Essays on Enforcement

Law enforcement is very important in our world, because without it, the world would be far worse than it is currently. As far as present day situations are concerned, there are environmental issues that still occur, but fortunately they are being taken care of every day. An example of this involves a 2008 case study that involves ozone pollution and ozone misuse. As “The Enforcement Case Report” states, “ On September 25th of 2008, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, made a direct referral requesting that the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) file a civil action against Costco Wholesale ...

Introduction

In the book, “The Behavior of Law” Donald Black tries to explain how the conduct of law is a social phenomenon. Black describes a general, quantitative and predictive theory that describes the various conditions within which law is applied or can be applied. Black argues that since law is a social phenomenon, it does not take into account the human nature concept. As such, law can be explained without incorporating a person’s motivations or any other psychological motivations. This means that the theory does not take into account the rationality of human beings and also the goals and ...

Organized crime has often been branded as one of the most difficult types of crimes to deal with, and rightly so, given its nature. The extreme preparedness and structuring that goes into executing each criminal activity, as well as the number of people involved in an organized crime makes it difficult for the investigating authorities to apprehend the criminals involved therein. According to Blacks Law dictionary, the most distinct feature of organized crime is the fact that it is extremely planned and systematic. It is never sudden as it involves many people acting in concert with the common intention ...

INTRODUCTION

A man approached a gay couple screaming “I hate faggots”, and placed the knife to the neck of one of the men. An attacker approached a lesbian, called her a “dyke” and punched her in the face. A transgender woman was raped and strangled. A gay man was attacked, beaten, impaled with a stick and left nude by multiple assailants. A trans woman was shot to death by a group of individuals who followed and taunted him. A gay man was attacked at his place of employment. A transgender woman was beaten, raped and killed. These types are reported ...

Jails and prisons both share the characteristic of being correctional incarceration facilities. However, the purpose and intent of these types of facilities differs.In your initial response, compare and contrast jails vs. prisons. As part of your comparison discuss the purpose and intent of each type of facility. Consider the type of inmate that is housed in each facility as part of your evaluation of these correctional facilities. There is no doubt that incarceration of any kind is considered as an unpleasant experience, since a convict is deprived of freedom. It is worth noting that the rights, policies as well ...

In juvenile criminal justice, “bootstrapping” refers to the law enforcement practice of detaining juveniles in jail for contempt of court or failure to obey a court order. The practice of bootstrapping is linked to the passage of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA) by Congress in 1974 (Simones & Stone, 2012). According to one provision of the JJDPA, law enforcement and courts were prohibited from incarcerating status offenders in jail unless it was for a few hours before or after a hearing. A status offender is a juvenile that has not committed a crime but has violated a “ ...

Introduction

The capitalist production relies mostly on the scientific application of management principles which entail antagonistic social relations with production being the central focus of managers. This implies that the human point of view is not recognized and the only ideas workers should subscribe to are those of the management. An analysis, therefore, proves that capitalist production leads to adverse social consequences that tend to subdivide workers instead of bringing them together. Capitalist production degrades work since it makes workers behave like machines thereby neglecting the need to consider the human point of view during production. The essay, therefore, draws ...

Today, there is a broad consensus among policymakers and mainstream economists in developed countries and international institutions that a secure property rights regime (defined in terms of the transparency, impartiality, and competence of the judicial system) plays a critical role in economic development. Yet this view is a recent phenomenon; it is only in recent decades that the importance of property rights has entered the economic literature. Of course, throughout much of the early history of modern economics, the existence of private property rights was a presumption that underlay the work of leading economic thinkers. It is no wonder ...

The criminal justice system, like the federal government, is composed of three branches, namely law enforcement, courts, and corrections (Kaci, 1998). To be sure, the three branches of criminal justice also share the federal government’s separation of powers. Law enforcement, which is mainly comprised of local and state police forces including city police, county sheriffs, and state troopers, are responsible for enforcing the criminal laws, investigating criminal activity, and bringing criminal suspects to justice. The courts, which include criminal court judges, prosecutors, and defense attorneys are tasked with the litigation and adjudication of a suspect’s guilt; and ...

