. For managers and other employees to carry out their duties and responsibilities effectively, communication is the foundation of it all. There must be efficient and swift transfer of information between different workers and departments.

An ...

Important concerns to advertisers

Buzz marketing is a new form of advertising that uses non-traditional campaigns and personal communication in an attempt to reach consumers. It is manifested in different ways such as utilizing people to promote the positive attributes of services or products in public places to more structured campaigns such as product giveaways and branded parties (TechTarget, 2009). Unlike in traditional marketing, the advertiser provides information about the product or service to a limited number of people in the target audience, who voluntarily seek out person to person conversations with those with the capability to influence their peers, buzz marketers come ...

Alma and Siva would have various options in order to assess the situation which is leading to a steep decline in the level of customer satisfaction; however it is important to choose that which ones would be the best. The first option that they can consider is the de bono thinking system also known as six thinking hats, and as a part of the system the analysis will be based on six different tools of analysis and information, emotions, bad points judgment, good points judgment and creativity will be considered.

The information assessment would require, and assessment of the ...

It is not very common for academicians to take up the works of others and present it as their own. Rather, it is always encouraged that the in case of such, the individual should take up the ideas of others and manipulates them to fit their context while giving credit to the original source. However, it so happens that copy pasting can take place. This is referred to as plagiarism and is the subject of this essay.

It is academic integrity to do and present original work whenever there is an assignment that has to be submitted. This is ...

Marketing communications is concerned with the creation and delivery of messages via selected media in order to communicate with the markets. It includes the processes, methods, perceptions, meanings, and actions through which organizations engage with their target audiences. It integrates all the approaches, resources, and marketing tools within an organization which are aimed at maximizing the impact on consumer mind resulting into maximization of profit at minimum costs.

According to Fill (2006), marketing communications is defined as a management process through which organizations engage with their various audiences. In order to accomplish this, the organizations develop, present, and evaluate ...

The article suggests that the root cause of workarounds majorly is the issue of poorly performing work systems. For instance, nurses are sometimes faced with issues such as broken equipment, wrong dosing of patient medication, breakdown in information communication and other bottlenecks that serve as hindrance to the smooth flow of work in the clinical setting. These bottlenecks hinder patient care due to the operational failures. In the face of this, health care professionals, especially nurses still manage to provide quality care to patients. The only way they are able to achieve this feat is by working around these ...

Before coming to Ireland I had lots of expectations and I really wanted to learn different ways of writing research reports particularly designing surveys, communication styles, ways of working in a team and time management skills. And indeed my experience has lived to my expectations; moreover, I have learnt CVs, personal statements and interviews, things I didn’t imagine I could learn during the course study in Ireland.

While in Ireland, I really wanted to attain presentations skills and master the effective communication processes so that I be able to relay messages in ways that the recipient finds it ...

Abstract

Technology is the production, usage, and understanding of tools, machinery, techniques, systems and organization techniques used in solving problems or performing specific task. Technologies considerably affect individuals and their ability to cope with and adjust to their environment. Use of technology started in pre historic days where humans converted natural resources into simple tools.

Modern technological advancements include the cell phone, the internet and the transport sector that help reduce physical obstacles to communication. In this paper I will focus on three technologies that have had and are continuing to have impact on individuals. They include the internet, ...

Communication principles and misconceptions

As a newly married couple, it is important for each of you to understand the basic principles of interpersonal communication. Peter and Rose, communication is irreversible. Once one of you says something to his or her partner, it is not possible to take it back. The impact of what is initially said remains in the mind of the partner in an inventible way. This is why it is important for a married couple to think before saying hurting words out of anger. Abuses and arrogance should get no place in marriage context since the partner may forgive you, but the initial hurt will be hard to forget. This principle calls for patience between the couple such that they should always ensure that they do not act of anger, and they do not say something hurtful out of impatience (Rotella, 2001).

