Essays on Emission

Introduction

The purpose of this project is to outline a framework to ensure the sustainability of UK aircraft carrier. It outlines some of the challenges that face the industry. Additionally, it presents a framework which can be used to address these challenges. The project also highlights a measurement regime which can be used to assess the proposed framework. Mainstream media have repetitively documented the impact of seaway transport and their eco-efficiency concerning a sustainable future. By minimizing operation and manufacturing impacts, airbus aims at optimizing their services and product towards an eco-efficient technology to minimize their environmental impact. Throughout the ...

Abstract

This paper tends to highlight the history of automobiles and their impact on society today. This paper will discuss how what motivated the development of automobiles while also stating down the history of automobiles from the traditional and mechanical automotive used years back to the more modern electronic automobiles in use today. The impact of automobiles on society today cannot be understated with the rapid advancements in technology leading to the production of the brilliant machines. But with every advancement brings both negative and positive impacts on society and this paper will discuss these factors in a broader way. ...

Sustainable Built Environment

Introduction It seems that building development would present an impressive opportunity to reduce energy demand and also reduce carbon emissions effectively with combining current knowledge and expertise (Diakaki, & Kolokotsa, 2009). The highest cost-effectively feasible mitigation prospective is recommended to be found within the residential as well as the commercial sector. This is suggested to be producing a reduction of 29% in respect to the probable emission baseline for the year 2020. Life Cycle Assessment is also known as (LCA) is a technique for evaluating environmental pack of processes as well as products in their life cycle. It attempts to ...

Global warming describes the gradual increase in Earth’s and its oceans’ temperature that changes the Earth’s climate. It shows that the Earth’s temperature increases due to the effect of greenhouses gases such as extensive emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) due to different factors. It is observed that human activity is the important cause of global warning that influenced the physical mechanism of climate change.

Effect of greenhouse gases in changing the Earth's temperature

Scientists have identified a record variation in Earth's climate dating back hundreds of thousands of years. Significant difference in Earth's climate has reported during the present day and the last 650,000 ...

The laws meant that the Bowen plant of the Southern Company had to reduce the amount of sulphur dioxide released during the production of electricity. Prior to the enactment of the laws, Bowen’s sulphur dioxide emissions amounted to thirty tons an hour (Reinhardt 2). This amount translated to an annual emission of 262800 tons assuming 8760 hours in a year. Between 1995 and 2000 during the first phase of the implementation of the laws, the plant would only be allowed annual emissions of 254,580 tons of sulphur dioxide. This translates to hourly emissions of 29.06 tons (Reinhardt ...

Energy has played an important role in building the world economy today. From enabling man to perform daily activities to enhancing the functioning of many industries, it is sensible to state that energy is of great importance to the world. Due to its importance, fossil fuels such as coal have thus been burnt down to create energy. However, different negative effects are associated with burning such fuels to the environment. For instance, global warming gasses are emitted thus, causing global warming as a result of carbon monoxide, which is emitted while burning coal. Despite their disparities, both developed and ...

Identifying Risks

The Hong Kong International Airport is connected to over 100 destinations through over one thousand daily flight by over 100 airlines. In order to fulfill the future demand until 2030, the Airport Authority of Hong Kong (AAHK) planned for the expansion of HKIA into a three- runway system to provide support to the present runways through the introduction of the Master Plan 2030. The 2030 Master Plan of HKIA has two alternatives in its considerations. The preparation of the master plan ensures that there is transparent, unbiased process of planning and professionalism. Consequently, the Airport Authority of Hong Kong ( ...

Raman spectroscopy is dependent on scattering of light. When light interacts with matter, energy exchange can take place through absorption, simulated emission, Raman scattering or spontaneous emission. In Raman scattering, the emitted photons have less energy and lower frequency in comparison with the absorbed photons. Some energy of the emitted photons is transferred to the molecules. Raman spectroscopy is a method which collects the chemical fingerprints associated with molecules. Every molecule has different levels of vibrational energy and the emitted photons experience shift in their wavelengths. The wavelength shifts are collected,examined and analyzed for sample identification. Raman spectroscopy ...

