Essays on Enforcement

Reason/Rationale: Determination of differences and implemented benchmarks between UAE and UK law enforcement system.

Abstract 3 1) Introduction 4 2) Background 4 3) Key Points 5 4) Issues and Problems 6 5) Discussion 6 6) UAE Law Enforcement 7 11) Conclusion for UAE 10 12) UK Law Enforcement 11 17) Conclusion for UK Law Enforcement 14 18) Way forward 15 19) Conclusion 15

References 16

Appendices 18 Abstract Law enforcement systems were created to put forward the initiatives of the criminal justice system particularly in ensuring that the full force of the law is in full swing. However, given the size of ...

Introduction

Management training in law enforcement includes various issues. There are three major topics that are addressed by training management in law enforcement. Each of the topics has its impacts on law enforcement. These topics include; training focused on law enforcement, training managers and supervisors on leadership and training in-service or continuing individuals on law enforcement. The main focus of this paper is to determine the impact that each of the main topics on management training have in law enforcement. Furthermore, the paper will emphasize on how these topics impact on liability, training, personnel, community relations and capabilities.

Training focus in law enforcement

Law enforcement ...

THE IMPROVEMENT OF CHINA'S ANTI-MONOPOLY LAW ——ESTABLISH PRIVATE ENFORCEMENT SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION Since the adoption of the Anti-Monopoly Law of China on August 1, 2008, only a subtle positive shift in demonopolization has been seen in the Chinese business sphere, given that a very small number of cases were ruled in favor of a plaintiff, while most of the cases ended up in reconciliation (Xiaoming, n.d.). The Anti-Monopoly Law ultimate purpose is a development through legal means of a fair competition on the markets that will boost the establishment of a market economy (Ming, “Fanlongduan Fa de Zuoyong”, n.d.). The Law provides legal imperative mechanism to prevent and solve existing competition problems, ensures competition ...

Introduction

An accounting framework essentially influences the way business entities delineates success. Traditional accounting predominantly concentrates on increasing the shareholder value while also influencing the bottom lines of the business in terms of its finances. However, an growing number of corporations now-a-days, are primarily interested in either the so called “double” or “triple” bottom line accounting. Their focus is not just on measuring the impact their business practices have on the financial bottom line, but also upon the impact their business practices have on their personnel, the societies in which they operate, as well as the environment surrounding them. ...

Body Cameras and Police Policies

Abstract In the United States, significant attention has been placed on law enforcement use of body cameras. Police body cameras are small devices that are attached to the officer’s uniform or worn as a head piece that record police interaction with the public. Both supporters and opponents of the use of these cameras have cited several reasons for their stance and the issue remains controversial. This paper takes a deep look at this issue with particular focus on the importance and the role of police body worn cameras. Some of the major aspects that will be explored in the ...

Abstract

The project deals with changes in the federal law enforcement since 9/11 attacks. The opening paragraphs induct into the political microclimate of the early 2000s and the rationales behind the 2001 terrorist attacks. Further sections give insight into improvements and changes made by the Department of Justice, one of principal law enforcement agencies, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, its subordinate agency, and police. The paper reflects the opinion of prominent security experts, accomplished writers, and governmental officials. Keywords: security, counterterrorism, attack, law, enforcement, bureau, police, justice Being a big geopolitical player that it is, the USA has its ...

Discussing the Technological and Ethical Implications

INTRODUCTION HISTORY As mentioned, the function of law enforcement has existed of millennia. At the core of the American law enforcement system is based on the system that we inherited from England when the first colonist came to the New World. For the most part law enforcement was handled by the military class, however local enforcement like Watch Keepers and the like, were generally ineffective. The modern police, men that patrol the streets and keep the peace, is based on the example of Constables, who also often provided some other civil service positions, like land surveyors. This ...

The 9/11 terrorist attacks proved that coordination between federal and local law enforcement agencies and emergency service providers was woefully inadequate. Subsequent funding and legislative actions have served to shore up this relationship, yet efficient and effective coordination remains problematic. Surveys have shown that local law enforcement personnel, who are predominantly the ones responsible for protecting citizens, are not adequately trained in anti-terrorism response techniques and policies. There is a new awareness of the importance of utilizing all available emergency service and protection services in the planning process. The events of the past 10 years have proven that local communities ...

