Essays on Infant

Psychology

Psychoanalysis is considered as a treatment concept that relies on observation that people are often unconscious about various factors that influence their behavior and emotions. Originally the concept of psychoanalysis was developed by Sigmund Freud and later developed and modified by various experienced psychoanalysts. These unknown factors entail the source of considerable unhappiness and distress, where sometimes is acquires identifiable symptom trait and at other times troubling personality characteristic. Those factors may, therefore, cause difficulties in love relationship or the workplace, or mood disturbances and self-esteem. Because those factors are unknown, the advice of family and friend, self-help books, Continue reading...

Developmental psychology primarily focuses on childhood development since it is the period within which a lot of changes take place. This field focuses on the interplay of nature and nurture and their influence on individual development; with nature concerning matters of genetic inheritance and maturation whereas nurture focuses on the impact of our environment and experience. As mentioned earlier developmental psychology focuses on a number of areas including language development.
Language refers to the expression of human communication through which knowledge, belief and behavior can be expressed using a system of symbols and rules. Language development begins quite early Continue reading...

Nestle is a food and beverage company that is principally located in Vevey, Switzerland. The company makes huge profits becoming famous given that it ranks number 39 with Forbes list of most valuable companies (Gleckman, 2013). The company has also become widely disliked due to the many past and partly present scandals and ethically questionable decisions by its marketing and distribution planners. Nestle was the target company of the 1970s accusations that they were making major contributions to unnecessary death and suffering of infants around the world through their aggressive marketing of baby foods in breach of international marketing Continue reading...

General description

Mali as a country started its fight against independence in the 1930s. Political opposition did not initially emanate from political parties rather they came from individual that had organized themselves into a number of voluntary organizations (Velton 13). These voluntary organizations compromised of cultural and sporting associations where most educated individual would meet under the French approval. Political parties were formed in the 1940s where the struggle for independence from the French continued. In June 20, 1960, Mali gained its independence from France.
Mali covers an area of 478, 640 square miles. It has a population of about 11, Continue reading...

Pain Management in Pregnancy

Part I
Introduction: Pain and pregnancy
Pain is an occurrence that almost always occurs at one time or the other during the antepartum, intrapartum or postpartum period during the obstetric sojourn of the woman. Different factors result in the development of pain which is most severe during the intrapartum period. It is important for the woman to be offered modalities of abolishing or reducing the pain to the barest minimum in order to reduce the psychological and emotional trauma that excessive pain might cause the birthing mother.
Moreover, it is important to give the laboring patient sufficient and exhaustive Continue reading...

Infant care and production in tamarins

Infant care and production in Tamarins: An Introduction
Parenting patterns vary extensively both amongst human and primates. Cooperative care is rather unusual in the primates, however; it is found mainly in tamarins (Saguinus oedipus), the small monkeys. This report delves into infant care and production in tamarins, in a social system, explaining the methods they maintain their relationships in a cooperative care.

When offered an option for caretaking of mother or the father, infants generally prefer the father, who offer more care. Hence, in biparental and cooperative breeding groups, the infants do not create a major fondness to the Continue reading...

There is clear positive relationship between imports and rate of economic growth of the country. The trade is considered favorable if the amount realized from the imports is more than the amount that was used to acquire them. Developing countries focus more on exporting their products while the developed countries will import more so that they can comfortably sustain their economy. Imports will always give pressure to the manufacturers to be more innovative on their production and apply methods that cut on costs so as to be able to compete with imports that are usually cheap.
International trade accelerates Continue reading...

Introduction

Smoking ban refers to the prohibition of smoking as part of public policies for occupational safety and health regulations in office buildings and public places like bars, restaurants, city parks, college campuses and even public beaches. The rationale used for introducing smoking ban was to prevent second hand smoking. It has been estimated that the number of deaths caused by second hand smoking in USA is more than 42,000 people every year including infants (CDC #1, 2014). Since the implementation of this ban has made it a troublesome for smokers to smoke freely in places of their choice, Continue reading...

