Essays on Consciousness

Part A

The video of cognitive robot XCR-1, featured five characteristics of the sentient beings, and demonstrated a machine too can learn simple associations. The robot XCR-1 is a three-wheeled robot, without an envelope that gives a shape and form, with gripping hands, with multiple sensory capabilities and with a capacity to produce words. The robot has limited motor capacity (gripping, moving forward/ backward, talking and touching), but has excellent sensory systems for visual, auditory, touch, pain and tap stimulus. Obviously it has been created for studies and experiments in the field of machine learning. The experiment pioneered by Dr. Haikonen ...

Hart’s theory of program planning refers to a theory that examines the applicability and history of consciousness raising in programming. It outlines the fundamental principles of creating programs pertinent to consciousness raising. It is based on the actual emancipator action, entire social hold of power and actual practice of power at individual level. Consciousness raising is introduced as a theory that deals with both external and internal effects of power. Being both transformative and emancipatory mode of learning, it focuses on the idea of perspective change through self and critical reflection. The approach was strongly upheld by the ...

In life, human beings experience traumatic events; whether accidents, death or any other trauma, such occurrences harm the person’s psychological well-being. In some cases, people are unable to deal with the aftermath of such occurrences; they thus deals with it by pushing it out of consciousness into the sub-conscious. Instead of dealing with the problem, they ignore it through psychological processes; this research paper focuses on the analysis of the process. It is a process known as repression (Loftus, 1993).
Repression is a very general concept in the field of psychology researched by many scholars through the years. ...

Oscar Wilde said, “Yes: I am a dreamer. For a dreamer is one who can only find his way by moonlight, and his punishment is that he sees the dawn before the rest of the world.” This punishment that Oscar Wilde speaks of us is what makes self-actualization an incomparably rewarding but also increasingly lonely path. But the gift of fulfillment, wonder, and delight that it offers keeps us going, keeps us evolving towards a higher consciousness. Dreaming is an entryway into that endless field of energy. Modern day dysfunction undercuts the spiritual aspect of existence with its focus ...

Based on reading of this text, Hegel understanding of the interconnection between time and spirit can be viewed as an attempt to destruction of the history of ontology. The understanding of time of Hegel can be said to be the most radical way and the most offensive way of understanding of time (Pinkard, Terry, 49). In his argument, he believes that the spirit falls into historical time and at the same time be speculative thought.
Hegelian Conceptuality clearly outlays itself as separation and understanding of the difference between the “I” and non-I. The conceptuality brings itself in the form ...

Introduction

Is there a life after death? This is one of the questions that most people in the world have been asking themselves for years. The survival of consciousness after death is a very complex situation for most people in the world. This is the reason why it has been discussed by many philosophers as well as other people in the world. According to the researches that have been conducted by the scientist is that, they believe that the consciousness and the mind are connected in that the they functioning of how the brain works even after death (Stanislav Grof & ...

Summary of article

This name of this chapter is Philosophical Issues: Phenomenology. Evan Thompson and Dan Zahavi explored consciousness and its relation to body and the processes of the brain. There are relations between “conscious experience and cognitive processes” (Thompson, and Zahavi 67). This article deals with the concepts of method of phenomenology, the understanding of intentionality and phenomenal consciousness and self-awareness.
There is a difference between imagination and visualization and perception. Bodily experience and self-consciousness are related. Edmund Husserl (1859-1938) researched phenomenology in detail.

Husserl introduced phenomenology which has the best methods for studying and explaining consciousness. Other philosophers who addressed ...

Human beings certainly do not perceive reality like it really is. This fact is immediately evident through both experiential and experimental evidence. If our senses do give us information about the way things truly are, then how is it that if two people go to a concert, they can walk away with different reviews? Was the concert good or was the concert bad? Which one better reflects reality? Furthermore, what explains the phenomena experienced by people who have had brain injuries? Oliver Sacks has written entire books on the subject, including “The Man Who Mistook his Wife for a ...