Introduction

The process of hiring and retaining law enforcement officers is an important one because of the service that the officers will give to the community. They are required to enforce the law and eradicate crime. It is important to have officers who are ready to undertake the service with dedication. This will be achieved through having the right people. The hiring process should focus on getting officers who are service-oriented and not adventure oriented. This paper will focus on the process that has been used to hire officers and suggest new measures that can be integrated to improve the ...

U.S. immigration reform policy circa 2001 to present U.S. immigration reform policy circa 2001 to present

Introduction

During the last three administrations of the United States, influx of foreigners has been a priority issue considering that illegal immigrants are posing a threat to the bon fide citizens of the United States. The threat posed by the illegal immigrants is not only connected to security, but also such things as economy and social status. There have been many reforms made with an aim of reconstructing the current situation. The reforms made do not only focus on illegal immigration but rather touch on ...

Law enforcement occurs as one of the most pertinent matters of concern in the United States. This can be attributed to the fact that division of powers, as well as the checks and balances enshrined to each branch of government tend to constrain each other. The United States Constitution dictates that the powers of the federal government are limited to those spelt out in the Constitution. Despite this, there is a need to note that the recent past has experience a rise in cases where the federal law enforcement has encroached on roles enshrined to other agencies, especially the police. This ...

Immigration Enforcement

Immigration Enforcement

Arguably, enforcement of immigration regulations and laws has and remains to be an overwhelming task in the context of the United States. This culminates from various factors that have and continue to jeopardize immigration enforcement. One of the primary issues that jeopardize immigration enforcement is the skewed immigration enforcement on the U.S. borders rather than in the whole United States context. Precisely, immigration enforcement has often been focused on the borders at the expense of the interior contexts of the United States. This is evident by more resources in terms of hours and staff that are allotted ...

Introduction

Interrogations and confession are an integral part of the investigative process. It is through the interrogation process that law enforcement officers get their confession. However, there have been claims that there is a greater focus on getting a confession that the truth of the matter is overlooked. This, among other reasons has led to a proliferation of false confessions gotten through different approaches. The gravity of this phenomenon can be illustrated by the statistics on false confessions, or outcomes resulting from false confessions. Gudjonsson et al., (2007), carried out a study to determine the relationship between reported adverse events in life, such as ...

1. Introduction The need for disciplining the communities against possible flaws in the process of personal as well as social life of individuals is of prime importance for every law enforcement agency. The regulation of society on the basis of the law of the land is possible only if there is a strongly organized and ethically blameless model of policing. In the wake of increasing crimes and issues of fraudulent behavior of the people, the relevance of law enforcement by eligible and educated police officers is significant for the smooth governance of the society. Presently, the effectiveness of the ...

Criminal Law

Hess and Orthmann (2008) stated that a private security is a profit-oriented enterprise that offers services for personnel, equipment and a practice for the purpose of preventing losses due to human error, calamities, emergencies, catastrophe and criminal behavior. The services of private security caters to the needs ofspecific persons, companies, commercial establishments and other organizations that require firmer security measures that what is provided by the local law enforcement.Some of the individuals who seek private securities services are politicians, celebrities and wealthy business. The clients of private security companies range from individuals, small, medium-sized to bigestablishments. The rich and affluent members of ...

And their Effect on the Reduction of Human Trafficking

Introduction Human trafficking has been defined by Clawson et al as “modern day slavery” and it is a crime that affects every nation of the world (2009). As a crime it is most commonly associated with the women folk and little children who find themselves traded for the purpose of sexual or labor intensive services. The Citizens for Community Values (n.d.) stated that human trafficking does in fact go beyond sex and labor to other forms of exploitation. Agreeing with that definition the arm of The United Nations that handle unfair treatment of human beings have described trafficking as “the ...

Introduction to Law Enforcement

Introduction Law enforcement is the legal process of ensuring that laws and legislations of a state or a country are protected and persons who go against the constitutional requirements are charged and if found guilty are punished. The current world situations in respect to uprising push for human rights and humanity has resulted in law enforcement drawing several meanings just beyond punishing the culprits. On a legal argument, law enforcement includes protecting the legislations of an institution or state and as well protecting the rights of accused. This to some extent of legal argument means persons accused of white-washing a legal obligation ...