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“One person’s abnormality is another person’s life.”-Alice Dreger

The extent to which one person’s abnormality is another person’s life is relative to the scope of anatomical normality or abnormality. Genetic abnormalities that relate to gender, otherwise known as anatomical sexual variation, are part of human intersexuality. Intersex is defined as the anatomical variation from the standard male or female gender, and is a pathological variable that require medical treatment. This means that an intersex child has the sexual anatomy of both genders.
Intersex genitals may therefore be a sign of an underlying medical condition, but they are not a medical problem. The Continue reading...

Temperament among children can be defined as the way in which they react and approach to the universe. Basically, it is personal style and innate personality. Researchers state that indeed Temperament influences the behavior of a child and also the way they interact with others. It is the general pattern of how kids interact and react to an environment that has been present from birth. However, temperament does not quite predict or define behavior, however, when families and providers fully understand a child’s temperament, they are in a better position to understand ways in which young children relate Continue reading...

Introduction

Teen's pregnancy is one of the major challenges facing most families in US. Teen's pregnancy results from unprotected sex amongst the teenagers (13 to 19 years). These early pregnancies are not desired because they are detrimental to the young mother and her child. The young mothers are cannot fully take care of the child because they are mostly in school and under care of the parents for financial supports. Therefore, teen pregnancies make most of these young mothers to jeopardise their education and overburden their parents. The major cause of these teen pregnancies includes; rape, peer pressure, negligence from Continue reading...

Research suggests that early childhood education is extremely important for the success of children as they age. Without proper early childhood education, children are set up for failure in their lives before they even begin to attend school; children who attend preschool programs, for instance, have a much easier time learning in the kindergarten and first grade classrooms than children who are immediately placed into those same classrooms (Edwards, Cutter-Mackenzie et al., 2014). Perhaps some of the most important skills that children learn in these early childhood educational experiences are not academic skills, but are the skills that they Continue reading...

Recent research has shown the importance of breastfeeding to infant babies for healthy growth and development of important organs such as the brain. Children who are breastfed developed a high IQ and a good cognitive functioning ability. The infant gets the nutrients from the mother inside the worm and through breast-feeding after birth. The mother's milk has important nutrients such as fatty acids (which promote neuronal growth), iodine, vitamins and carbohydrates. Prenatal maternal nutrition is concerned and addresses the nutrients that the infant gets during the pregnancy after birth which have an impact on the infant birth weight and Continue reading...

Hepatitis B Vaccination to Infants

Introduction
Hepatitis B is considered to be very common in the United States. A study that was conducted shows that over one million Americans are considered to be infected by Hepatitis B and over half of them have no idea they are infected (London, 2011). It is an illness that is very infectious. The virus responsible for Hepatitis B is called Hepatitis B virus. It spreads when un-infected person comes in contact with the semen, body fluids and blood of infected person and it founds itself inside his immune system. This mostly happens through sharing of needles during drug Continue reading...

Abstract

This paper is going to focus on the relationship between word learning in 6 months old. It will also look at the level of encoding of that words and retention. It was based on the hypothesis that young children relate words with objects. The experiment was conducted on a number of infants that were given different categories of analysis. The analysis included memory test and training. The results showed that the infants were able to relate words and objects after a repetition of the same for several occasions.

Introduction

Word learning is a process that requires the establishment of memory Continue reading...

Introduction

Zeus is one of the greatest Olympian gods. He is believed to have been a father of other Greek gods and men, and was parented by Rhea and Cronos. He was a brother to Hera, Poseidon, Demeter, Hades and Hestia. However, he ended up marrying his own sister Hera. Upon dividing the world amongst his siblings and himself, he ended up getting the heavens and all of the world’s upper regions. Zeus just like all other Olympian gods lived in Thessaly’s Mount Olympus. This mountain was understood to infiltrate with its patronizing summit into heaven. This paper Continue reading...

