Essays on Ozone

Chapter 5

The Texas education system raised concern since the declaration of independence in 1836 following the failure of the government to begin the public education system. However, in late 1983, a constitutional amendment that advocated for the provision of bonds by the school fund was passed through voting. Currently, school funds generated an income of approximately $756 million dollars thus, making education facilities more available to the students (Champagne and Edward 16). The dropout rate is the indicator of the holding power of various schools in Texas during that period. Data indicates that 106 counties recorded a reduction in the ...

INTRODUCTION

One of the most heated debates of the modern era revolves around environmental issues and how best to repair current damages and prevent future damage. Unfortunately this is something of a controversial topic because there are some that heavily support the environment and the protection of it and there are others that actually do not believe that environmental issues are serious at all. That being said addressing a problem that some people will not admit exists is incredibly difficult. This is the case with the modern issues with air pollution.

DISUCUSSION

The air becomes polluted when harmful poisons and toxic ...

(Tutor’s Name) (Assignment)

Summary Report 1

What factors contributed to the problem? Volcanic activity is a major contributing factor to the issue of climate change. The eruption of volcanoes leads to the release of large quantities of water vapor, ash, dust, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere. In the atmosphere, these sulfur dioxide molecules will react with water vapor leading to the formation of sulfuric acid, which is then spread all over the world through winds. The sulfuric acid formed in the atmosphere can significantly affect the amount of solar radiation entering the Earth’s surface and thereby the ...

Introduction

Every parent envisions a future where their children and grandchildren live in a rich and resourceful environment that essentially provides them with everything that they need to survive. However, what if parents were informed of a pending doom where their children will live in an extremely toxic environment where there aren't enough basic resources such as fresh drinking water or where the climate is comprised of harsh conditions that threaten their lives on a daily basis? What if they were informed that by the time their children are adults, a diverse range of the existing species of animals will ...

Abstract

This report analyses the problem of global warming. It involves an interview with three professionals with the view of gathering information about the best way of combatting global warming and improving life for future generations. The research examines important elements of global warming at the introduction. It then formulates a data collection system which includes open ended interviews. This is gathered and collated and summarized in order to draw a conclusion on the subject. The findings indicate that global warming is an international matter. This implies that in the current model of global governance, it is difficult to deal ...

Introduction

Are humans threatening the survival of our planet by disrupting the ecosystem? Marvin Gaye and the public believed this to be the case in the 1960’s and 1970’s when the modern Green Movement first began. Gaye sang “Poison is in the wind that blows from the north and south and east. Radiation underground and in the sky, animals and birds live near by all die. What about this crowded land, how much more abuse from man can we stand?” . Greenhouse effect, ozone layer depletion, ocean poisoning, topsoil depletion, food chain poisoning, acid rain, pollution along with demands ...

The Clean Air Act

Summary The Clean Air Act (CAA) is federal law passed in 1970 with the objective of minimizing air pollution on a nation-wide scale. Just like other United States environmental laws, the law is administered by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in conjunction with both the federal, state, and local governments. Some of the provisions of the law enables EPA to create National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) with the aim of safeguarding public health and preventing discharges of harmful air pollutants. The law passed through major amendments in 1977 and 1990 to expand its mandate. For instance, the amendments necessitated ...

Diary Summary

On day one, I used an outdoor wood-fired boiler. In addition, I burnt toxic substances that included tires, plastics, garbage, and driftwood. On day two, I burnt fossil fuels by driving a motor vehicle, cooking with a gas stove, and using a lawnmower. On day three, I used household products that included cleaning agents and paints. In addition, I used a fire extinguisher to put out a fire in my kitchen. Other appliances used during the day included a freezer, air conditioner, and refrigerator.

Analysis

Studies have demonstrated that individuals make significant contributions to the overall air pollution that induces ...

Can he change the geographic lines of the different AQCRs so as to attract more industry? How?

It is the responsibility of the states to designate the location of the AQRCs after confirming with the national government. In perspective, I would advise the newly elected governor to petition EPA to relocate and redraw the geographic lines of AQCRs. The directions of this proceeding must, however, align with the requirements of the federal government, which implies that due consultations must be made before placing the modifications. Usually, revisions of the placements are approved to SIP depending on its estimated effects and results expected from the new locations. In this case, the governor wishes to relocate in order ...