Introduction

The term, “Racial Profiling” indicates towards discriminatory practices of law enforcement agencies wherein law enforcement officials target individuals on the basis of their race, religion or origin. Profiling is an important part of criminal law if it is used in a positive manner. Profiling is an effective tool that helps law enforcement agencies in solving various crucial crimes. On the other hand, racial profiling is a discriminatory practice that deprives individuals of their fundamental rights and they suffer just because they belong to certain race, ethnicity, religion or region. This paper intends to discuss racial profiling along with discussing use of ...

Blue Code of Conduct and the Use of Force

ETHICS 2 Blue Code of Conduct and the Use of Force

Introduction

Ethical conduct is central to effective policing. The Law Enforcement Code of Ethics serves as a compass for the ethical treatment that officers of the law should bestow upon others. All police officers are given proper training and education regarding the Law Enforcement Code of Ethics, and additionally, swears to uphold this sacred code among all others. However, the emergences of police sub-cultures have caused police officers to undermine this code of ethics. - The Blue Code of Silence in Policing The Blue Code of Silence, ...

Racism against Arab Americans: Key Concerns for law enforcement to overcome racism and promote better relationship with Arab Americans and other Middle Eastern Groups 1.0 Introduction Like Hispanics, Arabs are a linguistic and cultural community that share a common primary language (Arabic) and historical and cultural background of the Arab world, and not a religious or racial group. Never the less, Arabs have been “racialized” and discriminated on the basis of their perceived religion (Islam). A majority of the Arabs is Muslim but the largest Muslim countries, e.g. Indonesia, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Turkey, Iran and Nigeria, are not found in ...

Determination of hypothesis

Apparently, the most important hypothesis among the three generated assumptions is the one concerned with security. The exact hypothesis is: The U.S. immigration reform policy circa 2001 to present has not improved the security situation. Apparently, the most prominent concern of the U.S government, when designing such legislation as that relating to immigration, is security. The illegal immigrants are generally associated with such evils as drug trafficking, human trafficking as well as terrorism (West & Brookings Institution, 2010). As such, the effectiveness of the U.S. immigration reform policy circa 2001 to present can only be evaluated by the much the ...

Introduction

Law enforcement organizations recognize lucidly the importance of and the need to collaborate, exchange and share information. Actually, active cooperation of the public and the police service is an important function in every democratic country. Hence, it is important that public perceptions are improved in addition to increasing trust through positive public interactions and fair decision making so that the police service can enhance its legitimacy. Therefore, as implied by the greater need collaborate, share and exchange information, it is imperative to assert that, there is need to identify specific strategies for interacting with groups which need specific ...

Introduction

The USA Patriot Act was put into effect to allow the United States to be more efficient when it comes to stopping and preventing terrorism. The Patriot Act was signed into law on October 26, 2001 by President Bush. This act was put into place shortly after the September 11 attacks to strengthen our country’s security. It allowed law enforcement greater freedom when it comes to conducting investigations on terrorism. The Patriot Act changed the way and increased the freedom of the government when conducting terrorist investigations. It allows the government to investigate into individuals without their knowledge, ...

Questions on Racism in Law Enforcement

INTRODUCTION Human beings are incredibly unique and individualized beings. No two people are the same, even identical twins. That diversity is expressed in our genders, socioeconomic status, style, politics, philosophies, and, of course, ethnicity and race. That latter is as aspect that continues to be at the center of ethical and equality debates. The average American generally prefers to believe that with the exception of hate organizations, like the Ku Klux Klan, racism is predominately something of the past and not something that is an active part of our modern societal paradigm. Unfortunately, that is simply not true. ...

Abstract

The term, Racial profiling, is usually practiced by law enforcement agencies in order to target people of particular race for investigation and enforcement in a disproportionate manner. Individuals as well as some particular groups are targeted by the law enforcement agencies in such practices and they are subjected to various unjustifiable sufferings. This paper intends to discuss different aspects of racial profiling, role of TSA, Police and other enforcement agencies, along with discussing the impact of racial profiling on Muslims, Arabs, Hispanics, and other American minorities after 9/11. The paper presents a detailed background of ethical profiling, why and when it ...

