Essays on Heat

ASSIGNMENT 2: ASTRONOMICAL IMAGES

For each Micro Observatory Robotic Telescope Network observation:

position: RA= 13h 24.9m Dec= -7 degrees 28 minutes located in constellation: Libra Distance= 600 million km (33 light minutes) at closest to the Earth Field of view: Normal Exposure time: 15.00 sec. Filter: Grey (ND4)

Hour Angle: -1h 40.4m

Comment on quality of observation: Micro Observatory is run by the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Question: Why are some of the targets listed as “not up tonight”? Micro Observatory Robotic Telescope Network observation: Target name: Jupiter Type of object: Planet position: RA= 13h 27.3m Dec= -7 degrees 39 minutes located in constellation: Libra Distance= ...

The article by Tatiana Schlossberg presents a simple and clear explanation of the close future of air conditioning systems and their influence on global warming (“How Bad Is Your Air-Conditioner for the Planet?”, 2016) Year by year the Earth becomes a hotter place to live and so far almost 90% of American homes have air conditioners. On the one hand, it allows to develop South and Southwest of the country, yet on the other, it leads to the construction of less energy-efficient buildings. In addition, air conditioners emit HFC gas, or hydrofluorocarbons, which traps the heat in the atmosphere ...

HadCM3 stands for Hadley Center Coupling model version three. This global climate model (GCM) was developed by the Met Office Hadley Center for Climate Science and Services in 2000, and was used as one of the major GCM ever since, starting from the Third Assessment Report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in 2001. The model includes two elements – HadAm3 (for atmospheric modeling) and HadOM3 (for oceanic modeling), therefore forming a coupling assessment model. The GCM was a further development of the previous model HadCM2, also developed at Hadley (Bloom, 184).

Model description

The model includes 2 elements for the ...

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“Soffit’ (origin: suffixus) is derived from Latin language and literally means ‘to fix underneath’. However, in architectural field, the term is usually referred to “the material that bridges the space between the siding on a house and the roofline” (Ambrose, Harris, & Stone 235). While soffits are primarily used around the main roof of a building, they can also be used under any structure with a noticeable ceiling including stairs flight, porches, columns, etc. They can be manufactured using a number of materials such as wood, vinyl, steel, fiber cement, and aluminum. It needs to be mentioned ...

Sustainable Built Environment

Introduction It seems that building development would present an impressive opportunity to reduce energy demand and also reduce carbon emissions effectively with combining current knowledge and expertise (Diakaki, & Kolokotsa, 2009). The highest cost-effectively feasible mitigation prospective is recommended to be found within the residential as well as the commercial sector. This is suggested to be producing a reduction of 29% in respect to the probable emission baseline for the year 2020. Life Cycle Assessment is also known as (LCA) is a technique for evaluating environmental pack of processes as well as products in their life cycle. It attempts to ...

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Neutron Stars: The ‘Death’ of a Death Star

Introduction: Neutron stars are dense, compact masses of subatomic particles (called ‘fermions’) compressed by great gravitational forces (Reisenegger 1). They are classified into three groups: the radio pulsars, which are rotating neutron stars that are predictable pulsators of radio waves due to its fast (Landau n. p.; Reisenegger 2) although sometimes slow (Fuller, et al. 1) rotation; magnetars, which neutron stars with the strongest magnetic fields in the universe and violently burst high-energy X-ray and gamma rays (Landau n. p.); nonrotating binary neutron stars, which are emitters of x-rays (Reisenegger 3); and PSR ...

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INTRODUCTION

The following discussion is a literature review on five sources each for sustainability monitoring systems and effective indicators.

Sources for Characteristics of Good Monitoring Systems

“Monitoring Systems for Sustainability. What are they measuring?” This is a doctoral thesis from an Australian university that examines the sustainability reporting and monitoring systems by governments, private corporations and global non-governmental organizations. Australian frameworks are compared to those of international models. Sustainability indicators in the Australian context are discussed extensively. Two case studies from the private sector are presented. (Davidson, 2008) Using the case study of the Australian Gas Light Company, shortcomings in current sustainability reporting practices ...