Describe air quality conditions in the US before steep regulations were imposed.

The United States has experienced the worst air quality conditions during the 1940s and 1950s as an effect of the progressing industrialization and urbanization. Another main reason is that the United States has no national regulation and policy towards hazardous gas emission and air pollution during these periods of time. During the 1940s and 1950s, the United States have experienced deadly photochemical smog on major cities including Los Angeles and Donora(Williams, 2013). In addition, the ozone levels in the lower layers of the atmosphere exceed its limit and become dangerous to people as well as the environment. During ...

Assignment Questions

National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) gets set up by the EPA by the Clean Air Act. The six principle pollutants entail the photochemical oxidants, lead, carbon monoxide, ground-level ozone, sulfur oxides as well as nitrogen oxides. Regulation of surface level ozone reduces the impact and other pollution damages on crops. Likewise, photochemical oxidants prompted particular action from the commission under NAAQS to develop standards that controlled coarse and fine atmospheric particles in the air. Also, the oxidants had the ability to poison agricultural foods just like lead. Therefore, the optimal level for lead is now at 1.5 mew-grams ...

Technology is a sign of modern life, in other words, one cannot define the contemporary life without technology. Every area and space in human life that is from entertainment, transport, finance, communication sports and engineering influenced and dictated by technology. If one could dare take a panoramic view and a flash of the past time when we did not have electricity, cell phones, when grandparents could tell the tale of life one can see the grave transformation in the way of living (Jadhav et al 25). The innovation and creativity in various areas and fields has amounts substantial work ...

World Affairs: The United Nations

Introduction The United Nations (UN) was established as an international organization on 24 October 1945 having several functions. The UN operations and membership are both extended worldwide. UN headquarters is in New York City and has other regional offices in Geneva, Vienna, and Nairobi. Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish are the official languages of the member countries. The UN's predecessor was the League of Nations that kept peace and cooperation between the nations of the world. The organization gets its finance from member states voluntary contributions, and it has six fundamental bodies. The General Assembly as the ...

Overpopulation is the most serious problem faced by humans today. Population continues to expand at an alarming rate forcing depletion of natural resources. The demand for food, shelter and water causes havoc on the natural biodiversity of the Earth. Many species of plant and animals are eradicated and the freshwater resources are drained beyond recovery. The existing resources are not sufficient to sustain the increasing population. The increase in the demand for consumption of goods has led to a change in the cultivation pattern resulting in biological imbalance. Changes in the size of population affect all issues which range ...

Introduction

The Middle East id the motherland of all the petroleum products in the world that comes in the form of crude oil undergoes fractional distillation and hence refined in various industries to get the petroleum products. Pollution involves the interference of either the soil, air, sound or even water. Some of the causes of pollution in the region are as discussed below. 1. Air Pollution The air is affected by the emission of the exhaust fumes from the industries, facilitating the drilling of oil. (Shuval and Hassan 14) Air pollution is also facilitated by the emergence of some of ...

Recommendation Report

Tyrone T. Lewis Abstract Environmental pollution is a growing and enduring concern in New York City. Environmental pollution takes different dimensions. However, air pollution is particularly concerning with statistics from reputable bodies attributing it to premature deaths due to complications from respiratory diseases. Partnerships between the city authorities and community and volunteer groups have seen the implementation of programs and initiatives aimed at reducing the environmental pollution in the city. However, many of these programs are not sustainable because they fail to address the human aspect as a contributor to environmental pollution, and also as a resource towards the ...

Ultraviolet light (UV light) is a type of electromagnetic radiation that is located between visible light and X-rays in the electromagnetic spectrum. It is invisible to the human eye, and has a frequency greater than that of visible light but lesser than X-rays. It has a wavelength ranging from about 10 nm to 400 nm (ISO, 2007). UV light is a part of the radiation that comes from the sun. It can also be produced artificially by electric arcs, black lights, tanning lamps and mercury vapor lamps. The name Ultraviolet literally translates to “beyond violet”, as it has a ...