Peter and Rose, another vital principle of communication is one that states that communication is contextual. Interpersonal communication takes place in various contexts such as psychological context, relational context, situational context, environmental context and cultural context (Saito, 1989). Psychological context refers to ones’ needs, personality and values that may arise during a conversation. Relational context refers to your reaction in relation to your partner while situational context is the psychosocial location of the persons involved in the conversation. Environmental context is the location and time of the people who are communicating, and cultural context refers to the rules, beliefs and values that have been learned by the people communicating. These contexts of communication must be considered in order for people to understand each other during conversations.
It is absolutely vital for you, Peter and Rose, to understand that communication is inescapable. This principle states that it is not possible for two people not to communicate, either through words or otherwise (Rotella, 2001). It is possible for Peter to keep quiet and assume that he is not communicating to Rose; however, he may be passing a lot of communication through facial expressions, gestures and other forms of body languages. This is why a husband should be cautious of which body-language message he passes to his wife and vice versa.

As much as communication seems simple to many people, it is crucial for you, Peter and Rose, to understand that communication is complex. According to Saito, (1989), in every form of communication, there are six hidden persons involved. For example, whenever your are conversing, there are always six people involved; who Peter perceives he is, who Rose perceives she is, who Peter perceives Rose is, who Peter thinks Rose perceives he is, who Rose perceives Peter is and who the other person perceives you think he or she is. This shows that every communication process is complicated, and every partner must understand that people have different thoughts about any issue that they could be discussing, depending on their perceptions.

There exists a misconception about interpersonal communication, whereby people assume that interpersonal communication is a matter of common sense (Rotella, 2001). This is not true because if it were, people would not be having many problems associated with communication. Peter and Rose, please note that interpersonal communication is more than just a matter of common sense, and both of you must use significant repertoire of skills in order to make the right choices in the relationship. Make sure that you do not assume that you or your partner can communicate intuitively, since the assumption that all people intuitively know how to communicate with the others is a big misconception.
The other misconception about interpersonal communication is that it solves all problems. People can communicate effectively and show exemplary interpersonal communication-skills, but this does not guarantee that all their problems will be solved. Some people assume that the more someone communicates well, the more he or she can solve more relationship problems.

Barriers to Interpersonal Communication

Peter and Rose, it is important for couples to understand all barriers that may affect interpersonal communication. In all instances communication barriers usually affect the bridge between the sender and receiver during communication.

There are external barriers that can significantly affect interpersonal communication. These barriers include physical and environmental obstacles that interfere with effective communication by acting like distractions between two partners (Saito, 1989). In your case, you may want to want to discuss some issues but there could be external barriers such as children making noise. It is possible to avoid some forms of external barriers that you may feel are a nuisance to your conversations. For example, you can look for a quiet place where you can communicate comfortably away from external barriers.

Peter and Rose, internal barriers also cause ineffectiveness of interpersonal communication between couples. In such a case, internal barriers originate from within the communicator. In some cases, one partner may be trying to pass a message but the other one could be too involved in his or her own thoughts such that he may not understand what the partner is saying. In other cases, one partner may not be listening while the other one is talking, leading to a breakdown of communication. Boredom, stress, lack of interest may all lead to internal barriers that can make communication extremely ineffective (Saito, 1989).

Cultural differences and language differences can lead to another type of barrier known as semantic barrier. One of the partners may speak in a language or dialect that the other one may not understand, leading to a barrier in communication between the two persons. In most cases, pronunciation, vocabulary and dialect, can easily lead to lack of effective interpersonal communication between people. Cultural differences may lead to ineffectiveness of communication since one partner may not be conversant with certain things. In some cultures, there exist some taboo topics that cannot be discussed in public. If one partner starts such a topic, the other one may feel uncomfortable to participate due to cultural differences (Saito, 1989).

