Essays on Infant

Introduction

Contraception as a method of population control has elicited mixed reactions from different quotas of the society. A section of religious conservatives still hold onto it that abstinence and not contraception should be the only approach to population control. On the opposing side, modernists believe that contraception allows is not only effective but also people freedom to reproduce when they wish. Canada is among the few countries on the globe where contraception has been implemented as a legal approach towards population control. In Canada, legalization of contraception was not solely done to curb population explosion but also as a ...

Human nutrition is associated with good health and well-being. Humans derive nutrients from food products such as fruits, vegetables, milk, and animal-based products. Nutrients should be taken in adequate quantities for proper functioning of the body. Diet provides vitamins, minerals, and all other vital components required for healthy living. Diet is one part of a healthy body while physical activity enhances growth, development, and stability to the body. People who have low nutrient intake are vulnerable to diseases and illnesses. Poor nutrition has also been associated with impaired physical and mental development (Kau, et al. 2011). Nutrition is the ...

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome – abbreviated as SIDS – refers to the unexplained circumstance of the death of an infant of less than a year old (Kohyama, 2013). The unexplained circumstance happens even after an extensive autopsy of the child’s body. It implies that, even though the healthcare department always ascertains the causes of deaths that happen to children, that caused by SIDS has always not been connected to specific reasons. Only a combination of factors is suggested. Some of these include child environmental stressors, expose to tobacco substances, stomachache, and suffocation. As research continues to intensify, the death of ...

Health care has always been a basic human need and a part of the heritage of people. As a result, health care can be considered as a product of the collective efforts of the previous generations. Moreover, taking into account the fact that every human being represents the human race, he or she has an undeniable claim upon medical aid. However, despite the fact that providing health care is the state’s obligation, its fulfillment encounters numerous problems in the US. American health care has gone through significant historical changes that have led to the recognition of the health ...

What are the interventions to promote oral intake in preterm infants?"

Overview An estimated fifteen million infants are prematurely born every year. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), one in every ten children born in America is affected by preterm birth. The term preterm is used to refer to babies who are born before the normal thirty-seven weeks gestation period. Preterm births are classified based on the gestation age. Babies born less that twenty-seven weeks or the gestation period are categorized as extremely preterm. Very Preterm babies are those born between twenty seven weeks and thirty-two weeks while moderate to late preterms are born between thirty-two ...

Abstract

This essay is focused on reproductive diseases, which are considered to be conditions affecting both male and female individuals. Congenital anomaly, to be specific, is a kidney disease which entails absence, hypoplasia or the presence of fluid or semisolid-filled sacs, known as cysts. Cysts can lead to urinary obstructive symptoms through local pressure. Severe penis anomalies are rare and are normally related to urinary or various other systematic defects. Even though there are no specific cases reported in the State of Florida, various reports have been filed in United States, Canada, among Asian Americans and Native Americans, in Russia ...

Introduction

Industrialization refers to the sustained structural transformation of a traditional agrarian society to a modern economy driven by high productivity in manufacturing society (Szirmai, Naudé and Alcorta, 2013). Industrialization started in the mid-eighteenth century in Britain and then spread to other European countries and the USA in the nineteenth century. In the twentieth century, Japan, Singapore, Korea, China, and other East Asian Tigers became industrialized (Szirmai, Naudé and Alcorta, 2013). Gerschenkron (1962) used the term rarly industrializers to refer to countries that were first to industrilze such as Britain. He used the term late industrilizers to refer to countries ...

The 2013 Early Learning Challenge Flyer is a document describing the details of discretionary grant program by ‘Race to the Top – Early Learning Challenge’ (Department of Health and Human Services, 2013). The program is for states in their struggle for assuring early learning and development for children with high needs in their pre-kindergarten age. The flyer is a summary of the program itself, as well as its grantees’ plans, and investment areas. The document also enumerates the American states and territories, which have applied for the grant in three phases – from 2011 to 2013. This flyer could be helpful ...

CHAPTER FOUR

Introduction This study will mainly focus on the ways that can be proposed so as to make the medical care provision of Russia be improved. The results that will be achieved from this research work will immensely contribute to the improved and much efficient health care provision in Russia.

