Essays on Observation

English

Foucault talks about the devastation of the plague and how it nearly decimated the whole of Europe. The plague left scores of people dead and thousands more dying. The whole of Europe was infected, and the air smelled of decaying bodies, and filled with airborne diseases. In such a situation when medical help was inconsequential, and the number of dead was rising by the minute due to physical contact between the affected and unaffected, the only way to contain further spread of the plague was to enforce law to stop people from spreading the disease. He argues that it

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This paper is going to examine field research and web-based research as two methods of research. Field research involves collection and analysis of information outside the workplace. The researcher identifies the topic of research and goes to the field to collect the information in the real world. This method involves many ways of collecting data. It may be from simple observation of the subjects in their natural environment (Emerson, 2001). In other cases, the researcher has to target specific subjects using tools such as interviews, questionnaires, or focus group discussions. In other cases, the researcher might integrate themselves with

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What types of research questions in political science might be especially well-suited for investigation using observational techniques? Provide a theoretical overview linking several (though not necessarily all) of the week's readings

The paper seeks to explore the scope of observational techniques as a method of empirical data collection. These observational techniques include participant and non-participant observation methods. The paper analyzes some of the research questions to put into consideration when using observational techniques in research. The paper tries to give a quick analysis that updates some of the empirical findings in another setting.

Research questions for investigation using observational techniques

- Is the data you want

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Similarities between ethnographic and phenomenological research methods

Both ethnographic and phenomenological methods are non-experimental, qualitative and descriptive (Osborne, 1994).
Data analysis and interpretation is done in a similar manner and can be very difficult since data has to be organized, transcribed, synthesized and coded. This process is often very tedious and time consuming (Osborne, 1994).

Differences between ethnographic and phenomenological research methods

In ethnographic research, the researcher seeks to understand and describe shared cultural and social experiences of a certain group. He/she will live among the culture under observation so as to fully understand the culture they are observing. Phenomenology involves research based on the fact that there are numerous ways to interpret

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Identification of each individual from the massive inventory of living organisms requires appropriate classification system. This system allows not only identification of all specimens that are already collected, but also allows identification of the newly discovered organisms in the future. The classification system is robustly based on science and logic, so this system is universally applicable.
The classification system starts by grouping the specimens into two major categories namely animals and plants. In general, animals are grouped by the presence of appendages that implies the ability to move on their own while plants are grouped together based on the

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What rules and conventions are customers expected to follow in a supermarket? How does the behavior of Queenie and her friends violate these rules?
The name Queenie has given by Sammy to the beautiful girl who takes two of her friends to the supermarket in bathing suits. She is completely new person for Sammy, and he gets inspired by her tantalizing and regal appearance. The customers need to follow a dress code according to the rules and conventions of the supermarket. For service, every customer has to wear shirt and shoes as it is a need. However, Queenie and

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The observation covered both young and adult available in the facility. General hygiene of the facility was the main item to investigate during this observation. Health is one of the critical parts in the life of a human being. In the facilities where children stay, there is a need to observe health rules for children to stay away from contagious diseases. Children are vulnerable to very many diseases that arise from negligence of hygiene.
Both the children and adult observed hand washing. Most children kept the rule of washing hands whenever required they did not disobey the teachings from

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Investigational Techniques

Sociologists use many distinct methods to investigate society as well as social behavior. A number of sociological studies include ethnography designed to show the traits of a group of people as completely as feasible. The author describes case study and survey research as research methods used in sociological studies.
In the opinion of Neuman (2009), for a case study investigation, the researcher studies a small group of people or an individual having unusual situation or condition. Case studies are normally clinical in their scope. The researcher sometimes employs self-report measures in acquiring quantifiable data concerning a subject.

Survey Research

Survey research

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The landscape of Cheney/EWU reveals a lot about the cultural, geographic and demographic setting upon which it’s part of. It provides a lot of information, therefore, when observed closely.
The landscape features observed are varied, from the imposing buildings in campus, to the harmonious blend with the green countryside, an observation of the landscape in and around Cheney campus is quite telling. The campus portrays a conscious effort at erecting an institution that is in synch with its surroundings. The effort taken to plant a blend of trees, punctuating the buildings in Cheney helps in merging the modern

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“There are only two ways in which humankind can produce knowledge: through passive observation or through active experiment.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?
The argument whether knowledge can be attained through passive observation or active experiment defines the meaning of knowledge. When you look at two people argue, philosophers argue this is passive knowledge of the argument as you are not actively being engaged in the argument. However, as you argue with your friend, this is defined as active knowledge since you are in a position to experience the argument and get to know something