Leona Woods Marshall Libby was a well-known American physicist and the only woman scientist who was part of the team that developed the first American nuclear reactor. The project was also famously known as the Manhattan Project. She was born in 1919 in Illinois and the tall and active girl who resembled an athlete completed her BS in chemistry in 1938 from the University of Chicago (Libby, 1979). She had a special interest in nuclear physics and after successful completion of her thesis met future Nobel laureate Robert Mullikan who had a passion for molecular research. Mullikan was much ...

Abstract

Several experts have been concern about the effectiveness of recycling in mitigating the effects of pollution and global warming. Some even argued that the recycling process is economically and environmentally ineffective due to the large costs and large amounts of energy required for the process. However, the practice of recycling should be continued and improved since it has numerous potential benefits against its alternatives. First, recycling is not a waste of money since the alternatives to this strategy such as incineration and landfilling has larger costs due to environmental damages. Second, issues and problems associated with recycling could be ...

(Tutor’s Name) (Assignment)

Summary Report 1

What factors contributed to the problem? Volcanic activity is a major contributing factor to the issue of climate change. The eruption of volcanoes leads to the release of large quantities of water vapor, ash, dust, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere. In the atmosphere, these sulfur dioxide molecules will react with water vapor leading to the formation of sulfuric acid, which is then spread all over the world through winds. The sulfuric acid formed in the atmosphere can significantly affect the amount of solar radiation entering the Earth’s surface and thereby the ...

as Environment Policy

Effectiveness of Carbon Tax as Environment Policy

Climate change has emerged as a global challenge because unrestrained rising of global temperature would cause melting of glaciers and rise of sea level that would submerge land masses, change weather patterns with frequent incidence of hurricanes and floods and droughts. As an effective response to the challenge, global leaders have agreed to cut back emission of Green House Gases (GTG) to contain the global rise in temperature below 2 degree Celsius (Symon, 2013). Carbon dioxide, a major constituent of GTG, is released to the atmosphere on combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and ...

Abstract

Carbon capture is an essential approach for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Different plants utilize various technologies in reducing carbon dioxide emission. Some of the conventional techniques employed include oxy-fuel, pre, and post-combustion carbon capture. These approaches have a high potential for capturing carbon dioxide. However, their massive initial and implementation costs have been a challenge to plants globally. Additionally, most of them are yet to experience large scale applications. Therefore, it is essential for research and development activities to be conducted. This can ensure a reduction in the cost of production. The carbon capture technologies differ in costs. This ...

1.0. Introduction Gone the days when merely price tag and quality were the main determinants of the buying decision for any consumer. Today’s consumer based on growing awareness is much more concerned about the ethical status of the tools and methods utilized to produce, handle, and deliver a product or service. This emerging category of judgmental customer has also influenced the theoretical background as well as several practical considerations in the domain of business. One of the most important contributions of this tendency is the emergence of ethical consumerism on part of customers and corporate social responsibility or ...

Fig1: Environmental sustainability-Frepessco Global Services There is an ever increasing pressure on the residents to increase productivity and consumption to spur economic growth. This is often translated as a need to acquire that new dress, a pair of shoes, make ups, and other luxury products that we do not necessarily need. The human desire is to acquire the best quality at the lowest possible cost. On the other hand, there is pressure on the organizations to increase the production efficiency and reduce the carbon emission and other form of wastes. Thus, the need for increased production at a lower ...

INTRODUCTION

Economical and industrial development are two of the most important elements on the evolutional way for any country and nationality. However, it often happens so that people discover something new and hurl themselves into using it before making throughout estimations of potential risks and hazards. This is especially common if such newly discovered entity (an invention, or mineral, or a way to dig out minerals – this could be anything) is capable of making large sums of money: then there is no particular doubt of this entity becoming incredibly popular and exploited to the extent of being overused. To top ...

Engagement

Being one of the attendees to the Conference in Turkey, dubbed “Combating climate change, and the private sector” and hosted by the Turkey Industry and Business Association (TUSIAD). The topic for the conference is as mentioned above, and it had an array of issues to address about the political as well as the economic climate of the country (Moss et al. 750). Therefore, the paper involves a combination of the issues relating to the engagement and the research-based inferences relating to the effects of the climate change in Turkey to both business and political temperatures within the nation. It ...