Introduction

Law enforcement deals with upholding given laws in a particular state under given jurisdiction. The people dealing with law enforcement are specific professionals with the aim of enforcing national laws, managing law breakers by punishing the accordingly and depending on the magnitude of law disobedience. Law enforcement can be divided into two categories depending on the goal aimed to achieve; first being a preventive measure, by the professionals, that seek to prevent any damage that might be translated to another person in the society whereas the second seeks to put the criminals on trial and assign punishments depending on the nature ...

The Police Work

The confession is the title of the video clip that I will be discussing in this paperwork. I will, therefore, identify the positive or notable actions by the police, any issues with police behavior that cause my concern, any illegal or unconstitutional acts by the police , and finally specify the constitutional Amendments the police actions may have violated in the course of duty as depicted by the video- the confession. The confession is written and directed by Ofra Bikel. As illustrated by the video, the confession, it is clear that those people, law enforcement officers, who misuse their ...

The September 9/11 terrorist attacks exposed the United States’ vulnerability to terrorist attacks. It exposed various loopholes within the national security system that terrorists could exploit to commit atrocious acts that would greatly harm the country (Enders & Sandler, 2005). More than 3000 people died in this terrorist attack, and an even greater number suffered severe injuries. The attacks showed the need for a review of the nation’s security structures and systems and the importance of emergency and disaster preparedness. Even more important, the attacks revealed the need for combined efforts when it came to the prevention and response to ...

Crime Scene Investigating (CSI) follows teams collecting and securing evidence, conducting lab experiments, interviewing witnesses and applying forensic evidence to solve crime mysteries. In CSI Miami Season 1, episode 10 (dubbed A Horrible Mind) involved an investigation of a homicide of an unorthodox professor, whose tortured body was found hanged as if by a cult. The victim was a cultural anthropology lecturer, who attracted revulsion from his colleagues and parents, but was well-appreciated by his students, mainly because of his controversy-laden course. In the investigation, which was trained on the professors’ cult-like students, the episode brings to the fore entrenched racial/religious tensions ...

Introduction

The International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) is an old and leading organization in the world that has police executives as members. The organization is not for profit and has over 20, 000 members in about 100 countries (Mueller & Robert, 2005). The organization has been in existence since 1893 serving the needs of the community in law enforcement. The organization aims at advancing professional police services and fostering cooperation among police organizations. IACP deals with recruiting and training persons in the police profession through maintaining the highest level of integrity and ethics in the profession’s conduct. The ...

‘Project Synergy’ is one of the major cases that the Drug Enforcement Administration (DFA) in the United States have embarked on in the recent past in their endeavor to fight narcotic trading. The enforcement operations were conducted in a total of 35 states, in the United States by the DFA as well as its partners in the law enforcement department aimed at the upper class of drug trafficking organizations. In particular, the operation was targeted towards the upper class of dangerous designer synthetic drug cartels and organizations that acted with no regard for public safety and the law. These enforcement ...

Police crime control policies

Crime control is paramount for the economic development of any civilized society. The political stability of any nation is measured by the crime rate. Countries that have low crime rates are more attractive to investors and business leaders. The crime rate in the United States of America was high in the 1990s. The cities were controlled by criminal gangs and at times the fights between criminal gangs took place in the streets. The frequency of homicides was relatively high. The residential places were not spared from crime related violence. Law enforcement officers were criticized for being weaklings. The police ...

ABSTRACT

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INTRODUCTION

Police patrols are integral in the proper functioning of a community, and the safety of a community can often be changed with a little bit of oversight insofar as police patrols are concerned. Police patrols may take a number of different forms, including foot patrols, car patrols bike patrols, and even horse patrols can reduce the incidence of crime in any given neighborhood at any given time. In most areas, patrol officers are uniformed officers that patrol a given area; some areas even have community patrols, made up of volunteer members of the community, often individuals that live in the neighborhood ...

The United States Justice System

The United States Criminal Justice system comprises of processes, agencies set up by the government to promote the prevention, and control of crime in addition to providing correctional measures against those found violating the laws. The history of criminal justice systems in the United States can be traced to the American Colonial whereby philosophical and religious concepts influenced the criminal justice system. The US criminal justice system is structured in such a manner that it is strictly concerned with issues associated with the violation of criminal laws and when, interpreted, the US criminal justice system strictly deals with the enforcement ...