Findings

Notably, the research methodology employed a mixture of both qualitative and quantitative analysis. We shall therefore look at the various prospects of Russian healthcare business in the global international healthcare market. Some of the most visible prospects and fragments that are the backbone of the healthcare sector include demographic issues, ...

Introduction

The study of human body movement assists in understanding different biomechanical, psychological, and physiological mechanisms of the body. Taking care of a newborn from the time of birth to the age of about twelve months requires the mother or the caregiver to understand some concepts necessary for the survival of the baby. According to Davis, Cladis & Motoyama (2011), the breathing pattern of newborns from up to the age of six months is purely diaphragmatic (abdominal), hence; the need to understand various positions that allow the infant breath effectively. Understanding diaphragmatic breathing patterns acts as one of the major clinical ...

Overview of the Case Study

The case study is about the Pacific Island families. It was conducted on several Pacific children born in Auckland, which is an island in New Zealand. The study is an analysis of the relationship between maternal acculturation and the maternal health risk indicators. The analysis on maternal acculturation was achieved through gauging an abbreviated form of general ethnicity survey. The outcome of the study revealed that infants who are strongly inclined to the pacific culture had substantially better infant as well as maternal risk factors when compared to those who are less inclined to the culture. When the findings ...

Introduction

The journey by which an individual develops is both very personal and also very predictable. It is predictable by way of accomplishing certain milestones at particular times. Development is marked by these milestones and through them, an individual's development is able to be termed “normal’ or “abnormal.” However, it is personal in that each person achieves these milestones at different times in their development. The similarities between the development of each person allow for the timeline of development to be documented and analyzed.

Social Development of Infants

In infants, social development primarily occurs as the child begins to become aware of and respond ...

Chapter One: Introduction to Pre-Eclampsia Study

Chapter One: Introduction to Pre-Eclampsia Study As one of the leading global causes of maternal mortality, pre-eclampsia and related conditions have a remarkably wide impact (Sibai, Dekker & Kupferminc, 2005; Ghulmiyyah & Sibai, 2012). Diseases like pre-eclampsia can strike women of any age and with any socioeconomic background. The issues associated with pre-eclampsia are global, but there are certain populations that are more heavily impacted than others—and these populations are the ones that require investigation (Sibai, Dekker & Kupferminc, 2005). Pre-eclampsia is a condition that is associated with high maternal blood pressure and protein in maternal urine, but it is a ...

Definition of Community-Identification and History

Jersey City is in the Hudson County of New Jersey State and it part of the New York metropolitan. It is the largest and the capital the City of Hudson County, and the second largest city in New Jersey. The history of the city runs back to the 17th century when it was inhabited by the Lenape people, an East Asian community that migrated to the Unites States. Jersey City acts as a transit center for manufacturing companies in New York due to the availability of the waterfront, and the population is highly mixed as a result of a ...

Introduction

The healthcare system in Australia is termed as one of the most successful in the world when it comes to the delivery of good healthcare. Additionally, the health outcomes, as well as the control of costs by the system, are remarkably effective as stated by Hall (2015). Such achievements have however been achieved through the interaction of the public and private financial backing, public and private provision of services, and the sharing of key duties between the federal as well as the state governments (Hall, 2015). In the US, no single system of health insurance covers the nation. Health ...

Economic inequality Between Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Australians

Introduction Thought the last century, the subject of inequality has come to the fore. It seems that social, economic, racial, ethnic disparity became ubiquitous under the circumstances of economic and technical progress. While some countries take a course of rapid development, others remain behind. It happens not only on the political level but also within the country on the social scale. The emergence of perceptible economic inequality can now be observed in developed countries, and Australia is not an exclusion. Historically, economic inequality strengthened disparities of income and living standards of the individual layers of the population, increased the ...

(Student’s Full Name)

Introduction According to the Associated Press, there were more poor people residing in the state of Washington in 2013 compared to the previous year. This was the case despite the poverty levels remaining steady “across the nation” (Le par. 1). In addition, the United Way has recently revealed in a “comprehensive report” that “1 in 3” Washington households “struggle financially” (Hobbs pars. 1, 22). The experts have arrived at their own conclusions as to why that it is currently the case in the state. However, even though the cause of poverty in Washington State has ...