Introduction

Coal is a very cheap and abundant provision of energ. In fact, it is the most abundant fuel in the United States; U.S. has the highest coal reserve in the world, with up to 25% of the known world coal present in America and being mined in 26 out of the U.S. 50 states (fe.doe.gov, 2013). However, this abundant energy is seldom used because it is a very dirty energy. According to Hong & Slatick (1994), up to 204.3 pounds of carbon dioxide per million Btu is emitted when coal having 78% carbon content is completely burned to attain a ...

Ecological footprint refers to the impact of a person’s lifestyle or that of a community on the environment, which is expressed in terms of the amount of land necessary to sustain their natural resources use (Rosenberg, 1997). My results were 6.71, which means I need to reduce my ecological footprint even further with the right lifestyle choices. I realized that our lifestyles harm our environment more than we realize. The basic actions in our daily lives such as driving to school or eating meat have an adverse effect on the environment. If everyone had a similar lifestyle as ...

Introduction

Environmental concerns have created significant interests from various stakeholders with criminologists playing a critical role in responding to environmental harms. Environmental criminology applies to wide range of environments comprising of air, water, and land, and major issues such as overexploitation of natural resources and the emission of high volumes of toxic wastes in air, water, and soil. Multidisciplinary approaches have been adopted to help in curbing such environmental crimes whereby ecological, legal, economic, and social implications of the crimes have been analyzed by various stakeholders. Interventions have also led to extensive methods including monitoring, assessing the damage, enforcing legal ...

Diary Summary

On day one, I used an outdoor wood-fired boiler. In addition, I burnt toxic substances that included tires, plastics, garbage, and driftwood. On day two, I burnt fossil fuels by driving a motor vehicle, cooking with a gas stove, and using a lawnmower. On day three, I used household products that included cleaning agents and paints. In addition, I used a fire extinguisher to put out a fire in my kitchen. Other appliances used during the day included a freezer, air conditioner, and refrigerator.

Analysis

Studies have demonstrated that individuals make significant contributions to the overall air pollution that induces ...

Introduction

If any organisation were to succeed in achieving its objectives and targets, it is at the mercy of the strategies that it develops for itself. A lack of strategy will tell on the manner the organisation works. Hence, the team employed to this effect should be efficient and have the required knowledge for the same. Plans should match what the company envisions for itself in the light of its finances and operations. Such plans work in the long run. The more changes occur in them, the more difficult it is for them to move ahead. Realistic yardsticks can be ...

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Volkswagen Ethics

Hotten. R. (2015). Volkswagen: The Scandal Explained. BBCNews.com. Retrieved from: http://www.bbc.com/news/business-34324772

Volkswagen Ethics

The Automobile industry like many others prides itself in its quality manufacturing processes, adherence to compliance norms, innovation and customer satisfaction. However, over the last few decades the industry is plagued with myriad cases of ethical misdemeanors. Some of the unethical behavior probably arises from pressures of business, profits, shareholder value and competition (Bazerman and Tenbrunsel, 2011). In some cases, leaders turn a blind eye to unethical practices. In one of the older cases from the 1970s, ...

The Clean Air Act abbreviated as CAA and coded as 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq., is a federal law of the United States that seeks to protect the environment and human health against emissions that make outdoor or ambient air unsafe. By regulating emissions from mobile sources and stationeries, the act is designed to ensure that the air we breathe is free from harm. Hence the major goal of the law’s aim is to protect both the environment and human health from possible effects that may arise due to air pollution. Despite its initial drafting in 1973, the ...

Global Warming Phenomenon

The issue of global warming has been a critical problem across the entire world due to the effects associated with this condition. Global warming is caused by the increase in Earth's temperatures due to the effect of greenhouse gases. The greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide emitted from burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas to provide energy are responsible for trapping heat and preventing it from escaping from the Earth’s atmosphere. Human activities like cutting down trees and burning forests for farming activities has been attributed to the emission of greenhouse gases that are ...

Question 1

This is the National Tourism Development Authority of Ireland working to ensure that Ireland is a highly-favored tourist destination and that it remains competitive in the global market. As the authority mandated with overseeing the performance and running of the tourism industry in Ireland, Failte Ireland's numerous roles are statutorily governed. The agency has such duties as stating operational and service standards of the tourism sector, registration of service providers, ensuring that necessary insurance covers for tourists visiting Ireland are provided, and setting environmental standards to be adhered to by businesses in Ireland. From the view of it all, ...

