Essays on Innovation

Discussion Question

- Financial Analysis is one of the most important concepts come under the ambit of finance (Eisen, p.12). The applicability and effectiveness of financial analysis could not be derailed from any aspect. John, who just completed his finance course, should take the course of business analysis after completing his course in Finance. Financial Analysis would certainly add value in his educational portfolio, if he really wishes to make his career in the capital markets. Financial analysis would enable John to assess the financial competitiveness of the companies and analyze the investment procedure effectively.

- Economic or financial crisis ...

- Please characterize IDEO’s organization, including its organizational culture and management a) Management is facilitating innovation at IDEO with voting on ideas. Please describe if that’s true or not and argue for why or why not they do it. As the company promoted flat organization, management in IDEO was not voting on ideas to push forward. All ideas were presented to all employees during “show-and-tells” in order to get feedback from all colleagues, not just the management team. This helped to reinforce the sense of equality and in IDEO that was a cornerstone of the company strategy. b) What happens to IDEO’s teams after they have formed them? The teams disband and form them a new each time. c) What can you say about formal titles in the organization? Formal titles do not exist. d) What else do you find typical about management in the organization? Please describe. Informal management and collaboration are very typical about IDEO. Employees were encouraged to bring creativity out even when designing their workspace. Formal titles and clothes were not used. Furthermore in IDEO people were rarely fired, but encouraged for good performance. Moreover, small work groups made it possible for every employee to contribute. e) What is the tech box? Please describe its purpose in one sentence: Tech boxes are big “shoeboxes” that contained different gadgets and other curiosities. Their main objective was to inspire innovators, who were always invited to check out its content and to try out these innovative products.

2. What is typical of IDEO’s innovation process? Please explain your reasoning. Perhaps the most common trait of IDEO’s innovation process is its informality and collaborative knowledge. The innovation in IDEO started from brainstorming and prototyping, the two activities that went almost hand in hand. It was important to generate as many ideas as possible in the shortest possible time and to start developing the project based on these ideas. Brainstorming in small groups were also common during product development phase, in order to make sure that the team is still on the same page and no new idea is lost. The multitude of ideas created to creation of relatively many prototypes, however this was considered a positive thing, rather than a waste and every prototype failure was perceived as a lesson learnt.

What is innovation? Is it when you wake up in the morning and discover a new way to reach that part of your back above the spinal cord, and be able to scrub it? Is it when you have no idea of fixing your car, but you manage through a trial and error method? Most people use the famous Greek word Eureka to show a level of accomplishment, where a number of cases do not display any sense of innovation. Innovation activities should result to either creation of new wealth producing resources or endow an existing resource ...

An investment strategy is a portfolio allocation or a management plan that is aimed at equating risk to returns. It involves dividing diversified investments equally between fixed income securities and equities. For a comprehensive understanding of an efficient market, we consider two global investors; these are Blackstone Group and Morgan Stanley's. We shall explore the various investment strategies applied by these firms in their daily operations.

The two firms have joined to form a joint venture and operate in the real estate industry where they have invested at least $170 million each. In their growth trend, these two companies have exploited both ...

1. Context: hospital/clinic name, details The article entitled “Kansas Hospital’s Failed EMR Project Shows Peril of Vendor Relations Gone Bad” written by Joel Schectman and published online in the CIO Journal presented issues relative to EMR implementation in Girard Medical Center, reportedly a hospital in Kansas. According to Schectman, the hospital planned to implement the EMR in 2010 and contracted the Cerner Corporation in September that year. It was acknowledged to supposedly be one of the biggest vendors of electronic medical records . However, the article revealed that the hospital was apparently alleging that the failure in successfully implementing ...

Who votes and why? Of those who vote, what factors influence how they vote? How does who votes impact the interests represented in public policy? Marriott, David R. M&a Litigation, 2013. New York, N.Y: Practising Law Institute, 2013. Print.

Aarts, Kees, André Blais, and Hermann Schmitt. Political Leaders and Democratic Elections. Oxford: OUP Oxford, 2011. Internet resource. \ This book gives an elaboration of the impact of voters in policy implementation as shown by the civic movements and representation in the implementation of projects in the economy of a country. The book also states state that the rates ...