Threats to internal security and the need to maintain law and order have prompted the security policy makers in collaboration with various government agencies to come up with suggestions of having an enhanced and equipped police force that can respond to any security issues at any given moment. The police force has managed to become a significant agency in the governance of the country and to undertake its roles in the most effective way; there have been numerous reforms that have facilitated the required levels of the organization and hence operations. The vital aspect in the police organization and ...

Thesis Question: What is the past history and impact of gun control legislation in the United States on violent crime and do the findings recommend future restrictions?

Section 1: Introduction (see proposal)

Section 2: History of Gun Legislation The Federal Assault Weapons Ban (Congress.gov, 2016) Explanation of FAWB (Chu, 2013) Situations that prompted the enactment of the FAWB Sandy Hook killings (McCarthy, 2013) Impact of FAWB Overview of statistics of violent crime involving firearms (Chapman, 2013; Gerney, Parsons & Posner, 2013; Ayres & Donohue, 2002) Section 3: Arguments on individual rights to own firearms Opponents of strict gun control Constitutional right to bear arms Statistics showing ...

Introduction

Over the years, scholars have tried to study what constitute organizational effectiveness and how to achieve it; the result of which is the conception of varied theoretical models that are sometimes incoherent, abstract and redundant (Forbes, & Lynn, 2007, p.8). Some scholars, for instance, suggests that in order to achieve organizational effectiveness, an organization should focus on productivity, goal setting, utilization of the environment, external audit and human resources (Forbes, & Lynn, 2007, p.8). Other organizations, especially profit oriented organizations, on the other hand, evaluate their effectiveness using a broader concept of the triple bottom line, which is a measure of ...

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is one of the most reputable security agencies in the United States of America. Although there are several other security agencies in the United States of America, the Federal Bureau of Investigation remains one of the most significant as far as the American protection policy is concerned. The Federal Bureau of Investigation however, is a domestic agency which provides intelligence and security service in the United States of America (Findlay 21). Due to its importance and effectiveness, it is mandated with the duty of serving as the United States’ law enforcement agency; it’ ...

U.S. Counter Terrorism Strategies Since the beginning of the new millennium, global terrorism has firmly occupied the place of "the main threat to humanity". Undisputed leader in the fight against "evil terrorist" remains the United States, providing a wide range of activities to capture and destroy the militants of “Al-Qaeda” and others like that, not only in the country but also far beyond its borders. What are they, the results of decades of anti-terror battle? A proof of special significance for the United States to combat global terrorism was the establishment of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) after ...

The Clean Air Act (CAA) was introduced by the federal government to control air pollution throughout the United States and is regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). While the CAA pertains the keeping the air clean for public health and the environment, the economic implications of the act are numerous. Some of the economic benefits connected to the act are increased public health, improved agricultural yields and reducing the greenhouse effect. In the Second Prospective Study done in March 2011 by the EPA to determine the true cost and benefits of the CAA, it was determined that the ...

In order to complete the Portfolio Project, I have chosen the topic “Racial Profiling by the Police: What are the Critics Missing” for my research. Racial profiling, like many aspects of criminal justice has its opponents and supports. Opponents of racial profiling, such as the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the define racial profiling as the “discriminatory practice of law enforcement officials of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on the individual’s race or ethnicity” (ACLU, 2015). Racial profiling critics argue that police, rather than basing their actions on an analysis of the facts and circumstances ...

I. Introduction Cyber or computer crime refers illegal acts in which a computer or computer network is a: target of the act, a facilitator of the act, or platform on which the act occurs. Regardless of the category, computer crimes as a whole is one of the fastest growing areas of criminality. Moreover, as the world moves increasing online, computer crimes are likely to become one of law enforcement’s primary challenges. Law enforcement must take steps now to understand the threat that computer crimes pose. A better understanding will allow police to make the necessary preparations so that ...