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Men and women tend to behave in different and distinct ways in the process of socialization. There are specific actions that men as well as women either consciously or unconsciously do that depict the gendered roles assigned by the society. The following is a summary of an observation on the gendered roles in both men and women in a cafeteria. The observation lasted for one hour.
I observed a total of twenty-two men and eighteen women. Fifteen men and sixteen women came accompanied (one man was accompanied by two women). The rest came unaccompanied. Whereas it is expected that

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English Speakers of Other Languages

In the study of the particular filed experience, an important aspect which has been obtained is that of second language acquisition. Particularly for English speakers of other languages, it is an important factor that influences understanding and communication. One particular theory of second language acquisition is behaviorism theory that state language is basically a set of structures and acquisition of the same is dependent on habit formation . In other words, it states that acquisition of a language is dependent on the acquisition of automatic linguistic habits. The reason this theory is highlighted here is Rashel has exhibited the same

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Training and development is a necessary action that the human resources departments in many organizations undertake to improve the skills of the employees. This enhances not only productivity of the company, but also the employees’ motivation thus creating a positive company image. Organizations that have a positive public image are able to attract talent in the workforce. Training and development involve learning new methods of performing various activities. The managers can learn how to improve the performance of the organization through effective management of the workforce. Learning entails a process where people gain knowledge through experience. The learning cycle

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Observational learning is present in human’s life from the very beginning. It is a specific learning process based on the observation of the other people’s behavior as a source of getting new knowledge. Observational learning is essential for motor skills acquisition during all period of human life.
It is one of the most important abilities of human brain that is always changing and is connected with the vision. These synapses hit a peak at 10 months and then they gradually fall till 10 years age when they flatten out. This pattern plays the key role for the

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This court observation report is based on a trial that I attended on Monday November 17, 2014 as part of course work in business law. The goal was to observe two hours of actual live court proceedings at any local state courthouse in order to get a real-world experience in a courtroom, including interaction with participants, and to gain an appreciation and understanding of the litigation environment involving businesses.
The court case was ANGLO-DUTCH ENERGY LLC vs. CRAWFORD HUGHES OPERATING CO; a lawsuit of 3.5 million dollars over four oil wells between the two oil companies. I attended this

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Part I: Observation

This report aims to better understand the social organization and behavior of Propithecus coquereli. The species is more commonly referred to as Coquerel's sifaka and it is native to the island nation of Madagascar off the eastern coast of Mozambique. Like other primates, Coquerel’s sifaka is a species that adheres to an intricate, and hierarchical social structure. Between primates, however, more idiosyncratic behaviors exist that generalizations of a species offer little by way of understanding unique characteristics and social nuances. In this report, two primates named Lucy (female) and Ricky (male) are observed. Although their monikers suggest that

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Introduction

Philosophy is all about questioning and setting the rules to find out the truth and its different approaches. It defines the abstract concepts and emphasizes on logic with rules of argumentation. Philosophy has researched science with good detail and influenced scientific inventions by thorough reasoning and intellectual thought (Popper, 2014). The subject of philosophy went deep down and developed various approaches, scientific method, and practices of science, adopting the strategy of discovering the facts, mechanisms, and laws to study the natural world. Science is a collection of knowledge, which is based upon predictions and testable explanation. As a result,

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The first person logs into the site and heads straight to the buying section and lazily scroll through as if he is looking for nothing specific at first. The user is relaxed and seems to be in no hurry to settle on one commodity. He then looks for other better deals by looking at the various offers available. The eBay user seems to be very keen on checking on the postage cost.
The user does not use the sellers section at all. He says he only buys on eBay and has never had the experience of being a seller

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Service encounters have indeed received significant attention from various researchers of pragmatics and discourse analysts who have investigated numerous aspects of talk-in-interactions. Service interactions can best be understood as the social interactions that often exist between the customers and service providers. Many scholars have established that service encounter interactions usually ensue from a regular pattern that is systematic and has five stages (Duranti 2009 p 54).The organization of the pattern typically begins with the opening stage, in which communication is paramount. The second is the stage in which the customer requests for the service. The third is the

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A Summary of My Observations

<Author’s Name>
<Institutional Affiliation>

Context and Focus

This documentation includes two parts of my observation. The first one is observing class and its students while taking their Speaking Class. I paid attention on the behavior and how the students responded during the discussion of their assignments in the class. The second part of this documentation is to look at the other side of the fence, that is, from the perspective of the teacher. I observed how the teacher conducted her class, what her approaches are and how the students responded to her methods. Based from this, I will draw