Question 1

The starting point for Mr. Runyan was his dissatisfaction with the industry of dry cleaners in his home town. He identified key flaws in KC’s dry cleaners: dirty facilities, rude workers and use of chemicals, which created barriers for new entrants. Mr. Runyan discovered that if he focuses his strategy on the abovementioned factors, he will gain competitive advantage on the market. Afterwards, Mr. Runyan conducted his own research and found out that he could use liquid carbon dioxide in the cleaning process. This innovative technology would give him an opportunity to enter the market, as he will ...

Overview of Program Evaluation

Introduction Evaluation is a term that is not abstract in definition due to the varied angles of approach and application that several individuals and organization can adopt to carry out an evaluation. Essentially though the common element in all forms of evaluations is that evaluations are a measure of efficiency, effectiveness and impact. Efficiency measures the productivity of the phenomena under evaluation while effectiveness measures the degree of goals and objectives accomplishment. Impact on the other hand measures the changes that are involved (Boulmetis & Dutwin, 2005). This paper presents an analysis of the importance of evaluation followed by a discussion on ...

United States of America President Mr. Barack Obama guided in the formation of a health care bill, officially known as the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and known as ObamaCare Bill, signed on 23 March, 2010. The bill has received constant speculation and scrutiny. Here is reviewed the article Crucial Rule Is Delayed a Year for Obama’s Health Law posted to the website The New York Times by Jackie Calmes and Robert Pear on 2 July, 2013. This article describes recent development in the implementation of the ObamaCare Act, the delay of a mandate ...

The proposals for plants to many American companies are treated like any other investment. The migration of companies has tremendously eroded the domestic potential that are required to convert inventions into cost-competitive products and high quality; hence, damaging the ability of America to be the leader in various sectors. It is difficult for companies to determine the opportunity that manufacturing is necessary to innovation issues and the moment that it is safe to outsource to reduce capital outlays and lower costs. There are better sourcing decisions based on a framework that will enable reinvigorate American economy that is driven by ...

Abstract

Change is said to be constant and may affect an organization either positively or negatively. Surprisingly, even when change is expected to yield positive results or will bring growth and development to the organization, employees still have the audacity resist it. This has brought about the conclusion that people always resist to change. Our organization is not an exception. In this respect, this report identifies a strategy which the organization may adopt to reduce resistance to change. The report will also explain why such a strategy will be effective and appropriate for the organization.

Introduction

The organization should seek to understand the ...

Strategic planning denotes the process through which managers assess the company’s future prospects and make a decision on suitable strategies for attaining long-term goals (Heizer & Render, 2014). This paper discusses three approaches to devising and implementing strategy namely economic imperative, political imperative, and quality imperative. Moreover, selects an imperative that can best function for Apple Inc.

Economic imperative is a global strategy based on differentiation, cost leadership, as well as segmentation. On contrary, political imperative denotes strategic formulation as well as implementation using strategies, which are nation-responsive and developed to protect or promote local market niches.

On the other ...

Overview

Reversed engineering is referred to as the process of producing or creating another object following a detailed specification, construction, composition, and examination of the object’s existing components. Other definitions also include going through the development cycle in backwards and discovering the mechanism of an object by taking it apart and assembling back components with a new or manipulated function.

Project Specifications

For this reversed engineering project, the objective is to Increase the lamp’s current 3.3 voltage to 5.1 volts to brighten LED illumination. The electronic piece of equipment to be sampled for this project is a garden lamp, which is a simple lamp ...

An article is defined as a collection of written aspects that talk about a particular topic, and are written in a newspaper or magazine. The written aspects are not fiction. Focus on the recent business article about charges pressed by Apple Company when they claimed that Samsung duplicated their phones. The concept of this article is about consequences that a company endures when they try to outweigh their competitor by copying their products. It also throws a lesson to other companies to be innovative rather than depending on other company’s innovations (Daniels 72). The summary of the article is as follows:

This judgment ...

INTRODUCTION

Over years, many nursing homes have been victims of the fall incidence, making the geriatric long term-care care population at risk. Falls among nursing facilities has gone overboard, as they take place frequently, and repeatedly. For example, nearly 1800 older people staying in nursing homes die annually from fall and other fall related problems, while those who survive these falls, normally incur body fractures such as hip and head, resulting to reduced life quality and permanent disability. This issue has turned out to be a big problem to many nursing homes, thus the need to come up with real time ...