A stroll through the city at night and the picture is traumatizing, it was one of those days I had delayed my travels due to a puncture I encountered on the road. I did not have adequate cash to book myself lodging and therefore had to travel home late. What I saw on the streets that night changed my perspective and I thought to myself, I might not have had cash to book myself lodging but at least I had a home I could retire to after a tiresome day. I saw a number of people wrapped up in Continue reading...

Conflict of interest is one of the challenging scenarios among nurses. This is because it affects their service delivery and the attendance of clients based on allegiance either to individuals or a company. One of the scenarios where a nurse faces conflict of interest is when dealing with an infant in the Newborn Intensive Care Unit (Gott, 2000). There is a situation whereby the nurse knows exactly that the infant chances of survival are very minimal, yet the family f so optimistic of the situation (Joel, 2013). The family members are undergoing a lot of expenses for no reason; Continue reading...

Figure 1: Map of Africa showing the countries selected for this study

Introduction

Population dynamics affects a country’s development and the general contribution of the country or region to the global society. This paper examines the relative population growth of Africa using ten countries from the continent (Libya, Angola, Kenya, Cameroon, Guinea, Mauritania, Botswana, Ghana, Chad and Madagascar) in comparison to five countries from other regions. The U.S.A, Ukraine (former Soviet Union), South Korea (Asia), Qatar (Middle East), Brazil (South America) are the countries selected to compare to the African countries. This paper presents ranking of the fifteen countries Continue reading...

Is It Ideal To Top Up Breast Milk With Formula?

While this turns to be a very2 touchy subject concerning parenting, it is important to analyze some of the facts surrounding the matter critically. In a bid to do so, different schools of thought express a variety of opinions, identifying why they are for or against the argument. This paper focuses on the argument by Lisa Clegg (56), who presents her argument in favor of the subject.
In her book,“The Blissful Baby Expert”, Lisa agrees that topping up breast milk with a little formula is indeed acceptable. Lisa argues that breastfeeding and milk production in the mother is Continue reading...

Since the early civilizations, man has desired to establish his dominance to the world and find alternative means to improve living and sustain progress. The struggle to progress had been difficult and marred with conflict and mortalities despite the advent of technology and international politics. However, progress cannot be attained without consequences as several nations are now experiencing cases of extreme poverty and hunger, mortality and inequality even in developed Many proposals have been given by world leaders, especially on the issue of poverty, hunger, and child mortality, but none had been extensive as compared to the United Nations Continue reading...

Introduction

Learning is a complex exercise which requires a conducive atmosphere and surrounding. In fact, research studies suggest that conducive a conducive learning environment is importance in preparing a learner for the learning process (Hue and Li, 2008). This paper shows how an environment promotes positive interactions and behaviors among learners. For purposes of effectively covering the objective of the study, the paper will present the findings of an observation made from a visit on a childcare facility that hosts three different classrooms with students of different ages. Finally, the paper will reflect on the experience of the school visit Continue reading...

- Introduction
The prevalence of obesity has been on a steady increase in the last 3 decades to the extent that it has become a major public health concern (Bell & Zimmerman, 2010). This trend has been attributed to environmental factors that prevent or inhibit healthy eating and active life. Parallel to the prevalence of obesity and overweight has been the reduction in sleep duration. The longer working hours, in a bid, to make more money, and the growing 24-hour internet and cable TV entertainment have led to many people sleeping fewer hours than the recommended 6-8 hours . This has Continue reading...

In his book Animal Rights and Human Obligations Peter Singer makes some interesting arguments concerning the issue of animal rights.

His main argument is that just as we, as a society, have learned that all people are equal, regardless of skin color or gender, we need to learn that all animals are equal, regardless of species.
Because this assertion may, at first encounter, seem absurd, he quickly clarifies what he means by it. Singer does not suggest that all other animals have exactly the same rights as people have. He uses the example of men and women:
“Many feminists hold that women have the right to an abortion on request. It does not follow that since these same people Continue reading...