PATRIOT Sunsets Extension Act of 2011 allows for roving wiretaps similar to the ECPA, effectively enabling spies to intercept a suspect’s electronic and wire communications associated to suspect conduct under the PATRIOT Act 2000, regardless of their location. This helps track suspects who move from phone booth, handset or computer to computer multiple times in order to foil tacking efforts. Roving wiretapping necessitates interception of email communications (without naming the communications carrier and other third parties involved in the tap). Section 209 allows stored voice mail to be treated as data as defined under section 2703 as against intercepts ...

Following APA Guidelines

Academic Affiliation: On the unfortunate morning that the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks took, place people around the globe have forced the population to reassess security measures. Once thought to be one of the safest countries in the world, the United States revealed itself to have several breaches when the towers fell. The new, restrictive guidelines to help keep citizens safe began slowly. The airport began keeping a firmer, more watchful eye on boarding passengers, as well as their luggage while the government began to take more notice of the nation’s borders. Slowly people began to feel safe ...

The United States Constitution did not originally have a Bill of Rights, but during the time when the Constitution was being written, the Founding Fathers were very concerned about the potential for individual rights' abuse by the government. Some of the Founding Fathers were against the addition of a Bill of Rights to the Constitution, but eventually, the concern about the government using its power to abuse the rights of citizens won out over the fear of not giving the government enough power (Cuddihy). The first ten amendments to the United States Constitution were added and are now called the Bill ...

ARIZONA IMMIGRATION LAW

The Arizona’s immigration law is one of the stringent laws aimed at combating illegal immigration in the state. Its passing had the main objective of identifying, prosecuting and deporting individuals residing in the state individually. The passing of the Arizona’s immigration law resulted to increased protests and diverse perspectives regarding the immigration reforms in the United States (National Conference of State Legislators, 2011). An overview of the provisions of the law reveals that the Arizona’s immigration law limits the capabilities if the counties and cities to law enforcement agencies especially the police. This provision is found ...

(Institute/University)

Introduction

A seldom noted observation device geared to monitor the movements of every passing motorist is rapidly spreading on America’s thoroughfares. “Automatic license plate readers” that are placed on police cruisers or on stationary locations such as bridges-utilize small high speed cameras to take pictures of thousands of license plates every minute. The data taken by the readers-inclusive of the plate of the vehicle, the date, time and area of the scanning-is then gathered and at times lumped together into regional data pools. As a result of these activities, innocent motorists have their private information taken and pooled into ...

Introduction

Law enforcement is for the most part a function of state and local officers as well as agencies. Most policing in the Unites States are a state, county and municipal function. The jurisdiction of these agencies essentially is the reverse of that of federal agencies. For instance, while federal agencies have very large territorial jurisdiction, state and local agencies have very narrow territorial jurisdiction. This is so because their authority is limited to the boundaries of their region. Therefore, the paper will evaluate the roles of Municipal, County, and State law enforcement agencies, their differences and how they are funded. ...

Illegal Drug Use Laws

Abstract Drug laws and their enforcement is a controversial issue in America. Drug swoops, arrests, incarcerations and other forms of punishment for convicted drug offenders have been the main bone of contention. Intrinsically, drug laws such as the Food Drug and Cosmetic Act (1938), the Controlled Substance Act (1970) among others are crafted without the intention to apply selectively and discriminately to different races and social classes. However, studies by federal and private agencies have revealed that the laws apply or are enforced unfairly to some races and especially on African Americans. For instance, the ratio of African American ...

Corse

Institutions Law enforcement is very important in every nation. The members of society in the world act in an organized way in order to promote adherence to law and justice. The law enforcement in Japan, United States and China encompass courts, police, and prisons. It is worth noting that law enforcement in many nations is crucial since it focuses on issues of punishment and prevention of crime. As a matter of fact, law enforcement organization has existed for many decades and its main function is to discourage non-criminal violation of norms and rules, which is achieved by imposition of ...

Distinguish and analyze the differences between federal, state, & local law enforcement in terms of jurisdiction & authority.

There are three main judicial and legislative jurisdictions that exist in the U. S. and they are classified as federal, state, and local. All these jurisdictions have created a broad variety of law enforcement agencies. These law enforcement agencies have little uniformity among the jurisdictions towards the authority, naming and functions of these enforcement agencies. The state, local, and federal enforcement agencies currently interact with United States homeland security via fusion centers (Holmes, 2012). There may be to some extent more than seventy fusion centers that currently operate in thirty seven states. These fusion centers may be a new concept in ...

