Essays on Interpretation

Statutory interpretation is the process by which courts and judges give meaning to enacted legislation and consequently apply it to a particular case. In the English as well as the Wales legal system, the doctrine of separation of powers prevails whereby Parliament is the supreme law maker. The Executive is charged with the responsibility of implementing the legislation as passed by Parliament while the Judiciary is the final arbiter which interprets legislation as enacted by Parliament. Thus, in tandem with the doctrine of separation of powers, the courts must keep within their ambit and ensure they do not arrogate ...

A well-regulated militia, being necessary to a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. Second Amendment to the Constitution of the United States.

Winkler, A. 2007. Scrutinizing the Second Amendment. Michigan Law Review, 105.

Winkler analyzed the individual-rights view to gun ownership and its challenge in court citing the Second Amendment and surmised that the individual-rights view would survive challenges in most states. There are forty-two states that recognize the right of its citizens to bear arms and when their laws are challenged in court they rely on the reasonable ...

The image shows a lone Jewish settler struggling against the Israeli Anti-riot police in the wake of riots against the forceful eviction of settlers in this site to the east of the town of Ramallah. Pulitzer Award winning Israeli documentary photographer Oded Balilty captures this moment in the event, in the politics of Israeli. Oded Balilty is a photographer working with Associated Press and captured this event in the wake of eviction of settlers in this Israeli township, sanctioned by the Israeli high court (PRODIG, par 4). Photographs serve many roles in life. Social, political, informative the messages that ...

Figure of Usnisha VijayaCast copper alloy(bronze?) with gilding, pigment and inlaid with semi-precious stonesCentimetres: 41.2 (height), 31.7 (width)18th century ADArea of Origin: TibetSir Christopher Ondaatje South Asian GalleryThe George Crofts Collection918.39.4.ADescription Ushnisha-vijaya is a peaceful white deity and an emanation of Vairochana Buddha, whose transcendent wisdom reveals the realm of highest reality. In her hands she holds a double vajra, representing the male aspect of compassion. The shape of the vajra – two identical ends bound by an unbreakable core – reflects the diamond-hard nature of the Buddha’s mind. She is known as the long-life deity. This deity ...

Mayasa Abualsaud

COMM 1312 206 Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University Abstract The principle objective of this study is to determine various kinds of dreams and how they come to be. It covers the aspect of dreams as a consequence of the process of thinking. It also takes a deeper look into the interpretation of dreams as well as various interesting facts about dreams. The method used in collecting data from respondents is by use of questionnaires. This information will then undergo a descriptive analysis and the results epitomized in tables, graphs, as well as charts. The results from this study will ...

Similarities between ethnographic and phenomenological research methods

Both ethnographic and phenomenological methods are non-experimental, qualitative and descriptive (Osborne, 1994). Data analysis and interpretation is done in a similar manner and can be very difficult since data has to be organized, transcribed, synthesized and coded. This process is often very tedious and time consuming (Osborne, 1994).

Differences between ethnographic and phenomenological research methods

In ethnographic research, the researcher seeks to understand and describe shared cultural and social experiences of a certain group. He/she will live among the culture under observation so as to fully understand the culture they are observing. Phenomenology involves research based on the fact that there are numerous ways to interpret ...

Introduction

One of Paul’s letters to the Church, the Romans epistle has for the past two millennia been elaborated upon by the Church in connection with prevailing circumstances. This is because the change in times has shed light upon issues that are relevant to respective generations. Various theological authors over time did indeed come up with their own interpretation of the Apostle Paul’s letter to the Roman people. Some of these authors were labeled rebels as a result of their interpretation attempt to explain sensitive issues about Christ’s Church and as a result had their works labeled ‘ ...

Template matching theory best characterizes human performance. Typically, different people will interpret situations differently depending templates stored in their minds. Normally, people experience varied situations that require certain response. Arguably, the nature of response that a person would give would depend on existing templates in the brain concerning the same. For example, when a person receives any instruction, he has to interpret the instruction before acting in the direction required by that instruction. Largely, human life entails receiving instructions, and interpreting and expressing the needful. In a class setting, the teacher would raise a question to the class; the ...