Philosophy

The field related to artificial intelligence and cognitive robotics is called artificial consciousness or machine consciousness or even synthetic consciousness. This field was formed with the purpose to "define that which would have to be synthesized were consciousness to be found in an engineered artifact". When different parts of the brains, which are named neural correlates of consciousness of the NCC, interoperate then they generate consciousness, as defined by the hypothesis of neuroscientists. There exist various supporters of artificial consciousness who are of the belief that the possibility of constructing machines, for instance computer systems, which follow the interoperation ...

A few years after Doris Lessing’s wrote the Grass is Singing, Richard Wright releases yet one of the most compelling novel the depicts the story of an African American fugitive slave—The Man in the Underground (1945). In this novel, the lead character, Fred Daniels attempts to escape from a corrupt history and a corrupt society. From a privileged house servant, Fred Daniels character develops into an underground criminal. In the course of Daniel’s journey, Wright reveals a layer of racism above ground. This novel is also quite similar to Ralph Elison’s Invisible Man. However, Wright ...

Introduction

Concepts covered in psychology the helps us to understand the behavior of the mind. The first concept is learning and human nurture that looks at behavioral and cognitive learning and

Discussion
In the movie Pay If Forward a young boy is featured who is given an assignment by his teacher and told to put it in application. He learns that he can help a homeless person and save his life because his mother had alcohol addiction problems in the hope that his mother can get helped in the cycle of paying it forward. Eventually his concept gets accepted by ...

Philosophy

Introduction
The mind-body problem, which indicates a relation of mind with the body, is considered as a main issue in the philosophy of mind. In this paper, the perspectives of dualism and physicalism are described in relation to the reduction of the mind to brain.

Thesis Statement

“Though it seems we have a mind distinct from body, in the end we can just reduce mind to brain”.
Explanation
The mind can be reduced to brain. In this regard the perspectives of the dualists are worth considering. The Dualists dealing with the philosophy of mind consider that there is exists difference between ...

Human nature in Buddhism refers to the innate or inborn character that human beings possess. It is worth noting that most philosophers and religious thinkers have debated the question of whether the human nature if evil or good. Buddhism religion has various views regarding the nature of human beings. Buddha addressed the issue of human nature directly, especially on issues related to whether humans are essentially evil or good. Buddhism religion asserts that human beings have the potential of doing good. In fact, given an opportunity human beings can lean towards being good and aspects of goodness. Buddhism teaches ...

Application of Statistics in Real-world Psychological Problems

Introduction
This review summarizes the findings of a scientific study that looks at how personal and environmental factors play a role in eating behavior. This study is important because the findings can provide valuable insights into adolescent health through study of eating behavior and the conditions that influence it. The study investigated the relationship between residential area including rural and urban, self-directed approaches as well as eating behaviors in adolescent s and children of nine nations such as the Netherlands, Poland, United Kingdom, Portugal, Denmark, Finland, Romania, Germany, and Belgium. There were 11,820 young people who participated in ...

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“There are three things extremely hard: steel, diamond, and to know one's self”—Benjamin Franklin
After reading and analyzing William James's essay, “The Self,” it would be easy to draw the same conclusion expressed by Benjamin Franklin in the above quote. The self is difficult to analyze because it comprises of various aspects or parts which integrate seamlessly to form a whole or complete individual. James, who was a philosopher, psychologist, and Harvard lecturer during the middle and late 1800s used much of his writings to define and explain the concept of ...

Victor A. F. Lamme

Commentary:

- Consciousness is a much debated yet less known topic that has been debated by both science and philosophy. However most of our knowledge about consciousness stems from introspection and behaviour analysis. This paper helps us move away from the psychological intuitions of consciousness.
- Through well-designed examples, the author allows us to understand that we cannot be the judge of our own consciousness.
- We may think that we see the full picture but our consciousness consists of a small fraction of what is actually in front of us. This theory is well explained ...

Introduction

Artificial Intelligence is one of the most fascinating and mind-twisting movies I have seen a movie which I very much liked both in terms of its entertainment and philosophical qualities. I wrote a critical analysis of the movie during the first few weeks of the semester. After that, we were able to study different topics such as Critical Consciousness, Hegemony, Counter-hegemony, economics of power, meaning and mediating, Learning, language and liberation, and reclamation. The objective of this paper is to deconstruct my thoughts when the first reflection paper about the film Artificial Intelligence was written based on the things ...