The energy transition law was the result of long debate related to the industry. The law was passed to provide more care of the environment by taking different issues related to the environment into consideration. The environmental issues were common in the European nations and the law was passed with the view of having some solutions. The law focuses on carbon emissions and reducing other types of problems related to the environment. The law has been passed after a long debate, but it still has some areas with weak ground that requires improvement in order to make it more ...

Describe air quality conditions in the US before steep regulations were imposed.

The United States has experienced the worst air quality conditions during the 1940s and 1950s as an effect of the progressing industrialization and urbanization. Another main reason is that the United States has no national regulation and policy towards hazardous gas emission and air pollution during these periods of time. During the 1940s and 1950s, the United States have experienced deadly photochemical smog on major cities including Los Angeles and Donora(Williams, 2013). In addition, the ozone levels in the lower layers of the atmosphere exceed its limit and become dangerous to people as well as the environment. During ...

VOLKSWAGEN CASE STUDY

Executive summary: Volkswagen is the leading manufacturer of car products. This company holds Volkswagen group and produced a variety of models. Recently, Volkswagen has been involved in the emission scandals of their equipped vehicles. The company vehicles are equipped with software that was cheating on emission tests. Hence, Volkswagen is the top selling brand of Volkswagen group. Since 1975 the company has been treated as world largest automaker in the world. Volkswagen has the most cars of the automobile manufacturer which has multiple revisions of model names. In this, the crisis management of the Volkswagen emission scandal has been ...

Is Public Relations an ethical profession?

Introduction Public Relations has been defined in many ways over time and across industries. The Institute of Public Relations in USA defines it as the deliberate, planned and sustained effort that goes into maintaining a mutual understanding between an organization and its public consumer. Edward L. Bernays defined it as the method of information persuasion and a method employed to develop public support for a cause, an activity, a movement or even an organization . Herbert M. Baus proposed yet another definition that Public Relations was a combination of many subjects including philosophy, sociology, economics, psychology, journalism, language and communication, ...

[City and State]

Introduction

Structures such as large buildings can create its own unique internal environment that can significantly impact the comfort and health of its occupants. After many years of investigating and studying building infrastructures, engineers and designers have increased their understanding and knowledge on the environmental conditions that exists within the building in relation to its physical properties. For the same reason, a solid background in building physics is an integral part of a building’s design, particularly in this modern era wherein green buildings are the rising trend. Most modern buildings integrate building physics prior to construction ...

Communication within an Organization

Communication within an Organization

In the Volkswagen Emission Scandal of 2015, the Enviornmenal Protecton Agency brought into light the cheating device installed by VW cars into its diesel engines to cheat the performance of its results when tested for smoke emission. In recent years, the German car giant pushed for the selling of its diesel cars in the United States, and their campaign was backed by their claim about the car’s low smoke emissions. It was a moved that would have brought an enormous sales gain for the company, but its eventual detection resulted in the fall of ...

Iridium organometallic complexes

Introduction Iridium organometallic complexes are applied as catalysts, light-emitting diodes, dye-sensitized solar cells, and luminescent agents for cells imaging.1 Due to the wide application area, the scientists perform research on preparation, characterization and physical and chemical properties of iridium organometallic complexes.

The oxidation state in complex compound refers to the charge of the metal, which it would have in a simple ionic compound. The configuration of d-orbitals (dn) indicates the number of valence electrons in free metal of the same oxidation state. The iridium electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f145d76s2, yet the s-electrons transfer to d-orbital to form 5d9. The ...

Internal Analysis of Encana

Internal Analysis of Encana

Introduction

The oil and gas industry in North America is currently experiencing challenges and transition stage. The increasing need for the environment-friendly and sustainable forms of energy is affecting the industry negatively as more governments and companies are encouraged to use energy with no or low carbon emission. More companies are now developing solar and wind energy and create vehicles that can rely on electricity rather than oil. Such growing trend in the energy sector resulted to lower demand of oil and gas particularly in the North America. Many oil and gas producing countries and companies ...