Assessing Personal Communication and Improving Competencies

As you settle down in marriage it will be crucial for each of you to take regular individual assessments about how you are fairing in the communication areas. According to Belmore, (2009), in communication, it is important to ensure equality such that none of you should dominate his or her participation in conversations. During conversations, a couple should allow bi-directional communication and before embarking on serious issues, it is advisable to start with less serious talk that can effectively warm up the oncoming discussion. As a newly married couple, it is good to refer to each other by names whenever you are conversing since it creates a good rapport between partners. For example, during a phone conversation, it is important to keep on using your partner’s name so as to make him or her feel appreciated and valued. Another way of increasing rapport with your partner is to ensure that you use words and statements that are courteous when you are communicating. When one starts to use courteous words in conversations, it becomes a norm that reflects well on the overall relationship.

This is why it is important for both of you; Peter and Rose, to ensure that you make a personal assessment of how often you call your partner by name and how many times you use courteous words for conversations. Also, it is good to adopt the habit of smiling when you are making conversations with your partner so that your partner can know that you are genuinely interested. Also, maintaining eye contact can help your partner to communicate without fear. Maintaining eye contact and smiling when talking with your partner can enhance levels of attentiveness and increase your partner’s self-confidence (Belmore, 2009).

In order to improve on interpersonal skills, a newly wedded couple can join a course that can ensure that you can effectively understand each other in conversations. Apart from learning through a short course, it is important for each individual to evaluate his or her communication links and come up with any problems that can be rectified for future purposes. Evaluations can ensure that both individuals continue to improve their perceptions of each other, thus making it very effective to be understood and to understand your partner. Improving your communication competencies will impact positive on your overall relationship.

Active, Critical and Empathic Listening Strategies

Peter and Rose, active listening refers to giving your partner full attention whenever he or she is communicating. In active listening, one listens with a purpose at the back of his or her mind since there has to be receiver feedback during active listening (Bodie, 2011). When one partner is talking, it is vital for the one who is listening to do so carefully and attentively so that he or she can assess the accuracy of the message. In active listening, the communicator always expects either positive or negative feedback.

In empathetic listening, partners must put themselves in their partners’ shoes. The listener must listen carefully and understand the feelings of the person who is talking. Peter and Rose, please ensure that when the need arises, you can empathize with your partner so that both of you can feel appreciated and cared for. Through empathic listening, both of you can ensure a deep ability to perceive each other’s point of view as if it were your own (Badie, 2011).

Critical listening follows the steps of active listening, but in this case, the listener must critique the message received and challenge it first before offering a response. In such a case, the listener evaluates the accuracy, utility or meaningfulness of the message received, in a critical manner. In all cases, critical listening goes hand in hand with critical thinking since whenever your partner listens critically, he must think and evaluate the message critically too before responding. According to Badie, (2011) critical listening does not imply that one partner should keep on challenging the other partner every now and then. It should be done whenever it is necessary, and the partner who is challenging the message must give his opinions and explain why he thinks his opinions are right.

How perceptions, emotions, and nonverbal expression affect interpersonal relationships.

Peter and Rose, even when you are not talking verbally, it is vital to note that non verbal expressions can speak a million words! This is why it is vital to use non verbal language in diligent manner to ensure that you do not pass on the wrong messages. Non verbal expressions involve eye contact or positioning of the body, hands and legs. For example, to gauge if your partner is attentive to what you are saying, you can easily check the eye contact. Also, the body positioning can communicate to your partner if you are nervous or relaxed during communication. Happiness, thankfulness, frustrations, anger, politeness and genuineness can be traced using non verbal expressions even when a couple is not talking verbally. Misinterpreted gestures can be rectified by ensuring that each partner is open enough to practice positive gestures as a way of developing the relationship.

Emotions play a vital role in any type of interpersonal relationship, and marriage is no exception (Wider, 2007). During conversations, a partner may use emotions either positively (happiness) or negatively (anger). When a partner speaks angrily out of anger, the other partner may feel unable to continue with a good conversation. In other cases, a partner may portray emotional outbursts that can lead to distrust, fights and fear between the couple. It is clear that emotions can make or break a relationship, and therefore, Peter and Rose, you must strive to contain your emotions as much as you can.