Introduction

Much recent publicity surrounding climate change has focused mostly on global warming, but little direct correlation has been given in the media with regard to the impacts that environmental pollution has on climate change, and also on human health. Although studies of pollution and the environment have been carried out since the time of the Industrial Revolution, it only relatively recently that attempts to measure environmental on a global scale have been undertaken. Environmental pollution is a major cause of global concern, not only for the effects that it has on the physical environments, but also for its potential ...

Human life and survival are connected with the environment. With the changes in the environment, human surroundings appear to undergo an adjustment or modification to continue the life. More probably, some climatic changes tend to interfere with the human life from several corners. These could be lethal or life threatening. For example, climate change might modify the occasional examples and plenitude of irritations and illnesses; in turn, this may influence the use of pesticides, herbicides and fungicides. Reactions will vary in the middle of harvests and between geological areas. There are studies that use of these pesticides within the ...

Protection of Ozone Layer

Ozone layer refers to natural gas in the upper part of the atmosphere and is made up of three oxygen atoms. It prevents harmful effects of the ultraviolet rays from harming humans and other organisms on the planet. It is normally found in the stratosphere. However, research and studies reveal that there is a gradual depletion of the ozone layer. Ozone layer can be protected through international and domestic action. For instance, there should be a restriction of imports or exports, and manufacturing of chemicals that will deplete the ozone layer. This can be easily attained by registration and ...

Global warming is one of the biggest challenges the world is facing now. Also known as climate change, global warming is the gradual change in the average temperature of the planet’s atmosphere. This change in temperature is believed to be permanently changing not only the atmosphere’ temperature but also that of the world’s oceans. The increase in the carbon dioxide level and the depletion of the ozone layer is one of the primary reasons that have been accused of the increased climate change. The ozone layer is responsible for the protection of the earth from the dangerous ...

Introduction

Over the course of the last few decades, global pollution has overwhelmingly been on the rise. As years go by - the humans' way of thinking evolves. Hence, the technological aspect of life keeps on advancing rapidly at the expense of contaminating our planet. Similar to other elements associated with human life, the natural environment is also undergoing a continuous change. There is the unchallengeable need of developing knowledge of the issues that characterize this change. The modern world is experiencing an increase in the natural calamities and varying weather patterns. These changes are primarily associated with the environmental ...

Chlorine is the most common and effective disinfectant at the moment is. Among the chlorine-free water purification methods, ultraviolet radiation, the copper and silver ions, ozonation, the use of preparations of the active oxygen of the organic polymer are widespread. In some cases a combination of above mentioned methods is the most effective. Nowadays, new technologies allow to use following methods for water perification. UV-radiation of a certain wavelength and intensity, when exposed for some time to microorganisms, damages their DNA, making them incapable of reproduction. This principle is based on UV disinfection, it kills even those bacteria which ...

Introduction

Global warming affects the lives of the people all around the world regardless of geographical location. Global Warming is a consequence of human activities and decisions that are mostly governed by self-interest and material gain. Therefore, as the population in different areas continues to increase, competition to obtain life’s necessities intensifies. In turn, the destructive activities of humans continue to contribute to of Global Warming. According to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Global Warming is defined as the rising average temperature of the surface of the Earth increases due to emissions resulting from different human activities, ...

Global warming refers to a system of climate changes that are responsible for causing an increase in the average temperature of the lower atmosphere which affects the average thermal gradient of the Earth. Global warming may have a great variation among the causes, but it is most principally associated with human interference, specifically with the release of excessive amounts of greenhouse gases”. The most popular and common definition of the global warming is “Warming caused by human activity.” (Weather Street) There are several gases in the Earth’s atmosphere which are responsible for the increase in the global temperature ...

The ozone is a layer of gasses in the stratosphere that protects life on Earth against ultraviolet rays from the sun (Aggarwal et al., 1). Anthropogenic activities leading to the emission of nitrous oxide and chlorofluorocarbons can result in the destruction of the ozone layer. Organohalogens also contributes to the destruction of the ozone layer (Lee, 858). The depletion leads to secondary ozone layer close to the ground called terrestrial ozone layer that is responsible for the degrading effects on humans, plants, and their environment. In the article published on August 27, 2009, on the New York Times, Dean ( ...