Historically, communication has been a vital process in human existent. The mode of communication depends entirely on the environment and the circumstances around an individual. The use of images to communicate a message to people has been classified as one of the effective modes of communication. However, the meaning of an image depends on the ability of an individual to interpret the image and deduce a constructive meaning from it. Nowadays, images are used in almost every advert that we come across. This is evident from all sectors of life ranging from business, health, sports, education, entertainment, religion and ...

The cosmos is a vast super structure consisting of planets, stars, contents of intergalactic space, subatomic particles, matter and energy. It is approximately forty six billion light years in radius. The universe was formed 13 billion years ago, when the Planck epoch expanded causing the Big Bang explosion. It is governed by laws and constants that determine the position and the interactions of objects in the universe. Cosmologists argue that the universe has been expanding since its formation. The Big Bang model of the universe, the universe will begin to crumble in the phase, scientists refer to as the ...

Art & Architecture: Frank Lloyd Wright, Glasner House, Glencoe, 1905 (Formalist Interpretation)

The interpretation or criticism of any work gives a new insight as it needs a thorough research with external as well as internal factors. One cannot interpret architecture same as the interpretation of drawing, painting or sculpture. It needs a completely different approach. This paper is about the interpretation of a residential building Glasner House, which was built in the beginning of the 20th century. The building was a residential architecture planned and developed by creative American architect Frank Lloyd Wright. The architecture was one of the specimens of typical Prairie house. It was the symbol of the changing ...

If we are going to search for the final answer of life, it means that we are searching for the purpose of our existence, for the meaning of life. The inquiry regarding the purpose of the life on Earth has been a central topic in our history. It is considered to be an insightful metaphysical inquiry. It is a problem that can affect everyone in upon inquiry in whichever aspect. Answers about the meaning of life can be ‘happiness’, ‘love’ or ‘to live truthfully’. However, if we are going to answer the question metaphysically, we should involve some philosophical ...

The article „World of Tomorrow“ by Stuart Davis is about a Davis's description of the 1939 New York World's Fair. He expressed his view on it in Harper's Bazaar. His gouache on paper called Impression of the New York World's Fair, 1939. was in the magazine in February 1939. The size of the gouache is 32,4 x 56 cm. It predicts the future, which was not known at the time. America's world's fair was meant to show in which direction the nation was headed and how they would prosper. The whole nation was eager to see the economical ...

In “Depatriatchalizing Biblical Interpretation,” Phyllis Trible attests that at first glance the Women’s Liberation Movement and Hebrew Scriptures have little in common. However, she does give convincing arguments to the contrary. Her personal search to find a way to understand the Scriptures without undermining her involvement in the Women’s Liberation Movement has yielded much food for thought. Myth plays an important and powerful role in the daily lives of people, whether or not they realize it. Since the interpretation of the Bible affects so many people, it makes Trible’s efforts seem less trivial. One of theme ...

Smith: The Pharisees, Jesus, holiness and compassion

As noted by Smith, “Politically, the position of the Jews during Jesus’ time was desperate” (321). Among the four Jewish sects, the Pharisees were the most adamant, if not organized, about revitalizing their status, and that of Judaism, under Roman rule. Like the Essenes and Zealots, the Pharisees sought the intervention of Yahweh to turn their fortunes. Their approach was to adhere to a strict interpretation of the holiness code under Mosaic law. As they saw it, recognizing Yahweh’s majestic holiness was the pathway to the revitalization of Judaism. In positioning Jesus within the historical context, it is ...

It cannot be denied that the medium of graphic novel has become one of the most quintessential vehicles of modern thought. What once were considered books aimed at children and teenagers, with highly sexualized content and appealing to the prurient and childish tastes of its consumers, comics have evolved into a legitimate art form studied in university classrooms and lecture halls around the world. Alan Moore’s Watchmen (1987), for example, provided a post-modern commentary on the nature of superheroes, the evils of capitalism, and the futility of the war in Vietnam. The Dark Knight Returns (1986), written by ...

AND TORRES STRAIT ISLANDER WOMEN

Question 1: Parameters of the Research The topic selected for this research is “The rates of incarceration of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women.” The researcher’s interest in this topic stems from the fact that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are over-represented in the Australian Criminal Justice system (NATSILS 2013). In particular, they are incarcerated at a rate fourteen times higher than non-Aboriginal and Torres Islander peoples (NATSILS 2013). According to statistics (NATSILS 2013), the incarceration rate of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men increased by 35% in 2010 while the incarceration rate for Aboriginal and Torres ...