Perceptions, just like emotions, can easily affect your interpersonal communication negatively. Peter and Rose, different people have different perceptions about the world and the environment, and therefore, you need to understand that your partner does not necessarily share in your perceptions. For example, when Peter is talking to Rose, he must understand that Rose has different perceptions of external environment since you both share different contexts of recall, memory, stimulation and evaluation. Psychologists have always cited perceptions as one of the causes of misunderstandings among couples (Wider, 2007), since most couples do not understand that people cannot have similar perceptions.

Conclusion

I believe this letter has come at the right time, just as both of you are settling down in marriage. Unlike dating, marriage is much more serious since you will be confined in the same house; doing every activity together till death do you part. That is why interpersonal communication skills will be very effective in ensuring that your marriage heads in the right direction. Peter and Rose, ensure you are conversant with the five principles of interpersonal communication. It is also to keep away from assumptions and various misconceptions that mislead people about interpersonal communication. This letter will help you to overcome communication barriers and understand your partner in a much clearer way than before. Also, you can now understand active, empathic and critical listening and their effective applications.

References

Belmore, J. (2009). Interpersonal Communication: The Self and Perception in Communication. Online Submission.

Bodie, G. D. (2011). The Active-Empathic Listening Scale (AELS): Conceptualization and Evidence of Validity Within the Interpersonal Domain. Communication Quarterly, 59(3), 277-295.

Rotella, M., Gold, S. F., & Andriani, L. (2001). When anger hurts your relationship: 10 simple solutions for couples who fight. Publishers Weekly, 248(44), 46-46. http://search.proquest.com/docview/197058087?accountid=45049

Saito-Fukunaga, M. (1999). GENERAL SEMANTICS AND INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION. ETC: A Review Of General Semantics, 46(4), 295-298.

Wider, K. (2007). Emotional Communication and the Development of Self. Sartre Studies International, 13(2), 1-26.

A computer network or topology is how computers are connected to each other. This is the physical and logical connection of computers. The selection of a network is important for it determines the speed and efficiency of communication in the network. There are three types of networks which include the local area network (LAN), metropolitan area network (MAN) and wide area network (WAN). These are used in accordance to the size of the area. For instance the local area network is used in areas of radius not exceeding 30 miles. It is mostly used in offices and small institutions. ...

Comparison between Celoxis Project Management and Project Portfolio Management software. These are the systems that are used to manage the processes of a project. Celoxis comes out better than Project Portfolio software as there are many features that are come with it. This paper will evaluate the features of these two applications that are used to manage software.

Celoxis Project Management

In terms of operating systems, this software supports many platforms. It supports Linux Operating systems and most open source systems. Most organizations which are distributed make use of this project management software to manage their distributed networks no matter the platform ...

After the Second Industrial Revolution

The effect of fast communication technologies on International Relations after the Second Industrial Revolution (SRI) has been discussed from the point of view of learning about other people. SRI began the process of communication globalization as it exists today. The foundation for the development of new materials and technologies was laid during from approximately 1870 to 1914. The ability to communicate using reliable, efficient and fast technology has blurred nations’ borders around the world. The SIR brought a new way of packaging different materials and technologies into one important invention, the telegraph. The International Relations between nations was offered ...

There are various development processes that a child goes through as he grows up. Through this development process, the children develop a form of communication as well as a language that they can best communicate in. this essay looks at various aspects of child development, and it is expected to shed more light on the development issues.

1. According to Plowden Report (1967, p. 2), language is the media through which people or other living beings use to relay information from one point to another. It is a way through which people pass on their ideas to others in ...

I would like to give you a brief of barriers that may exist in group communication, techniques to overcome those barriers and enhance group communication and the role of conflict in effective group communication drawn from my personal and workplace experience of learning Team members.The first barrier to effective group communication is filtering information. Filtering occurs when a sender deliberately manipulates information so that the receiver ...