Executive summary

Tesla is an example of a company that is able to disrupt an industry. Before Tesla, the fully electric car was an idea in the research and development laboratories of gasoline-powered cars. After Tesla, the fully electric car is almost synonymous with the name of the company. The technologies behind the car are still expensive and this means that it is still a niche product. However, Tesla is working towards making it a more mainstream car. This paper looks at the efforts of Tesla to get its Model S into the Singaporean market. This paper begins with an introduction ...

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Executive Summary

Tesla Motors was developed in the year 2003 and has been the pioneer of producing the environment friendly vehicles ever since. The company has been widely known for its high performance sports cars that are equipped with the latest technology features and hinder the carbon emission, which eventually makes its vehicles environment friendly. The company is aimed towards reducing its inventory, production and distribution cost and provide high-end vehicles at low cost. The company is focused on enhancing the customer experience by means of providing them with the innovative features and design while keeping the cost low ...

____________ University

Introductory remarks

Alberta oil is one of the largest oil fields in the world. According to Simon Dyer, “The Canadian oil sands are the second largest proven oil reserve after Saudi Arabia” (Dyer, 2009). The commercial development of the Alberta oil sand had begun in the late 1960s. By the time World War I had arrived, and after the war was over, Canada was almost entirely dependent on oil from foreign countries. Canadians, after the war, began to wonder if the nation had any oil resources of their own. This interest led to the creation of the Alberta Research ...

Introductory remarks

With the depletion of crude oil deposits across the world becoming a reality with every new day, the world has been forced to start looking at alternative sources of oil. One of these unconventional sources of oil is the bitumen oil found in oil sands. Canadian oil sands have been identified as the second largest oil reserves in the world after those in Saudi Arabia. Most of these oil sands are found in the province of Alberta. These oil reserves are estimated to be an approximate 175 billion barrels of bitumen and sit across an area of 140,800 ...

Book Review of “The Politics of Air Pollution” By George Gonzalez

The Politics of Air Pollution by George Gonzalez Introduction Background George Gonzalez is a renowned assistant professor based in the Department of Political Science at the University of Miami. He has been an avid advocate of the inner political workings of the environmental policy in the United States. The book entitled the politics of air pollution delves into the establishment of policies that govern emission standards with a specialization on California as a key study. The book generally describes California as one the leading states in the promotion of automobile emission standards. As such, the book focuses on highlighting ...

Question 1

The four primary purposes of the San Diego Climate Action Plan are: Providing a road map to enable the achievement of GHG reductions. Conforming to California laws and regulations. Implementing the 2008 General Plan. Provides CEQA tiering for new development’s GHG emissions. Emission percentage distribution from different activities in San Diego Question 2 The various percentage emission distributions are as follows: Transportation was the highest with 55% Electric was second with 26% Natural gas was third with 16% Solid waste and wastewater was 3%. 5 bold strategies to reduce GHG emissions

There were various strategies that were put into place so as to reduce GHG emissions as seen below:

Strategy 1: energy and water efficient buildings ...

Landfills are a necessary evil that only deserves to be properly managed in order to avoid related problems. Human life will be more difficult without places they could dump their waste, especially given that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) puts the rate of average dumping at 4.5 per person. Landfills are directly related to population, in that, as the population grows, landfills increase in number and size. Other than the fact that human beings are generally not willing to live near them, landfills are also very ugly and cause environmental problems. These problems occur through Leachate, Toxins, and Greenhouse ...

Introduction

In spite of the contribution of urbanization to the economic growth in Zhejiang, its adverse effects far much outweigh the positives since sustainability of the ecosystem and the society is at stake. Environmental concerns, particularly air pollution, are real threats to the ecosystem since they lead to increased atmospheric temperatures which in turn result in climate changes. Urbanization contributes to pollution through higher energy consumption and motorization that have resulted in higher volumes of greenhouse gasses emitted in the air. The shrinking of natural resources is another consequence of urbanization where there is the rampant destruction of natural habitats, ...

Abstract 3

Carbon Monoxide (CO) Properties and Uses 4

Sources of CO Emission and Toxicokinetics 4

Exposure Limits for CO, Sampling and Analysis 6 Protocols for Industrial CO Sampling and Analysis 6 Carbon Monoxide in Substance Priority List (SPL) 7 CO Contaminated Superfund Site 8 Carbon Monoxide Explosion Case Study with Recommendations 8 References 10 Abstract Carbon Monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless gas, which results from incomplete combustion of carbon containing fuels, and has several applications such as effective reducing agent and manufacture of various hydrocarbons. CO is a major indoor air pollutant, and is released when combustion is carried out in confined spaces such as mines ...

