Essays on Philosophical

Introduction

The purpose of this paper is to expand the readers’ awareness about the philosophical and ethical principles that may be associated with abortion. With that, the topic that will be discussed in this paper is abortion. Abortion can be defined as the process of ending a pregnancy. It is important to note, however, that an abortion can happen intentionally or unintentionally. Unintentional abortion typically occurs naturally. Examples would be when there are birth defects that have been found during pregnancy; this is otherwise known as spontaneous abortion or simply a miscarriage. Intentional abortion, on the other hand, is done ...

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Legal Positivism Under the direction of legal positivism understood in law, which advocates limited jurisprudence the task of studying the law in force with the formal dogmatic positions. The emergence of legal positivism refers to the first third of the XIX century and it was associated with the processes of approval of industrial capitalism in Western Europe. A crucial role is played by the processes of formation in the most developed countries of the national market, demanded the elimination of the vestiges of medieval particularism, expanding the scope of legal regulation of public relations and the establishment of a ...

With specific reference to at least three readings given, explain how the early modern period can be understood as an "invention" or "discovery" of the modern age? The early modern period in the world’s history marks significant changes in culture, religion, worldview and people’s perception of themselves in the universe. Symbolically defined as the period between the fall of Constantinople in the late Middle Ages and the onset of the Age of Revolutions in the late eighteenth century, the early modern period is commonly described as the time of invention, the Age of Discovery and the Age ...

In order to ensure peace and prosperity of a country, most governments have employed the use of stringent rules and regulations to govern people. However, some people stray away from the common perception of government and embrace anarchy. Anarchy is basically opposite of what the government stands for, anarchism is a political ideology (Carter, 1971) that holds the state undesirable and harmful while advocating for stateless institutions. The view of anarchists stray away from the commons masses and more often they tend to go extreme and cause social disturbance and unrest (Gage, 2009)as was the case of the ...

Several centuries ago, St. Anselm wrote a prayer titled Proslogion. One of the key and thought-provoking aspects of this prayer is St. Anselm’s attempt to prove that God exists. Indeed, the prayer is comparable to Descartes’ argument because it results from an understanding of God’s perfection. Descartes maintained that God must certainly exist due to the fact that he could clearly perceive God and His perfection is such that Descartes could not have devised it on his own. St. Anselm’s argument is similar to that of Descartes because it has the properties of a priori argument. ...

Introduction

The nature of "The Cherry Orchard", in terms of the genre has always been controversial. Often the play is defined as a "tragicomedy", or an "an ironic tragicomedy." However, it is vital to understand what genre the play is as it defines the code of reading the play and the characters. What does it mean to see elements of tragedy in the play? This would mean to a certain extent agree with the characters’ originality, their sincere and true suffering. However, it is impossible to see any strong trait in characters that are "weak-willed", "aching", "whining", and have "lost ...

It is agreeable that no one is born with philosophical beliefs. But with time, people develop certain beliefs becoming so embedded into them to the point that they stop to be conscious. Automatically, these beliefs develop into habits of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Our identities develop from what we believe in since persons are not born with their identities (Eccles 83). In other words, it is also safe to say that an attempt to change our beliefs threatens our identities. This is the reason as to why changing our beliefs remains very challenging to most of us. For an ...

The political elements of Star Trek show that the series had more insight than what is apparent. The show started in the 1960s when the Cold War was at its height. Many authorities argue that Star Trek is an exploration based on self-interest, colonialism, collectivism and control . However, George Gonzalez takes a different approach in The Politics of Star Trek where he undertakes a critical review of the story within the context of the actual implications of the actions of the characters. This paper will review the first two chapters of the book in order to present the critical ...

The Theme of Dystopian Society in the works of Orwell, Huxley, and Bradbury

Introduction All the three books, 1984 that was published in 1948 and written by George Orwell, Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World that was written in 1931, and Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451 are the examples of dystopian literature. Dystopian literature is the kind of fiction that offers a negative perspective on the society of the future and the problems which are likely to be faced by humankind as a result of their political, environmental and economic activities. While utopian fiction portrays the future being advanced and prosperous as a result of the improvement of technology that assists them ...