For efficiency purposes, including the availability of information, the Late Prehistoric Period [AD 1000-1600] will be the focus of this paper. With a particular interest in the Fort Ancient culture, the technological and socio-economic norms that the people observed will come into play in determining the typical winter survival tactics. From possible storage of food crops to the disbandment of villages into “winter camps,” the cold season called for the Fort Ancient peoples’ innovativeness if they were to survive (Late Prehistoric Period, 2013). Case in point the archaeological discoveries that found evidence that suggests hunting, gathering, and farming as ...

1. Drivers of high costs of General Motors production According to the estimations of the market specialists, the usage of raw materials for the production of cars is the major problem of automobile industry resulting in the increase of the expenses and costs. In this regard, it is clear that some companies succeed to find cheaper raw materials with the purpose to save expenses spent for the production of the vehicles. However, in the majority cases this approach fails because of the problems with the quality of the production of the goods with the usage of new raw materials. ...

Risks to the Mine

The major hazards to the mines include the possibility of floods taking place in the sites, and they will lead to a stop of the mining process. Secondly, the mines are prone to gas explosions. The explosions will increase the hole, and might even lead to the prevention of further mining (Khan, et al. 2004). Thirdly, the mines might face chemical leakage, an act that may cause decomposition of rocks and depletion of the important resources in mines. Moreover, mines are prone to dust, that will lead to blocking of the extraction process, by occupying the region, or causing ...

Abstract

The study of tiny particles and their applications have emerged as an important area of research in recent years. In particular, magnetic nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention due to their unique properties that make the particles useful in numerous applications. Accordingly, the present review investigates the synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles. The introduction section examines recent advances in nanotechnology and explains the significance of magnetic nanoparticles in scientific research. The section on results and discussion presents the findings of various researchers with a focus on the magnetic properties, synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles. ...

(Tutor’s Name) (Assignment)

Summary Report 1

What factors contributed to the problem? Volcanic activity is a major contributing factor to the issue of climate change. The eruption of volcanoes leads to the release of large quantities of water vapor, ash, dust, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere. In the atmosphere, these sulfur dioxide molecules will react with water vapor leading to the formation of sulfuric acid, which is then spread all over the world through winds. The sulfuric acid formed in the atmosphere can significantly affect the amount of solar radiation entering the Earth’s surface and thereby the ...

Introduction

Every parent envisions a future where their children and grandchildren live in a rich and resourceful environment that essentially provides them with everything that they need to survive. However, what if parents were informed of a pending doom where their children will live in an extremely toxic environment where there aren't enough basic resources such as fresh drinking water or where the climate is comprised of harsh conditions that threaten their lives on a daily basis? What if they were informed that by the time their children are adults, a diverse range of the existing species of animals will ...

Introduction

Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) is a group of technologies that received recognition in 21 century. CCS process consists of collection and concentration of CO2 emitted from combustion of fossil fuels with further transportation to special storage locations. The reason for storing carbon dioxide away is related Greenhouse effect and its influence on global warming process. The main goal of carbon capture technologies is to stabilize the levels of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. It is expected that implementation of CCS technologies will make it possible to reduce the total emission of CO2 up to 54% (to 450 ppmv). ( ...

Abstract

Carbon capture is an essential approach for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Different plants utilize various technologies in reducing carbon dioxide emission. Some of the conventional techniques employed include oxy-fuel, pre, and post-combustion carbon capture. These approaches have a high potential for capturing carbon dioxide. However, their massive initial and implementation costs have been a challenge to plants globally. Additionally, most of them are yet to experience large scale applications. Therefore, it is essential for research and development activities to be conducted. This can ensure a reduction in the cost of production. The carbon capture technologies differ in costs. This ...

Introduction

The cost of manufacturing ammonia using the Haber process plant constitutes the following components: the cost of energy, raw materials, equipment, labor and sparking substances (catalysts). Energy (gas or electricity) costs are incurred to maintain the temperature of the reaction. The Harber process is operated at very high temperatures, and pressures thus higher costs of energy are incurred. Some of the raw materials consumed in the Haber process such as nitrogen and hydrogen are recovered at the end of the process. The recovered materials are recycled back to the system to reduce the cost of raw materials. Starting and ...

Three phase induction motors

Introduction The three-phase induction machine is the most widely used among the rotating machines. An induction machine offers an almost constant speed within its normal operating range when operated off a constant-voltage, constant-frequency, and with the electric power source. The cost of purchasing these machines is very low, and they require little maintenance. However, speed control is difficult and very expensive. Therefore, the rotor current of the three phase induction motors is not induced by electrical connections, but rather the rotation of magnetic field.