Introduction

Proposition/Thesis – Unsustainable practices including burning of fossil fuels by man leads to global warming as these practices emit poisonous gases and produce greenhouse gases responsible for global warming Credibility – Global sea level has risen by 6.7 inches during the last century; particularly the level of rise has been twice during the last decade compared to the rest of the period (Church and White). Goodwill – Understanding the negative consequences of global warming helps us to save the earth from the effects of dangerous greenhouse gases and thereby protecting our future generations from natural calamities Preview – Now, I shall convince the ...

The case study reveals that there are a number of challenges faced by Tesla. These challenges rose up when the environmentalist came up with laws and regulations so as to limit the fuel emission from cars. Then technology chipped in which called out for making car models which are based on the latest form of innovative technologies in terms of fuel consumption. Many international car manufacturers have also joined the automobile industry including the companies from Korea, Japan, and China. Due to the increase in care manufacturing companies, the competition has also soared for Tesla. There were some questions ...

Executive Summary

Fossil fuels are the predominant source of energy for industrial and transportation consumption. It is however expected that in a few more decades, fossil fuels will have lesser role to play than non-conventional oil and gas sources and renewable energy sources. This paper presents an overview of some of the socioeconomic factors that are driving the global oil industry and their implications for the UK industry. Four key influences are studied to understand the implications for the industry in terms of economic and environmental factors. The steady influence of OPEC is a significant factor in the pricing of crude ...

Abstract

The current discussion is aimed at the dissection of ethics, corporate social responsibility and sustainability of British Petroleum (BP) by taking the case of Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill in to consideration. By commencing the discussion with an overview of the externalities present in the oil industry, the pressures on oil companies are examined which is further evaluated through the application of stakeholder theory and the theory of utilitarianism. In the case of BP, it is revealed that the resort to CSR was primarily a reactive measure to correct its tainted brand image and save it from reputational risks. ...

Response to Jacob’s Post

Jacob’s post concerns Denver’s Climate Action Plan. The Climate Action Plan of Denver Colorado, also known as sustainability 2.0 aims at dealing with the impacts of urban sprawl and also at enhancing urban development. Through this plan, there have been improvements in the transport sector such that there are no longer cases of environmental pollution that bused to be a major concern in the region due to urban pollution effects. Their plan has also been effective in dealing with issues of affordable housing. A similar plan that exists in my state, which is Oregon State, is the ...

The issue of the pollution of the environment has been an issue that has always been addressed in different forums. This is mainly due to the fact that the continuous pollution makes the world less inhabitable for man. Pollution may be on different components of the earth; from water, to air to the ground itself. Various mechanisms have been developed as a way of ensuring that we are able to conserve the environment (Shaw 14). These may include measures like ensuring that the citizens use biodegradable products in order to prevent the instances of soil pollution, or ensuring that ...

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Technology 1: Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Introduction In 1997, Toyota rolled-out its sedan which was powered by both the conventional combustion and electric power trains. Effect on Daily Life People who have bought hybrid cars enjoyed lesser fuel expenses. Hybrid cars reduce the emission of CO2 which causes global warming. Owners have also felt a sense of pride and higher self-esteem knowing that they are doing something positive about global warming.

Needs

It has addressed the need for fuel economy, an alternative to fossil fuel and the planet’s protection from pollution damage. Fossil fuel will eventually run-out and in that event, electric ...

Leadership is the most radical and central aspect of any organization. While good management promotes quantitative and qualitative results, poor management compromises achievements and successful outcomes. That is why the end results of an organization are a projection of the leadership style in the said institution. As such, this paper analyses the threat in Volkswagen’s management in line with the various leadership theories.

Volkswagen`s Fraudulent

The leadership in Volkswagen illuminates an ill culture with the potential of undermining this auto giant reputation. Following the recent scandal of emission test, it is clear that the management in the organization is ailing. ...