Abstract

The importance of social media websites is constantly increasing. Now they play a significant role in the daily life of every individual. Businesses are also involved in the social media, as these websites represent many opportunities for them, such as advertising, promotion, customer relations, receiving feedback, and etc. Due to the significant importance and time consuming of social networks, there appeared many issues related to them, e.g. the use of social media websites in the workplace, work productivity, and changes in the employer and employee relations. Nowadays employers face many issues with the use of such websites by their ...

The internet has transformed the way individuals conduct job searches and apply for suitable openings. According to Doyle (2014), the best search techniques look beyond the application process. Instead, it focuses on positioning oneself to tap into the available resources that would boost a job hunt. I applied these techniques in search of law enforcement jobs in Waterloo, IA and its neighborhoods (Doyle, 2014). The following is a summary of my results. Based on my research, unfortunately, there are no current job openings for Parole Officer and other relevant law enforcement placements in Waterloo, IA. However, the Cedar Rapids ...

Police misconduct comprises of the unethical and illegal actions or violations of an individual`s constitutional rights by the law enforcement officers in their line of duty. The actions range from dishonesty, brutality, coercion, fraud, torture to force a confession, sexual assault, abuse of authority, and demanding for sexual favors. Conversely, police corruption involves the abuse of police authority in order to acquire personal gains and it involves profiting or material benefit illegally gained due to the police officer`s authority (Harris, 2014). Police corruption takes the form of extortion, bribery, selling drugs and receiving or fencing stolen goods. ...

Civil Liberties and Social Responsibility

In 2002, as reported by The New York Times, the Bush administration approved a presidential bill giving the National Security Agency (NSA) the power to track, listen to, and intercept without a warrant the local and international communications (e.g. emails, phone calls) of a vast number of American citizens. Sooner or later, the scheme expanded to involve a certain extent of 'internal controls' (ACLU, 2015, para 2), yet there was no mention of mandating warrants specified under the foreign intelligence surveillance laws. This surveillance program has penetrated and invaded almost all of the communications technologies and networks that the ...

Police operations and activities have changed and improved in this 21st century, and this can be attributed to changes in different sectors. Police nowadays carry out their activities in a more efficient way than in the past. This is much evident in the USA where the police reaction to situation and way they handle their activities have changed in a big way, some of the developments that have tremendously impacted police operation and activities include the following.

How technology has affected police operation, mission, and values.

Technology advancement has led to the improvement on how the police carry out their activities especially in the USA. Technology has enabled ...

[Author Name] You do not have to wear the uniform to appreciate the inherent difficulty of police work. Each work day is different, and there is no clear and consistent guidebook on how police should make unsupervised, split-second judgements, handle threats to public safety, properly maintain order, or determine the efficient allocation of limited investigative resources. In truth, the unique requirements of their jobs demand that officers have broad authority to exercise their best judgement: the core of police discretion. Kelling (1999) describes two discrete aspects of police work that require that officers be insulated from knee-jerk, public scrutiny: ...

Introduction

Environmental degradation is not uncommon. In fact, it is one of the most talked about topic in international conventions and forums. Apparently, the degradation of the environment is not only a local concern. Environmental problems such as climate change, deforestation, pollution and many others are perpetrated in a local and national level and yet it has global ramifications. However, despite the fact that there are international agencies that creates environmental policies, the effectiveness of these policies and regulations largely depend on the propensity of a particular nation to implement it. The nation’s territorial powers and sovereignty make it ...

Introduction

Globalization has come up with major trends amongst multinational corporations and other ordinary entities. This is because the idea of doing business across different boundaries lends itself to unique and distinct issues and matters. Globalization comes with a high degree of uncertainty because it involves dealing with many issues and matters across boundaries. In the past, most nations around the world were focused on dealing with matters within a given national framework or country. However, multinational entities deal with things that spans across different nations and communities. This comes with major problems and challenges. Furthermore, ethics are subjective. They ...

Abstract

Domestic violence, as its name suggests, involves intimate partner and family violence. The law has historically treated domestic violence as only a secondary issue. The treatment reflects the longstanding notion that family and domestic matters are private and should not be subject to law enforcement interference. Compounding this blasé attitude towards domestic violence was the fact that traditionally, women were considered to belong to their husbands. Until very recently, a husband could not be prosecuted for the rape of his wife. What is important to note is that domestic violence affects all types of persons. There is no one, ...