I humbly appreciate this opportunity to address this congregation at the 10th Annual Environmental Protection Agency’s meeting [Acknowledge any VIP in the audience]. Warfare is a great deterrent to the attainment of sustainable development. How can the future generation meet their need if the needs of the present generation are not assured? [Pause for a few seconds]. Each time war breaks out between nations, the negative impacts are leveled on the natural resources and consequently, on the environment. [Refer to slide for the main triggers of these wars]. It is interesting to note that war has been an ...

HSC 435

ASU Introduction In the modern times, natural catastrophes have been one of the major reasons for the destruction of the global environment. Although humanity is experiencing advancements in some of the aspects or fields in the society such as technology, health care and economics, environmental problems are still common due to natural catastrophes. Massive typhoons, earthquakes, hurricanes, and volcanic eruptions created large amounts of damage to our ecosystem. In addition, the world experienced hundreds, or even thousands or natural catastrophes in only a span of several years. Ecosystem fires or forest wildfires are one of the natural catastrophes which ...

Amongst the biggest problems that are being recognized is the phenomenon of global warming. This is an alarming issue for the environmentalists as they believe that the sustainability, worse yet, the livability of the planet is at stake because of it. Because of the economic and industrial conditions of the planet, the climate of the earth is changing rapidly. The average temperatures that are being measured are increasing very quickly, and it is feared that in a short period of time, the temperature of the planet will rise higher than what is comfortable (Root). The problem of rising temperatures ...

Flat roofs are roofing systems with the slop less than 10 degrees. This construction allows to use them as living space. Flat roofs exist for centuries, and people developed different types of covering for these systems. There are several most popular decisions with own advantages and features. TPO. These are single-ply roof membranes made from thermoplastic olefin or ethylene propylene rubber. TPO membranes have “resistance to ozone, are algae-resistant, environmentally friendly and safe to install” (roofhelp.com, n. d.). The typical thickness of TPO sheets varies from 40 to 100 mils. Constructors use hot air to seal seams between sheets. ...

Space exploration is the process of investigating into physical conditions in space, planets, stars and celestial bodies by use or man-made satellites. In many cases spacecraft’s are used to orbit around the earth and space with a human crew to collect sufficient information of the entire solar system. Space exploration is geared to answering scientific questions on the physical conditions which directly affect people in their day-to-day activities. Purposively, space exploration explains the nature of space and other environmental factors that result from natural forces. A few scientists and public argue that space exploration is not a brilliant ...

Agenda Item: Recommendation for One Week Tree Planting in the Neighborhood

Sponsor: Draft Resolution Following the current ongoing debate on climate change and the need to operate sustainably in the business environment, there is need to participate in tree planting as a means of reducing amount of greenhouse gases emission and also implement a 3R strategy that will ensure effective and efficient use of company resources as this will further curb pollution menace.

Executive Summary

This paper seeks the consent of Ashtead group plc board of directors to enable the company to conduct a one-week tree planting session in the neighborhood and to also adopt a 3R strategy in its operations. The ...

Efficient Home Planning and Sustainable Design

Climate changes have been a significant factor in utilizing sustainable energy in relevance to the constant battle of our dear planet Earth. Creating efficient homes that are able to utilize renewable resources throughout the course of development is necessary to support life in the present and future. Changes to the environment are integral towards the sustenance of life. This affects everyone which includes the economy, communities and societies. One of the significant trends in this arena is the use of sustainable energy in building office buildings and even homes. This importance is cited in the study of Fesanhary et ...

Introduction (can be more than one paragraph if you want, but the thesis should still come towards the end of the introduction)

Hook

Global warming has been affecting the lives of the people in all areas around the world regardless of the country’s geographical location. The effects of Global Warming are consequences of man’s activities and decisions that are governed by their personal interests and gains. Therefore, as the population in different areas continue to increase, the competition in obtaining life necessities also heightens, and the number and intensity of destructive activities of man continue to worsen the ...