Question 1

It is evident that particulate matter is becoming increasingly concentrated in Asia as reported by WHO. Power plants, dust storms, fossil fuels burning in vehicles as well as various industrial facilities result in highly significant amounts of particulates in the Asian continent. People in countries such as Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, and Nepal are prone to and in most cases suffer from aggravating respiratory and heart diseases such as emphysema, bronchitis, and asthma. Bronchitis, characterized by coughing up of dry mucus which is sometimes colored, is an inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes that carry air to the ...

Iannou (2013) defined globalization as the social-economic, religious, political as well as cultural processes of global unification and integration. These processes lead to a unified world system. In recent years discussions on the globalization have become one of the bitterest disputes resulting in a divided world into “globalists” and “anti-globalists”. Globalization has both positive and negative impacts reflected in various spheres of activity (Gibson, 2014). One of the disadvantages of globalization is that it promotes the emission of carbon dioxide resulting from industrial activities, and consequently, contributes significantly to global warming. Besides, globalization increases deforestation primarily because of extensive ...

Introduction:

The internal environment of a company is dependent to a large extent on the ethical attitudes among the employees. Often, it is not easy for employees to take moral and ethical decisions that go against the monetary interests of the company. Employees making an ethical decision adverse to the interests of the employer usually forms a part of whistle blowing and is often met with retributions and recriminations from the employer. While employees have some obligations to their company and to their employer, they also have wider obligations to the society and to the country at large. ‘Whistle blowing’ ...

English astronomer W. Herschel discovered planetary nebulae in about 1783. Nebulae received the name "planetary" on account of their external similarity with the images of distant planets, light wheels of which are different from the point images of the stars. “A planetary nebula is a beautiful object created during the final stages of the life of a star whose birth mass was between 1 and 8 solar masses” (“Planetary Nebulae”). A planetary nebula is an astronomical object consisting of an ionized gas shell and the central star, a white dwarf. All planetary nebulae originate from stars that are in ...

Global warming is the excess greenhouse effect caused by various factors that rise earth’s temperature beyond an optimum level, causing adverse impacts to the biosphere. Earth’s temperature is determined by the amount of solar radiation received from sun, radiation reflected or absorbed by various gases in the atmosphere as well as various surface features such as snow, water bodies, built environment etc. (US Environmental Protection Agency, 2016). Natural as well as anthropogenic factors contribute to global warming and associated climate change.

Natural Vs. Anthropogenic Causes of Climate Change

Global surface temperature increases occur due to natural causes such as sunspots and Milankovitch cycles. Milankovitch ...

Introduction

A dam is a structure specifically constructed to obstruct the flow of moving water, and by extension raising the water level. Dams are built for various purposes, such as a means of flood control, water storage, and a source of hydroelectric power, specifically hydroelectric ones. Some dams are also used in transportation and inland navigation by acting as bridges that connect one side of a body of water to the next. In other words, dams can have many benefits for a developing society. Because of their perceived benefits, many dams have been built all over the world—at least ...

Background

The past several years have been graced with an increase in the production and use of hybrid cars. Numerous automobile companies are exploring and introducing hybrid electric vehicles to the market, with several other companies to follows soon given the demand. It is imperative to outline that the introduction and the fast embrace and use of hybrid electric cars over the past few decades have been stimulated by several factors. Apart from the increasing demand for hybrid cars based on their advantages, the increase in production of these vehicles has been stimulated by the declining fuel reserves and concerns ...

It is the duty of each and every person to take care of the environment and further to have in place an environment that will enable the world regenerate and in turn be favourable for the day to day living of man today and the future. Various measures have been put in place in order for this to happen. These include the coming up with the bio-degradable products and further, to look for the alternative sources of energy that reduce the amount of harmful emissions. One of these methods is the coming up with the green cars which are ...

Effects Of Car Emissions To The Environment

Andrés, M., & Marı́a-José, G. (2004). Valuation of social and health effects of transport-related air pollution in Madrid (Spain). Science of the Total Environment, Vol.334, pp.427-434. The article valuation of social and health effects of air pollution caused by cars in Spain discusses the social impact of these pollutants, and how they affect the environment. According to the article, Madrid has many cars which make the city suffer from chronic congestion levels. The city also experiences periods of stable atmospheric conditions that makes the pollution levels exceed the quality standards of air for some pollutants. According to the ...