Squirrel Cage Rotor construction

The rotor type of the motor is made up of a laminated core which is ...

Q1 Based on the best quote, “Take whatever idiot they have at the top of whatever agency and give me a better idiot Give me a caring idiot, give me a sensitive idiot, just don’t give me the same idiot” by the president of the Jefferson Parish, Aaron Broussard and the words from James Lee Wit that states “we promised to make an agency that could deliver on the political promises” (Cooper & Block, 2006). This suggests that FEMA was expected to provide the best services that were related to homeland security, for instance dealing with disaster, Hurricane Katrina ...

Introduction

Coal is a very cheap and abundant provision of energ. In fact, it is the most abundant fuel in the United States; U.S. has the highest coal reserve in the world, with up to 25% of the known world coal present in America and being mined in 26 out of the U.S. 50 states (fe.doe.gov, 2013). However, this abundant energy is seldom used because it is a very dirty energy. According to Hong & Slatick (1994), up to 204.3 pounds of carbon dioxide per million Btu is emitted when coal having 78% carbon content is completely burned to attain a ...

Effect heat has on nociceptors

Nociceptors are pain receptors activated by neuropathic or nociceptive stimuli released during pain towards impending or actual tissue injury (Dubin, 2010). Nociceptors frequently are related to the perception of pain are evoked when the pressure and temperature are at a level considered extreme that can cause injuries to tissues and secondly by toxic molecule and inflammatory mediators. In most instances, these injuries concentrate on one section of the skin, blocking the flow of blood. Heat or cold assists in subsecond somatopic withdrawal response the two act as stimuli to depolarize outer terminals resulting in the production of the receptor ...

Psychology

Stress is an inevitable part of everybody’s life. There is no such person that has never experienced stress. In this essay, we are going to talk about types of stress and try to explain why it emerges. In addition, we are going to discuss the ways of coping with it.

Definition of stress

We often meet with this concept in our lives. We often say to ourselves, our life is a series of certain stress. It is important to understand that everything that is new can cause stress in our lives. So what is stress itself? Stress is a feeling of ...

Abstract

The document considers the use and conservation of energy in domestic dwellings using heating systems, specifically water heated boilers, which is the cheapest solution in the market for home heating systems in Ireland and Europe. The document starts with a literature review of the available home heating systems and focuses on boilers due to its availability and price. The literature review includes a standard boiler array for a typical house, the radiators materials, and key concepts to understand the use of boilers for heat generation in homes. Later, it is necessary the calculation of heat transference for a given ...

Introduction:

Nanobiotechnology serves as an imperative technique in the development of clean, nontoxic, and eco-friendly procedures for the synthesis and congregation of metal NPs having the intrinsic ability to reduce metals by specific metabolic pathways. Silver nanoparticles are particularly interesting nanoscale systems due to the ease with which they can be synthesised and modified chemically. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles has been widely researched due to their interesting size and shape-dependent properties [26]. These novel properties can be tailored by controlling their size, shape, composition, structure and crystallinity. Due to their size features and advantages over available anti-microbial properties, chemical imaging ...

I hereby certify that this material, which I now submit for assessment as a continuous assessment project in Heat and Mass Transfer on the course 4th year in BEng (Hons) Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, is entirely my own work and has not been submitted in whole or in part for assessment for any academic purpose other than in fulfilment for that stated above.

Abstract

Energy is a depleting resource, making it crucial for people to be knowledgeable in implementing conservation measures at the domestic dwelling level. Scientific advances had made effective energy conservation technology increasingly more accessible due to innovative ...

Part 1

Question 1 Tectonic plate motion refers to the movement of continental and oceanic plates from one place to another due to the effect of forces that generally act on these plates. These movements cause some effects to the surrounding environment and even to the earth surface in general. A scientist by the name of Wegner had earlier on formulated a theory that instituted some of the facts and evidence backing this presence of continental drift that had happened some time back in history (Runcorn, 2013). Furthermore, the critical evidence in support of continental drift is the jigsaw fitness of ...