The concept of "social brain" is one of the challenging and advanced concepts of the modern neuropsychology. In addition, the "social brain", as a concept, forms a completely new approach to the study of social psychology and brain pathologies. Research and development of this concept contributes to the discovery of the social and psychological development of a person. The thematic justification of this study is important because it allows tracing the relationship between the social cognition and social behavior of a person, which is basic in the context of psychology, sociology, and neuropsychology. The development and use of the " ...

In preterm infants, what is the effect of human breast milk, donated or otherwise, on overall growth compared to formula of any type within the first five years In preterm infants, what is the effect of human breast milk, donated or otherwise, on overall growth compared to formula of any type within the first five years 1. Introduction 1.2 Research problem The debate of whether infant formula or breast milk is the best for the growth of children is still an ongoing. The issue is compounded by deteriorating economic times where mothers spend minimal times with their children due ...

NR451 RN Capstone Course

Term and Year Skin-to-Skin Contact for Neonates The separation of mother and neonate for non-urgent medical reasons is a growing trend in nursing practice. However, research has indicated that the practice can have a deleterious long term effect on the healthy infant and mother with regard to breast feeding, cardio-respiratory stability, and blood glucose levels (Moore, Anderson, Bergman, & Dowswell, (2014). The solution to the problem is to initiate skin-to-skin contact at birth (Moore, et al., 2014). The nursing focused plan is to introduce the practice of skin-to-skin contact following birth, which entails placing the naked infant prone on the ...

Introduction

Teenage pregnancy refers to the pregnancy in human females that are aged twenty years and below. Pregnancy in girls is caused by sexual intercourse after the girl has become viable, that can ovulate, which can even be before her first menstrual period but most cases occurs after the onset of her periods. This issue has many menaces alongside it, following the fact that most of the girls in this age bracket have not developed thus experience many obstetric issues. Moreover, many risks are associated with teenage pregnancy some of which include: premature labour, low birth weight, anaemia, and pre-eclampsia, ...

Introduction

Just prior to the July 26th Movement or Revolution in 1959 by forces under Fidel Castro. Since 1965, the country has been governed by the Communist Party of Cuba. Culturally, the country is part of Latin America. The country has several cultural influences, namely, the ancient aboriginal culture of the indigenous Taino and Ciboney, Spanish influences as the country was colonized by Spain, the inflows of African American slaves and a close relationship with the Soviets during the Cold War era (Skidmore and Smith, 2005). At present, the country is one of the few remaining socialist nations in the ...

(Author Name) (Course Name/Number) The Tavistock Model was originally developed at the Tavistock Clinic in London around the onset of the First World War It started as a classroom experiment for students studying infants, but soon became an accepted practice throughout the social science field as a means of observing infants, children, and adults. The model itself has deep roots in Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytical Theory and was developed as a collaboration between child psychoanalyst Esther Bick and Dr. John Bowlby. Because the concentration started as a means of observing the stages of emotional and mental development in children, ...

Patient history

JM is a 28-year old Hispanic 38 weeks pregnant, admitted into the maternity unit. This is her first pregnancy and seems calm and relaxed, except for the normal anxiety of this stage of pregnancy. Her obstetric history; G1, T1, P1, A0, L0

1st stage

Subjective: The patient verbalizes that she is afraid of the delivery process because it is her first time into the maternity ward. Patient verbalizes extreme abdominal pains. Objective: Patient exhibits, facial tension, poor eye contact and grimacing observed. Patient appears anxious, pre-occupied as well as decreased perceptual field. Vital signs (T-370 C, BP- 138/74 mmHg, RR-14 cpm, ...

Insecure Attachment and Identity Formation Issues

Abstract This paper will seek to examine the effect of forming insecure attachment in leading to unsuccessful identity achievement in human beings. This question is answered by examining the attachment theory and relating it to identity formation. It will also examine how these two issues affect healthy development in each stage of the life span based on Erickson’s psychosocial developmental stages. According to the attachment theory, attachment mainly determines different aspects of human relationships and interaction. This in turn, leads to social and emotional development issues in individuals during different life stages. Some of the problems identified included ...