Introduction

Communication is the process by which information is conveyed or transferred from a source to a recipient. The process usually involves conveying useful information between two parties (Berlo, 1960). Each of the communicating parties must have a way to understand the information. In communication, there is a medium by which the information is sent or encoded so as to ensure that both parties are conversant with the information exchange mode. In short, communication usually requires a common language for it to be effective. This means that a difference in language (language barrier) can cause a serious problem in communication ( ...

Memorandums are used for internal communication between employees in a given department, across departments, or to management in a single organization. The main purpose of a memo is making staff aware of and solving problems facing an organization. The tactics used in writing memorandums resemble those of other forms of written business communication. The tactics for writing memorandum differ depending on the targeted audience. This paper discusses ways in which an accounting memo, which is an informal memo, sent to me and my peers should be reviewed before sending it to the executive vice president.

First, the memo needs ...

Trenholm (2008) explains that television can be an important tool for spreading messages from the dominant group in a culture to other groups (305). Now this can be done to households all over the world Messages can be sent about how people should keep their house, what their kitchens should like, and what the receiver (the audience) should wear. All this is being done while the audience thinks the only thing that is happening is entertainment. The messages aren’t sent like a lesson plan that (a) you should wear stilettos ...

The purpose of this memorandum is to answer to the memorandum previously received Re: Need assistance in setting process and ground rules for a virtual team. It is understood that the company is creating virtual teams across the eight regions for both finance and operations managers. As agreed upon, each of the teams will be composed of nine members where each is expected to come up with a project plan on the span of ten weeks.

Though the company has a solid project management methodology, it is a neophyte when it comes ...

In Edmund Wilson's "The Historical Interpretation of Literature," Wilson attempts to demonstrate the means by which literature is interpreted in its "historical" sense - the sociopolitical and economic worlds of a literary work. Throughout the essay, he notes the history of this kind of criticism, which goes back all the way to the Enlightenment - investigating the historical components of a story allows the reader to bring further context to these works. The use of historical interpretation is a very strong and powerful method of gleaning meaning from a work - "The experience of mankind on the earth is ...

Towards a Newer Laocoon

Every single art can have a dominant role. If a particular artwork seems to be more dominating than most of the other artworks, that particular artwork could be a prototype that other artists could use in developing their art. This is what typically happens no matter how much an artist may deny it. They usually adopt ideas from other artist, use them as prototype and make their own ideas and then apply such to their own artworks. Although some characteristics could be imitated, it could still be called unique. The cycle goes on and on until a new generation ...

A group is defined as people who share similar attitudes, interests and produce objective results. There are various groups. Sports group was the last group I participated in. Characteristically, it was a good group. Apart from having candid unity of purpose, group members also had equal freedom of contribution and listening. These typify qualities of a good group (Earley, 2001). Also, every member knew his/her roles and treated group objectives with utmost importance. Members used good communication skills. To attain the objectives, the group shared responsibilities. These considerations made it a good group.

The qualities I consider when choosing ...

Each strong company, strong army, strong country and a strong sports team is a reflection of a strong professional leadership and team work of individuals. In order to maintain good working environment, it is important to nurture good relationships within the group and support communication. Organizations look for employees who can relate effectively to other people (Beebe, Redmond, 2011).

According to DeVito (2009), there are three types of relationships in the workplace: romance, mentoring and networking. The context of workplace relationships is influenced by culture of the organization and some already established rules. Romantic relationships pertain to office romances, ...

Part 1: Interpersonal Communication; Business Communication and the Workplace

One of the first things I must realize if I want to work harmoniously with everyone is that there is rarely one “right answer.” Perhaps one of my ideas will turn out to be the best one for the team, but it is just as likely that someone can come up with a better one. Maybe my idea, when combined with someone else’s will be the best one.