Intentionality is a Latin word meaning being guided towards a thing or goal. It is the ability of the mind to represent, to be about, properties, states of affairs and things or focused critical consciousness. It is one of Greene’s themes on intention for consciousness and the viewing of the world through multiple realities showing that existence precedes essence. The three basic types of intentionality are intentionality of vision, belief, and knowledge which are depicted in Greene’s reading. It is one of the assumptions of invitational theory, the human potential realization is best accomplished by programs, places, ...

Terri schiavio was a woman who collapsed in her home in Florida as a result of full cardiac arrest. The cardiac arrest caused her extensive brain damage which resulted from proper supply of oxygen to her body and especially her vital organs. She was in a comma for two and a half months after which the medical team in charge of her health declared her state as a vegetative state. Attempts by medical practitioners in terms of physical therapy and speech therapy in order to revive her to full consciousness all proved futile.
Her husband was of the opinion ...

Research in Mainstream Media

In the article “Giving the finger: This hurts me more than you,” Kluger (2009) reports a study that aimed to clarify how gestures can affect thoughts and feelings about others. Although the article is very informal and aims to entertain the audience in addition to providing them with interesting information, it is professional and all key points found in the original research paper by Chandler and Schwarz (2009) are included in the text, such as explaining the difference between learned and inborn gestures or the development and meaning of the “thumbs up” and “middle finger” gestures.
The study by ...

Introduction

Personal identity is something, feature, behavior which is used to distinguish one person to another. A person is given an identity according to time he /she was born or place of origin or according to events that was happening at that time.
The complexity of personal Identity comes to when two people of same body size, colour , sex, place of origin and same time of birth, seems diverse in their behavior and thinking capacity. It this divergence of persons that help us identify differently.
The man cannot be the same all the time hence he/she cannot be referred to ...

Happiness is not a fixed state. However, it is possible to develop it as one learns to accomplish flow in his or her lives. It rarely depends on the external events. It only depends on how we interpret them . The main feature to flow is control. We are able to exercise control over our consciousness’ contents rather than let ourselves to be determined passively by external forces within the state of flow. There are a number of elements that are involved in the process of achieving flow . These include clear goals, instant response to the actions of an individual, ...

Choices are always difficult. Whatever decision you make at some point in your life you will regret it. However, the burden of consciousness, shame and regret that you carry wherever you go if you do not follow your instinct is much more difficult. These types of decisions are always made alone, without discussing them with family, without making them public. Just as is the case with everyone else, I too encountered a difficult choice, one of many crossroads and the decisions that I made were at the times easy, but the burden of embarrassment is still present at nights ...

At certain point in life, one may ask, “who am I?” and “how do I define me?” Certainly it is a question that is difficult to fathom, as one cannot determine the nature of him other than what others may seem to perceive. When we were young, our parents tend to call us names based on the things that we as small children often demonstrate to our parents to their amusement. However, as we grow older we tend to realize the sort of stupidity that we do as a child that makes us want to forget those things we ...

The theory of expanding consciousness highly draws its rationale from the theory of the human unity that was crafted by Martha Rodgers. The formulation of this theory was motivated by the rising bone of contention regarding the definition of health. Different theorists were of the view that health of was the lack of diseases or any other bodily malfunction within a human being (Newman, 1994, p.21). Margret Newman sought to expand the scope of understanding regarding the concept of human health. This led to the crafting of her theory of expanding consciousness. Newman’s theory of expanding consciousness extrapolated ...

Personal Action Plan Observation

Introduction
Social class can be defined as a hierarchical stratification or distinction that exists between individuals or societal cultures and groups (Webster’s online dictionary, n.d.). My major objective in this paper is to present an observation of a different social class from my own and thereafter formulate an action plan that is based on my observation and also determine how to use the new knowledge I have gained since it is related to diversity consciousness.