Tax Research Project 2

Introduction: In 1976, Congress amended the tax law to include Section 280A (Lawyer, 1985) in the Internal Revenue Code. Congress’ reason for the amendment was due to concerns that people were renting out their vacation homes so that they could deduct personal expenses that would not, under normal circumstances, be deductible (Lawyer, 1985). Section 280A required vacation home owners to assign expenses connected with the vacation home either to personal use or rental use. Congress apparently hoped that Section 280A would limit or control the business deductibles for expenses sustained on a vacation home during the tax year when ...

The Bible has been interpreted differently by numerous sects and religious groups who claims to be the true religion. While there has been no actually proof or evidence on the authenticity of these claims made by these groups, the Bible remains to be the most translated book in history. In fact, a total of 2,817 translations of the Bible is available. 513 of these translations is accounted for the whole Bible while the New Testament has been translated to over 1,294 languages . The process of translating the Bible can perhaps be credited for the different interpretation. Misrepresentation ...

The “Spirit of the Place” gives meaning or essence to a particular place or creation (Graves and Poraj-Wilczynska, 2009). The spirit of the place pertains to the intangible elements of the creation that adds meaning to its tangible elements. Being intangible, the spirit of the place may be interpreted differently by different individuals; hence, a single work of art may instigate different feelings or essences depending on the persons looking at it. In other words, while the tangible elements of the place or object remain unchangeable through time, the interpretation or the feeling derived from it does change, because ...

Question 1: Anthropology

Introduction The word “Paleolithic” means the “old stone age.” The late upper Paleolithic period began about 40,000 years ago, lasting through the Pleistocene ice age, which is believed to have ended around 8,000 B.C. Upper Paleolithic art was first discovered in Aurignac (Dordogne, France). Expert archeologist have documented that the geography of upper Paleolithic art spans through Eurasia and Siberia. Some of the notable characteristics of Paleolithic art include engraved limestone blocks, parietal art, human and animal figurines. For engraved blocks, characteristics include deep incisions, stiff outlines, sexual symbols represented realistically, animal heads, and dorsal quarters. This ...

INTRODUCTION

Perception is the exposure of the world within us that includes both the weather and environmental behavior and performance towards these weather updates. Therefore, the causes for precision of the sensory information are perception, interpretation and knowledge.Reasons for Accuracy or Inaccuracy of sensory information It’s truly known that human beings senses start working from the time of birth for instance, small born babies do have the sense to touch, grasp, sensitivity, listen and smell when they are born. Despite the fact that these senses don’t grow at once, they continue rapidly developing by the age of one ...

Screening for Tuberculosis is one of the most challenging, yet an imperative practice for enhancing community health. The article presents various recommendations for improving the screening procedure for the tuberculosis. Initially, the article highlights that a standard for determination of which migrant populations should be screened should be established across the nations. Furthermore, more nations should adopt the two-step approach in the screening process to back-up the one-step approach widely used. All screening programs also should be based at standardized interpretation of the results in order to limit the errors that occur due to a large number of interpreters. ...

- Salesman interpretation. The salesman is not right that the price of the printers is reduced by 50%. The salesman is not using percentages correctly because he does not consider that the second reduction was 20% of the reduced price. Percentages are a fraction of the price. The price changes after the first reduction. Therefore, the second reduction should be done at the already reduced price. The salesman makes a mistake by adding up the percentage (20 + 30) making him conclude that the percentage reduction is 50 %. The calculations would result in a total reduction of 50% of the ...

There are different types of nonverbal communication techniques and processes used in daily communication. These include and not limited to the following; first, there is the facial expressions that form the highest proportion of nonverbal communication. Secondly is the use of gestures; involving the use of signs without words. Thirdly are the posture and the movement of the body. Fourth include the appearance, such as the color of clothes, hairstyles, etc. and lastly the use of haptic i.e. touching.

Cultural differences in nonverbal communication

Nonverbal communication differs significantly from one culture to another. These differences are entrenched in the basic usages and interpretation of ...