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Proposal Peculiar historical, cultural and philosophical foundations of East Asian states have facilitated relative homogeneity in local artistic endeavors, though certain peculiar details of art in such countries as China, Korea and Japan might alter greatly. Also, in light of historical trends and events, China became an Sesshū Tōyō a source inspiration for many Japanese artists, as it is shown by the body of research. However, it is still interesting to take a closer look at influences Chinese culture and representational conventions produce on Japanese art in relation to a certain period of time and certain variety of ...

Introduction

Plato is one of the most influential philosophers in western philosophy. His main contribution in philosophical thought is the theory of ideas, also dubbed by many critiques as “Plato’s Idealism” (Nellickappilly 1). Upon careful analysis of Plato’s idealism, it is inferred that while it has many flaws, it still contributed significantly to the development of human knowledge and philosophical thought.

Strengths and Weaknesses

When it comes to flaws or weaknesses, diverse critiques point out that Plato’s idealism is not logical and is hard to understand. In order to understand these criticisms it is first essential to understand what this ...

Description of the researcher

A researcher is someone who conducts an investigation of a certain phenomenon of interest. I am a bachelor student studying human resource management (HRM). My college gives every student an opportunity to become a researcher as one of the primary requirements for the award of Bachelor's degree. I have little knowledge about research because I have not yet gotten a chance to conduct an academic research but I believe I possess necessary qualities of a good researcher. Conducting a successful research requires a lot of expertise gained through continuous studies and practical applications of research. A good researcher must ...

Introduction

The economic and social wellbeing of the society depends substantially on an effective and efficient performance of organisations. Management and leadership activity in the United Kingdom organisations becomes necessary, and the weakness and opportunities that exist should get addressed to realize a further advantage based on enhanced performance (Goetsch & Davis, 2014). Thus, excellent and adequate management and leadership skills are essential tools to achieve the best in organisations. The current ideas of the nature of leadership and management have evolved significantly over several decades to encompass new ideas including emotional intelligence, especially in organisation and planning (Giacalone & Rosenfield 2013). ...

Philosophy

Golding, W. (1954). Lord of the Flies. New York, NY: Penguin. (Pp. 1-297)

Summary

William Golding wrote the Lord of the Flies in 1957 about the English boys who were stranded in an island after their plane has crashed over the pacific. Ralph is the eldest among the surviving group of young boys who also assumed leadership in the group. On the other hand, Ralph’s leadership was found to be unpopular among the choir group particularly for its charismatic leader Jack Merridew. Ralph and his group maintain a laid-back perspective over their situation by having fun and at the ...

Plato held the belief, illustrated by his use of the analogy of the Cave, that we live in a world of illusions, with the true forms of the everyday objects which surround us being shrouded behind said illusions. According to his own philosophy, every object or concept (such as beauty or goodness) has a truth behind it; one which is perfect in every way. Furthering this idea, Plato believed that behind the world of illusions we live in which clouds our ability to see the true world, is a world which is populated by all those perfect forms of ...

Does the Theory of the Tripartite Soul Give Us Good Reason to be Just?

Introduction The well-known philosopher of Ancient Greece, Plato, presented the theory of the tripartite soul. However, the ideas, which consider the components of the soul to depend on the social system or have an impact on the human behavior, can as well belong to another genius of the same time, Socrates. Plato and Socrates, as two of the most prominent minds of the ancient times, questioned the features of the human personality under the terms of the natural instincts and the characteristics, which all people get with birth. In fact, all the thoughts of these two masters stand on ...

Abstract

A nurse is likely to face different worldviews constantly in their line of work. Such worldviews are often shaped by different religious and cultural beliefs. The question of euthanasia for patients with terminal illnesses lends itself to different worldviews and interpretations. George’s condition of ALS has forced him to consider euthanasia. From, a Christian standpoint, this choice is wrong because only God the Creator has the authority over life and death. Also, Buddhism does not favor euthanasia. The question of the causes of sickness also lends itself to religious interpretation. Christian interpretations are varied. One view is that ...