I normally consider myself as a middle class individual. This assumption is based on my college education, income and my general state of ...

Calculating the length of an existence is easier than expected. It’s not about numbers, but emotions. How we feel about time dictates our actions much more than the actual numbers in rotation. They things we associate with passing time helps a person evaluate their choices and see their progressions.
Absolute Time is the measurement of a natural happening. It is the average duration of sunshine in a day, length of a season in a given location. Hours and time zones, however, are apart from these occurrences because they are man-made. They are a relatable dimension, a system, called ...

Elementary Unit of the Brain: The Cerebral Cortex

The elementary unit of the brain is the cerebral cortex. It is an important structure that forms the cerebrum’s surface. According to Purves et al (2011), it is a 1 cm-thick layer of grey matter that forms the outer surface of the cerebral hemispheres. It is the brain’s largest part and is made up of 4 lobes. These are the temporal, occipital, frontal and parietal lobes. The temporal lobe has the primary purpose of processing sounds from a person’s years, and also contains areas of association that assist people in remembering language. The occipital lobe controls ...

Analysis of Derek Parfit’s Article “Divided Minds and the Nature of Persons”

At the center of philosophy is the question of what exactly are the underpinnings of a human being, what constitutes a person and at what point does a person cease to be or becomes another person. Derek Parfit in his essay "Divided Minds and the Nature of Persons" uses split brain patience in which the left and right hemispheres of the brain act autonomously of one another, in order to advanced an argument in support of bundle theory which sees the self as a compilation of particulars which compose the overall entity that we refer to as the self. ...

Modern fiction has often been marked by experts as being defined by the rise of first-person narration. First-person narration offers a variety of advantages to the author, but in addition to having advantages, it also offers unique pitfalls for writers who are utilizing it when they are creating fiction. The problem with the first-person narrative is that the “I”-- the speaker, the narrator of the piece-- must be compelling and believable, even if he or she is unreliable as a narrator. Everyone has an internal monologue, and if the narrator’s internal monologue strays too far from what ...

Consciousness is defined as an inner feeling of selfhood and awareness of external objects. The issue of consciousness is widely discussed and researched. The more humans know about the space and the world around, the more they want to know about themselves. Consciousness as a scientific notion is investigated by philosophers, psychologists, physiatrists, biologists etc.
Last time people start thinking of the fact that they are not the only living creatures, which possess consciousness. Mammals, birds, insects demonstrate behavior that can be evaluated as appearance of consciousness. Rene Descartes thought that animals have no soul therefore they cannot posses ...

This study will discuss the intentional business, which refers to incompetent of understanding from different event, action, and or object while performing task. These may vary from the environment of my work which helping the customers over the phone to troubleshoot with their television. In this scenario it may come up that if you are talking with a customer while you are doing a different task you may notice that there are different procedure that you are following and your customer might be upset because you are not paying attention from his or her problem. From the video, I ...

Parfit wrestles with the idea that human conscience is able to grasp different events, occurrences, and stimuli that are taking place within a particular state or situation. The bone of contention is the idea that humans as a complete entity cannot be able to perceive two occurrences at a time. Parfit introduces the idea that human consciousness has both a dominant and subdominant consciousness. However, consciousness is only likely to detect one element that is dominant within one life. This is the reason why Parfit argues that if one has two colors blue and red on both the right ...

What would you like to achieve in completing your Case Study?

After reading the case study on Sen. Jim Norman’s acceptance of his guilt after committing an unethical thing through acceptance of a gift of $500, 000 and not disclosing when submitting the financial disclosure form in 2010 really meant a lot to me on the issue of ethics. Unethical practices often bore holes into ones consciousness and evoke feelings of guilt. Sen. Jim Norman was constantly haunted by that issue from all sides by the media and his people, thereby coming up with the decision of putting his past behind once and for all through settling that amount.

What 3 topics have you considered in rank order from most desirable to least?

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The paper argues about the human mind exhibits unity; that it can perceive various activities occurring at the same time together as elements of a single conscious state. The unity of consciousness is fundamental to human cognitive functions. It is the basis in which we merge our senses and our minds to recognise, act and react. The unified consciousness is responsible for our ability to make comparisons based on our senses weaving it into one experience.