Abstract

Leadership is a critical component of such law enforcement agency as police. To make an efficient police leaders, the chiefs of police departments need to possess a wide scope of requisite traits like honesty, integrity, impartiality, flexibility, approachability, knowledge, and other features. Depending on personality attributes, senior police officials may adopt a wide range of leadership modes like transformation, transactional, mixed, active, role-modelling, situational, participative, passive, avoidant, and laissez-faire styles. Beyond that, police leaders are supposed to pursue a number of arch-important activities like the creation of a shared vision that produces the sense of purpose for subordinates, the cultivation of organizational commitment, the ...

The terms ‘white collar crime’ and ‘tax evasion’ have precariously vacillated from the perception or classification of bonafide crime, or non-criminal acts. The slippery slope of tax evasion in relation to white collar crime sustains serious implications, historically and to the present. According to expert sources at Cornell University Law School, the definition of white collar crime is explained by giving an overview of an early incident in 1939, when sociologist Edwin Sutherland “coined” the phrase. Sutherland defined white collar crime as an act involving “crime committed by a person” who is normally tremendously respected in their line of occupation, ...

Group 8 Week 10 Outline (Walker 1997)

Complaints against the Police: A Focus Group Study of Citizen Perceptions, Goals, and Expectations - Purpose - What do the citizens want to accomplish with their complaints against the police? - Does the law enforcement citizen complaint process accurately address the citizens concerns? - Citizen complaints against Police misconduct - Law Enforcement misconduct is a prevalent issue in America. - Civil Rights groups such as the NAACP and ACLU complain that minorities are victims of repeated extreme physical and verbal abuse by the police - African Americans are less likely than White’s ...

Introduction:

According to a brief analysis, the rising issues of digital crime and digital terrorism requires training of law enforcement workers. In current situation, the law enforcement is not talented enough to handle the cases of digital crime and terrorism. There is no doubt in the fact that world is getting digitized every coming day so the knowledge of this world is mandatory in order to solve its issues. Following are eight forecasts which have been formulated after collecting data and analysis in many different situations.

Forecast 1:

Technology is changing rapidly and so are the ways to digital crime and terrorism. This ...

Introduction

People around the globe are distinguishable because of tradition, culture, appearance, and color. Hundreds or thousands of years ago, people are divided with these distinguishes. However, exploration leads to discovery and many people from different parts of the world started to travel from one place to another. This then leads to mixing from one race to another but people often have different distinctions that gave them difficulties in mingling to another group. Pilgrimage made a nation so powerful like the United States of America but it also gave grief and pain to those subjects of slavery back then. Amendments after ...

Among Law Enforcement Agencies

POLICE RETENTION 2 Introduction Maintaining an adequate police personnel level is one of the most prominent challenges currently facing the field of law enforcement. The supply and demand for competent officers are going to be changed due to intensifying law enforcement errands, escalating attrition and declining resources. These challenges might have initiated throughout the latest economic recession and actually worsened as the economy improved (Wilson & Weiss, 2014). The question arises whether the durable obligation of applicants and current officers will continue in times of economic development since enrollment and retention of officers have both become an escalating ...

Law enforcement relates to the implementation and administration of the law. Enforcing law could be examined at two levels. At the policy formulation and consequential implementation. This paper seeks to examine and discuss various policy issues at the law enforcement area. It is the paper’s contention that policy formulation needs to be realistic, practical, pragmatic and within stipulated budgets. In other words, law enforcement policy ought to be approached from a practical tradition rather than relying on various managerial theory. The paper assumes the position that policy issues are as diverse as there are topics of concern within the ...

The 21st century criminal justice system is dynamic. This is because it demands for a certain way of doing things. Any failure to abide by the prescribed way of doing things by whichever agency involved in the criminal justice system will almost inevitably lead to a severe backlash from various stakeholders. Ethics and professional behaviour are perhaps the two most important requirements for any effective criminal justice system. They are especially important in the administration of criminal justice. Individuals who are tasked with the administration of criminal justice thus have an obligation to uphold high ethical standards. In addition, their professional ...

