Essays on Ventilation

[Subject/Course] [Submission Date]

“Soffit’ (origin: suffixus) is derived from Latin language and literally means ‘to fix underneath’. However, in architectural field, the term is usually referred to “the material that bridges the space between the siding on a house and the roofline” (Ambrose, Harris, & Stone 235). While soffits are primarily used around the main roof of a building, they can also be used under any structure with a noticeable ceiling including stairs flight, porches, columns, etc. They can be manufactured using a number of materials such as wood, vinyl, steel, fiber cement, and aluminum. It needs to be mentioned ...

Abstract:

The purpose of writing this report is to determine the nature, occurrence, and pathophysiology of sleep-wake disorders after sustaining Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and their impact on recovery and relation with other effects of TBI, along with analyzing treatment options. It also presents in the meaning of sleep-wake disturbance or disorder, a method of assessing, sample characteristics features like time and severity of TBI after the injury occurred and control of significant impacts like pain, anxiety, depression or medications. Because sleep wake disorders found in human beings who get affected by mental illness. This will lead to many problems ...

Globalization

Carrier is a major organization and a subsidiary of the United Technologies that has operations in 6 continents and in 170 countries where it seeks to provide consistent, noiseless, and energy-efficient products to its huge consumer base. The expansive presence in the global market is an opportunity for the company to introduce products into the market, enforce partnership, and foster innovation. However, Carrier faces stiff competition from cheap products from China especially in developing areas. To reduce operational costs, the company has instituted several strategies such as developing operational and manufacturing plants outside the United States. Like many other ...

Define Activities:

The primary activity is to develop the longest road tunnel in Australia. The tunnel will be 9km long, and reach from the northern exchange, near North Wahroonga, to the southern exchange, near Northmead. This will include the creation of not only the tunnel itself, but also tunnels for onramps and off ramps, as well as additional earthwork, the widening of brides, creation of drainage infrastructure, new pavement and the replacement of signage to indicate the tunnel, once open. The purpose of this construction is to create an alternate route for trucking traffic, to remove roughly 5,000 trucks from ...

Introduction

Food that is subscribed to by a populace is determined by the existing culture (Aglaia and Anissa 9).The Middle East region is one of the parts of the world that is stuck in culture and food. This paper seeks to give a design of a restaurant in the following facets: Goals, facts, concepts, and needs.

Goals

The design for the restaurant and the simple programming aims to achieve the following objectives: ▪To provide proper ventilation in all the rooms of the designed restaurant that allows for freshness. ▪To create a design that allows easy movement of the employees particularly ...

The Nightingale’s Environmental Theory conceptualizes how nurses can manipulate the patient’s environment to initiate fast recovery. The nursing conceptual model can be employed to improve nursing practice in the following three ways. First, the patient’s rooms can be cleaned thoroughly often to eliminate soil particles, dust, and other dirt debris. Nightingale noted that preserving cleanliness is an essential part of nursing (Nightingale, 87). Thorough cleaning and opening room windows improve ventilation to make patient's breathing easier. In case the room is dirty the patient might develop breathing problems and worsen their conditions. Ideally, without cleanliness, ventilation ...

The needs for a copy machine

Considering that this is an expansion of the business, copy machines are a huge investment for the company. The first thing would be to identify what the company needs from the copier. The roles for the machines will be to scan, fax, sort, and network and print various documents in the business. This is a huge company with multiple operations and thus a high volume printing and copying machine will be needed as it will be serving multiple departments. The machine will also need to have various features for hole-punching, sorting, large-format printing, stapling and double-sided printing so as ...

Abstract:

The principal intention of this study was to come up with the most conducive internal environment in a building. At any given moment, the internal temperature of a building is a function of the amount of heat produced by sources therein and the net heat transfer into or out of the building. The four heat transfer modes are convection, radiation, conduction, and phase- change. In executing this project, the researchers sought the relevant literature to establish the thermal properties of various materials. The properties are critical in determining the amount of heat inflow and exit from the building. The ...

1. Biot’s respiration named after Camille Biot is an abnormal ataxic breathing pattern, where rapid series of shallow respiration are followed by a period of apnea. In order to known how AMP kinase, knock down leads to Biot respiration in mice; it is necessary to known how AMP kinase affects respiratory rate. AMP kinase is a metabolic sensor and is activated in response to stretching of the lung alveolar cells and other stressors. During respiration, the lung goes through cycles of expansion and contraction (Budinger et al., 2008). When the alveolar cells stretch during expansion, the 5′ AMP-activated ...

[City and State]

Introduction

Structures such as large buildings can create its own unique internal environment that can significantly impact the comfort and health of its occupants. After many years of investigating and studying building infrastructures, engineers and designers have increased their understanding and knowledge on the environmental conditions that exists within the building in relation to its physical properties. For the same reason, a solid background in building physics is an integral part of a building’s design, particularly in this modern era wherein green buildings are the rising trend. Most modern buildings integrate building physics prior to construction ...