Infant Behavior and Development

INFANT BEHAVIOR AND DEVELOPMENT
Infants have a tendency to prefer one care provider to another under distress. For instance, if the mother is the primary caregiver, the infant feels more attached to her than it feels to its father. The primary caregiver refers to the parent with whom the child spends most of its time with.
When a child is in pursuit of closeness or physical contact for that matter, they prefer the individual who is more likely to be responsible for them when they are sick or when hurt. When separated from their caretakers babies appear to be Continue reading...

Infant Mortality

Infant Mortality
Infant mortality is basically the death of a child that has not attained one year. The population heath and consequently infant mortality of a population in this paper will be the outcomes of a specified group of individuals and the distributions of the results within the group. The groups can be any amalgamation of people including by geographical areas or even ethnicity.
Access to healthcare is the single most determiner of infant mortality of a population. To begin, the infants who are delivered in a hospital have lesser chances of developing complications than those delivered elsewhere. In Continue reading...

Business Ethics Comparison

INTRODUCTION
The People’s Republic of China has evolved into becoming a major actor in the global economic system. The population of the People’s Republic of China is assessed at 1.3 billion people. The GDP of the People’s Republic of China has been experiencing unprecedented increase over the past decade. Notwithstanding, the GDP per capita is less than a number of developing nations. The People’s Republic of China demonstrates market potential that very few countries have shown (Fang 10). This research paper will review the differences in business ethics, legal systems and business practices of The Continue reading...

Abstract

It was Jean Piaget who first suggested that children learn by schema, or “a cohesive, repeatable action sequence possessing component actions that are tightly interconnected and governed by a core meaning' (Piaget.org, 2014). All human learning, according to Piaget, can be defined by these intellectual building blocks, or schema. Tantrums are behaviors that are learned by children, and as a result have to be governed by schema if Piaget’s theory on learning can be considered correct. The development of intentional or goal-setting behavior is correlated with the development of tantrum behavior in toddlers.
- Purpose
All children have “ Continue reading...

Attachment Disorder

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Attachment Disorder

Introduction

Attachment is the affection between the people bound by the relationships. Attachment is strong if it get develops at the time when the child is at infant age. Similarly, if the attachment is not formed or broken when a child is an infant then the child may become a victim of reactive attachment disorder. A person who suffers from the reactive attachment disorder is unable to develop the attachment relationship with any other human being. Consequently, the person remains solitude. Therefore, this disorder should be Continue reading...

Question 2: Guard Dogs & Watch Dogs

Corporate America had grown so powerful and pervasive that it can manipulate the government and its agencies to further its goals. Ideally, the government, which comprises the executive, Congress, and the judiciary, is expected to regulate the economy. While the judiciary has remained largely independent (even though ideological factors still play a role), Congress and the executive have become too deeply entangled with private individuals and firms that policy decision-making is not always driven by public interest. Harvey (2007) argues that the rise of neoliberalism in key countries across the world has seen the reduction of the power of Continue reading...

Environmental factors and Health Promotions Pamphlet

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Part I: Environmental factors and Health Promotions Pamphlet

Preventive Measures Against The Environmental Factors That Can Affect The Health Of Infants.
Preventive Guidelines
Introduction:
Infant care is the huge responsibility of parent and care givers. The environmental factors are the fundamental elements that are to be monitored to secure the potential hazards of the health and safety of infants. The most evident factor in this lieu is the water consumption. Polluted and contaminated water can cause massive harm to the health of the infant. The immune system of the infants is not developed to survive the consumption of polluted or contaminated water. Hence, the Continue reading...

Part I: Food Analysis and Comparison of Diet IntakeBelow is a table showing my dietary intakes as compared to the RDI required dietary needs of an adult.

So as to reach my dietary requirements, the following nutritional changes need to be considered.

- Increase my calcium and vitamin D intakes so as to help maintain bone health. Vitamin D-fortified or fat free milk or yoghurt on a daily basis would help me reach my target. Other foods that are rich in calcium include cereals, fruit juices, canned fish and dark green leafy vegetables. Multivitamin supplements with vitamin D will also help.
- I also need 100µg more folic acid in my daily diet Continue reading...

