Essays on Constitution

The matters concerning gender socialization starts at birth and are experienced through the agents of socialization which include mass media, education, peer groups, and family. The repeated socialization that happens over a long period leads both the men and women into a false sense of acting naturally, rather than following the rules that have been socially constructed. Existence of gender stereotypes forms the basis prejudicial sexism and beliefs, which promote valuing of one sex over the other. Research shows that, in Russia, there is a wide wage gap, which is cannot be related to the lower qualifications of women Continue reading...

The American constitution grants the Congress the authority to make laws. A proposed law only becomes law after the approval of the senate and the House of Representatives. The creators of Congress ensured the body has more important powers than the Executive and the Supreme Court. Congress contains checks and balances to avoid the issue of absolute power on one branch and this led to the creation of the Senate and the House of Representatives (Haas, 2009). Congress has the empowerment of the constitution. Section 1 of the constitution state that all, “legislative powers vest in the Congress of Continue reading...

Introduction

NEW YORK v. BURGER, 482 U.S. 691 (1987) 482 U.S. 691 is a leading case on the American criminal justice system. This paper intends to discuss the abovementioned case in detail along with the facts, issues, and findings of this case.

Brief Facts

Brooklyn based Respondent used to own a junkyard. He was in the business of dismantling automobiles and selling the dismantled parts. Police Officers of New York City department suspected his business and rushed at his premises on 17th November 1982. Police officers were in civil dress, and they wanted to conduct an inspection of the premises. Police officers Continue reading...

0ne of the questions that one should ask him or herself on this subject is what are taxes? It is fundamental for everyone to understand what taxes are and why people pay them. By understanding the concept behind the enigma, then one can conclude based on sound knowledge. In simple terms taxes is the percentage of money that the government takes from takes to support the services it offers such as security, good roads and education. Without taxes, no government in the world can function. This is because no government has its own money. A huge part of what Continue reading...

Gun Control

Introduction
Gun control is a hot button issue in America and has been so for a substantial period of time. Proponents of gun ownership argue that the Second Amendment of the United States Constitution gives citizens the right to bear arms for the purposes of protecting themselves and their families. Therefore, all regulations regarding gun control must pass Constitutional muster. Opponents of gun ownership argue that guns are used to commit violent acts against others; therefore, the ownership of handguns and other firearms typically used to commit violent acts should be unlawful or heavily regulated in America. They believe Continue reading...

Introduction

In the early 18th century America was divided into 13 independent states each governing themselves. The US constitution, which upon being signed established the national government, came to be in September 17th 1787, approved by the delegates in attendance at the constitution treaty in Philadelphia. By signing the constitution it meant that that the 13 states are under one central government with three main arms; the executive, the legislature and the judiciary. This however was not supported by all and it’s what brought about the major conflict between two groups the federalists and the anti-federalist, who differed in Continue reading...

- Historical Documents
In general, terms, the U.S Constitution is the country’s supreme law. It was adopted on 17 September 1787. However, it was not until 1789 that this constitution was ratified. During this time, it was ratified by only 11 states. Though authored by several personalities, Governor Morris who hailed from Pennsylvania has been credited as the man who chaired the committee that drafted the constitution. Other members of the committee included John Dickinson, Thomas Jefferson, and James Madison among others (Ritchie et al. 56). The Constitution was created for a number of purposes. Of major importance, Continue reading...

The Patriotic Act first came into effect after the 9/11 terrorist attack on the World Trade Center in New York City and the Pentagon in Washington D.C. At the time, it seemed like a very good idea and many Americans were in support of the act as they viewed it as a plausible way of deterring future acts of terrorism. Most of the country was still in shock after the devastation caused by the terrorist attack and naturally, they rallied behind what they thought was an effective response to this major setback. It is clear that the people at Continue reading...

California Government: Section Readings Key Points

Federalism as a System of Government
The government of the United States of America is a federalist system which is composed of the federal governments, state governments, and local, county, city and township governments. The smaller governments are the creation of state government (See Greenberg, p. 44). “Federalism is a system under which significant government powers are divided between the central government and smaller units, such as states. A federal system can be contrasted with two other common types of government: a confederation and a unitary government. In a confederation, the constituent states get together for certain common purposes Continue reading...

Essay for Lesson 11: German Reunification

Introduction
The division of Germany into West Germany and East Germany emerged as a stopgap solution for the woeful state of the nation following its defeat in the Second World War. With the United States (US) ultimately gaining full control over West Germany, East Germany increasingly became alienated towards it, as it went under the influence of the Soviet Union (USSR). West Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), rapidly grew into one of the most politically and economically influential nations in Europe representing the democratic interests of the US in the region, while East Germany, officially the Continue reading...