Business Law

Karla should be liable for Leroy’s extra expenses in providing for the hogs. Karla breached a written contract with Leroy after failing to transfer the ownership of the land before the date they had contracted or rather agreed upon (May 1). Essentially, the delayed transfer of ownership should be perceived as a unilateral breach, this was apparently acquiesced. In a unilateral breach, one party between the two legally competent parties pays his or her acquaintance to perform a certain duty upon which the other party is obliged to transfer back the funds once the duty has been accomplished (McKendrick & Cohen, 2005).

...

Continuous Improvement Projects in Hospitals: A Systematic Literature Review

The continuous improvement projects i.e., CIP, are the short term systematic mechanisms based on team work in order to reduce the variations and eliminate the waste from the systems and processes without any investment of capital in the organization. CIPs play a significant role in the hospitals, by addressing major issues in the hospital such as the efficiency of the internal process, quality of the healthcare delivery, service cost, coordination, and communication. The hospitals that are implementing CIPs are obtaining remarkable results, but as a matter of fact they lack the ability of sustaining the CIPs. Reference analysis and the content ...

Innovation and management of change are very important aspects of strategic management. It is vital to take a look at different perspectives of change management

Slide 2

Question 1: Explain van de ven poole models and terminology and describe two of change management theories from the curriculum?

Van de Ven and Poole made important contributions in change management. The Life cycle theory and the Dialectical theory are of great significance in organizations. Considering the Life cycle theory it is worth indicating that the underlying principle of this theory is that “change is imminent: that is, the developing entity has within it ...

Part 1 Job Reference Relevance

I hope to enter the corporate sector as a marketing executive or salesperson. There are several qualities about myself that I would like someone else to share about me. The first is that I am a hard worker. I am quite social, and I relate well with people. I am also very persuasive, an aspect that will come in handy in my work as a salesperson. I am very innovative, and I am always coming up with new ways of doing things. Finally, I am always willing to listen to my mistakes and to respond positively to criticism.

Response A

The ...

Globalization is a term used to explain the enhanced connectivity between nations, institutions, corporations, culture and people. It assumes a borderless world whereby ideas, finances, goods and services move freely across perceived boundaries that include borders, languages, governments and time. Some circles suggest we are in a second wave of globalization following the industrial revolution that emanated from England in the 18th century (Lewellen, 2002). The current wave of globalization has been prompted by the growth in communications, particularly in relation to advancements in, and widespread use of networked technologies.

Modernization can be interpreted as a western conception of industrialization. In a traditional ...

What is the impact of effective formulation and implementation of strategies for venturing in international and global operations in Heineken Inc?

Abstract

Global business strategy depicts the process under which organizations assesses the future prospects of the firm towards achieving its objectives. Every successful organization engages in strategic planning plus those with global business operations as they seek to position themselves towards taking full advantage of the worldwide trend and opportunities. The notion behind the strategic decisions is normally based on the specific objectives, power, relationships, performance, economic and resources, technological, social and cultural result in change of the strategy. International strategy embraces the determination based on the correct balance between the global standardization and the integration plus the local responsiveness. ...

Trust is very important in today’s business environment. Good business starts from the teamwork and teamwork cannot be achieved if team members do not trust one another.

So, why I trust needed so much to build a successful team? There might be hundreds of answers for this question, but first of all, I would like to say, that, trust is connecting people, and when they trust one another, they can better concentrate on the work. Today, the most successful business teams are like families, where family members trust each other. Team members can rely on their colleagues, and ...

Executive summary

The article goes on to state that Apple has earned the prestigious award of being the most innovative company by a survey conducted by Booz & Company. Apple swept off the award with 80 percent votes followed by Google earning only 43 percent votes. According to scholars, Apple focuses on innovation and believes in paying attention to small details and taking into consideration the general consumer appeal while making innovative products. This is one organization which pays extreme attention to integrate innovation in almost all domains like industrial design, hardware, retail, usability and software. It is one quality which helps Apple ...

Service Innovation is the improvement of the services a business offers to its clients through new ideas. Market-creating service innovation refers to an idea for enhancing a performance such that customers perceive it as offering new benefits of sufficient to an extent appeal that it significantly influences their behavior and that of competing companies (Berry, et al, 2006).