The notion of the unity of consciousness is the basis of cognitive research stemming from notable work by Descartes, Leibniz and Kant. Descartes’ ...

Philosophy of consciousness, undoubtedly, takes a leading position in Anglo-American philosophical thought of 20th and the beginning of 21st century. Numerous publications, devoted to the problems of consciousness are an indicator of that. Philosophy of mind is a branch of analytical philosophy, which studies philosophical aspects of consciousness problem. The central theme of philosophy of consciousness is relationship between consciousness and brain. In this context brain poses a problem of mind-body, while consciousness is understood as either the aggregate mental states, accessible only to the living being experiencing them, or as a state of monitoring internal ...

Though reading for a majority of children may seem like second nature to them as they progress in classes, for some who suffer from reading disorders, it is a nightmare. This is because these children find themselves unable to master that ability of decoding words in print in an efficient manner. In a bid to cure this malady, several interventions have been undertaken amongst children. Nonetheless, of all interventions that have been undertaken over the years, phonological awareness intervention has elicited the most significant interest and attention. It is also the case that speech-language pathologists who work in preschool ...

Analysis

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Abstract

The Mikesbike is a advanced simulation software that helps to manage all the functional area of the company. The company’s total management data base can be viewed in the mikesbike software. It also acts as an interaction tool that helps to lean all the management strategy. The mikesbike is used for decision making process product, firm; finance and production are the key areas of decision making. The simulation software is used for the complex analysis in business and also it is used to take future financial decisions. The price of the software is comparably ...

Summary of the critical incident

During a recent holiday that I had a residential weekend in Newcastle. I took part in a small group and completed many tasks together. My leader told me that I am needed to integrate into the other people’s culture and enjoy it. The reasons for informing me that I need to share ideas during the teamwork. The teamwork has had playing of a major role in the social life and activities I associate with regularly. During the task such as” building the bridges with a span measured over 3 meters, “different country have different ways of doing things. ...

Today, if you approach anyone and asks if they are aware of their self, probability indicates that, most people will respond affirmatively. Statistics show that 75% will commence by telling their names, intellectual status, and job titles. !5% will indicate their repertoire of temperaments of likes and dislikes. The rest will describe their self-awareness in the context of oneness with the divine spirit or universe. However, do they understand the concept of self-awareness and its operations? The self-awareness discussed in this paper propels deeper than the set of beliefs and ideologies.
The art of self-awareness and continued self-development has ...

Executive Summary

The reason of this research was to enhance education and knowledge of diabetes and its types for the good wellbeing and encourage healthy way of life actions to decrease diabetes base on the community in developing states with a comparatively high occurrence of diabetes. The occurrence of diabetes was measured by the questionnaire methodology distributed in community to know the information level of diabetes and its occurrence. The expansion of these factors of diabetes diseases reveals the main reasons enforcing cultural, economic and social transformation in the community of developing states. These similar reasons are enforcing the epidemiological background ...

Synopsis: The following article consists of a weekly program that has been scheduled in the ‘Sacred Heart Senior Secondary College’ for promoting ‘Mental Health Awareness’. The students in collaboration with their teachers have been enthusiastic about this program since it is a connotation of the various mental illnesses that are present and the means by which we can together help individuals affected by the disorders to overcome them.
Hence the article comprises of a list of activities which will be performed within and outside the school premises just so that awareness can be spread amongst not only the students ...

Question one

Sandoval explains that color should d not be a determinant for all women whether black, poor or Latin to assume a political position. Differential consciousness encompasses radical and cognitive mapping and the major oppositional types of consciousness are determined by five main forms of the social hierarchy namely the equal rights; the revolutionary; the separatist; and the differential modes. Differential consciousness recognizes and incorporates all the other form of consciousness. The organization of resistance through equal rights, functional, supremacist and the revolutionary modes contributes to consciousness (Sandoval, 2000).The emergence of women movements in the 1970s and 1980s as ...