Introduction

Social control theories emerged in the early 1900s which questioned why not all humans commit crimes. Unlike the criminology theories that examine why an individual commits criminal activity, the social control theories focus on how certain individuals refrain from it. There were several notable sociologists who expressed their ideas on how the society and its traditions can ensure that an individual will conform to a law-abiding lifestyle. They identified two types of controls in their theories. Informal and formal control. The informal control mechanisms are family, friends, or their individual social circles. The formal control is from the Government ...

Statistics tell us about the state of policing in the country. A report released by the FBI in 2014 shows that at least 51 officers were killed while doing their jobs (Sanburn, 2015). That was an 89 percent rise from the previous year. The report also showed that in 2013, 461 suspects were killed by police officers, which was more than the 2010 number of 397 (Sanburn, 2015). A survey among the minority groups shows that people are less confident of law enforcement. A number of efforts have been made so far to come up with solutions for these ...

The question among a majority of the world population is why some countries are more developed than others are. In the world, United States of America and other European countries are considered to have superior economy compared to the developing countries. The situation is so, despite these countries having a richer economic history and a pool of both natural and human resources. The explanation for this situation remains elusive to many researchers with different reasons fronted by the investigators (Acemoglu, 385). However, to answer this question we need to understand the terminology; economic institution and its link to the ...

Introduction

According to experts, the security threats of organized and transnational crime have existed for many years in Southeast Asia and have even increased over the years because of globalization. But despite the fact that organized and transnational criminal activity in Southeast Asia is rampant, little study has been done to fully understand this phenomenon. In a study submitted to the United States’ National Institute of Justice, for instance, it was observed that Southeast Asian countries have little awareness about organized and transnational crimes and its impact on their national security. Among their major findings is that “there is little ...

The film is based on the formative days of the FBI when they had limited power and relied more on the other law enforcement officers to do their job. These laws are soon improved to give the force more freedom to operate. It features Davis, a young lawyer who joins the force during the rampant crime era of the wild mid-west(G- Men). The police are portrayed as self-sacrificing as they lose their lives trying to fight crime(G- Men). They are also portrayed as being committed to the course of the law; despite the violence and the influence ...

In a culture where violence against women is perpetrated daily and impunity is expected, Guatemala has one of the highest rates of violence against women in the world. The country is also widely known for its participation in the human trafficking of women. Women are violently killed on a daily basis in Guatemala, and thousands are reported missing every year. Women have been subjected to violence of this nature due to the culturally instilled idea that violence against women is a domestic issue to be handled directly by family. Even with laws making femicide a crime, Guatemala’s rate ...

Briefing Note on Information Sharing

Issue: Counterterrorism Information Sharing Role of Information Sharing Since 9/11 The importance of sharing intelligence information related to terrorism among the various law enforcement agencies and the federal security machinery cannot be overemphasized. There various roles that information sharing plays in detecting and preventing terrorism activities. Firstly, terrorist attacks take place in a community setting. It is the duty of local, state and community based responders as well law enforcement officials to initiate the first response team. Information sharing is necessary ensure timely response. Timely response is essential in mitigating the impact and reducing the number of causalities from ...

Research Questions

When did gun control legislation first become law? What are past gun control efforts? What have been the results on crime from past gun control legislation? What are current gun control laws? What are proposed gun control laws? What is the controversy surrounding gun control? In order to have a discussion concerning the criminal use of firearms, a definition of the terms used in gun restrictions is needed. The interpretation used in a report submitted by legislative attorney Vivian Chu to Congress addressed the prohibition of the possession, transfer, or manufacture of firearms (Chu, 2013); this is the definition ...

Based on the quote above by James Grossman, how did emancipation change the life of slavery owners? How did emancipation change the life of enslaved people? The freedom made the slave owner’s daily lives and operations more difficult because they were used to getting free labour with no worries. In most cases, the Blacks were at their disposal. Moreover, they had to be creative with ratifying laws that would ensure that they had enough prisoners to work on their farms, as they could not control the blacks any longer (Hines 7). On the other hand, the slaves were ...