Description

The Rett syndrome is originally known as cerebroatrophic hyperammonemia. It is a rare genetic disorder which commonly affects women although there are cases where it could be found in male patients. It is considered as a postnatal neurological disorder which affects the grey matter of the brain. Rett syndrome is also considered as a progressive disorder which affects the development of the brain. It is also considered as one of the common cause of mental disorders among women. It occur about 1 in 10,000 births and it typically develops at age 6 to 18 months. The signs or ...

HCA 302. Health Care Organization

Introduction Health care systems are essential in providing security to nation-states world-over, which goes beyond health issues; entire economies depend on such vital system for security. One only has to imagine the devastation of a population by an infectious disease such as HIV/AIDS. Despite having some similarities, health systems vary from one country to the other. Notably, nations design as well as develop their health systems in line with their needs as well as the available resources. The United States and Canada share a border, and thus there is a natural inclination to compare the two health care regimes. ...

What do you believe is the greatest achievement that the health care industry has made from both the patient and provider perspectives? Why? In the past decade, there has been significant improvement in the maternal and infant health with respect to the healthcare industry. The rate of neural tube defects and infants born with heritable or metabolic disorders have reduced owing to new diagnostic and treatment modalities. In the early 1990’s, the US government led to the implementation of folic acid fortification in all cereal grains that were termed as enriched. This movement led to the reduction of ...

Food Security/Climate:

Nutritional interventions are measures taken up to improve or resolve nutritional problems and diagnosis by providing education, advice, technology, or actual delivery of food the food components/nutrients of a specific meal or diet plan tailored to people’s needs (Andeal.org, 2014). There are several types of interventions such as behavioral, regulatory and staple food bio-fortification. Behavioral interventions are aimed at adjusting personal habits and practices such as encouraging breastfeeding, nutritional counseling in pregnancy, complementary feeding, and dietary advice to encourage weight loss in obese adults. Regulatory interventions, on the other hand, aim to regulate certain nutrition-related actions or activities ...

Opening Statements:

Pre-eclampsia is a condition that affects a significant percentage of mothers, and accounts for mother death during childbirth anywhere from fifteen to twenty percent of the time—pre-eclampsia is one of the most significant and important causes of maternal death during childbirth to this day (Sibai, Dekker & Kupferminc, 2005; Ghulmiyyah & Sibai, 2012). As such, it is immensely important to develop strategies to deal with the problem of pre-eclampsia, but it is also essentially important to develop strategies for dealing with education and prevention of the condition (Villar et al., 2003). There are a number of common conditions that are ...

Magda Gerber educare philosophy connotes educating toddlers while at the same time caring for them. At the core, this idea builds on seeing and responding to each toddler as an individual with unique needs (Petrie & Owen, 2005). Ideally, this approach stresses the interdependent connection between educating and caring for infants. In other words, Gerber moves that there should be reciprocal and responsive relationships between babies and caregivers learn from each other. The philosophy has three main principles: respect, communication, and caring. In executing educating and caring simultaneously, Gerber’s approach provides different care giving strategies. Some of these strategies ...

Increased live birth delivery of women with natal drinking or smoking: A nursing critique

Abstract Prenatal smoking and alcoholic drinking are for its serious health risks during and after live delivery. Amidst the ethical question on this maternal choice, a contention insists that alcohol and tobacco non-use prenatal and at natal has increased. Doubts on its validity were noted. My hypothesis: the observation came too early both in the national English and the global contexts. The contention was hard to sustain. The diverse factors affecting global decision making work against that contention. Both the American and English data failed to support that contention on the strong reality of the incomplete and potentially unsound ...

Abstract

The current human capital task force constitutes of an increased number of female workers. What is notable is that as much as the female workers are playing a part in the development of their countries and their selves, certain conditions in the workplace seem to weigh a toll on their family lives. In this sense, fertility issues come into play, and it is often attributed to the erratic working conditions that female workers are subjected. This is a concerning trend given that irregularities that arise from their work patterns may limit their chances of becoming parents this is as ...

Advantages

Male circumcision is the surgical removal of the foreskin. Circumcision may be performed for various reasons such as medical reasons, religious and cultural reasons and HIV prevention. Firstly, circumcision might be done to treat the following conditions: Phimosis is a condition wherein the foreskin is too tight to be pulled back over the glans penis. This can be a cause for pain during erection and may cause urination to be painful and difficult.

Recurrent balanitis is the inflammation of the foreskin and head of the penis.