Within a refrigeration system, the inside of the refrigerator is known as the cold-air reservoir, while the area surrounding the outside of the refrigerator is the hot-air reservoir. A refrigerator works by sucking the heat out of the cold-air reservoir and dumping it in the hot reservoir. The work to do this process is supplied by an electricity-powered compressor that is connected to a wall outlet. The efficiency of a refrigeration system can be estimated with a ratio known as the coefficient of performance, or COP. The COP is given by the benefit divided by the cost, or

Where ...

Abstract:

The principal intention of this study was to come up with the most conducive internal environment in a building. At any given moment, the internal temperature of a building is a function of the amount of heat produced by sources therein and the net heat transfer into or out of the building. The four heat transfer modes are convection, radiation, conduction, and phase- change. In executing this project, the researchers sought the relevant literature to establish the thermal properties of various materials. The properties are critical in determining the amount of heat inflow and exit from the building. The ...

Natural disasters are common throughout the world, and they occur when they are least expected and in places that no one can think about. In most cases, natural disaster lead to loss of properties and damage to the environment, and most importantly, leads to health hazards. In this discussion, the natural disaster of focus will be heat wave which was experienced in Europe in 2003 (Poumadere, Mays, Le Mer & Blong, 2005). In 2003, European nations were affected by heat wave whose primary cause was anticyclone over Western Europe that forfeited precipitation leading to extreme temperatures for about three months, ...

Industry Environment

According to the U.S. Dairy Export Council (2015), there were 9.3 million cows which produced 93.4 million tons of milk in the United States in 2014. The country has about 50,000 farms under dairy farms which are majorly family-owned (U.S. Dairy Export Council, 2015). Dairy farming is practiced in all the 50 states as well as in Puerto Rico, and it is the leading agricultural business in Arizona, California, Michigan, Idaho, New York, New Hamshire, New Mexico, Utah, Vermont, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. 74 percent of dairy farms in the country have less than 100 cows, and the average ...

Sustainable energy building: It incorporates several natural factors for sustainability. The presented design will allow the building to harvest wind energy through an opening at the top and integrated wind turbines. The wind funnels will be used to produce energy from predominant air currents. The design of the building presents sustainability gains at its core (Kibert 25). Energy generation techniques: The design capitalizes on Indonesia’s extensive familiarity with geothermal energy, leverage the neighboring campus as a reserve for generating and conserving energy, and shaping the building itself to focus ambient wind into the wind turbines integrated into the ...

Analysis of Tesla Motors

Analysis of Tesla Motors

Introduction

Organizations must use any strategy that will enable the organization to stay competitive and to also learn about any processes within the organization that could be changed in order to increase proficiency and efficiency. One such process is a critical analysis of the microeconomic and macroeconomic environment as well as any challenges that the organization may be encountering. This essay will perform an analysis of Tesla Motors to include the history of the organization, organizational regulations, factor markets, global pressures and foreign competition, cost structure, economies of scales; a critical analysis, practices of economic theory ...

Global Warming Phenomenon

The issue of global warming has been a critical problem across the entire world due to the effects associated with this condition. Global warming is caused by the increase in Earth's temperatures due to the effect of greenhouse gases. The greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide emitted from burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas to provide energy are responsible for trapping heat and preventing it from escaping from the Earth’s atmosphere. Human activities like cutting down trees and burning forests for farming activities has been attributed to the emission of greenhouse gases that are ...

Rapid prototyping is the most convenient way to get a replica of a three-dimensional design CAD-generated 3D application way.

These physical models can be only aesthetic and useful for the study of the potential market of the product, or they may meet some or most of the mechanical requirements which would have the final piece, offering, in this case, the possibility to perform functional tests and approval before there even preliminary molds. That man made his hands the means that would shape the objects that determine their evolution, devised object, the object designed: tools, utensils, art, and beauty, among others. Use of science was done to create the elements that should give matter and harmony with their creations. ...

Introduction

Evidenced Based Practice (EBP) is a critical appraisal spearheaded to deal with the rising cases of diseases and the unsustainable economic burden that is bestowed upon the victims based on the external evidence (Evidenced-based healthcare and public health, 2009). The sole purpose of evidence-based program is to enable the health practitioners to reach an optimal healthcare wellness with the cost-effective quality. The research presented by Hood (2014) as discussed in this study avails various practices in the paragraphs. Evidence based practice is the essential tool required by clinicians in the provision of excellent health services to the patients. The ...