The philosophical basis for the humanistic approach was phenomenology. According to this philosophical perspective, subjective perceptions, feelings, cognitions, experience are more important than objective facts. For example, two people can see the same movie but every person will have a unique subjective perception of this movie. Therefore, humanistic psychologists also believed that every person`s experience is unique and that an individual`s psychology cannot be studied by objective, scientific method such as tests. Also, because of phenomenological ideas humanists believe that one of the main tasks of a therapy is to explore the subjective experiences of a client ( ...

Marcellus in Act I states that “Something is rotten in the state of Denmark” and this sets the tone of the play as well as the struggles of Hamlet. Hamlet is wrecked by feelings of uncertainty over his father’s death and his mother’s incestous marraige to his uncle Claudius. Although Hamlet wants to avenge his father’s death and restore honor to the royal house, he struggles with his innate goodness and morality. He knows he has nothing to go on except the ghost’s words and looks for proof that his father was indeed murdered. Hamlet ...

Introduction

The primary purpose of philosophy is to clarify and refine the human thought processes so that the state of affairs and hence the reality of the world are clear. As such, philosophical problems are a failure to come up with the explanations of things that happen in the environment and by extension in the world. Philosophy is critical in refining the human's basic concepts that are applied to understand the reality. Just like in other sciences that are driven by the experimentations in the search for the truth, philosophy is informed by the questions that cannot be easily answered ...

The human comprehension of reality and the world in general is truly complicated topic which is extremely individual and objective. Apart from the wholesome systems of different philosophical streams and religions, every person constructs one's own apprehension of reality and the purpose of one's lives, which are based on the whole complex of different aspects and issues, such as the human's background, one's ethnicity and culture, social status, personal traits and features of character, one's inner capacities and talents, personal life experience, etc. Apart from that, every person tends to think and rethink, makes great plans for the future, ...

In his professional autobiography, Boring discusses the journey in the field of psychology from early years and draws conclusions from personal experience and formal schooling. Boring lists his encounters with professionals in the area of engineering, psychology, and administration in different universities and times, and also elucidated his personal conflicts from the self, family, and professional life. The most striking aspect of the work are the psychological perspectives such as motivation and ego, determinism and free will, and the relationship between philosophy and psychology and how he championed for the separation of the two disciplines at Harvard. Boring noted ...

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Introduction

Therapies are usually designed to address the problems of weight loss that should lessen the risks for chronic diseases like diabetes and hypertension. In addition to this, many researchers happen to approve of the positive feelings and the improvement of wellbeing that physical therapies are able to provide (Bryan & Tiggemann, 2001, p.147). Significant weight loss is said to accompany both positive and negative emotions, and it is in this regard that psychological balance should be maintained to ensure success of the therapy. The aim ...

Abstract

The purpose of writing this research paper is to evaluate the legislative standing of abortion. Throughout history abortion has been a controversial issue, and still is. The US Courts have given their rulings on many cases involving abortions that have transformed over the time. Abortion is a controversial issue and has given rise to many questions in the context of political science and law. Several abortion related matters have been discussed in this work such as the brief historical account of abortion rulings in the court of the US, and the impact it had on the cases; how successfully ...

Analysis of the Showtime Series Shameless

Analysis of the Showtime Series Shameless Over the decades, there have been a lot of television shows that attempted to reveal the inner workings of American working-class families. Shows like All in the Family, Good Times, Roseanne, Malcolm in the Middle and many others have portrayed ordinary people (and mostly ordinary families) and their struggles just to get by. Virtually all of them have done this using comedic elements. A few years ago, a new series appeared on Showtime called Shameless. At first glance, Shameless appears to have a good deal in common with all of these other sitcoms ...

Since the beginning of time people used to have various views and standards for the way that everything around them should be. Throughout the history there existed many examples of the expression of ideas contradictory to the norm and all terrible consequences of such actions. Thomas Kuhn in his book, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, made an attempt to describe the possible apprehension to change. It was mainly focused on the scientific world and the historic nature of the educational research. Any research was considered to be grounded upon one or more scientific achievements that had to be certainly ...