Service innovations differ from product innovation by being labor-intensive since delivery staff are part of the innovation. In addition, service innovations must be decentralized or taken closer to the clients if they are to meaningful to the target market. Service innovations also ...

Influence on Behavioral Family Therapy- B.F Skinner's

Techniques used in Behavioral Therapy - Keeping of records - Implosion - Desensitization - Extinction - On task - Premack principle - Modeling

Basic Behavioral Concepts

- Learning Theory

Behavior modification

- Situations where its applicable - Use of Reinforcements

Contributions of Behavioral Therapy

- Benefit - Limitations Key areas that behavioral scientists take an interest in because of Skinner’s influence include the way people act, what people learn and their outcome of their behavior. Behavioral scientists follow certain steps when conducting therapy to a family under stress.

Steps involved in Behavioral Therapy

The first stage involves preliminary assessment and description of the ...

Introduction.

Definition: Technology is the is a division that majorly focuses on creation, usage and the familiarity of machines, tools, techniques or modes of organization in an effort to unravel a lingering problem or execute a specific task. It is also an entity of knowledge and skills that deals with the design and the application of technical methodologies and their interrelation with the existence, the surroundings as well as, the social order. It brings in disciplines such as industrial arts, pure and applied sciences as well as engineering.

Technology has with time considerably affected the human and animal ability to adapt and ...

The enterprise resource planning projects during the past two decades have increased the volatility of the enterprise software market. The implementation of the projects in companies is considered a complex undertaking. Organizations that have experienced success in the implementation of the ERP projects have transformed the process of providing information system within the organizations. They are able to integrate the local information systems into one package with a common database. This helps in effective management of the wide process of business. Despite the benefits that come with the ERP projects, there are a number of challenges that affect its proper implementation and ...

U2D1-NURSING RESEARCH PRIORITIES

- How does the NINR support novice and experienced nurse researchers? NINR supports novice and experienced nurse researchers through provision continuous training programs. NINR offers various training programs that allow career development. It funds the training programs for the trainees and this allows the achievement of the objectives. - Identify two current priorities for nursing research identified by the NINR The current priorities of nursing research are to develop knowledge that will eliminate and prevent disease. The nursing research knowledge acquired will build scientific foundation important for clinical practice. It aims in enhancing palliative care and ...

Enumerated powers entail the list of legal items defined under Article I, Section 8 of the United States Constitution that establish the authoritative threshold of the Congress. It cites that the congress may operate within the powers granted by the constitution which are restricted explicitly by the Bills of Rights and other constitutional protections. Under article 1, the Necessary and Proper clause cites that “to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers”. This clause for proper implementation should be read and understood in a broad sense, an opinion held by many ...

Management is basically a synergy of four different things, which particularly are planning, organizing, leading and controlling. There are numerous fields which specifically come under the umbrella of management and among them; the name of Strategic Management is one of them, which has its own recognition and importance. Strategic Management usually has number of things in particular and all of the elements are effective in terms of utilizing and implementing a certain thing . Leadership and management is one of the basic concepts come under the ambit of Strategic Management. Strategic Force is also important to analyze the competency level of a person ...

Summary

This project proposal is for the designing of a top-down network that the matches the business needs for the proposed network system. The scope of the design project and the corresponding budget fit for the project will be subjected to review by the stakeholders.

Proposal Guidelines

This will be an open and competitive process with the price quotations inclusive of all the fees and charges for operation after selection. The requirements of this RFP and the subjects of the positive reactions are deliberated and offered for addition in ultimate contractual responsibilities.

Contact Terms

The business will negotiate agreement standings upon selection by the committee. ...

SLIDE-1-4

WELCOME-SLIDE /ADDRESS My dear respected faculty member/teachers and fellows, Asslamualaikum /Good Morning/ Afternoon Oil & Gas industry and environment are much important for us, and we have to save it for ourselves and future generations. Environmental issues are on the increase at the world and it could affect the alternatives of corrosion prevention in the future. Ecological needs still to be developed; however, some elements have been established.

SLIDE # 2

SLIDE#3 Saudi Arabia geography mostly comprises of deserts & seas and its economy is much dependent on oil & Gas industry. We need to protect our industry for sustainable progress ...