In order to reduce the United States’ dependence on fossil-fuel energy resources, alternate sources of renewable must be investigated in order to reduce the country’s emission of greenhouse gas emissions which contribute to global warming. At the recent COP21 Climate Summit in Paris, the United States committed to a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 26-28 percent below its 2005 level. This includes reductions in methane, carbon dioxide, perfluorocarbons, sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide, all of which contribute to global warming . In order to achieve these targets, the United States will need to employ alternative sources ...

Climate Change

The world is now facing a problem about climate change, which is a main environmental issue that creates many other problems. These problems are affecting the urban areas. This essay will list three of these problems like the rise of sea level, the rise of temperature, and abnormal weather that are caused by change in climate in urban places. This essay will also evaluate the mitigation efficiencies as well as the adaptation when it comes to resolving this problem. Mitigation means different actions that reduces the effects of greenhouse gases. On the other hand, adaptation means reduction of the ...

Introduction

Global warming is defined as “the rise in the average temperature of the Earth’s climate system and its effects” (Gills, 2015). There are various strands of scientific evidence that reveals that the climate system of the earth is indeed warming. Today, the scientific comprehension of global warming is expanding. A substantial amount of research has been done on the matter. However, there is still a debate going on about global warming. One side emphasizes the cause of global warming as human or anthropogenic activities, and that there is a need to mitigate the effects of global warming – that ...

Lab report

Abstract The objective of this experiment was to determine the influence of phase transformation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of plain carbon steel type AISI C1045. The testing of metals is necessary to learn what metal is suitable for construction of a specific item by testing how microstructures react during phase transformations. The metal used during the experiments was samples of AISI C1045 Steel also called carbon steel alloy. The samples each underwent tests for Heat Energy (ft-lb) and Hardness (HRC) at five temperatures; 70°F (assumed to be room temperature, 400°F, 700°F, 1000°F and ...

The considered fire emergency event was in the Rosemont Hotel located in the city of Chicago. The Rosemont Hotel is part of the Hampton Inn & Suites Hotel. The hotel is located 2.5 miles from the O'Hare International Airport 17 miles from the downtown of Chicago. The nearest fire department station is located in the International Airport with a 7 minutes range. The event was last August 04, 2016 and affected one floor of the hotel (Armentrout, 2016).

The Rosemont Hotel fire steps were the following:

Incipient Step: In this phase, there are no flames, there is a little smoke, the temperature is low; a lot of combustion ...

Introduction

Occupational health and safety are associated with the safety, health, and welfare of employees who are engaged in work. It plays an important role in managing the company’s operations. The report addresses workplace hazards and provides information about the accidents and injuries occurred in the engineering industry. One of the main aims of the report is to indicate ways of mitigating the risk of loss. The purpose of this technical report is to demonstrate that the author has engineering knowledge, professional competence, and technical ability to carry out the essential research in detail about the health and safety ...

[City and State]

Introduction

Structures such as large buildings can create its own unique internal environment that can significantly impact the comfort and health of its occupants. After many years of investigating and studying building infrastructures, engineers and designers have increased their understanding and knowledge on the environmental conditions that exists within the building in relation to its physical properties. For the same reason, a solid background in building physics is an integral part of a building’s design, particularly in this modern era wherein green buildings are the rising trend. Most modern buildings integrate building physics prior to construction ...

Introduction

Multiple researches suggest that dinosaurs are among the most successful groups of animals to have ever lived on earth. Their body physique and adaptability enhanced their survival thereby extending their life longevity. In the course of time, these species evolved into diverse shapes and sizes. As a result, the different types of evolved organisms embraced various modes of living. According to Xu (2006), nearly 150 years after the discovery of the first fossils of the dinosaur, this species was believed be a reptile. In fact, when Richard Owen found the first remains of this organism, the paleontologists used the ...

Introduction

I would like to show in this discussion that Maxwell’s Demon does not violate the second law of thermodynamic but violates the first law (Angus, Armstrong, and Reuck).This can be shown by demonstrating that Maxwell’s Demon Process (MDP) can be turned to a step process which is a reversible cycle. According to the Maxwell’s Demon Process, An ideal gas is contained in a very tough or rigid walled container is divided into two halves using a rigid partition with a hole or a trap door on it. The vessel and the trap door should be ...