In this case, there are serious ethical issues pertaining to the withdrawal of life support. The first ethical issue pertaining to this case is based on the fact that medical practitioners have a calling to sustain the health and life of patients, but this case calls for a decision that goes against these duties. The second ethical issue is that the decision to refuse medical intervention (in this case life support) and effectively end an individual’s life should rest with the individual and not anybody else. In this case, the patient has delegated the right to make this ...

Introduction

I have often thought critical thinking is simply my opinion, or generating ideas and opinion through mental exercise, i.e. I can do critical thinking without external help or interaction. Yet, it is so different, because as I searched the literature and in studying in this course, I found that critical thinking involves the individual’s ability to use the mind actively to sense the surrounding environment and realize opportunities and potential hazards by generating innovative ideas (Ruggiero, 2009 as cited in Bruning, 2016). Critical thinking needs knowledge, and knowledge is learned and experienced. Precisely, critical thinking is borne out ...

What Service Did Vietnam Render during the Conflict?

Not by accident, Ho (1948) begins his speech with the famous statements contained in the Declaration of Independence. He also mentions the values of equality and self-determination upheld by the Allies. He longs for these principles that have become universal everywhere but on the territory of the occupied Vietnam. It means that the Vietnamese have been suffering from the absence of equality and self-determination as well as other basic rights guaranteed by the Declaration of Independence under the lengthy occupation of both the French and the Japanese. Therefore, in essence, the ‘service’ provided by the Vietnamese for the free ...

This is a dialogue between two lecturers. Each of them teaches philosophy but in different schools. They have met at a local restaurant for lunch after having not seen each other for a long time. The two are philosophical fanatics having their own firm beliefs in varying matters. At meetings like this, they do not fail to disagree on a thing or two. On several occasions, the two professors invite each other to their classes to help give students opposing views. The restaurant is moderately occupied and the atmosphere is humid and warm. The two gentlemen have just completed ...

No two black leaders stand out during the civil rights movement of the 1960s as much as Malcolm X and Martin Luther King, Jr. Whereas the two men were polar opposites in achieving their respective ends – equality for African Americans – they both died much too young as the result of an assassin’s bullet. Malcolm X, best known for his separatist ideology, wanted “black power”, and Martin Luther King, Jr.’s integrationist ideology preached peace, and the brotherhood of all men, regardless of color – conflicting philosophies that yielded both desirable and undesirable results. Certainly, these two civil rights leaders’ ...

One of the most famous geniuses in the field of mathematics and philosophy in the history of mankind is a German named Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Leibniz is a German mathematician and philosopher who lived during the 17th century (Simmons 32). He revolutionized the historical development of the field of philosophy and mathematics through his major contributions. He is widely known as the developer of the integral and differential calculus and he developed it independently with Isaac Newton. He is also known for some of the mathematical equations such as the Leibniz notation, Transcendental Law of Homogeneity and Law of ...

Citizens, by definition, are the participatory members of a particular nation who enjoy some rights by adhering to set standards and laws of the government. They must be 'willfully' concerned to defend the State and make it better in all possible ways. Taking a cue from that, the idea of global citizenship must entail roles and responsibilities for global issues as terrorism, global warming, trafficking, civil war, genocide, and the like. As far as the definition of global citizenship is concerned, it must include the rights and responsibilities of people towards the environment, society, and the world as a ...

Jewish identity studies often present complicated findings because Judaism is interconnected with overlapping aspects of culture, religion, ethnicity, education, and connections to Israel. Therefore, there is a need to study Jewish identity as a multi-layered occurrence in the context of the dominant cultures in which they thrive. Anti- Semitism, Zionism, Shoah, and Israel are key aspects expressing the contemporary Jewish identity and practices such as choice and freedom, peoplehood, and religion have been interlinked with personal and group identification of Jews. Ideally, several typologies, comparative studies, theoretical, philosophical and creative writings offer varied concepts and ideas about the Jewish ...

The Catholic Church has in recent years played an ever more important social role in people’ lives and it has throughout the twentieth century it has entered some very interesting conversations which have a very direct impact on the way people live their lives. One of the most controversial decisions taken by taken was passed on by the Papal Encyclical Humanae Vitae which clarified the Church’s position on contraception and what those implications were on the church’s competence or role in interpreting Natural Law. Natural Law is something of a slippery subject and one that many different ...