Introduction

The production line refers to a set of sequential operations launched in a factory whereby the raw materials are passed via the refining process to produce tissue that is suitable to be used in institutions, households, and industries. The article by Ishakawa and Hirasawa (2012) describes how printing and aqueous lotion chemicals can be applied to improve the quality of tissue papers. Furthermore, the article by Abdulmalek and Rajgopal (2007) look deep on the benefits accrued from lean manufacturing and how they can benefit manufacturing companies. The paper will comprehensively address the production line, its ways, and advantages as ...

Abstract

War on coal is a term used by coal industries and their supporters to describe the regulations by Obama administration impact on coal power. Environmental protection agency is identified as one of the main agencies participating in this initiative. Many coal supporters claim that the regulations will make them suffer, but, on the other hand, many claim that coal industries, considered to be hazardous, cause problems with human health and environment. This paper will evaluate positive and negative aspects of war on coal and its regulations. It will discuss how coal usage affects the environment along with health problems. ...

Climate Change

Earth is the only planet in the universe that supports life, and this uniqueness is attributable to its optimal temperature and climatic conditions. Earth’s temperature is affected by variations in solar energy that reach earth, changes is earth surface as well as atmospheric reflectivity, as well as changes in concentration of greenhouse gases (EPA, 2016). Earth’s distance, rotation in its axis and revolution around sun in its orbit primarily determine change of seasons in earth, as well as its climatic patterns. Variations in light reflectivity or albedo of various surface features on earth also contribute to climate ...

Sun cities such as Phoenix and Bullhead experience the problem of air pollution like many other cities in both the developing and developed countries. Reports from World Health Organization indicate that most cities have a high concentration of pollutants such as Sulphur (IV) and Nitrogen (IV) oxide. Ideally, pollutant concentration in A-Z cities has jeopardized the quality of air thus affecting the life of the town dwellers (Moussiopoulos 10). In essence, the congestions witnessed in urban areas have contributed to multitude challenges that include air pollution. Consequently, the impacts of air pollution have been felt in A-Z cities. Studies ...

Introduction

The 21st century generation has been plagued with various natural catastrophes that have provided significant negative impacts on the present status of the world’s environment. Much of the delight of the current technological advancements that people are experiencing, the world’s natural ecosystem has been left out of concern. In only a span of several years, hundreds, or even thousands of natural calamities have been recorded in different parts of the world. There are massive typhoons, earthquakes, hurricanes, volcanic eruptions, etc. that had created massive amount of damage in our ecosystem. These natural scenarios are very alarming since ...

Stratospheric Ozone Depletion

Ozone depletion is a natural phenomenon of the earth’s stratosphere due to the presence of free radicals that are from natural causes such as volcanic activity. However, as man evolved, he discovered his environment and built industries during the industrial revolution. These industries emitted tones of pollutants into the atmosphere, including compounds Ozone Depleting Substances. The continuous use of CFCs also contributes to the effect significantly. The worst case of ozone depletion ever recorded happened in 2006, during winter and early spring in Antarctica. That sounded a loud alarm to environmental scientists, political leaders and civil organizations come ...

Affiliate institution

Climate change comprises the interaction of environmental, climatic, technological, political, social, institutional and economic processes. Climate change involves the stabilization of green houses gases. It is inevitable and cannot be dealt with in isolation of societal goals such as equity and sustainable development. Technology and policy instruments should be integrated into equity and sustainable development so as to eliminate climate change. Climate change should be carried out in such a way that food production and economic development are not compromised. It should also allow the ecosystem to adapt naturally. Sustainable development is the capacity of existing generations to fulfill ...

Instituion

1. What is the potential impact of supersonic transports (SSTs) on the ozone layer? An alarming ozone loss has been reported in the past decades, and studies showed that this global problem is attributed largely to human activities. Advancement in technology resulted in the development of high-speed air transport that are economically competitive compared to other forms of aircrafts. There is, however, the associated risk that supersonic transports can impact in the destruction of the ozone layer due to the large amount of atmospheric pollution that it emits. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology carried a study on the possible ...

Introduction

Deforestation is the uncontrolled and illegal cutting down and harvesting of trees which result in the reduction of the forest cover. Deforestation has adverse effects on the environment; the forests plays a significant role in the ecosystem. Deforestation is associated with the global climate change due to lack of trees which absorbs carbon iv oxide gases and releases oxygen into the air. In the 21st century environmentalists and ordinary human beings are already experiencing the effects of deforestation through the change in climate and desertification of most landscape.