Abstract

Medical personnel working in the emergency department encounter many cases of patients suffering from life threatening conditions. It is important, therefore, that the healthcare provider determines the exact extent of the injuries before the patient is committed to specialized treatment. In this case, a patient presents to the emergency department with a life threatening condition, renal failure. Assessing the vital signs of the patient is critical in ensuring survival, in addition to reducing or mitigating the extent of the injuries. The assessment was achieved via a primary survey of the patient, which involved assessing the airway patency, breathing and ...

The activity of AMPK supports the normal function of the endothelial barrier (Xing, Wang, Coughlan, Viollet, Moriasi, & Zou, 2013), while on the other hand, the exposure of LPS ensures that there is inhibition of AMPK, thus accentuating lung injury and endothelial barrier dysfunction (Kratzer et al., 2012). It is a fact that LPS increases the permeability of the endothelium, which occurs once there is a decrease in the AMPK activity. This is consistent with the fact that the activation of AMPK activator, AICAR, emphasizes LP, once it is applied in vitro to test the hyper endothelial permeability. Experiments done ...

Performance reports/dashboards are essential key metric tools in the health care system since they assist managers especially nurses to have access to up-to-date holistic data concerning the wellbeing of the patients, the state of the facility financially, work operations/schedules and the quality of care rendered to patients. Additionally, it saves time that a health practitioner would use to go through a pile of files manually and compile a comprehensive report for further analysis. A dashboard in my place work (St. James Hospital) where I work as nurse manager would be critical in improving health care services to our clients ...

A matter of ongoing ethical concern for nurses, doctors and other medical professionals is the need for clear guidelines when it comes to the decision to suggest that a patient or family consider filling out a DNR (Do Not Resuscitate) order. These kinds of advanced healthcare directives are becoming ever more common as our population ages. While it has been widely accepted that medical professionals should respect legally implemented end-of-life treatment preferences for those patients whose lives are drawing to a close for those who suffer a sudden and nonrecoverable illness, the technical and practical aspects of how these ...

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia

VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA Ventilator associated pneumonia can be described as infection of the Lungs developing in a patient who has been kept on ventilator. Ventilators are used to help patients in proper breathing by administering oxygen with the help of a tube which is placed in the mouth nose or through a hole made in front of neck of the patient. Infection may develop due to entry of the germs through the tube and as a result, the germs may gain entry into the lungs of the patient leading to an infection. In order to bring down the rate ...

Introduction

This paper aims at evaluating concepts of alteration in homeostatic state, secondary to temporal variables. It analyses the case study of Brad, a 45-year old coal cutter who has held the job for 25 years. Brad is experiencing a chronic cough due to prolonged exposure to coal. Importantly, he has not been attending yearly checkups because he fears that his lung is “black.” The disease leads to fibrosis, reduced diffusing ability, and dilation of the small airways. In the final stage, the airways, alveoli, and pulmonary capillaries become damaged.

How the disease described in the case study creates incongruous between ventilation and perfusion

Chronic lung disease may induce mismatch in ventilation and perfusion ...

Ventilator-associated pneumonia

Abstract The intensive care unit in most hospitals plays the role of providing care to patients dealing with life-threatening conditions. The technological and other set ups in these hospital units are vital in ensuring that these patients continue to receive the best regarding care while with the intentions of having them emerge with desirable outcomes. There are however challenges relating to the care that these patients receive since, in most cases, they are usually under mechanical ventilation. A patient under this condition faces the risk of developing ventilator-associated pneumonia if the ventilators are not handled with the required care. ...

VASCONCELOS LIBRARY BY ALBERTO KALACH

Vasconcelos Library The architect of Vasconcelos Library is Alberto Kalach, who was born in Mexico and established the firm "Taller de Arquitectura X" 1. Kalach is considered one of the most versatile among the architects in Mexico and has worked on a wide range of projects that cover residential areas, civic structures, and contemporary buildings. Jose Vasconcelos Library is considered an award-winning project by him and is the largest public library in Latin America. Around the middle of the 1960’, the architectural profession saw two visions, one was the vision of the modernity, and the other was to achieve ...

Describe the underlying pathology of COPD and the common pathological characteristics of the condition. Discuss the impact these pathological changes have on normal function, including how alveolar ventilation might be different in Mr Wenham compared to a normal individual. The hallmark pathological attributes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are one, poorly reversible airflow obstruction and two, a progressive atypical inflammatory response within the lungs. The abnormal inflammatory response denotes the responses of the innate and adaptive immune systems to long-standing exposure to noxious gases and particles especially cigarette smoke. Notably, all cigarette smokers have some degree of inflammation ...