Paraphimosis wherein the foreskin can’t be returned to its original position Penile cancer Aside from the medical reasons mentioned above, circumcision is a religious and ...

Part 1

Cystic fibrosis is a disorder that has been proven to have profound effects on the genetic makeup of an individual. This condition mainly affects the lungs and the alimentary canal. The other body organs likely to get affected by the disease include the kidneys, pancreas, intestines and the liver. It has been established that the condition compromises the functioning of the body cells responsible for the production of digestive, mucus and sweat juices (Mayo Clinic., 2016). Under normal circumstances, these cells are usually thin and slippery but if they become affected, the secretions they produce turn sticky and thick. ...

In preparing for this assignment, a list of all countries of the world by land area was obtained from the CIA website and was sorted in a spreadsheet from countries with the largest land area to countries with the smallest land area. A total of 224 countries were obtained, and after elimination of all countries with a land area smaller than Belgium, a total of 137 countries remained. Data on global infant mortality rates was obtained for each country in the reduced list and was recorded as deaths/1000 live births . To obtain a dissection of these figures in to ...

Insecure Attachment and Identity Formation Issues

Abstract: This paper will seek to examine the effect of forming insecure attachment in leading to unsuccessful identity achievement in human beings. This question is answered by examining the attachment theory and relating it to identity formation. It will also examine how these two issues affect healthy development in each stage of the life span based on Erickson’s psychosocial developmental stages. According to the attachment theory, attachment mainly determines different aspects of human relationships and interaction. This in turn, leads to social and emotional development issues in individuals during different life stages. This research paper includes an in-depth ...

The early development of an infant follows a sequence. The child needs to master one particular skill before moving on to another one. However, each kid develops at his or her own pace. At times, the child may take long to acquire a skill or may skip to a different stage. The developmental milestones assist in observing the child to identify any issues that may arise and formulate early interventions. The early remedies come in the form of specialized services, engaging the kid in play activities, socializing, and parental engagement. This essay takes a critical look at the biological ...

A sudden child death is death in an infant which occurs precipitously and unexpectedly. The causes of most sudden child deaths are often not immediately evident to prior investigation. This is due to the fact that it takes less disease to kill an infant than it would take to kill an adult (PBS, 2011). A child can die as a result of a pre-existing medical condition. However, medical practitioners have always found it very difficult to find a link between a sudden child death and the child’s pre-existing medical condition. Hence, when medical examiners fail to diagnose a ...

Infants are attracted towards the objects that are colorful and help the infants visualize shapes and faces at specific angles. It provides the infants with the adequate learning environment that also supports the development of motor, cognitive and perceptual skills. The development of such toys require a substantive amount of finance and time, however, the outcome of using such toys to enhance the skills of infants, makes the individuals to develop such toys (Soska et al., 2010). In this manner, it is suggested that an educational toy should be made that can be operated electronically and can provide infants ...

One of the most common entry strategies for MNCs is the joint venture. Why are so many companies opting for this strategy as they attempt to expand into overseas markets (E.g. US based Wal-Mart, the world's largest retailer, entered Brazil in 1995 by forming a 60:40 joint venture with one of the country's leading business conglomerates, Grupo Garantia)? Please provide specific examples and a rationale for your response. It is extremely common for MNC’s to use joint venture to build local alliances when entering into business in a new country or market. Joint ventures allow the international ...

Infant/Toddler/Twos Health, Safety, and Nutrition Policies

Ensuring optimum health of infants, toddlers, and twos encompasses policies particularly in situations where symptoms of illness are apparent. When high temperature, uneasiness, and distress in the child’s behavior become evident, the child should be taken to the clinic. The parents expect to be notified for such issues immediately, and there should be an immediate remedy provided to the child administered by the in-house physician or nurse. In terms of sanitation, all classrooms should observe proper cleaning and maintenance. The classroom should be cleaned regularly at least twice a day. In addition, all materials and equipment should be ...

ITERS Observation and Reflection

ITERS Observation and Reflection The objective of the activity is to observe a toddler in a classroom for a maximum of 10 hours in order to complete the Infant/Toddler Environment Rating Scale or ITERS. In this activity a male toddler with permission from the parent was asked to stay in a classroom for a minimum of 1 hour with 15 minutes interval giving a total of 10 hours as needed for the observation period. The standard element observed in the learning environment encompasses a goal of ensuring that the toddler can move freely in the classroom area in order ...