The problem of the rapid spread of racism in American society attracts greater attention of numerous specialists, among them: the human rights community representatives, academics, politicians, government officials to find ways to solve it. Racial profiling is herewith used as type of racial discrimination. Without recourse to the etymology of the word, we note that this term usually mean the practice of police according to which a certain set of characteristics (profiles) are used to find and detain a person who has committed a crime (criminal profiling), or to identify individuals who authentically relate to criminal activity (behavioral profiling)" ("Ethnic Profiling ...

United States and China

I. Legal System The United States criminal legal system is based on the British Common Law system. Common law refers to those laws that are created and imposed by judges in the absence of specific a specific code or applicable statute defining the law (LaFave, 2000). Accordingly, during the early years of the nation when a judge was faced with a criminal activity that was not covered by a statute, he would use precedent, or refer to the decisions of similar cases, for guidance. Absent statute and precedent, the judge would simple use his best legal, professional and personal judgment to make ...

Following the American Psychological Association’s Guidelines

Since the conception of the internet, the intentions of users have grown more devious. In the beginning, what appeared to be toy is now often used to commit crimes. When the internet first arrived in homes across America, it was not often used as a tool to hurt others. At most, it was a novelty. However, as time progressed, individuals began to see all the potential held within the internet. A person could go anywhere, do anything, and be anybody. While this must have been exhilarating, it has also proved dangerous. It is difficult to believe at times that some once ...

It is the society places enormous responsibilities on the justice system to provide protection, safety, order and administer justice among the people. The expectations of the society to the law enforcers are very high, and they include; following the law, allowing the separation of the innocent from the guilty, and administering appropriate punishments and rehabilitation programs for the persons who serve sentences in the correctional facilities. There are different kinds of criticism about punishments that correlate to particular crimes have surfaced, and the argument is that some sentences far outweigh the crime. In addition, the offenders find the reentry ...

Literature Review

Literature Review Automobile is an essential means for social and economic mobility. Cars in particular have brought convenience and transportation benefits and became a significant symbol of culture, innovation, and progress. However, the proliferation of cars presents several opportunities for criminal activities such as theft. Key cities in the United States are experiencing high prevalence if car theft cases and among the regions with the highest rate of cars stolen is the Dallas Country in Texas. Due to the imminent increase in car theft cases in the area, local law enforcement units are finding more effective anti-car theft solutions ...

CHAPTER I

I. INTRODUCTION A. Conflict Theory and Racial Profiling in Drug Related Cases The problem of racially biased arrest is getting more serious. According to the New York Times Editorial Board (2013), updated federal data show that this problem “is far more extensive that was previously known — and is getting worse.” On a national average, the Blacks are nearly four times as likely to be arrested for possession of marijuana as compared to the Whites. This disparity is even more pronounced in Illinois, Iowa and Minnesota, states where Blacks are eight times as likely to be arrested compared to other ...

Introduction

Analysis is one of the most effective tools available to support law enforcement agencies today. Data collection is worthless unless it is easily understood and has relevance to the case. Analysis of information provides the indicators of what one has and what is missing. Analysis ultimately organizes the information in a way that possibly leads to prosecutorial success. In order to achieve this significant outcome, Colorado State criminal investigation department (CID) plans to establish an analytical unit. The objective of this proposal is to formulate a new analytical unit in order to enhance and accelerate the process of intelligence data analysis. ...

The Criminal Justice System is made up of series of parts with distinctive goals. It is a form of social control which seeks to ensure that the particular criminal law of the land is followed. The criminal justice system comprises three main components mainly; the law enforcement, the courts and the corrections units. All these components need to work in co-ordination but also independently without usurping the function of another. At the initial stage of the criminal trial process does the law enforcement unit come in. the law enforcement is charged with the arrest of the offenders, conduct of investigations ...

The role and responsibilities of the local police

Abstract Terrorism is a growing threat faced by several nations today. The response to terrorism had radically changed throughout the world subsequent to the 9/11 attacks and the role of the local police in combating terrorism was fiercely emphasized. The local police, while understanding and accepting the challenge have drawbacks in their counter terrorist efforts. Terrorist outfits and organizations are generally small and are secretive in their working, which makes it difficult for the law enforcement agencies to track them down. The modus operandi of the terrorists is to seek innovative and less suspecting ways of attacks that at ...