UNEP

In the ecosystem, forests are rainfall holders by providing cover to ...

Global warming is the gradual and continuous increase in the atmospheric temperature. In the nineteenth century, global warming was a mere prediction. Scientist would say that with time, the earth temperature will start to rise at a slow but continuous rate. Today, global warming is a practical experience. Studies indicate that the average atmospheric temperature increases with 0.06o Celsius, (Houghton 2009). This rate is so alarming that if nothing is done about it, the will be adversely affected. Various evidences of global warming are evidenced in the today. Increases in global temperature coupled with melting of the polar ice ...

Question 1: what is?

Playa lake- is a depression within the interior of desert basins and it forms adjacent to coasts in semiarid as well as arid areas. The depression is covered by water which filtrates into the ground or evaporates periodically to leave salts, sand or mud deposit in the depression. Pluvial Lake- this is a lake formed due to glaciation process when large ice sheet create a bigger depression as it melts. This depression is filled with water to for this lake. Ventifact- this is a rock blasted due to sand blowing effect. It is characteristically faceted and has a parallel ...

Air quality is affected to a large extent by growing population and vehicular traffic. Vehicular emissions contribute to global warming, and lead to serious human health impacts such as respiratory disorders, Asthma, heart disease, cancer etc. Personally I have experienced the effects of deteriorating air quality in my neighborhood, which is beside busy roads with heavy traffic. Vehicle exhaust usually contains green houses gases such as CO2, NOx, SO2, and pollutants that pose high health risk such as ozone, particulate matter, 1,3 butadiene and formaldehyde (EHHI, 10). Ozone is formed when nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds emitted ...

Introduction

Environmental Effects Many have wondered what will happen when all of the tress in the world are gone. At the rate of deforestation generations soon to come will suffer the consequences of not having any trees due to deforestation today. Throughout this paper many details will be made evident as to who and what is effected by deforestation such as indigenous people as well as environment effects and climate change and what kind of damage is done to many different ecosystems and our planet as a whole but also what we can to do solve these issues. When digging ...

Pollution has become a nuisance in the current times due to the advance of technology and change of lifestyles. Day by day, the pollutants continue to destroy the environment, nature, and air. As a way of controlling the menace, organizations and nations are laying down strict rules towards it governance. The main purpose is to create an equilibrium among the organizations and companies affected and control it. The United States Environmental Protection Agency is the governing body responsible for air pollution. Its recent strike on the county due to the failure to meet the National Ambient Quality Standards might ...

International Responses to Address Environmental Issues Are Constrained by Neo-Liberal Principles Underlying International Environmental Governance

The city and state of the university Introduction Nowadays the need for appropriate environmental governance has become more important than in any previous historical period. This is simultaneously the need for proper international environmental law regulation, namely all the stakeholders, including states – policy makers and governments, NGOs, TNOs, interested in providing protection of the environment, rely, at first, on the legal instruments, among which there are ‘treaties, customs, and general principles of international law that create binding legal obligations for States and so on’ (Scanlon & Gulmin 2004, p.11). Taking into account the general definition of governance per se, i.e. ‘ ...

1) Is the current growth rate of the human population sustainable? Explain, using the concept of carrying capacity. According to the current population growth trends and the state of the environmental impact that population growth is in, the human population seems to be growing faster than the environment can sustain, if the population trend does not even out. This is especially true of areas currently in drought, overpopulated, and areas that do not have quality soil, water, and air conditions needed for appropriate food production. For example, in largely populated cities, with little or no soil to grow food ...

California has been in the headlines for a very long time as the one of the areas with dirty air. Air pollution in California is an environmental concern not just to the residents but also the entire country and the world. Reports indicate that almost more than 95% of the Californians are exposed to and living areas that do not meet the federal requirements for air quality standards. Car emissions are the major contributor to the air pollution in the state. Huffington post reports that the extent of air pollution kills more people in a year than those who ...