Western culture and Chinese cultures today have various similarities and differences. They developed almost independently of each other due to geographical circumstances and other geopolitical factors. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and review the similarities and differences between Western culture and Chinese culture.

Background of Comparisons

Western culture is fundamentally Eurocentric culture. It refers to the kind of culture that is prevalent in Europe, Latin America, North America and some Eurocentric societies around the world. However, up till about 500 years ago, European culture was developed and flourished in Western Europe. Chinese culture on the other hand seem to ...

Ways of Seeing and The Matrix

Ways of Seeing by John Berger is one of the most talked about and influential books on art ever published in the world and The Matrix is one of the most famous films in cinema history. It was written based on the famous BBC’s film and was first published after its premiere in 1972 (Richardson 111). His book is not a traditional view of the authors and artworks from a historical perspective, but rather an invitation to go behind the scenes and into the kitchen, where the mystery of creation acts, no matter how trivial it may seem ...

Throughout history, there have been many great thinkers. They have sprawled among many disciplines, from philosophy to physics. Nevertheless, some of these have made important contributions to many fields at the same time. One of these cases is that of Blaise Pascal, who was deeply influential in mathematics, philosophy and theology. In a sense, one could say that these three disciplines were intertwined in his work. By studying the loftier aspects of the human experience, Pascal was able to bring together probability theory and his worries about the existence of God. As such, his notorious wager was a turning ...

There are many aspects in the history of humankind that were considered fair and acceptable during the past. However, it was actually morally questionable when it is applied in a modern context. The realm of life insurance is one of those cases. In the past, practices regarding life insurance can be considered unethical; it can be considered a relief that the practice has grown to change for the better over time to the point that it complies more or less with the standards nowadays. An in-depth analysis about the topic was made by Zelizer in her journal article entitled ...

Ethics is the philosophical study of morality. If a person begins with a description and proceeds directly to a normative (moral) judgment, what fallacy has one committed? Use your critical thinking skills to determine how a person would create a valid argument about morality (hint: it has to do with premises)—that is, an argument that does not commit this type of fallacy. Explain the notion of just deserts. Under what kinds of conditions is this notion reasonable? Under what kinds of conditions is it not? That is, explain and discuss the applicability of the notion of just deserts.

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Compare and Contrast

Philosophy

Introduction The context of determinism, compatibilism, and libertarianism can be attributed to the two notions of freedom the metaphysical and circumstantial. The latter encompasses an idea that everyone has freedom to act without being interfered by any obstacle while the former demonstrates the freedom of oneself to choose among alternatives. This notion of freedom will be articulated in this discussion by comparing and contrasting the philosophical context of determinism, compatibilism, and libertarianism. Furthermore, the discussion will also differentiate the three positions in terms of strengths and weaknesses. Based on the interpretation of the three positions, a personal take ...

Qualitative research is relatively new to nursing research. Despite its being usually underused and undervalued, qualitative research is increasingly contributing to nursing knowledge (Hall, 2006). The purpose of this paper is to compare qualitative and quantitative research in order to examine their differences. The comparison will be done by examining an article using the qualitative method and two articles using the quantitative method. All articles are on the same topic, cystic fibrosis. All articles were published in well-known and reputable journals. The qualitative article is by Carpenter and Narsavage (2004) and the quantitative ones are by De Bias, et ...

Introductory Remarks (problem statement, research questions presentation, thesis)

Non-consequentialism, relativism, and absolutism as philosophies and ethical theories will be central to the research into the nature of media portrayal of different minorities in various states and the way the theories and philosophies shape people’s perception of such representation. Portrayal is often the problem due to it being incomplete, biased, or distorted for a variety of reasons, whether political or otherwise. Besides evidence and opposed attitudes, the project will offer practical recommendations as to how to improve the coverage of different minorities. Thesis statement: non-consequentialism, relativism, and absolutism influence how people perceive the problem of the inadequate ...