Introduction

I take this chance to present to you this new improvement that I have introduced in my company. A normalized steel muffler. The muffler is one of the important parts in the car's exhaust systems. It is located on the rare part of the system. In present days, many materials are used to manufacture it. They include steel, iron and fiber carbon. Depending on the aim of the designer, the choice of these materials offers different levels of performance. Jeep Grand Cherokee is a family car that accommodates five passengers. It came into the market in 1992. Exactly five ...

Community policing also known as community-oriented policing can be loosely defined as the strategy of policing aimed at building ties and working closely with members of the communities and the police. With the high rate of crimes in the society, the duty of maintaining law and order is no longer solely in the ambit of the police. The police are more effective when they can depend on residents for help. It is in this breath, therefore, that members of the community are called upon to join hands with the police in enhancing and maintaining the safety and quality of ...

A. The problem discussed in this case is Vodafone’s long and complex process of implementing the global ERP system, in order to unify the decentralized operations of the company worldwide, to save costs, and to make the company’s functioning more fast and convenient across all locations. People factors that contributed to the problem included employee resistance to changes in local business processes, and lack of skills to effectively operate within the newly implemented ERP system. Among organizational factors, the main were the unwillingness of some subsidiaries to embrace change, and largely differentiated business processes across different locations. ...

The orientation systems at Mercy Medical Center in Des Moines are the same for all nurses. The subjects usually attend a four to five-week formal class from where they are expected to learn the skills and competencies required for the job. The new nurses are joined by a preceptor whose main objective is to give practical insights to the discussion. Their readiness for the job will be evaluated through a series of assessment activities. A clinical resource nurse may also be requested to gauge the suitability of new recruits to the positions they will fill in. After the probationary period, the orientation ...

Patents denote the protection rights granted to the owner of the invention that prevents other inventors from using, making and importing as well as selling invention of the owner without his/ her acquiescence. This kind of patents design it may be a procedure that led to producing a new technical solution or merely a product. Similarly, patent can be a new process of doing things, a technical improvement on how certain product works and it may make of composition of new products. Once is granted by legal law the owner can enjoy patents rights for twenty years. Therefore, protecting copyright is not acceptable in ...

Introduction

They say that the only thing that is constant in this planet is change. This old phrase can indeed be true in a lot of ways. It can also be applied not only in life but also in the process of managing a business. To innovate is to embrace change and improvement.

Innovation refers to any process that may lead to better solutions to problems, higher efficiency and effectiveness in doing work, higher productivity, and in general, increased capability to meet and fulfill the market needs. Any business has the right and the ability to innovate. Innovation can be done ...

The book entitled Apple's approach towards innovation and creativity: How Apple, the most innovative company in the world, manages innovation and creativity written by Muller presents innovations and creativity apparent from today's companies with particular focus on Apple Inc. Being a well-known organization, the book outlines ways in which the company has since established itself as the innovative and creative organization using its products as a platform to compete its counterparts that include Sony and Samsung companies. This book mainly focuses on the key aspects that make a particular organization innovative and creative, in doing this the book establishes ways in which ...

Analysis of Strategy Choice: AT & T and Sprint Nextel

In choosing a strategy, management must ensure that all the factors in the immediate internal and external environment are considered (Gilberto & Alberto, 2010). AT & T is a telecommunications company based in Texas, now in its third decade of existence and the second largest cooperation in mobile telephony within the United States. Nextel communications, on the other hand, is a multinational mobile communications company in Virginia operating as a subsidiary of Sprint Corporation. Considering the heavy capital needs within the telecommunications sector, the companies ought to focus on a firm strategy in order to maneuver the markets efficiently.

AT & T has shown stable growth ...

Innovation Designing For a Sustainable Future

Introduction Innovation refers to the deployments and applications of newer processes, ideas, and devices that are better, and designed to cater to, and meet, new requirements, inherent needs, and needs of the society. This is achieved through more effective processes, products, technologies, services, and ideas that are prevalent and can be made use of by governments, society, and market. We often confuse innovation with invention that is associated with the creation of ideas or methods while innovation is involved with better and effective use of those methods and ideas for the betterment of humanity. Innovation also differs from ...

In the context of Professor Kallman, risk management is evolving and continuously expanding. The various risk management techniques are developed and researched. Professor Kallman concentrates on an ERM approach to risk management. The risk management is constantly changing and not everyone will openly adopt to any new change. Professor suggests that the risk manager should keep only three questions in mind which are the current position on the S curve, the long term career goals and the procedure to follow so as to reach to the goals. S shaped curve Is followed in many disciplines where the skills of ...