Extradition of Drug Traffickers for Trial in the United Justice System to Replace the Mexican Justice System in the Trial of Drug Traffickers

Abstract

The study examines the benefits of extradition of drug traffickers in the United States. According to the assessment, the United States justice system has been proposed as a viable replacement of the less evolved Mexican justice system. Despite the existence of laws that inhibit drug dealing in Mexico, there has been a steady increase in the levels of drug dealing in the nation, particularly over the United States-Mexico border, which serves as an integral trading market ...

Introduction

A cruise on an empty road in Miami turns my uncle’s and my vacation upside down. After the Police pulled us over for speeding, the officers handcuffed my uncle Bob and placed him under arrest. Since we are from California and my uncle never set foot in Florida ever before. In addition, these officers have Uncle Bob’s entire rap sheet including the length of his prison sentences. This paper analyzes the various information systems used by police forces across the nation that provides law enforcement with instant information on any potential threats.

Process of transferring data from California to Miami

The police officers in Miami ...

Introduction

Policing plays an important part in crime reduction and law enforcement strategies. Thus, the police have a significant say in what elements receive the crime tag and which offenses deserve prioritization. Amidst this organization are a series of approaches that aid in ensuring efficiency in policing. This essay focuses on problem-oriented policing and community-oriented policing as two of the top-most trends.

Community-Oriented Policing

Community-oriented policing (C.O.P) is an ideology that incorporates the traditional elements of law enforcement with problem-solving, prevention measures, community partnerships, and engagement. The goal of this ideology is to establish ties and work closely with community members in ...

INTRODUCTION

Police work is a very complex and stressful occupation. Their main goal when leaving for work in the morning is to come home to their families at night and sometimes this is not the case. Police on a daily basis see the human condition at its worse and people going through the most awful times of their lives-some by their own doing and others as victims. There is much reform that is needed in the law enforcement occupations and much of that mirrors the reforms needed in society as a whole.

Major Characteristics of Political and Reform Eras of Policing

An historical prospective can give credence to the ...

Interpersonal physical violence (committed against women and children)

Human trafficking and concomitant criminal sexual exploitation of women and children in the XXI century is becoming the fastest growing and highly lucrative activity for transnational organized crime. Statistical data of different sources irrefutably specify on the tendency of increasing human trafficking in many countries of the world. It is necessary, to mark that this crime is not a problem of one state and an issue that has gained an international dimension. The danger of human trafficking is that the buyer gets as a result of the deed of sale full control over the victim and may dispose of ...

In the United States, the Law Enforcement comprises of a complex structure that has more than 23,000 federal, state and local agencies. The fundamental purpose of these law enforcement bodies involves protecting the society among other various responsibilities and roles. For instance, the state police are mandated to conduct statewide investigations and highway patrols. They also offer emergency and investigation assistance to the local police if such duties extend beyond the jurisdictional boundaries and resources of the local agencies (Conser et al. 2011). In addition, the state police are entitled to handle technical, training, and administrative duties and ...

The concepts of ethics and morality seem to be similar in nature. However, careful observation will reveal that despite definitions that seem relevant, they are in fact two distinct concepts. The concept of morals involves more than just determining right from wrong. It involves the personal justification of an individual. The person might assume that it is okay to commit crimes for profit since a part of the proceedings will benefit charity. However, despite the good intentions, if the procurement of the source of the charity contribution is criminal, it is wrong. Morals might not help the situation since ...

Introduction

Criminal justice administration is a challenging role since it determines the outcomes of operations conducted by any law enforcement agency. The decisions made by individuals in this role provide the infrastructure to prevent crime, uphold the law, serve and protect the people, and maintain the peace. The professional conduct of such administrators is often under threat due to undue pressure from local politicians, organized crime leadership, and even a Federal or State law enforcement agency. The chances for succumbing to pressure are high when ethics are lacking. Ethics influence the moral decisions that administrators make. Ethical behavior constitutes to ...