The government of the United Kingdom is composed of three branches. The three branches are the executive, the legislature and the judiciary. The nexus of these three branches of government lies in their positions vis a vis the law. The legislature is tasked with formulating the laws, the executive with executing the law and the judiciary with the task of interpreting the law. This submission will be seeking to dwell on the Judiciary’s function of interpreting the law. The submission will be specifically focusing on the various approaches, rules and other assistance which members of the judiciary use ...

Thesis: there is no objective right and wrong because people never agree about what is right and wrong.

Most people in the contemporary world claim to be moral relativists. They proclaim that what is right for one person may not necessary be right for another person. The interpretation of right and wrong has been a matter of debate that has really attracted the attention and interest of many philosophers. There are no objective or absolute moral principles. All moral principles are subject to one’s interpretation and are highly affected by an individual’s background as well as culture. The way we live, the verdicts we make when other people are mistreated and our behavior reveal what ...

Establishing whether human senses and sensory data can be relied on in providing an accurate view of the world is highly controversial. This is because human senses often have the potential of providing accurate interpretation of our environment. Similarly, human senses present some detrimental weaknesses that affect their ability in the interpretation of sensory data. The paper examines the reliability of the human senses and interpretation of sensory information.

Reasons for Believing in the Accuracy of Sensory Data

The first the rationale for believing in accuracy of sensory information is based on the process through which humanity perceives experiences. Barth, Patrizia, & Klein, (2011) identifies perception as a sensory ...

Essay on the Discussion Forum of Business

The rule of interpretation that I agree with the most is the interpretation of the contract against the drafter. Interpretation of contract could occasion a legal lacuna only solved by a court of competent jurisdiction. For this reason, the law requires that contracts be as detailed as possible and that drafters employ the simplest terms in the documentation. In addition, courts are often keen to ensure the concept of fair bargaining is practiced in contracting. My argument is influenced by the general need to practice fairness. Often it is required of a drafter of a contract to as specific ...

Introduction

Stephen and Walter tries to explain in details how the theoretical accounts of intentions will always go wrong. They go further in taking an analysis based on a very influential account to discuss the role played by interpretative assumptions or beliefs towards literary criticism. They think that belief and intention are very vital in theoretical enterprise and their arguments clearly depict how they are against theory. They claims that, “If we are right, then the whole enterprise of critical theory is misguided and should be abandoned.” The first part of the article discusses the meaning and intention of a ...

Summary:

The text is all about the interpretation of what can be obtained from artistic work. The work of art tells more beyond just mere pictures, this is one of the reasons as to why it is used in literature to deliver information and meaning into the society. The text thus addresses the fact that the hidden meaning in artistic work can be obtained prior to the effect of human knowledge and experience with artistic work. Talking notes is a phrase used to depict the capability of an artistic work says a statue to deliver intended information as if to ...

Interpretation of the Bible Using the Various Types of Critical Disciplines.

Introducing the old Testament Exgesis of the Biblle, The word ‘Bible’ originates from the Greek word ‘ta biblia’ wchich means a collection of many books put together as a cyclopedia. This fits the Bible because it is a collection of many books especially in the Old Testament. This shows that the word ‘Bible’ well chosen. It was written by many authors inspired by the holy Spirit The Bible is the revelation of God himself and many Christians believe that God communicates to them through reading the Bible. The bible is the source of wisdom for many. The aim of ...

Introduction

Hermeneutics refers to a theory of text interpretation that is mainly concerned with interpretation of wisdom literature, as well as philosophical texts. It is an extremely wide filed as it is concerned with various disciplines such as verbal, nonverbal and written communication. In the modern world, hermeneutics has become extremely useful. It has become an extremely significant tool in the study of human sciences. It has also had extensive influence to the main languages on earth. However, it has been challenged as most reliable research approach by the existence of other methods such as positivists approach defined as the ...

The dream with which I used the Dream Dictionary involved the one I saw myself besides a calm river. I was sitting besides the river relaxing and later decided to cross the river in order to get to a city across the river, which I never did. This was because as I tried crossing the river, the bridge all over sudden disappeared, and it was in that shock that I woke up. Dream Dictionary indicated that seeing such a dream is an indication that one is going with the flow. It means that one is allowing life to flow ...