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Qualitative Research

Introduction
The field of social sciences is primarily concerned with making sense of the world around us. The question of how to study the social world, however, unleashes a number of intense philosophical debates. These debates chiefly revolve around ‘ontological’ issues, denoting ‘what is there to know about the world’. Ontological debates concern themselves with questions about whether the social world contains truths independent of human observation or whether it is human interpretation that gives meaning to phenomena. Hidden in this debate is the tension between qualitative and quantitative research methods and the tension over the use of numbers

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Observation is the first possible way for each and every of us to learn something about the outside world in our lives. Children are copycatting the things like language, manners or the role models from parents and family. It is the initial method of acquiring information for every human being. But does it mean that this way of learning is the ultimate method of learning? In this paper, I will define this issue in the case of my personal experience.
On the contrary, such way of perception of information can harm a student`s learning. Firstly, this method had

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The developmental expectations of a male child, approximate age 3. 5 years old were observed on a mild summer day in the toddler play area of an outside shopping mall. It being mid morning, the play yard was occupied by four to nine children at various times during the one hour observation. The child under observation displayed motor and social developmental milestones appropriate to expected benchmarks and was supervised by an attentive mother, and accompanied by a younger sibling. The play area is in an upscale, suburban shopping mall and consists of a series of low, rounded nature-themed climbing

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Optical microscopy – is the technical field of studying objects using optical microscopes. Optical microscopes are devices that use visible light rays as both eye works in the optical wavelength range. So, optical microscopes could not have diffraction limits resolution less than 0.2 micrometers (200 nanometers) and with maximum magnification up to 2000 times. The human eye is a biological optical system, characterized by a certain resolution - the smallest distance between the elements of the observed object, while they can still be distinguished from one another. For a normal eye, at a distance from the object to the so-called.

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Purpose of Study

This study is a qualitative review on effective classroom management. It will identify appropriate strategies that teachers can employ to keep their students actively involved in all of their classroom lessons.

Description of Participants/Sample

The population/sample for this research includes teacher and a group of lower high school grade seven students.
The Research Design/Data Analysis
Research design, which examines the participants'/sample's definitions, goals and characteristics include, case study and grounded theory. The case study and grounded theory involve: (1) the purpose of the study (2) methods of data collection (3) data analysis and (4) outcomes

Methods of Data Collection

The data collection methods give update on

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Knowledge from the time of infancy to the time of death is acquired through the methods of learning, education, observation and through the use of reason. I want to shed light on the importance of knowledge to an individual’s life and how wealth in knowledge helps improve one’s lifestyle. It’s a fact of today’s life that wealth in education translates to success in careers; however knowledge gained in the process of educating oneself is important. Through experience and observation one is more aware of his/her surrounding and is equipped to influence such factors or situations

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.

Research methodology implies the process of collecting information relevant to a field of study for the purpose of deducing conclusions and decision making (Berger, 2011). It is a means of finding out the results of a given need or problem on a matter also referred to as a research problem. Methodology refers to the theoretical analysis of methods appropriate to a field of study. In methodology, a researcher uses different criteria for searching the solution to the given research problem, which may include interviews, surveys, questionnaires, publication research, and observation amongst others (Kothari, 2005). In research methodology, a researcher

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Overview

Public agencies have until recently not been engaging in succession planning. Succession planning is the process by which an organization plans for and replaces outgoing managers, executives and selected chief employees. Such employees initially held vital positions affecting the success of the organization, and preparing for succession is critical to the success of an organization in its present and future plans. The process of succession planning includes carrying out preparations of how the organization will select and recruit successors, the most effective way to handle changes between executives and how to build upon its successors (Todnem & Macleod, 2009).
The

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Introduction

When objects are accelerated, inertia-forces are generated. This is the case with rotating machine elements. The design of such parts must ensure that they perform their intended work under all the existing combinations of service loads and rotational forces or inertia forces. The rotation of a machine element results in an external vibrating force. The shaking force disturbs the supporting frame of the machine and the adjacent parts. It is also worth to note that the vibration generated by rotating machine elements and consequently the associated noise is also a serious problem to the machine operators. Therefore, it is

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Education is a form of learning in which knowledge habits and skills of groups individuals is transferred from one person to the other inform of teaching, training and research. It takes place under the guidance of teachers and trainers, an experience that is formative on one way of thinking is considered education. It is divided into the following categories pre-school, primary, secondary, and tertiary school which includes university and colleges. This paper seeks to discuss the observation and its impacts, how learning can be enhanced on student. While tackling the paper one should consider parenting, society, races and technology

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The following are the objectives of this experiment:

Experimental Apparatus
The following apparatus were used in the experiment:
- One hydraulic bench
- Osborne Reynolds flow visualization apparatus
- A digital flow meter
- A mercury thermometer
- 1 liter of Purple vegetable dye
The Osborne Reynolds flow visualization apparatus used in the experiment is as shown in Fig. 1.
Figure 1: Osborne Reynolds flow visualization apparatus

Apparatus description

Osborne Reynolds apparatus consists of a vertical transparent pipe where the water flows. A valve is used to vary/adjust the flow rate or the velocity of water flow. The vegetable ink is injected into the water on the upper part

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This assignment involves submitting two drafts of the paper. The requirements for the first draft and the second draft are the same. First draft must include all the components of the assignment and thus has to be prepared after conducting your observation.
“Service Encounters” project is modeled onBailey’s research presented inhispaper,“Communication of Respect in Interethnic Service Encounters,” (Chapter 46, Blum reader).Re-readBailey’spaperbeforestartingtheproject.
Maximum credit available for the first draft is 50 points. Any points over 50 points allowed for the first draft will be credited as bonus points. Maximum credit available for the final draft is

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Terry Cooper and Louis Gawthrop assume a different approach on matters of ethics especially in the public sector. They bring out the nuances that characterize operations in the public sector. Gawthrop takes us through the historical developments in the governance of the United States of America. He outlines the progress which begins with the presidency of George Washington. Interestingly, Gawthrop appreciates the bureaucracy which was formally introduced by President Wilson Woodrow. Woodrow essentially sought to distinguish between the political unit of government and the administrative unit. He considered the latter as the bureaucracy. It is this bureaucracy that is

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Questions Answered

Question 1
The number of times the observation is done, number of observers, and the time of the observation are the main choices to consider when using the observation method.

Question 2

When constructing a survey, an evaluator should employ the language of the potential interviewee. The evaluator should also make sure that the survey is brief and contains clear instructions; make each survey item a single question; use many questions to obtain data on a particular variable; complement the data entry method; test the efficiency of the survey using a pilot sample; and embrace consistency in survey wording and formatting.

Question 3

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Name1Name: Professor Name: Title: Date: Review Test Submission Quiz 2Q1. What choices will you need to make when planning to collect observation data? Please state at least four for this 10 points question. When planning to collect the observation data, focus on the observation, for example everything that can be observed based on behaviors or cases or specific situations, how many observers should be used for the observation, how many observations should be made, how long the evaluation should last are the four choices we need to make.Q2. State at least six steps the evaluators should follow when taking

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I did my observation at The Grace B. Luhrs University Elementary School (GBLUES). The school works in joint agreement with the University of Shippensburg, and this laboratory school is also attached to the university’s College of Education and Human Services. The Luhrs School has a reputation of being the first certified green school building in Pennsylvania, as the building is designed to be energy efficient with minimum environmental impact. The school has a healthy, appealing and pleasing physical environment and is known to be a role model for other school districts in Pennsylvania.
In my 12 hours of

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Group counseling in the schools

Group counseling in the schools

Overview of the article

In their article Group counseling in the schools, Pérusse et al (2009) give a detailed description of group counseling in the school context. The article remarkably outlines the effectiveness of the approach in the school setting. Additionally, Pérusse et al (2009) explicate the various types of groups, and the different types of interventions applied in group counseling. Worth noting is the reality that the article prominently addresses the different effective strategies used in the process of forming groups in the school environment. Perhaps the most striking feature about the article is the

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Abstract

Early childhood education is a concept used to refer to the act of teaching a child outside his or her home with the help of a teacher or a tutor. Early childhood education takes the form of schooling the child in a formal setting away from home. Early childhood in most nations is undertaken at the age of below five years. Assessment on the other hand refers to the process of planning on how to equip a person with knowledge, attitudes and skills (Highscope, 2009). Early childhood education system requires assessment to determine the suitability of the various topics

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The most effecting theory to apply in a bid to motivate employees is the self-efficacy theory. It is a strategy that usually focuses on the effectiveness of employees while performing specific duties. This motivation theory postulate that employees that believe that they are extremely efficient feel, think, and perform in a different way from those who do not consider themselves to be efficient. Therefore, the self-efficacy theory of motivation looks at the functioning aspect as the key to motivating employees. The most distinctive feature of this theory is self-reflection hence employees are encouraged to evaluate themselves as an antecedent

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Critical thinking requires people to use their inferences and assumptions in order to draw a conclusion to the things they come across in their day to day life. It involves using all the tools necessary to analyze the value and nature of the things that surround us. In this case, we shall focus on two basic techniques used for investigating phenomena and acquiring knowledge. They will also help us to determine ways of correcting and integrating knowledge that was acquired in the past. This paper will attempt to portray the difference between scientific inquiries and the everyday assumptions made

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