INTRODUCTION

The issue of if animals have the same sentience and morality of humans is a topic that has been greatly debated throughout history. Many philosophers and scientists have weighed in to try and find the answer to this age-old question. Singer has explicit views on the relative sentience of animals and morality of the ways in which human beings use animals, and those views often come into conflict with the ways that human beings interact with non-human animals in various societies. Singer defines sentience as “the capacity to experience episodes of positively or negatively valenced awarenesses” (Singer). Positive sentience ...

Unconsciousness can be well described by a situation or a state whereby the human mind is devoid of responsiveness to people, habitat or any other stimuli found in the environment. In a straightforward language, it is a state where the mind is functioning to its optimum or there is disconnect in the human coordination system. For instance any patient, who is in a coma, is described as being in an unconscious state. A point to note is the fact that what basically causes lack of consciousness is anything will hinder the normal function of the brain, for instance, brain ...

Introduction

Cultural awareness is an important concept in nursing as it helps patients to adapt to the environments that they have found themselves in. It is important to ensure that patients are made comfortable in their environments for quick recovery. This is an important aspect that should be integrated in nursing. This paper will assess various issues in cultural assessment in nursing. It will summarize four articles on cultural awareness in nursing.

Integrating cultural awareness in nursing students

In order to meet the need of serving a population with multicultural make, it is a requirement to teach the nursing students and faculty members the importance of ...

Introduction

Every problem operates at two levels; peripheral level - it’s visible outward appearance and root level - its clandestine originating point, which usually is hidden from one’s normal vision. Successful solution lies in attacking the root-cause to shut down the oxygen supply, rather than the periphery, since the latter is often a catastrophic off-shoot of the former, if left unattended. That’s why as children, beyond a point, our parents often stop always surrendering to our demands for expensive toys, as a solution to our post-rejection tantrums that annoy them, and instead personally counsel us to instill ...

Introduction

Plainfield is a city in the New Jersey with a population of 46,318 and a population density of 7690 people per square kilometer. It has over 15180 households and about ten thousand families living in the city. The city is racially diverse with African Americans being the dominant race, accounting for 50 percent of the population (Onboard, 2011).

The white population in Plainfield is 23 percent, Native Americans account for 0.91 percent, 0.05 percent of the population are Pacific islanders and 0.95 percent are other races. Children account for 35 percent of the population while married population account ...

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Enclosed is the recommendation report in response to the investigation that aims to resolve issues being faced by Liveit Inc.This recommendation report will discuss what Liveit. Inc. needs to do in order to ensure that all the students enrolled at the Penn State University campus are well aware of the services being offered. It will also throw light on the some of the features of Facebook, which is the most formidable competitor for the company’s online platform. In consideration of these features, the report will discuss how Liveit can develop ...

Introduction

In the modern business world, people are competing to ensure that their products are leading in the market. Market competition is getting dynamic with the entry of new producers in the market. Business brands that have been in the market for long has been able to set standards that new emerging businesses are finding difficult to cope with. Business competition is now taking new trends and traditional business methods are slowly fading away, with the entry of new market competitors and much business market shifting to the open market policy and monopolies’ slowly fading away, business competition is expected ...

Introduction

Energy is an important component of our day-to-day activities. Life is unimaginable without energy because many of the things we deal with depends on energy in one-way or the other. Saudi Arabia has oil and gas as the major forms of energy. During the processing of the oil and gas, a lot of waste and water bodies are released into the air. Oil is not a constant commodity and over reliance on it as the major source of energy would be very disastrous. The future of the energy is bleak because a lot is being consumed at the present ...

Introduction

This is the ability of a prospect consumer to ability to identify the brand of a particular product. This ability plays a very important when it comes to the decision making by the consumer about which brand to purchase. According to McDonald and sharp (2000), brand awareness by a consumer accentuates the brand to enter into the set of considerations a consumer has and therefore utilized as a heuristic and quality perception. A consumer will reach the purchasing decision by choosing amongst the brands in their consideration set. A heuristic approach by customers is used in making the purchasing ...