Abstract

Modern science and technology have had lasting impacts in the area of criminal investigations. Forensic science enables police, law enforcement, and investigators to detect small amounts of evidence left on items and persons at crime scenes. Certain evidence, such as tiny blood stains, were once invisible to the naked eye and had little value to an investigation because the technology for testing the evidence was simply not invented yet. A criminal always transfers some kind of trace evidence between himself and the victim during every crime. Trace evidence is broad and includes things from soil and paint chips to ...

One of the hallmarks of the US criminal law is the extent of protections afforded to criminal defendants. While a large body of criminal procedure has been developed and refined through case law, the US Constitution lays the foundation for procedural protections that are guaranteed to a criminal defendant. Law enforcement at all levels are required to adhere to such protections and guarantees. The reason that such projections and safeguards are so important for a criminal defendant is to prevent the government from abusing its power. In most cases, a criminal defendant will have considerably fewer resources and means ...

Law enforcement officers on the streets need to come across people that are either hurt, injured or they can be criminals that are armed and can attack or harm them. In their defense, these officers might need to attack as well, and that may cause contact with blood or exchange through droplets in the air, and if any person is infected with a blood-borne disease, then they are at risk to catch the disease as well. (The Workplace Safety Store, 2012). As it happens, diseases such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C and most importantly HIV are very common in ...

Law

THE LEGALIZATION OF MARIJUANA IN COLORADO Introduction The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of the legalization of marijuana in the state of Colorado by covering the following issues: 1.) the positive and negative effects of legalizing marijuana within the state; 2.) the effect of marijuana on public health and safety; 3.) the economic advantages after Amendment 64 was approved in the state of Colorado; 4.) the effect of decriminalizing marijuana to the police and law enforcement agencies. The outcome of the research will be an evaluation of the overall impact of the legalization of marijuana ...

Abstract

With a large number of marijuana users based in the United States of America, criminalization has been significantly costly for the federal government, medical service providers and the criminal justice system. Over the years, many patients have experienced the advantages of using medical marijuana and doctors have been prescribing marijuana in cases they find necessary. On the economic point of view, prohibition of marijuana costs the federal government billions of dollars in expenses to regulate and the government misses out on the tax revenue, significantly powerful industry for job creation and supporting other industries and alleviates the price for ...

Community policing is an initiative that has been embraced by the community and law enforcement organizations. Community policing is the idea whereby the members of a community work together with the police/criminal law agencies to help prevent and fight crime. It promotes organizational strategies that support systematic understanding and partnership of the police and the public in solving community-based problems such as crime, drug abuse, and social disorders. It has been embraced because of its effectiveness in building tolerance and cultural understanding between the community and criminal law agencies. Through community policing the public have now gained trust and ...

Importance of privacy policies in a fusion center

Information is the key goal for a Fusion Center. A Fusion Center collects and analyzes data from various sources to determine the likelihood of potential threats from domestic and foreign origin against the US. The information from government and private sources contribute largely to a Fusion Center’s database (Regan and Monahan, 2013). The most potent information often originates from the general population. The case of the Lackawanna Six is a testament to that. The people who provided the anonymous tip believed that the Federal Bureau of Investigation works to safeguard the nation. The FBI, with a long history ...

Introduction

Five states within the USA have the legislation governing the legalized realization of marijuana in small amounts. Colorado is not an exception as the majority of the population in this union support this policy. Given the fact that the issue of the impact of the legalization of marijuana has not been researched properly by the experts, this paper will present the overwiev of the major studies pertaining to this question. Nowadays, the population believe that marijuana should be treated in the similar manner to the regulation of the realization of alcohol and tobacco in the country. Despite the fact ...

Backgrounnd

In today's political climate, much discussion centers around the facts of marijuana policy in national discussions and debates. On the one hand are the scientific and medical policy discussion which consider continuously whether marijuana is in fact detrimental to your health or whether there are some if any benefits. On the other side of the fence are the social policy wonks who argue continuously over marijuana policy and its legal status in contemporary American jurisprudence. Marijuana legalization discussions are not simply a question of whether the law should permit the use and possession of marijuana (however, this is one ...