Chapter # 1 Introduction

Introduction The studies conducted by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute predicted that every year about seven-hundred and eighty-five thousand and four-hundred and seventy thousand US people experience new coronary and recurrent attacks respectively . The diagnosis and treatment of chest chain are imperative because this syndrome exposes dangers to the life of an individual. The advent of overcrowding in hospitals is a significant problem and it is gaining momentum with the passage of time. The overcrowding at Emergency departments (EDs) confirms insufficient quality care and established a systematic issue pertaining to patients that have the right to quality care ...

The article begins by explaining how all organizations operating different networks have the daunting task of protecting the data on their network. The technological advancement affords companies to operate at a global level. There is a lot of data sharing and information communication through the internet. The infrastructure supporting the network is at risk of being attacked as well as the data it carries. The writer explains that attacks on data are direct, and the target is highest for critical and sensitive data. Almost all organizations handle some data including trade secrets, credit card data, medical records, personally identifiable information.

There ...

For a number of years, Nike Company has been the global frontrunner of athletic shoe sales. Nike Inc. keeps on delivering strong growth. Technological innovation is the company’s growth engine as it continues fueling their success as well as challenging them. The company has placed an emphasis on both the design of its products and the manufacturing processes. The spirit of innovation and constant research has helped Nike Inc. to maintain its lead in the industry and stay ahead of competitors. The company employs designers with a solid engineering background; as such the company retains a competitive advantage by having the best ...

Introduction

For a number of years, Nike Company has been the global frontrunner of athletic shoe sales. Nike Inc. keeps on delivering strong growth. Innovation is the company’s growth engine as it continues fueling their success as well as challenging them. The company’s investors, consumers, and athletes expect innovation. In essence, innovation facilitates new heights in the company’s performance and raises the bar for their industry. The company center sustainable innovation on their biggest areas of risk and opportunity. Nike Inc. is among the best examples of persistent innovation.

They have strived to be competitive through incremental and radical ...

- Summary After a heart attack, the restoration of the cardiac function depends on the ability of the heart to generate cardiomyocytes, or new muscle cells. The ability is, however, weak and wanes with age. The alternative strategy involves delivering the newly grown cardiomyocytes to the damaged heart tissue. It requires the use of either induced pluripotent stem (iPS) or the embryonic stem (ES) cells. Embryos are the only sources of ES cells. On the other hand, the in vitro reprogramming of adult differentiated cells transforms them into undifferentiated stem cells. The method allows the production of iPS cells ...

Executive Summary

The aluminum manufacturing company faces many operational challenges. They have to analyze the performance of different sections. To do that they have at data from previous year about main inputs that go into aluminum production. In addition, they use other chemicals as a part of manufacturing process. In terms of output they produce four grades of metal. They have also to account for some about of production loss and level of impurities. Finally, as a measure of ultimate performance, they have to take into account power consumption and percentage efficiency.

As a part of efficiency improvement exercise, statistical analysis of various ...

ERP is Enterprise Resource Planning system that integrates all the information system that the enterprise has. It is always the overall system, which all other system connects. ERP always involve reengineering of the company’s activities to ensure that they conform to the objective of the firm. SAP Enterprise Resource Planning ensures that all other functional system such as the financial system, marketing system, production system are all integrated to ensure that all of the system can be monitored at a particular central server.

This project relies on essential principle that ensures its success. For the success of this ...

An ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) is software that enables an organization to manage business processes where it enables several applications to be integrated to the system. This enables an organization to manage back office functions in an effective manner. One example ERP system is SAP (Systems, Applications and Products). In NIBCON, there are essential principles that are required in order for SAP ERP to be effectively installed into the system. One principle is to have effective communication in all the branches of the company. NIBCON has expanded in business so that there are many branches that have been ...

Contrary to belief, the United States has no official language. Federal legislators have been proposing laws intended to make English the business language of the United States. Almost every session of the Congress proposes an amendment to adopt English as the official national language. Despite efforts for this proposal the nation has over the years not yet made English as its national language.

The definition of an official language is that which has been specifically designated in the rule of the country. In many countries, officially used or recognized languages are mistaken for official language. An official language ...