Part One

The United States has a comparatively long history and global changes, especially the World Wars shaped its global position to become a global superpower. This has enabled the country to enjoy unrivaled preeminence in weaponry, entrepreneurship, education and science and technology among others. Therefore, it plays an imperative role in dispute resolution and peace processes in many parts of the world. For example, it has largely been involved in dispute resolution, in the Middle East such as the India Pakistan dispute and the recent war in Iraq. The country has been considered as a source of democracy in the Continue reading...

Part 1

The sergeant, new recruits, ladies, and gentlemen, I welcome everyone to this important day. I am going to address the protections that provided to citizens against aggressive police behavior.
The misconduct and corruption cases by police disrespects the human stipulated by the constitution. The law protects the citizens from all forms of bribery, civil violations and extortion. The law is against police misconduct and allows citizens to sue the police for any violations of their rights. The police forces are accountable to any form of brutality they induce to citizens. Section 18 U.S.C. § 241 [2000]) protects the citizens from Continue reading...

The Islamic Republic of Pakistan has an estimated population of 180 Million people. Out of this, 97% professes Islam as their religion of choice. Religious minorities, which constitute the remaining 3%, include Christians, Hindus, Jews, and Buddhists (Enloe, 1986). The politics of the country restrict religious freedom and the constitution endorses Islam as the state religion. There are provisions in the constitution that allow the minorities to perform their religious practices. I visited and lived in Pakistan for nine months and the experience I had was shocking. I witnessed religious persecution in various parts the country as extreme militant Continue reading...

Introduction

The Brandy bill was enacted and passed in 1993. The provisions of the bill are that individuals undergo thorough scrutiny before they can be allowed to purchase and carry firearms within the United States. This is attributable to the need to give firearms to responsible people who cannot use them appropriately to avoid havoc within the society . However, this bill has been criticized larges since its incorporation simply because different people have different opinions regarding the people. While some view it as an appropriate measure to control the ownership of the dangerous weapon, others view it as an infringement Continue reading...

Introduction

In the history of the United States of America, there have been many cases when the Constitution of the country has been violated. One of the most significant cases, regarding the issue of violating the Constitution of the United States of America, is the case Schenck vs. United States. The case was heard on the third March, 1919. This essay is devoted to the analysis of the case. The essay will be divided into several parts. The first part will be devoted to the issue of the case. In this part, I will outline the main peculiarities of the Continue reading...

Article Research

Introduction
In the late 1820’s, the Northern Carolina became more industrialized as the Southern remained non-developed. The Congress had passed a high protective tariff in 1828 that made the southern states more furious because they thought the tariff only benefited the northern states. The southern claimed that high tariff on imports were imposed to them leading to increased costs of importing products. Bradley Hays saw the Southern states sympathy to South Carolina’s position on the tariff rejected as the cause of federalism (Hays 221). Eventually, the doctrine of nullification was introduced that provided an insight to the Continue reading...

The State of Texas has had several constitutions through its history, all of them were product of specific historical contexts. It has kept, however, many of the original provisions proposed in the first draft, even some that would conflict with our national Constitution. It is considered to be a long and poorly organized document, where responsibilities are not clearly defined and that is difficult to interpret . It is also very restrictive and has many unenforceable provisions known as deadwood, that have been tried to be modified in several occasions .
The Texas Constitution includes features that are very similar of Continue reading...

In recent years, the issue of US health care became a topic of immense debate and criticism due to the proposals of the government to provide full health care benefits to the uninsured and its possible impacts to those with regular health care. Proponents believe that it is the federal government’s duty to provide all of its citizens quality health care especially if they are unable to pay the premiums. Universal health care would also incite an upkeep of development with citizens now able to stay healthy. However, opponents stress that the government should concentrate on other pressing Continue reading...

The State of Texas has had several constitutions through its history. It has kept, however, many of its original provisions, even some that would conflict with our national Constitution. It is considered to be a long and poorly organized document, where responsibilities are not clearly defined and that is difficult to interpret. It is also very restrictive and has many unenforceable provisions known as deadwood.
The Texas Constitution includes features that are very similar of those found in the national Constitution. The powers are separated in executive, legislative and judiciary branches, and there are provisions that limit the government Continue reading...

Ivana Susic

Before Federation (prior to 1901), Australia was not a nation; each of the British colonies was its own self-ruling state. Each had separate laws and regulations and functioned effectively as a separate country. Those colonies were: New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania and Western Australia, the last one to join (Singleton et al. 2013, pp.55-56). According to “Federation 1890-1910” published by the government of Western Australia (n.d.), that state had delayed its decision because it had seen such rapid changes in the previous decade, including the discovery of gold and a population increase from 50,000 to Continue reading...