Therefore, in order to adapt to the style of my coworkers who like to brainstorm solutions aloud and share observations with ...

Role of news media in formulating US foreign policy

Arguably, news media play a tremendous role in the formulation of US foreign policy. Media is involved in various stages and process of foreign policy formulation. In fact, political leaders involved in foreign policy formation consider media in international and national aspects. As a matter of fact, news media are a source of image, information and knowledge to the public; hence, it develops a good environment of opinion. News media also determines and reports on the issue that American people feel are of importance in formulating countries foreign policy. Additionally, ...

In the 21st century, the world has tremendously become advanced in various sectors. Perhaps, the most improving and ever growing sector is the information and communication technology. ICT has affected entire human activities such as economic, political and social. Some of the information and communication technology that has affected political socialization include text messaging, twitter, facebook, as well as internet. In fact, Information and communication technology in the contemporary society has affected political socialization immensely especially in developed democracies. Political socialization refers to a process by which orientation of citizens are transmitted, and conditioned by shifts in social, economic ...

I was about ten years old when I first noticed that communication was important to me. My best friend and I spent one whole summer talking to each other with cordless Walkie Talkies. We didn’t see much of each other in person but we did communicate. We had all the ingredients necessary for good communication: a sender, a receiver and a way for our voices to reach each other. I call the communication we had ‘good, effective communication’ because we had fun and we laughed a lot. I’m not sure that we understood the words we were ...

Sensory information is accurate, but the interpretation of sensory information is unreliable and biased. While senses were traditionally considered passive mechanisms, it is now evident that the interpretation of information received through the senses is an active mechanism based on inherited traits and past experiences. Several factors, both internal and external, influence perception, and those factors are always subjective because all individuals possess different internal traits and experience different external events. Sensory information cannot be accurate and reliable because it depends on individual factors for interpretation and evaluation.

A sensory organ will always receive sensory input objectively, but the ...

Frame relay

Frame relay is method of network transmission whereby the frame is designed to operate in virtually error-less circuits. This protocol is stripped down to enhance transmission speed. The method operates in a manner that network layer of the OSI model is created and the routing process and multiplexing roles is performed by itself and hands over everything else to the levels higher in the network transmission hierarchy.

Frame relay omits the former roles such as sequential ordering, window rotation, acknowledgement of frames, and automated retransmission in case of failure so as to focus on the fundamental ...

A great leader carries certain distinctive traits that make him stand different from other people. Leaders are good in influencing the mind of other people and give them a direction to move. Leaders are visionary and innovative hence they know what is needed to be achieved and how that can be achieved. They provide solutions in a crisis situation with the help of their vision and innovative ideas. They know how to handle and act in un-common or odd circumstances. Good leaders are always expected to take a right decision when it is required. Good leaders always provide benefit ...

In very simple terms communication can be defined as information transmission or an exchange of ideas between parties (assuming that the message is received and fully understood). However, a more detailed definition of communication can be given with consideration to the purpose and the framework of the communication process. Although current technology level has expanded the notion of communication far beyond a face-to-face conversation, the empirical evidence has demonstrated that personal contact significantly enhances dialogue between the parties, while all the technology-driven communication means, such e-mails and phones, remain inferior compared to discussing in person.

This factor had a ...

I. Introduction

Courses are not only meant to impart knowledge on the learner but should also be formulated in a way that they allow the learner to be a position to meet set objectives and goals. Most of the nursing courses that I have gone through are mostly class based. From this kind of set up there are the set goals and objectives by the class instructor as well as my personal goals that I work hard to meet. One thing that is important to understand is that I do not consider a course as being a success if ...

Virtual teams rarely meet face-to-face and must rely on technology to communicate effectively (Roebuck & McKenney, 2006). Team members must communicate completely with each other for the virtual team to succeed. The following communication mediums are suggested to improve communication among virtual teams: e-mailing, teleconferencing, and videoconferencing. E-mail (electronic mail) is the most widely used form of written communication that is replacing the traditional paper memo. E-mail allows employees to communicate globally at virtually any time and any place. Teleconferencing is the simplest infrastructure for supporting a virtual team that allows tow or more people at different locations to have ...