A baby and parents are pieces of the one unit called family. From baby’s first yell, the world for two starts to change with the impressive quickness and every single day brings new discoveries not only for a child, but also for happy parents. The interaction between parents and their child is very interesting and productive; often, parents don’t even notice how baby is affecting their word outlook once and forever, positively or negatively, but always irreversibly (Leach, 1989). Children, especially infants, need to feel the endearment and caring; just parents are the first teachers for their Continue reading...

Introduction

Marriage between two individuals is mostly based on the notion of love. People who like to spend time with their partner often agree to marry because that is the culturally acceptable way of living in most societies. In recent years, there has been a growing trend towards same-sex marriage. However, many societies still don’t accept same-sex marriage because it is unnatural or against law because generally, marriage is linked with producing children. Some people argue that same-sex marriage cannot produce children; it is also argued that same-sex marriage is not allowed in any religion. Apart from these sacred Continue reading...

Categorically, in Alexander Hamilton's Report on Manufactures, he believes the government has a responsibility in the economy. Hamilton asserts that in order to protect the independence of the US, the government ought to possess a sound policy with a role in encouraging the growth and development manufacturing industry (Hamilton n.p.). Hamilton explains that through the mentioned government role, everlasting feature of the US economic system would get secured.
Prevalently, Hamilton had two major proposals. The cited proposals got based on tariffs and provision of subsidies to the US industries. Hamilton’s proposal on tariffs was that the tariff ought Continue reading...

Brief Description of the Lead Organization

The lead Organization charged with this assessment is Triodia consultancy. It is an Australian NGO, which provides specialized training services and project management for communities. Their mandate includes landscaping, native vegetation, horticultural and community gardening management projects. It is a specialization in service-delivery for the Aboriginal communities in Australia. Triodia’s bases its services on two main areas, namely, training and project management (Australian Indigenous)

Statement of the Nutritional Problem

Breastfeeding naturally provides ideal nourishment for the infant. Children who have various self-limiting illnesses require lots of breast milk. The lower solute load of breast milk keeps the baby well hydrated despite their fever Continue reading...

Infant and Toddler Development

Infant and Toddler Development
“A person’s a person, no matter how small.” The underlying message in this quote is that people should not get dismissed because they are less powerful or appear smaller in comparison to us. It means that everyone’s interest and opinions should receive due respected even when coming from people not in power or less educated you. Most people tend to dismiss the individual needs of children. Such attitudes are disrespectful. We should know that children have individual needs, and the caregivers should help the children be the best they can be (Genius, 2014).
Continue reading...

Abstract

Conditional cash transfer programs are considered as an effective approach to help countries reduce child mortality and improve maternal health.The purpose of this article was to evaluate the effectiveness of conditional cash transfer in the reduction of child mortality and also examine impact of the program on population health through a case study from Brazil, Bolsa Familia conditional cash transfer program. The article summarizes a significant positive correlation between the program implementation and decline in the infant mortality rate i.e. 9.3 percent decline in infant mortality rate and 24.3 percent decline in the post neonatal mortality rate.The articlefurther highlightsthe Continue reading...

Other Details

Introduction
Psychodynamics is an approach to Psychology that systematically analyzes human behavior and studies the forces that drive behavior (WebMD, 2006). Therapists attempt to understand the personality of patients and help them deal with their problems. The Psychodynamic model is one of the first models to be used for analysis of personality. Psychoanalytical approach was first developed by Sigmund Freud (1856–1939). This approach to treatment is non intensive and includes no more than three to five sessions a week. It is based on the principle that an individual shows abnormal behavior when he is engaged in a conflict Continue reading...

PSYCHOLOGY

Psychology
3a.
This is a very wide research problem. An infant named MB was reviewed. The infant was two months of age and was in the stages of infancy. MB spent the majority of her time resting. In the time that MB was awake, there were several experiments that has d been conducted in order to examine her reflexes. MB demonstrated consistent signs of reflex activity with the exceptions of the tonic neck and stepping reflex. MB did not have the capacity of holding her head upright and did not demonstrate any signs of motor development initiations. MB’s Continue reading...