Steve Dedmon, a member of the State of Florida wants to use the Quran instead of the Bible as stipulated in the US constitution as the text with which he will affirm his Oath of Office to House of Representatives. House Rule 1.01 states that the only text recognized for swearing in a new member is the Bible. Should a person use a text other than the Bible, he would be barred from performing any function of the House.
Relying on the case of Powell et al v. McCormack, the members would be stopped from excluding Dedmon from sitting Continue reading...

Steve Dedmon, a newly elected representative member from the State of Florida declined to use the bible in affirming his allegiance to perform his duty as a congressman. This has sparked several debates across the country given that House Rule 1.01 provides that the only text that can be used to take an oath is the Bible.
The House of Representatives, in such circumstances, chooses not to recognize such a member in their capacity. In addition, such a member is barred from performing house duties. In fact, Congress has the power to expel a member of the House. However, Continue reading...

Please pick one change you would like to make to the constitution, draft an amendment and explain why your amendment will be beneficial
The clause that excludes all people who do not have a United States born parent or who do not have the so-named natural born Americans bothers me a great deal. This status is one of the requirements that an individual has to meet before running for the presidency in the country. The eligibility requirements are set for two offices, the president and vice president’s office. However, the constitution does not classify the natural born citizen Continue reading...

The case of Marbury v. Madison

The American legal system is Anglo Saxon and significantly different from the continental legal system, with much broader powers of the Supreme Court, which does not recognize the justice of other countries.
The American judicial system is known for being based on the case law, and because of the time the Supreme Court had more weight, while at the end of the judicial power did not become competent to say what law is. The entire American public sovereignty is divided into three mutually independent, equitable, and consistent powers. Framers of the Constitution are, insisted on the independence of the Continue reading...

The Roman Empire is one of the most noteworthy segments of the history of the West. It is known for its influence not only among the western countries, but also the rest of the world. Perhaps, the most striking aspect of the Roman Empire is its transition from a Republic to Emperorship, although most historians argue that it was still an empire during the era of the Republic. Following the collapse of the Republic, the Principate emerged (Blois & Spek, 2008). Various factors contributed to this transition, most importantly the crises and civil wars in the Late Republic which eventually Continue reading...

1. Federal vs. State Level
The clearest difference between the United States (US) federal constitution and the Arizona state constitution is their jurisdictional operation. The federal constitution operates throughout the US, while the Arizona state constitution operates only within Arizona. Provisions under the federal constitution operate at the national level; no state constitution within the US may impede or contradict any of the provisions therein. On the other hand, the Arizona state constitution addresses matters specific to Arizona, although the provisions therein are in compliance with the federal constitution. One could not claim that the Arizona state constitution, as Continue reading...

The American revolutionary war officially came to an end in 1783 after Paris Treaty, and there was a growing discontentment and frustration with the articles of confederation. There was a growing desire for reforms to replace the confederation, which was expressed by General George Washington in writing after the end of the revolutionary war. Even after the war, there was an observation of growing disillusionment, characterized by an intense political environment in the 1780’s. During the period under the rule of the articles of confederation, the founders of the nation were undermined in their creation (Behn, 2014). The Continue reading...

The constitution is an important element in any given country because it gives law and order to the people and the systems of a country. Given that state governments have to be guarded by the constitution, Texas enacted a constitution to govern the state and was ratified in 1876. There are four main features of the Texas constitution that make it unique among other states. Firstly, the document emphasizes on the importance of legitimacy through enacting laws and regulations for the people to follow and honor in their day to day lives (Dunmuir 98). Secondly, it organizes the state Continue reading...

The history of the formation and development of the American federalism is interesting because, in spite of all its specific features, it largely reflects the general trends that are inherent in any federal state. Such, for example, as a struggle between the center and the subjects of the federation for the rights and powers, as the trend towards centralization of power, and so on. In other words, it indicates the urgency of the problem of the relationship between the central government and form part of any complex public education.
In 1775 the thirteen American colonies of England raised a Continue reading...

U. S. Supreme Court case
The United States Supreme Court was established according to Article III of the Constitution of the United States in 1789. It is the highest federal court in the United States and has the final, decisive decision along with its appellate jurisdiction over all state and federal courts. The Supreme Court of the United States is invoked to observe the U. S. Constitution and the Amendments to it.
A flamboyant example and a landmark about the role of the U. S. Supreme Court (Supreme Court) is Miranda v. Arizona (384 U. S. 436 (1966) case. Continue reading...