Two of the most remarkable stories of growth in the past 3 decades has been the growht of China and India's economies, two countries. Their populations, when added together, make up one-third of the total population of the world. While India and China's development paths have been different, there are many similarities to their approaches. Both countries developed their private sector, deregulated laws, liberalized prices and opened their countries to foreign direct investment (Reddy 3). However, China and India have relied on different economic drivers for growth. China has focused its efforts on manufacturing and exporting goods, while much ...

The development of infants or toddlers occurs in a very predictable sequence which can be visible from the way a child begins by crawling prior to walking or even babbling before they can actually talk. Each developmental stage or milestone can vary from one child to another but the variation should be within acceptable variances that can be covered over time. For instance some children may achieve fast development in the initial 18 months and slower development in the subsequent stages; others may present with slow growth in the early stages and fast growth in the latter stages. However, ...

Introduction

In past few years, one of the most significant developments in the world economy is the emergence of India and China as major forces in the global economy. The constant growth of these countries is expected to dominate the economy of the whole world for several decades. Both countries contribute as more than one-third of the world’s population. Since 1980, both economies have been successful in achieving remarkable poverty reduction and economic growth rate. In respect of economic growth, it seems that China and India both are similar as both of these countries have large geographies and populations. ...

Import substitution industrialization and Export oriented in4dustrialization

Import substitution industrialization is defined as an economic phenomenon or theory that is applied through the country development or when emerging market nations are willing to increase their independent and decrease their dependency on wealthy countries. This theory mainly focuses on incubating and developing the small and infant industries so that they may emerge to compete with other imported goods and make the local economy stronger (Lee, 2004). On the other hand, export oriented industrialization is simply defined as export led industrialisation or growth. A form of economic and trade policy that focuses on improving and speeding up the ...

Position Paper

Introduction The United States’ health care system has for a long time been operated and owned by the private sector. In fact, about fifty-eight percent of the community hospitals are accredited to the non-governmental organizations. An average of about 60-65 percent is accounted for from programs such as the Veterans Health Administration, Medicare, Children’s Health Insurance Program and Medicare. This has ensured a smooth functioning of the healthcare system especially when it is compared to the systems of different countries. According to the Migration Health Annual Report (2004), from the Institute of Medicine, it is evident that despite ...

International Business and Global Logistics

International Business and Global Logistics

Introduction

Undeniably, the main objective of any business organization is to grow in terms of profitability and market. The high market competition that most organizations face tends to impede the realization of their objectives. Thus, companies adopt different strategies to aid their survival in the markets. Pricing and marketing strategies are the major approaches that most companies use to gain a competitive advantage over their rivals (Dessler & Phillips, 2007). Multinational companies face competition both at domestic and the world markets. Thus, they consider implementing various strategies to enhance their market positions. Besides pricing and marketing ...

Hit and run homicide

A hit and run are normally defined as being involved in a vehicle accident with either a pedestrian, another vehicle or an object and escaping from the scene without being identified or give any assistance to those in need. It is mostly defined by leaving the scene whether you caused the accident or not. However, if you return to the scene maybe you had gone to access emergency assistance will not be considered as a hit and run. In a hit and run accident, there are several wound and injuries that are common and they assist in reconstructing the ...

What target market does Embrace seek to serve and how attractive is that market?

Embrace Infant Warmer is targeting endangered premature babies born in the developing countries, who face fatal risks due to hypothermia. The product also targets mothers and family of premature babies, especially those in rural villages who do not have the resources to come to hospitals for delivery and incubator facilities. There are many infant deaths every year in developing countries due to hypothermia and the co-founders aim to deliver a product that is a cheaper alternative to protect premature babies. Since, premature babies need incubators to survive after birth and adjust to temperature changes outside their mother’s body, ...

Abstract

The choice between breastfeeding and bottle (formula) feeding appears to be one of the fundamental decisions that await both new and expectant parents. Quite a number of health bodies including World Health Organization (WHO), American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and also the American Medical Association (AMA), all recommend breastfeeding to be the appropriate choice for infants (Andres, Cleves, Bellando, Pivik, Casey, & Badger, 2012). Breastfeeding assists defend against several chronic conditions, prevent allergies, and protect against infections. The AAP, in particular, recommends that infants be breastfed exclusively for the first six (6) months following their birth. Beyond that, breastfeeding is ...