Reflection Piece on the “Big Idea”: Keeping the US Military Gender-Sensitive via Raising Awareness on Sexual Assault and Harassment

General Overview
The United States (US) military is perhaps the most prominent of its kind in the world in terms of its excellent organization, possession of superior technology and vast coverage. However, one could not completely adjudge the US military as one that has a perfect setup. Like any other organization, the US military is no stranger to controversial attacks against its reputation. One of the most scathing problems the US military is currently trying to remedy is the problem of sexual assault and harassment. There is proof that the US military is not ignoring the problem of sexual ...

- The Global Problem of Cardiovascular Disease

Introduction

Cardiovascular disease is a major global health problem that continues claiming the lives of many people. The disease requires a special attention of the global organizations because if they do not address it with immediacy, it threatens to kill more people in the future. The current projections show that by 2030, the cardiovascular disease shall claim more than 23.3 million lives each year (Global status report on non-communicable diseases 2010 p.1). In the united states of America, The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) explains that one out of four women ...

Abstract

The research focuses on how emotional appeals in advertising impact consumer-based brand equity. In order for a firm to efficiently communicate emotional appeals to consumers, the firm must have emotional intelligence. Emotional information management ensures that emotional intelligence can be utilized effectively in organizing consumer desires. The research demonstrates that innovative companies create emotional bonding with consumers leading to better consumer-based brand equity. This study examines both positive and negative emotional appeals in the context of emotional information management and how it relates to brand awareness, brand associations, perceived quality, and brand loyalty.
Key Words: Emotional Appeals, Consumer-Based Brand ...

Introduction

Do non-human animals have minds? This paper explores the possibility of the validity of the philosophical viewpoint that suggests that humans are not the only animals on our planet that have minds; that other animals are capable of conscious thought. It attempts to determine the consensus of informed opinion on the subject, in order to arrive at what might be considered to be the majority and hopefully correct answer.

The Research

Mountain (April 2013) published a feature entitled “Scientists Declare: Nonhuman Animals Are Conscious” which clearly came down on the side of deciding that those creatures do have minds. In his ...

Social work

Sociology is a multidisciplinary approach that borrows from theories of different disciplines. Being one of the most prominent aspects of social science, sociology has ma very demand in the contemporary world. It is imperative to note that the interdisciplinary approach has its roots in charity and community development. Social work has been described variously as an academic and professional discipline that endeavors to improve the quality of life through research, direct practice, education and policy (Fenneret al, 2001). Apparently, sociology borrows theories from economics, medicine, psychology, sociology, education, philosophy and politics. It is a common misconception that sociology is ...

Annotated bibliography

Cailleba, P., & Casteran, H. (2009). A quantitative study on the fair trade coffee consumer. Journal of Applied Business Research, 25(6), 31-46. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/227583556?accountid=45049

This article draws attention on the manners in which ethical behaviors

of consumers contributes to fair coffee trade. This is vital because most people purchase coffee depending on the consumer perception and values. However, the article also offers the French transactions case study conducted between 2005 and 2007, whose major aim was to find out the effects of personality traits, types of promotion and the characteristics of a product on coffee purchases. Further, the article goes ahead to investigate on the relationship between coffee purchases, ...

1. PREFACE

Today’s world is influenced by many factors such as globalization, cultural influences and the presence of the open market. Europe is a fine proof of this influence as it is more open for international business. Products from around the globe can be accessed by all types of consumers in the European market. Many find the European market more open to international businesses. Some find their successes in the European market through the use of good market analysis. Brooksbank (1991) notes that good market analysis is a key to the successful marketing plan;; it gives companies advice which will decrease miscommunication and misinterpretation, it helps to create business communications without borders.

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Introduction

In the current era of globalization, brands are major drivers of the financial performance of companies. Brands enable an organization to add value to the products of a company, and increase market performance of the products offered. Brand equity is therefore an effective measure for marketers who are active in developing strategies for particular brands to enable them understand past and future courses of action. Customer-based equity refers to the differential result of brand knowledge on customer response to the brand marketing (Keller 212). When customers react more favorably to an aspect of the marketing mix for the brand ...