One of the most significant issues in the U.S. today is the systemic policies that have led to the U.S. having the largest prison population in the world. A disproportionate number of socioeconomically marginalized citizens are incarcerated and subjected to discriminatory practices by law enforcement and the justice department. The consequences are wide-reaching and inseparable, cutting across political, social, and cultural lines. In order to identify the roots of these interconnected phenomena, one needs to both understand the historical struggle of marginalized groups in the U.S. as well as follow the money. Socioeconomic discrimination, voter suppression, for-profit policing practices, ...

Legislation Title: The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (Tobacco Control Act) 2009

Agency Responsible for Implementation The main federal body charged with the responsibility of implementing this piece of legislation on tobacco control is the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Implementation here involves the types of sanctions and procedures that are inserted in legislation to aid in the enforcement process. According to Healthy People (2010), tobacco use or dependency prevention and control among Americans is important given that tobacco has been proven to cause illnesses such as cancer, lung and heart diseases, premature birth, asthma attacks, ear infection, respiratory infections, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and eventually death. All these, according ...

As the discipline of crime analysis expands, it becomes ever more important to adopt universal definitions of terms. Crime analysis itself can be addressed as a process and profession, where a range of quantitative and qualitative techniques are utilized in order to analyze data, necessary for police agencies (IACA, 2014). Crime analysis encompasses a broad range of topics, including the analysis of crime and criminals, victims of a crime, traffic issues, as well as internal police operations. The results of crime investigation provide support to criminal investigation, prosecution, prevention and reduction of criminal activities, as well as evaluation of ...

Develop an initial mental health postarrest assessment for Doe that includes a line of questioning to determine personality type and suicide risk. Personality type should be taken into account in order to determine the psychological context of Doe. This can established through the development of their past circumstances and mental health history. This will help in demonstrating the conditions upon which the criminal action took place. Understanding their past history of mental illness will help to provide insight into this context. Through the establishment of a conceptual framework that can be understood in regards to the history and criminal ...

Firearms have been used in committing crimes for centuries. It was not until the 1990’s that firearms and bullets could be connected to one another. Every time a gun fires it leaves an imprint that is identifiable. Each firearm has its own unique print that can be used to determine if a bullet was fired from that same weapon. Firearm ballistics and examination has been used in determining criminal cases for many years now. One case that was solved by firearm ballistics was in 2001. The case had been cold for over 40 years, and because of the ...

Introduction

It all started on February 26, 2012 when a brutal police shooting made the airwaves and took the nation by storm. A 17-year-old African American boy from Sanford, Florida was shot to death by a neighborhood watchman, George Zimmerman. Ever since, there has been an influx of social media outlets and news outlets reporting on stores about various police shooting crimes that have happened ever since Trayvon Martin's case. Now in, 2016, there is still an uproar about these shootings and many questions and concerns about why they're happening. These senseless shootings have been creating a divide between the ...

Abstract

This paper will discuss the emergence of national security policies and laws in the aftermath of the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Prior to these attacks, there was relatively little coordination between different government agencies and branches with regards to counterterrorism. But the 9/11 attacks led to significant changes. All three government branches are highly involved in national security measures and interests. Congress responded by passing very important statutes to augment the government’s authority to conduct and investigate terrorist threats and apprehend suspects. These statutes reflect the practical difficulties of apprehending and prosecuting terrorists. Terrorism is unique in that if ...

Personal Perception of Organized Crime

Introduction Drawing upon the statutory observations and official reports of Congress bodies, currently the United States law enforcement authorities do not have at their disposal a unified legal definition of organized crime laid down in the country’s legislation (Finklea, 2010). The obstacle in crafting a comprehensive definition of organized crime stems from a serious inability of academics, practitioners and theorists to find accurate characteristics of organized crime. Within this essay, the author describes certain approaches to defining organized crime and stresses that the United States notion of organized crime adopted by law enforcement bodies does not meet a ...