Child development takes place in discrete phases and ranges from birth to adulthood. These stages of development comprise various interrelated aspects such as socialization, motor skills, language, cognitive ability, emotional aspects, and social interaction. Various theories emphasize on the issues of development such as Vygotsky and Jeane Piaget theories. Piaget's model discusses concerns about the acquisition of knowledge and mechanisms of intellectual development. On the other hand, Vygotsky tended to focus mostly on the influence of culture on social and material structure and language of society (Steinberg & Vandergrift, 2010). Infant development and growth requires a combination of theories to ...

The law allows us to take certain decisions, so as to facilitate the accomplishment of our everyday desires. Only those who violate it have no freedom. Now just imagine that you did nothing wrong and someone put you in jail as a prisoner and treated you in an inhumane way, what would you feel? Imagine that one day, some scientists made different kinds of experiments on you, what would you feel? Every living thing in our world has feelings; they can suffer from pain, and have emotions. Mammals, as a large group of living organisms living on earth, have ...

Introduction

SBS or Shaken Baby Syndrome is a major brain injury that results from forceful shaking of a toddler or infant. Shaken Baby Syndrome is a result of direct blow/s to a child’s head due to throwing or dropping, or sometimes shaking a child. Since, infants’ anatomy puts them at risk for injury from such actions; several victims of SBS are under 1 year old. The autopsy reveals several details such as the presence of white matter contusion tears, diffuse axonal injury, subdural hematoma, and galeal skull fracture, contusion on the front skull and a linear skull fracture. But, ...

Kangaroo mother Care.

Kangaroo Care and Survival Rates Kangaroo mother care is a method of care for preterm and low birth weight infants involving skin to skin contact between mother and newborn, early discharge from hospital and frequent breastfeeding (WHO, 2003). Despite the limited research into this method of mother care, if continued at home, can it be blended with breastfeeding to boost survival rates among infants? In resource deprived areas, the Kangaroo is utilized often to reduce on mortality and morbidity among newborns (WHO, 2016). Other benefits are stabilized body heat, regulates child temperatures and improves on breathing of the new ...

Iron supplementation on the hemoglobin levels of pregant women in Kenya

Over the years, prenatal iron supplementation has been the customary recommendation in addressing maternal anemia especially in developing countries for over thirty years (1). Currently, documented evidence indicates that iron deficiency is a risk factor for anemia during pregnancy and can lead to either preterm delivery, low birth weight or an inferior neonatal health outcome (2, 3). According to Pena-Rosas (4), raising iron levels by supplementation results in an increased level of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin level in this regard is dependent on the dosage of iron taken. However, it is still unclear the ideal level in which iron supplements can ...

Abstract

Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disorder in which the red blood cells, which function as the oxygen carriers throughout the body, develop in an abnormal manner. The red blood cells are normally disk-shaped and very flexible but in sickle cell patients the cells often become very rigid and crescent shaped. This abnormality in the shape and functionality of the red blood cells hinder the normal flow of blood in the body. The red blood cells are therefore rendered unable to move freely through the blood tissues and through organs that result in the failure of certain important organs ...

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is a sudden death of apparently healthy child aged up to 1 year as a result of cessation of breathing and heart failure, the cause of which cannot be established at the mortem expertise. Sometimes the syndrome is called as “death at the crib” or death for no reason. However, there are causes or risk factors for the development of this poorly studied phenomenon, and the parents, eliminating them from their life, can save the life and health of the child. SIDS is not a disease; it is a posthumous diagnosis that is exhibited ...

[Subject/Course] [Submission Date]

This research paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of breast milk and formula milk for premature babies. Mothers of premature babies, also known as small gestational age infants (SGA), may realize that breast milk can prove more beneficial for the wellbeing of such babies. Breast milk can provide essential nutrients needed to assist the infant in their completer natural development outside their mother's womb. A research supports the notion that premature babies have more of an advantage being fed breast milk as it contains several vital components needed for their growth. Although, some may disapprove the ...