The use of bottled water has increased rapidly over the years because of its reputation for being clean compared to tap water. Nonetheless, bottled water has adverse effects on the environment and human health. The plastics used to manufacture the containers that store the bottled water have proved hazardous. Many people prefer using bottled water without thinking of its adverse effects. Bottled water is one of the highest plastics manufactured that negatively affects the environment and the human health. One of the most notable impacts of bottled water is that it has an adverse effect on the environment. Even ...

Law enforcement is very important in our world, because without it, the world would be far worse than it is currently. As far as present day situations are concerned, there are environmental issues that still occur, but fortunately they are being taken care of every day. An example of this involves a 2008 case study that involves ozone pollution and ozone misuse. As “The Enforcement Case Report” states, “ On September 25th of 2008, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, made a direct referral requesting that the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) file a civil action against Costco Wholesale ...

The Clean Air Act (CAA) was introduced by the federal government to control air pollution throughout the United States and is regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). While the CAA pertains the keeping the air clean for public health and the environment, the economic implications of the act are numerous. Some of the economic benefits connected to the act are increased public health, improved agricultural yields and reducing the greenhouse effect. In the Second Prospective Study done in March 2011 by the EPA to determine the true cost and benefits of the CAA, it was determined that the ...

Air pollution is a national problem. Due to the massive industrial establishments and various chemicals and substances that are used by man in his day to day activities, the air is populated with various chemicals and particulates emitted into the air causing the air pollution. In the US, Long Beach and Los Angeles, are among the most polluted regions. Majority of the industries in this area are dependent on diesel and other fuel powered machines, ships, vehicles, and trains that sustain its day to day operations. The ports of Long Beach is considered as one of the biggest sources ...

Effects of Air Pollution on Health

In this paper, we will critically review the article based on a research conducted by Chit- Ming Wong, Nuntavarn Vichit-Vadakan, Haidong Kan, and Zhengmin Qian. The title of the paper is Public Health and Air Pollution in Asia (PAPA): A Multicity Study of Short-Term Effects of Air Pollution on Mortality; published in the September 2008 issue of the journal, “Environmental Health Perspectives”. The article has included a total of twenty-seven significant literature studies which were based on the same subject. Quite a many articles were taken from some renowned databases like those of the ‘World Health Organization (WHO)’ ...

Introduction

Costco Wholesale Corporation formed their corporate sustainability and energy group in 2007 to spearhead the creation and implementation of the sustainably sourced strategies for products and energy policy. Their energy policy included a program for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions with the implementation of measures for energy efficiency. In 2007, Costco discovered that 85 percent of their carbon footprint was coming from purchased electricity. Their energy program placed emphasis on energy efficient operations and building designs. Costco also started working to reduce their deliveries by consolidation of freight at their distribution centers and increasing the load of every truck ...

Sarma, K M, and Lani Sinclair. Protecting the Ozone Layer: The United Nations History. Earthscan, 2002. Internet resource.

In this book, Sarma, a former secretary and acting consultant of UNEP (United Nations Environmental Programme) together with Anderson and an Environmental Protection Agency of the US published about the history of environmental issues as per researches done by UNEP. They talk about how the ozone layer agreement was successful and inspired the entire world community to handle the ozone layer problem and several other environmental degrading issues. The history covers the media coverage, diplomacy, science, business policies and technology stories ...

Impacts of Petroleum Exploration, Extraction and Transport

Oil shale may be defined as those rocks that usually contain a high proportion and percentage of organic matter such as kerogen. Oil shale is mainly characterized by the low calorific value as well high ash and even mineral content. Oil usually produces energy, which serves a very crucial purpose to our planet. Energy is regarded as the lifeblood of the planet earth and its occupants, thereby, being categorized as among the essential commodities that normally powers the intentions to expand the global economy (Burnham, Stubblefield, & Campbell, 1980). In the 1950s, natural gas and oil became the primary sources of liveliness ...

Introduction

Causes of food shortage There are three factors that lead to food shortage; they include environmental, economic and social factors. Other factors causing food shortage are overpopulation and poor government policies that lead many countries in scarcity of food. Food distribution to the masses is determined by the socio-political factors. The production and growth of crops in a given area is determined by the environmental factors. While on the other hand, economic factor affects the buying and production capacity.

Social factors causing food shortage include increase rate of the population which is higher than food production. High rate ...