Drugs can have many differing affects on people, whether their consumption leads to a positive or adverse response. All of this depends on the levels of enzymes in the body and how the variations of expression lead to these possible outcomes. The major theme of the two sources on this topic relate to the specific enzyme, CYP3A. CYP3A is a subfamily of cytochrome P450 enzymes, which serve to catalyze the addition of oxygen into molecules. Their ultimate role serves two spectrums: to convert foreign substances into less toxic products that can be eliminated from the body, or to convert ...

An issue that has been a main concern in politics has been climate change and of course global warming. Everyone wants to know if the activities of humans are changing the climate. They also want to know if it is possible they will encounter more serious disasters. However, it is difficult to provide answers as their concerns are quite challenging to those who are responsible for solving them. But it is important for all those that have concerns to understand that many new things are happening that were not predicted in the early 20th century. This is why I ...

LPIPT in Saraburi, Thailand, currently operates waste-to-energy power plants. Our company has brought a residual waste such as municipal solid waste (MSW), landfills and non-hazardous industrial trash into the sorting process. The main purpose of it is to improve quality, for example the heat, size, and chemical composition to be transformed as refuse derived fuel (RDF) production. Using RDF technology from Europe and China along with the machinery developments of the company ourselves gaves us an opportunity to produce RDF with a capacity of 2,500 tons/day for use as renewable energy for generating electricity of our 2 RDF ...

A proposal in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of

Introduction Wheat (Triticum sp.), an extensively adapted crop, is one of the primitive and primary staple food crops in the world. Wheat is cultivated from temperate; dry to irrigated or rain-fed areas, to warm, humid or cold conditions. Such a high adaptability is attributed to its intricate genome (Acevedo et al., 2002). Wheat cultivation covers more land area compared to other commercial crops and endures to be an essential food grain for humans (Curtis, 2002). Estimations reveal that by 2050, the population of the world will reach 9.1 billion (34 percent greater than today); correspondingly, the food requirement and ...

Everywhere you go, you are likely to meet these very tall houses. Some of these mega structures run into hundreds of floors. It appears like a craze, some competition or sport. Investors with huge loads of cash are today investing in real estate. The idea is to come up with a fancy-looking and incredibly tall house. Unfortunately, the United States of America today houses some of the tallest buildings that the world has witnessed in its long history. Even in the face of the effects that these structures pose, it is surprising that the numbers are swelling. The authorities ...

Introduction

In spite of the contribution of urbanization to the economic growth in Zhejiang, its adverse effects far much outweigh the positives since sustainability of the ecosystem and the society is at stake. Environmental concerns, particularly air pollution, are real threats to the ecosystem since they lead to increased atmospheric temperatures which in turn result in climate changes. Urbanization contributes to pollution through higher energy consumption and motorization that have resulted in higher volumes of greenhouse gasses emitted in the air. The shrinking of natural resources is another consequence of urbanization where there is the rampant destruction of natural habitats, ...

Abstract 3

Carbon Monoxide (CO) Properties and Uses 4

Sources of CO Emission and Toxicokinetics 4

Exposure Limits for CO, Sampling and Analysis 6 Protocols for Industrial CO Sampling and Analysis 6 Carbon Monoxide in Substance Priority List (SPL) 7 CO Contaminated Superfund Site 8 Carbon Monoxide Explosion Case Study with Recommendations 8 References 10 Abstract Carbon Monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless gas, which results from incomplete combustion of carbon containing fuels, and has several applications such as effective reducing agent and manufacture of various hydrocarbons. CO is a major indoor air pollutant, and is released when combustion is carried out in confined spaces such as mines ...

Philosophy of the Enlightenment. The Ideas of Francis Bacon and their comparison to those of René Descartes. Francis Bacon is considered to be the major prophet of the Scientific Revolution. At the age of twelve Bacon went to study at He went to Trinity College, Cambridge at the age of twelve, got a lawyer education later on. He proceeded to a political career hoping to advance his ideas. He was a member of the House of Commons and knighted during the reign of King James I, although during that of Queen Elizabeth he was neglected by her. Bacon was ...

The crash of Air France 447 is considered the biggest disaster ever to hit Air France and Airbus since the beginning of their venture into this industry. All of the 228 passengers and crew of the flight were killed in this accident (Palmer, 2013). Due to the delay in the recovery of the black box from the ocean bed, the investigations and final report, published by BEA, took nearly three years for completion (Jonathan, 2011). The final investigation revealed that the accident occurred due to the inconsistent data indicated by the FMC (Flight Management Computer System) regarding the fluid ...