In Chapter 19, “Processes of Quantitative Data Analysis and Interpretation,” the steps taken in analyzing quantitative data are described. In the preanalysis phase, the raw data is checked, software is selected for analysis, and data is entered and verified into a computer. In the preliminary assessments phase, missing values are troubleshot, data quality and bias are assessed. In the preliminary actions phase, the required transformations and recodings are performed as well as other peripheral analyses. In the principal analyses phase, the actual statistical analysis takes place, whether descriptive, bivariate or multivariate, and the post hoc tests are also administered. ...

Description of What Was Seen

One had the opportunity to visit the Frist Center for the Visual Arts which is located in 919 Broadway, Nashville, Tennessee. One of the featured exhibits was the ARTini: Vik Muniz: Garbage Matters which enticed one’s interest due to the artist’s decision to use discarded used materials, more commonly known as junk and garbage, as his medium of artistic expression. Thus, one got to appreciate the Brazilian artist’s various renditions of Pictures of Junk and Pictures of Garbage which were reported to have been created through meticulously gathering, selecting, arranging discarded materials to form aesthetic works ...

Introduction

Microanalysis of communication defines demonstrative communication as a mechanism of sending and receiving of information through a common system of symbols, behavior and signs. This shows that, it includes the non verbal and unwritten communication. These microanalysis researches continue to statistically indicate that the whole communication process is comprised of two thirds non verbal while the rest is verbal (Burgoon et al, 1996). The historical background of this form of communication dates back with the scientific scholars such as Charles Darwin and Ray Birdwhistell. Darwin, in his book “Expressions of Emotions in Man and Animals” indicate that facial expression ...

It is easy to see the beauty in classical ballet, and understanding the meaning of classical ballet pieces is merely a matter of understanding the language of classical ballet; upon becoming knowledgeable about the language of classical ballet, the wide repertoire of ballets opens up and becomes accessible to the individual. Modern ballets are often much less accessible, even to the initiated and to those who are deeply familiar with the conventions of ballet and dancing. William Forsythe was one of the premier choreographers of the last fifty years; his productions are complex and varied, often leaving the audience ...

Introduction

A lot about who we are is due to our sensory perceptions. Our actions and inactions are determined by the information processed in our brains. This information is input through the sensory pathway. It is through this way that we connect to the physical world. Many scholars have argued that that which is not first in the senses is not in the mind. Nonetheless, the importance of sensory perceptions in shaping who we are individually does not vouch for their accuracy or inaccuracy. Sensory perceptions are not always accurate as evidenced by incorrect interpretations of the sensory data input ...

Abstract

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is a Clause statute. Its main aim is to guarantee that all children with a disability access free and appropriate public education. Each district is given the mandate to create a specialised education program for each child with a disability. An individual and a county have to satisfy certain requirements to obtain funds from the Education for all Handicapped Children board. The petitioner Amy Rowley demanded this hearing after being denied a sign interpreter in her regular classrooms in Furnace Woods. Keywords: Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, special education, disability, individualised education ...

Arguably, the basis of many disciplines is based on theories and the interpretation of theories. Sigmund Freud is one of the well known theorists, who came up with many theories and its interpretations. One of the famous theories of Sigmund Freud is The Interpretation of Dreams. The interpretation of dreams is a theory that goes in line with the theory of the unconscious. In reality, dreams can be baffling and fascinating, a situation that has made a lot of psychologists have much interest on it. In fact, in the work of Sigmund Freud on issues of dreams has led ...

As I entered the theatre I was quite on the edge feeling very much enthused by the wonderful music that was on offer. The choice of repertoire was indeed varied and included several pieces by a wide variety of composers ranging from the baroque to the modern. I took my seat and waited for the soprano and pianist to make their exit on to the stage brimming with anticipation. Ayodele Cambell, a young but very promising soprano started off the evening with a fine rendition of Parisotti’s aria ‘Se tu m’ami, mi sospiri’. She was also very ...

As I entered the theatre I was quite on the edge feeling very much enthused by the wonderful music that was on offer. The choice of repertoire was indeed varied and included several pieces by a wide variety of composers ranging from the baroque to the modern. I took my seat and waited for the soprano and pianist to make their exit on to the stage brimming with anticipation. Ayodele Cambell, a young but very promising soprano started off the evening with a fine rendition of Parisotti’s aria ‘Se tu m’ami, mi sospiri’. She was also very ...