Philosophy of the Enlightenment. The Ideas of Francis Bacon and their comparison to those of René Descartes. Francis Bacon is considered to be the major prophet of the Scientific Revolution. At the age of twelve Bacon went to study at He went to Trinity College, Cambridge at the age of twelve, got a lawyer education later on. He proceeded to a political career hoping to advance his ideas. He was a member of the House of Commons and knighted during the reign of King James I, although during that of Queen Elizabeth he was neglected by her. Bacon was ...

Literature has always worked as the quintessential reflection of life and existence in the mortal world. The authors find their liberty as they engage in the portrayal of the fictional character as expressions of their creative zeal. Fiction goes on to get meshed with the elements of reality, thereby portraying the true picture of life in the literary works by the stalwart authors. A close introspection of one such work, The Moviegoer, by the acclaimed writer, Walker Percy would let one develop a perfect understanding of how literature can explore the true meaning of life in this temporal world ...

A. Bibliographical research about Robert Frost

1. Childhood and youth of Robert Frost 2. Life twists in later years

B. Career challenges and achievements

1. First steps in literary world 2. Poetry keyline and poetic achievements C. Writing style and attitudes of Robert Frost 1. Style and peculiar features 2. Major themes D. Poem presentation III. Conclusion Being a renowned American poet, Robert Lee Frost is an eminent figure in the literary world and a distinguished artist with a profound oeuvre of remarkable masterpieces, remembered, nurtured and admired to this date. His life and artistic legacy raise a particular interest and urge to investigate his life story and fundamental factors ...

Abortion as an Ethical Issue

Abortion is a controversial moral issue that has raised condemnation from all paradigms of the society. This issue falls under the class of applied ethics, and its manifestation is a subject of discussion. While some feel that abortion is right, and well framed in the general human realms, a larger population believes that its application contravenes the general principles of law, and does not merit the religious moral standards. Therefore, I have intentionally settled on abortion as a critical issue of sexuality since it has sparked controversy and aggravation among the members of the society. Besides, being a sensitive ...

Introduction

Kneller (1958) defines existentialism as the philosophy that gives emphasis to the existence of an individual with choice and freedom whereby human beings decide on their paths and meaning of their lives as rational human beings with the capability of following unique directions in life. In essence, it is free will and each person has the responsibility of ethically making judgments and taking courses of action for which they are individually responsible. Chapter five gives an explanation of the philosophical view of existentialism and its relation to education.

Chapter Analysis

Existentialism primarily talks about the freedom to choose. According to this ...

It is a well-known fact that the linguistic heritage of J. Swift is characterized by vivid satirical orientation. In literary and aesthetic categorization, satire is considered to be an integral part of the more general comic category which is understood as a special form of relations to the reality. In this case, satire is not only a kind of comic, but also the specific means of artistic reproduction of reality revealing it as something distorted, incoherent, internally untenable through the comic, ridiculed, accusatory images. Satire creates an image of high conditionality, and is achieved by means of exaggeration, sharpening, ...

The topic of Piety has been best discussed and covered by Plato in the dialogue between Socrates and Euthyphro. The two speakers engage in a verbal discussion on the applicability as well as the meaning of the word Piety. This essay will start out with a brief overview of the dialogue and will proceed to critically examine the concepts discussed between Euthyphro and Socrates. Lastly, the essay would also briefly discuss Plato’s view from my own viewpoint, while also examining my own notions of Piety.

Overview

The story starts out as a dialogue between Plato and Euthyphro. While Plato ...

Question 4: Explaining the East Asian Conception of Human Nature

Introduction The problem of Human Nature has always been a point of hot discussions among the Western and Eastern philosophers. Although there are some theoretical discrepancies among members of the different philosophical schools, the majority of them concur that the idea of human nature encompasses the fusion of certain distinguishing characteristics, which a human possesses irrespective of his/her cultural background. Despite the fact that the nature of these characteristics, approaches to measuring them and understanding the components of this metaphysical phenomenon are not clearly defined in any philosophical school yet, there is a strong opinion in the both Eastern ...

Introduction

The notion of "nothing" is one of the most important and controversial concepts in the history of humankind. Its etymology is quite interesting for the consideration, as it can discover many different mysteries associated with the most important knowledge. In addition, the perception of this idea may be absolutely controversial, if one talks about it in the framework of religion and philosophy of the Western and the Eastern worlds. Nothing is everything, and at the same time, it is a lack of everything. This notion has a negative connotation; it denies everything to what it is opposed; moreover, it ...