Introduction

The provision of the right of the citizens to participate equally to the processes of the government is what we know as democracy. Giving the recognition to public participation is one way of showing to the people that their voice matters and that the government values their insights. However, there are countries in the world that do not believe in democracy and so they have been governing their respective territories with other political ideology. Some would subscribe to the implementation of federalism, communism, socialism, capitalism and such. Though they have been subscribing to such ideologies with enough reasons behind, Continue reading...

It was just before 1500 that the Europeans discovered the New World or the American continent conquering and dwelling in new lands. It is these settlements that led to the transformation of the physical and cultural landscape of America (Vile 78). The main entrants into America were the Spanish, Portuguese, French, English and Danish. These European powers divided America amongst themselves, displacing the native red Indians as they settled in various areas. The colonization led rise to new civilizations, cultures and later on states that translated to the merging of the European traditions and Native American institutions and people. Continue reading...

When studying the ways humanity has tried to organize itself politically, one must start by reading what the ancient Greeks wrote. They gave a good account on how life ought to be conducted in their city-states. Aristotle´s ideas gave foot to many of today´s modern theories, such as the constitution, the separation of powers and democracy. But he, like many of his contemporaries, seemed to be more interested in the quality of the rulers than in the quality of the rules. This paper will describe what should be the best configuration of the state according to Aristotle Continue reading...

In 1777, in the midst of the War of Independence, the Second Continental Congress adopted the Articles of Confederation, a document of a constitutional nature, which defined the United States as a confederation and fixed the powers of the central bodies. However, the document made a central government very weak, as well as giving a veto to each state. George Washington figuratively called the Articles of Confederation as 'ropes of sand'. Therefore, quickly began to emerge proposals to amend the Articles.
The process of the ratification of the Constitution of the United States began September 17, 1787 In his Continue reading...

Many pundits and historians perceive the years to 1781- as the most vital period in the American’s history. The period saw the formation of American states after successful rebellion against the British colonial rule. These free colonies for effective governance had to form frameworks that would see to it stability and development prevailed. The Articles of Confederation was the ultimate basis for the creation of proper governance systems. This primary constitution had been ratified by all free states in 1781 even before the ceasing of the Revolutionary war (Smith &Ronald 671). These laws however deemed short in meeting Continue reading...

The Americans are deeply divided, within themselves and among themselves on the democracy subject. Democracy is sometimes taken to be the highest value in America (Miller, 1991), but at other times, democracy is construed to be a nightmare in the nation. Pure and untainted democracy is said to lead to persecution of minority communities by the majority. Essentially, democracy is responsible for holding of prayers in schools, banning and labeling of records and books, emergence of restrictions on drugs, abortion, sex, and alcohol. Additionally, democracy has been responsible for fueling of racial segregation and unwarranted discrimination. On the other Continue reading...

The period between 1777 through to 1791 proved significant to the US history owing to the various constitutional changes that shaped the constitution to be what it is today. The meetings and discussions of the Continental Congress realized the need to created written rules. The result was the Articles of Confederation that was drafted and passed by the Continental Congress on 11th November, 1777. The Article of Confederation created the functions of the national government (US Department of State - Office of the Historian). However, the article created a weak central government that prevented most individual states from exercising Continue reading...

Constitutions are documents that serve to establish the legal and institutional framework of any political system . The government bodies and their powers and scope are established in the constitutional text. The constitution of the United States has some basic principles such as the separation of powers proposed by Montesquieu, provisions that put some limits that provide protection to citizens against arbitrary government actions, and guarantees political freedom and equality under the law . These characteristics are shared by most constitutions, at least formally, but they can differ greatly in their implementation. This paper will contrast the Federal constitution and the Continue reading...

Institutions

In this paper, two central ethos for the public administrator will be looked. They are; the constitutional ethic presented by Kennedy, et.al. that makes the case that a public administrator should be guided by the Constitution in any managerial discretion decisions s/he makes. The second one is the argument Fredrickson makes the case that social equity should be the ethic that guides decisions in cases of administration discretion. This paper will compare and contrasts the two ethos.
The first etho ensures that the administrator works and makes their decisions basing on some action, but they should follow the guidelines Continue reading...

The Denmark government is a constitutional monarchy and parliament democracy. The constitution monarchy is a government whereby the sovereign power given to the people was outlined in the governing constitution. Parliament democracy describes a situation where the parliament had an pivotal function in the government. Ministers in the cabinet handle the government affairs. A prime minister heads the cabinet was headed by the cabinet and as a whole they are responsible for their decisions and actions to Denmark`s parliament. The members of the committee have a formal title which is the minister, and they head different portfolio in Continue reading...