If a fuel mixture can be represented by the general formula CxH2x, prove that the stoichiometric gravimetric air/fuel ratio is 14.8:1.

The combustion reaction for a given fuel mixture will look as follows:

CxH2x + 1.5x(O2 + 3.76N2) → xCO2 + xH2O + 1.5x*3.76N2 The molar ratio is 1.5x:1, to find the gravimetric ratio, the masses of the air and fuel should be found. This can be done by multiplying molar ratio with molar weights of the fuel and air. m(fuel) = 12*x + 2x*1 = 14x m(air) = 1.5x(16*2 + 3.76*14*2) = 1.5x*137.28 = 205.92x The gravimetric stoichiometric air/fuel ratio then is 205.92x:14x = 14.71:1 The dry exhaust gas analysis from an ...

Over a period of 400 million years, animals in the vertebrate category have evolved to a diverse array of life adaptations on earth. Vertebrates represent animals that are most familiar with people and are used for food, adopted as pets and deployed for labor. They include fish, reptiles, birds, amphibians and mammals. The classification system that groups vertebrates according to each of the classes that have been mentioned above utilizes genetics, anatomy, and the evolutionary relationships. Animals are classified starting with the kingdom which is a large body that encompasses animals that have similar characteristics and end up with ...

Increasing temperatures, rising sea levels, erratic rainfall, deadly tsunamis, flooding, wildfires, heat waves, shrinking glaciers, and droughts are some visible highlights of a much debated global problem, i.e., the global warming. The problem is so severe that scientists, environmentalists, geographers, government officials, and various national and international tribunals huddle together time-to-time to embark on a sustainable solution to this issue. Nonetheless, the predicament persists putting everything (human beings, animals, birds, societies, environmental resources) in the soup. This paper discusses the impacts of global warming and the efficacy of solutions that are being implemented at national and global levels. Taking ...

Civilization combined with the industrial revolution has altered the cycle of life dramatically. Land, air and water are all elements that have experienced significant change to wildlife, atmospheric and human conditions. As urban cities expand throughout the globe, man becomes more dependent on corporations, construction, development and manufactured goods in the ultimate form consumption. In order to maintain consumerism, land is being built over using components that smother the Earth. Pouring concrete over a meadow, for example, suffocates both plant and wildlife and welcomes the exhaust of concrete, automobiles, trucks and rubber tires that overall poisons every natural characteristic ...

Santiago, popularly known among the locals as Santiago de los Caballeros is located at the heart of the Cibao Valley, in central Dominican Republic and is considered to be the second largest country of the Republic. Due in large parts to its location on the island, tropical climate prevails in the city for most parts of the year. To put it into context, average temperatures throughout the year hover around the 25 degree Celsius or 77 degree Fahrenheit, with days that offer sunlight without the heat making the weather intolerable . This is why the long, sunny days on the ...

Japanese cuisine is one of the unique and distinct cuisines in the world mainly because of the exclusive preparation styles and food items. Japanese food developed and evolved from a rich history of economic, social, regional changes along with the changing trends and traditions. Most people believe that Sushi and Sashimi are the primary components of Japanese cuisine and are a necessity for all meals. However, sashimi and sushi are not the only components of Japanese food because Japanese cuisine includes an array of dishes. Rice is the staple food in Japanese culture along with plain noodles, soba noodles, ...

An Assignment Submitted by

Each family has a recipe that is very significant and special for it. For our family this recipe is Peking Duck Tacos. This is a recipe of Chinese cuisine that is very significant for our family. We got used to preparing it for the biggest celebrations and all our friends know about it. This is a ‘statement’ dish of our family. It was prepared by the members of our family long before I was born. This dish is very unusual for the American cuisine because it is far more complicated than the most dishes of it, and also it ...

Global warming is one of deleterious consequences of climatic change. Increased level of carbon dioxide emission and other pollutants such as chlorofluorocarbons contribute to unprecedented increase in the atmospheric temperature which dictates human survival in this planet. A continuation of this trend will eventually lead to a wipe out of the living creatures on the earth’s surface through resulting effects such as heat wave related deaths as well as flooding. Global warming has contributed to several cases of heat wave related deaths around the world. It has also denied wild animals their natural habitats through forest fires which ...