Aesthetics refers to the philosophical comprehension of taste and beauty, especially in relation to the perception and interpretation of appearance. In most instances, people look critically at the appearance of others to judge them, and it affects more than the persons in question. Since time immemorial, women have always put their best feet forward to look beautiful and achieve somehow a “perfect look”. All the same, the concept of beauty has always been misconstrued and many times people tend to look at the outward appearance of clothing, and physical appearance to rate the beauty of a person rather than ...

In What Ways Were the Romans Heirs to the Greek Civilization?

Introduction There is a consensus among scholars that the major influences of the Roman culture were the Greeks. Among the major proponents for this theory are authors, Roy Matthews, Dewitt Platt and Thomas Noble; and the renowned historian, Eugen Weber. In their book, ‘The Western Humanities, Volume 1: Beginnings through the Renaissance,’ Matthews, Platt and Noble developed the idea that Western culture, which developed from the Romans, was actually a product of the Hellenistic culture that dominated the Mediterranean region in the past (Matthews, Platt, & Noble, 2010). Similarly, in his video instructional series, ‘The Western Tradition,’ Eugen Weber presented ...

INTRODUCTION

Human civilization has come a long way since it first began establishing communities and attempted to establish law and order. The reality is that there have always been criminals; people who for one reason or another break the laws established and require consequences for their actions. One of the most controversial discussions throughout history is what are the best means to admonish the offenders, protect law-abiding citizens and send a message of deterrence to other would-be offenders. That being said many different approaches to addressing offenders who commit crimes have existed throughout the ancient world to present day. One ...

While analyzing the ‘state of the art’ of quality improvement in healthcare, it is identified that healthcare is yet to achieve a lot in terms of quality improvement. In spite of revolutionary technological advancements in the field of healthcare, care quality and patient safety is yet to be improved in various regards. For instance, medical errors still remain to be a major issue affecting patient safety despite explosive technological advancements occurred in the field of healthcare over the last decades. While going through ‘Hospital Compare’, an official government website maintained to compare the service quality of different hospitals in ...

In ancient societies, people believed that the hierarchy of human society was based on the divine right of certain people to lead and the divine permission to keep others as lower class members of society. This shamed the parameters of social order until the Age of Enlightenment and Reformation in the 16th and 17th Centuries. The American and French Revolutions laid the foundation for the creation of a system of civil liberties and human rights which required some basic rights to be accorded to all human beings without exception. Human rights is defined as “a set of freedoms guaranteed ...

Free Will and Determinism: A Response to the Problem from the Perspective of Three Philosophical Positions

The concept of free will has been essential in religion and philosophy, but this concept has been opposed to a new one, namely determinism, which is the result of years of scientific progress and the discovery of natural laws. Free will represents the capacity to act independently, or to take decisions based on personal wish, regardless of the pressures one is subject to. On the other hand, determinism is based on the idea that all actions performed by human beings are determined by natural laws and different causal factors, and in fact there is no free will. This idea ...

INTRODUCTION

Nowadays, Chinese culture is presented by thousands of art and religious masterpieces, which reflects the country's deep historical roots and wisdom of many generations. However, modern China took a rapid pace in economic development and social advancement, it is necessary to evaluate the country's historical, religious and cultural heritage in order to understand a unique life approach of China. A plentiful of artistic accomplishments gives a vision of diverse and exotic Chinese culture, including the areas of architecture, poetry, philosophy, painting and, of course, porcelain production. During its huge historical path China was influenced by religious confessions, foreign intervention, ...

Abstract

The application of the rule of law as well as driving the use of the law towards the creation of a law abiding society is the limelight towards the creation of a society which does not condone crime and its sycophants. Enforcing law is one of the most effective mechanisms of controlling crime in any area. The use of the police as a law enforcement mechanism encourages peaceful coexistence within the society. The control of crime is usually a major step in discouraging crimes in communities. In the places where there are high cases of criminal cases reported, the ...