Internet-Based Software in Highly Regulated Industries

Industries having the United States Food and Drug Administration as their regulator have to put in lots of efforts in order to implement business software for their needs. After identifying an application that best suits their needs and carefully purchasing it, it is a requirement that the software applications undergo a scrutinizing validation process to ensure compliance with FDA standards. The validation may take weeks or even months for the actual implementation of the software to see the light of day. Such inconvenience has led to most companies to drift away from the use of traditional software applications to ...

The predominant academic agreement is that gunpowder was invented in China, but no one scholar in the whole world could tell us the exact date of the creation of gunpowder. However, I researched different articles and found out that there are several major versions of the origin of gunpowder and each version assumes different time it was firstly received by people. According to some authors, for instance Joseph Needham, China used gunpowder in rockets and fireworks in the VII century B.C. (9), another theory tells that gunpowder came to Chine and Arabia in the 1st century from India and ...

A part of the invention of modern basketball belongs to the native of Canada Dr. James Naismith, a teacher at Springfield College. Many teachers colleges in the USA were not quite popular among students because of its college football rudeness, games in which sometimes ended in fatalities athletes. Naismith was asked to come up with a mobile game is much more safe and suitable for indoor. In 1891, Naismith demonstrated his invention to colleagues and students. The main idea of this game was to get the ball up high in a horizontal target. The first basketball match held at Springfield College before ...

ABSTRACT

This article aims at illustrating the two types and effects of the cancer treatment techniques. Several methods are discussed and analyzed by defining them and showing their impacts on the patient. The article goes further to compare and contrasts the various methods that have been put in practice to treat cancer in an effort to determine the best. Radiotherapy alone, radiotherapy with chemotherapy, 3D CRT and IMRT are some of the discussed techniques in the article. Data was collected among the cancer sick patients who underwent different treatments. The patients were put under different conditions in regard to treatment ...

Agarwal, J. & Malloy, D.C. (1999 May). Ethical work climate dimensions in a not-for-profit organization: An empirical study. Journal of Business Ethics, 20(1), 1-14.

The paper aims to address the limited amount of research in the realm of organizational ethical climate in the not-for-profit sector. This paper tackled Victor and Cullen's theoretical framework, which combined the constructs of cognitive moral development, ethical theory, and locus of analysis. However, the authors of this paper constructed an alternative methodology for the extraction of ethical climate dimensions based on the theoretical framework.

Brudney, J. L. & ...

A specific instruction on how to date girls of different ethnicities is what is written by Junot Diaz in “How to Date a Browngirl, Blackgirl, Whitegirl, or Halfie.” This story is generally based on the problem of stereotypes and their role in life of contemporary youth. Within the text, Junot demonstrates the series of generalizations based on the outside characteristics of the different people. The main character demonstrates the tendency to treat women differently based on their ethnicity. With the implementation of such technique, author aimed to demonstrate people’s tendency for generalization that is the norm of wide acceptance ...

Introduction

Apple Inc. is a leading company that has recently discovered a gap in the innovative process. The gap was seen to emanate from the lack of slowness in creativity when it came to their products. Apple has always enjoyed the spot of being a technology giant but realized that a new plan needed to be fostered. There have been questions about the creative future of the company, which has a responsibility to give quality products to its consumers as part of its ethics and need to increase profits

One of the strategies that would work for the ...

Studies done by Mesoudi (39) in the Journal of Social, Evolutionary & Cultural Psychology he has established that, many societies have only registered insignificant changes during their entire time of existence. However, in this period, there are occasions when some significant changes were noted. These societal changes are brought by social and cultural change which leads to societal growth and development.

For social and cultural change to take place, innovation which comprises of adding new elements onto the existing system and sometimes, extinction, which involves elimination of the older elements, must take place. Through innovation, the society can borrow some ...

Ahead of its time, IDEO’s shopping cart did not receive a positive feedback when initially designed and launched in 1998, as it did not made it into the stores at that stage. It did, however, entered the stores under a reshaped formula, but based on the IDEO’s prescribed formula, later on, hitting the large supermarkets like Carrefour. In this case, in terms of innovation, IDEO demonstrated visionary leadership, although the company was not later on the beneficiary of the success that its designed shopping cart registered. Looking at this situation from an entrepreneurial perspective, there can be ...