What is the difference between Zinn, Johnson, and the Consensus interpretation of the Civil War? Include an analysis of Abraham Lincoln. What evidence does each use? Critique each one. Which is superior and why? The main difference between Zinn and Johnson in that their interpretation of the Civil War relates precisely to what is considered to be the central issue of the war, slavery. While both Zinn and Johnson praise the morality of abolitionists, Zinn does not believe that the North was really concerned about the plight of slaves, and instead focuses more on the inequality that had been ...

Introduction

Advertisements and media information is developed to communicate certain information and appeal to potential customers, and existing customer. However, the meanings of such advertisements and media differ across individuals depending on how people read the signs and the background of such advertisements. Therefore, advertisements signs can be said to be polysemic, which means that such signs have different interpretations. The analysis of an advertisement can be done through textual analysis or through semiotics. Textual analysis can be defined as the making of an educated guess and making different varying interpretations on a certain text on an advertisement. On the ...

Through his theory, Fredrick Jameson presents the notion of postmodernism as an extension of modernism. He argues that, it is essential for the society to adopt postmodernism largely not as a style but rather as a context of cultural dominance. He believed that postmodernism was the major movement responsible for the control of our world popular culture. Fredrick Jameson diligently reiterated that any sustained commitments with utopia would end up bringing us back to the discredited concept of totality itself through our postmodernism imaginations. The utopia, as Jameson explains, is the dream deep inside a human being that can ...

"Now is the winter of our discontent / Made glorious summer by this sun [or son] of York".

Richard III is an important play in the Shakespeare canon since it depicts the dangers of hubris and nemesis by leaders who are crazed with power. My reading and interpretation of the play is focused on the American Presidency which will feature a particular President as Richard III who will do his utmost to usurp power and will use every single method in the book to get to his goal. It is an interpretation based on the utter ruthlessness of a dictator who brooks no qualms about destroying the social order of the country to achieve his own selfish ...

How did you score? According to the test, I received the following results:

Strengths - You feel that your own desires are as important as others (Queendom, 2013). - You are not aggressive when you are assertive (Queendom, 2013).

Potential Strengths

- You are somewhat assertive (Queendom, 2013). - Sometimes you take the initiative to speak up in your own behalf (Queendom, 2013). . - You are somewhat able to be assertive with people who are opinionated (Queendom, 2013).

Limitations

- You avoid being in a vulnerable position (Queendom, 2013). Are you surprised by the results? No, am I not surprised by the results. I have been working on being more assertive (Queendom, 2013).

Do you agree with the interpretation of your score?

Yes, I ...

What are the possible interpretations of the title of Langston Hughes’ poem “Cross,” and how do these interpretations affect the way we read the poem? There are many possible interpretations for the title “Cross” of this poem. One interpretation is about the speaker’s anger that he is of a mixed racial descent. He is a “cross breed” between a white and a black race. The speaker is undergoing an identity crisis. Another possible interpretation of the “cross” is that the speaker considers being a product of a mixed race a cross or a burden. He probably considers himself ...

Although symbolic interactionism offers an adequate understanding of social interaction, its failure to investigate common sense reasoning' is a serious omission Social interactions in society are made possible because of different symbols that are universally acceptable. It is this reason that makes it possible to use common sense to attach a given symbol to a specific meaning. It is easy to associate the nodding of the head with a positive answer or ‘yes’ as an answer to acceptance (Turner 2006: 211). Symbolic interaction therefore means a lot in regard to communication and interaction Symbolic interactionism theory focuses mainly on ...

Introduction

Cubism refers to a style of art that emphasize and stress on the abstract structure other than other pictorial elements .It displays and demonstrate many aspects of one object at the same time as well as fragmentation of the of the same object. This artistic style involves the use of paints and sculptures as well as movements in music and architecture. The use three-dimensional structures lead to cubism. This style does not base only in the traditional works but it gathers inspiration from all cultures of the world. Most works of art in cubism were done buy Picasso, Juan ...