Cultural differences pose a major hurdle to international businesses, especially when negotiating business deals. Problems such as culturally-based misconceptions and unfamiliarity on both sides of the negotiating teams can be easily worked out with an in-depth research into each other’s culture, assimilating them and putting the findings to use on the negotiating table; such that a business negotiation between a Japanese businessman and his American counterpart will be fruitful.

A Japanese writer once described American negotiators as hard to understand, because ''they are not racially or culturally homogeneous''. Although it is not easy to define any cultural or ...

The case involves a communication process carrying a descriptive explanation of characteristics that would improve the messages including the descriptions of the purpose, environment, sender, receiver, technology, technology, feedback and noise. The author has written a B2B message to ABC Company asking to establish a relationship with Company XYZ.

Three Business to Business Messages that we will take for analysis are:

1. ABC Company asks to create a working relationship with XYZ Company
2. XYZ Company reverts back denies the working relationship. Reason: Credit & Prices (Financial Reasons)
3. ABC responds to the doubts / objections reassuring XYZ that they will be taken care of& how.

Let’s begin with the Communication process for the first message:

Since the “Purpose” is clear & ...

Communication involves connections, the way of interacting, relating and mostly handling the way information is exchanged from one place to another. Technological evolution has made communication as a whole to have many options, with various advancements that have enabled many things to be done just in a simple way. In the past, people believed only in face to face learning but today, it’s possible to offer lectures in the comfort of your home, have a degree programme online and most importantly attend or lecture in big halls with the help of projectors. Today assignments and hand outs are ...

As a middle level manager, I am responsible to handle the Networking Team of the Information Technology department. The team consists of 20 members and is a mix of technology graduates and diploma holders. The communication within the team is a two-way communication however usually as a manager; I am the initiation of the communication.
The readers of the memo are supposed to be the employees of the same company and therefore as an individual’s we all are a part of the organization we are working for and as employees we are all alike, however ...

Question # 1:

The right to free expression is a very important thing in a society - many of society's or an individual's ends are met through this right. Mill states that "To have a right, then, is, I conceive, to have something which society ought to defend me in the possession of. If the objector goes on to ask, why it ought? I can give him no other reason than general utility" (Utilitarianism, 1861). As a result, it can be inferred that rights are generally useful to the individuals who receive them, including the right to freely express oneself.

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Letter formats

Sooner or later each person faces a necessity to write a letter. No matter what type of letter you are going to write, it has to be effective and correct. From one point of view, it makes a process of writing letters rather tedious. However, it is not exactly so and if you know core rules of writing letters and understand basic letter formats, writing a letter will not turn into a challenge. That is why in terms of this speech, we would like to discuss a variety of letter formats and their peculiarities.

When you decide to write ...

Telephones, fax machines and email have all made office communication faster and easier. At the same time, they have dealt a big blow to interpersonal, informal forms of communication. Email tends to be formal, telephone calls are normally short, perfunctory and scripted and opportunities for informal conversations over projects are rarer. Meetings cannot be held daily to facilitate brainstorming, and many companies are realizing that something valuable may be lost.

Informal interactions give opportunities for people to bounce ideas off of each other and solicit for personal opinions in a low pressure environment. Outside of formal meetings, outside of ...

1. Why did the union react as it did when it discovered that the flower garden had been planted by the children? What were the possible justifications for the union action?

The union’s reaction to the newly planted flower garden can be attributed to the improper communication between Parks arid Recreation Department employees and the community. The workers assumed that the garden was going to become their responsibility, thus their daily tasks will be increased without the union’s consent. This fact has been the reason for the prohibitive practices complaint, filed by the union members. Their concern ...