With so much slender, grace and beauty, magnificence, and effortlessness starts the Genesis explanation of Creation. However, an examination of Genesis chapter 1 is not really as easy and direct as an interpretation that would seem to be quite comfortable. Modern recognizing of biblical cosmogony (meaning understanding of how it started) in Genesis 1can be viewed by a group of experts as being extremely complicated, divided among the literal and the non-literal. This paper will concisely explain some of the interpretations, and then evaluate all of them in the information of the biblical information. Those that are scholars, who ...

According to Poggenpoel & Myburgh (2009), qualitative meta-synthesis is a type of research method that is aimed at the interpretation of similar phenomena in order to contribute to knowledge development. Similarly, Au (2007) indicates that qualitative meta-synthesis is a type of research where the results of qualitative studies are synthesized in order to obtain a better understanding of a phenomenon’s general nature. In the same regard, Tellez & Waxman (in press) state that meta-synthesis is “an umbrella term referring to the synthesis of findings across multiple qualitative reports to create a new interpretation” (Tellez & Waxman, in press, p. 11). On ...

When reading a text, how important is the actual intent of the author? If a reader gleans a different meaning from a work than the author intended to include, is that viewpoint still valid? According to the Formalist school of literary criticism, the intentions of the author are irrelevant; as long as there is a concrete meaning to be gleaned from some interpretation of the text itself, it is valid. Formalism looks at the structure of a work itself to determine its meaning, regardless of whatever sociopolitical or narrative ends the author originally had in mind. In this light, ...

When reading a text, how important is the actual intent of the author? If a reader gleans a different meaning from a work than the author intended to include, is that viewpoint still valid? According to the Formalist school of literary criticism, the intentions of the author are irrelevant; as long as there is a concrete meaning to be gleaned from some interpretation of the text itself, it is valid. Formalism looks at the structure of a work itself to determine its meaning, regardless of whatever sociopolitical or narrative ends the author originally had in mind. In this light, ...

The courts play pivotal roles as far as justice is concerned in any given country. In addition to the implementation of law of the land, thy act as a link between the various arms of the government; hence the power balancing factor. Solving conflicts is one of the roles that have been solely accorded to courts. Among such conflicts is the interpretation of law, something that has become common in the modern society. In most civilized societies, law-making lies in the hands of parliament. However, sometimes parliament creates complex laws, and their meaning become a source of controversy because ...

The issue of interpreting works is always a complicated one; in any work, there can be varying interpretations and views of what the author means to say or what can be taken from it. Given the concept of 'death of the author,' the subjective views of the interpreter can often be said to be just as accurate as authorial intent. However, the views and theories of Fish, Eliot and Heidegger on the subject of literary interpretations should also be considered when determining the boundaries for what constitutes a legitimate interpretation of a written work.

Stanley Fish, in his ...

Sensory information is accurate, but the interpretation of sensory information is unreliable and biased. While senses were traditionally considered passive mechanisms, it is now evident that the interpretation of information received through the senses is an active mechanism based on inherited traits and past experiences. Several factors, both internal and external, influence perception, and those factors are always subjective because all individuals possess different internal traits and experience different external events. Sensory information cannot be accurate and reliable because it depends on individual factors for interpretation and evaluation.

A sensory organ will always receive sensory input objectively, but the ...

Bible Interpretation Using Various Types of Critical Disciplines

Introducing the old Testament The Bible can be interpreted using various types of critical disciplines. This is done through interpretation and explanation that is critical of text especially texts of religion. In ancient times the term exegesis, which is the critical expansion and understanding of the religious text, was the primary interpretation of the Bible. Therefore, “Biblical exegesis” is applied in a wider context in the religious text. Exegesis is a combination of a broader perspectives that are critical and disciplines. When we focus on biblical textual criticism, the inquiry of the history and originality of the text, sometimes ...

Literature:

Reader-response theory, also referred to as reader-response criticism, generally refers to a category of literature theories that the reader at centre of interpreting and giving meaning to a piece of literature work (in this case poetry). The theory, emphases on the audience /reader’s reaction to a literature work than on the work itself. In fact, the theory suggests that the text (poem) cannot exist without the reader and thus cannot be interpreted and/ or understood in the absence of the reader’s reaction. As such, reader-response criticism renders literature a performing art with the reader as an active ...