Implementation of the VAP project is a significant step aimed at ensuring that the objectives of giving patients outmost care, improvement of nursing practices and achieving desirable patient’s outcomes on the mechanically ventilated patients in the critical care unit are realized. Nevertheless, there is the need for making sure that all the relevant implementation stages have been followed and adequately taken into consideration. This will ensure any possible hitches that may affect project execution along the way are equally addressed. Additionally, it will be imperative that well-informed decisions are made with the intentions of ensuring that all the ...

It is evident, and all would agree, that the house should be strong, durable, built quickly and at a relatively inexpensive cost. In most cases, disputes begin on the choice of building materials. Which would be stronger, thermal insulated, warmer – wood, brick, concrete, or polymer-based materials? Which of them are considered environmentally friendly and which are not? Until recently, metal, steel in particular was not part of the discussion on the material for the construction of the frame of an individual house. However, the development of energy-efficient technology, the translucent structures based on steel beams are built today even ...

Introduction

The exchange of respiratory gas is limited by the capacity of the respiratory muscles to circulate air in the lung. Ventilation fails when muscles do not have the capacity to cope with the load brought by the mechanics of the pulmonary system. It is crucial to comprehend the mechanics of respiration/breathing not only for purposes of diagnosing how the system has failed and to offer the correct prescription for treatment of the failure, but to be capable of providing the most effectual temporary respiratory support through the use of a mechanical ventilator, as well. The first category explains the ...

In addition to the direct physical manifestation of swarm phenotype –increased length and number of flagella, swarm cells often produce wetting agent, usually a surface of some type, for instance, the surface in Serrtia (serrwettins) and Bacillus (surfcatin) (White, 2006). In both cases loss of surfactant dramatically decreases swearing proficiency in Bacillus as well as strains of E. Coli do not make surfactants, which is probably why they are such picky swimmers. Surfactants act mainly to maintain surface wetness, which in turn allows cells to swim in every shallow layer of fluid on the surface. Research findings indicate that ...

Management

Introduction The concept of fire prevention is attributed to the function of fire personnel in actively responding to incidents of fire outbreaks. In fire prevention, it is the goal of the key personnel to educate the public in taking precautions to prevent hazards that could potentially cause an outbreak. On the organizational level, the Fire Office/Manager assumes this responsibility by ensuring compliance to the fire prevention codes. This includes the responsibility to investigate, monitor, inspect, report, and conduct precautionary measures to address potential hazards if found. The discussion will present the mission statement stipulating the role and responsibilities of ...

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is a sudden death of apparently healthy child aged up to 1 year as a result of cessation of breathing and heart failure, the cause of which cannot be established at the mortem expertise. Sometimes the syndrome is called as “death at the crib” or death for no reason. However, there are causes or risk factors for the development of this poorly studied phenomenon, and the parents, eliminating them from their life, can save the life and health of the child. SIDS is not a disease; it is a posthumous diagnosis that is exhibited ...

Located in the Itabashi-Ku district of Tokyo, Japan, the masterpiece created by Shigaru Ban has a total area of 179 meters2. The house is built on stilts, whereas the main living zone is located on the second and third floors. The site area is only 110 meters2, which is why the architect was forced to devise an ingenious decision of going upwards. Besides the multistory house managed to easily fit into the surroundings. The main aim of this paper is to analyze whether the building corresponds to the New Zealand building code. Considering Clause B1 on structure, the Shigeru ...

The insurance agent was correct that the seafood was contaminated with the fumes that resulted from the fire. Toxic fumes quickly diffuse through the air. The toxic fumes were absorbed by the polyethylene curtain which covered the food despite it being thick (Brook et al. 2660). Therefore, the seafood needed to be thrown away since it had the toxic fumes.

What chemical(s) may be present causing the symptoms in the workers?

The two employees are affected by the phosphine gas which leaked into the room and made them experience the symptoms such as nausea and headache. The scenario shows that they were the only people who were affected by the ...

Mechanical ventilation (MV) causes oxidative stress that is responsible for adverse consequences on organs. In a situation of MV, the excessive pressure impairs the function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain leading to oxidative and nitrosative stress (Kavazis, 2009; Hafner et al., 2014). MV is commonly associated with hyperoxia where an excess of oxygen is provided. In such a case an oxidative stress can be induced when the oxygen pressure in the alveolar exceeds that of the normal breathing conditions because the biological system is not able to readily detoxify the environment from components such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) ( ...

Benefits of Green Schools in Kuwait

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Kuwait is a country located in the Middle East, which is a region characterized by severe water shortages as its located in the middle of a desert. Also, nearly all the electrical energy consumed in Kuwait is generated from fossil fuels such as natural gas and diesel. This situation poses several challenges. For example, the lack of enough clean water for domestic use could lead to serious problems such as waterborne diseases, such as cholera or typhoid. Also, water shortages can affect businesses such as agriculture and hospitality businesses. On the other hand, over reliance on ...

(Student’s Full Name)

According to John Arend, Mike Benkert, Audrey deFilippis and Saretta Tillmaand, when the Commerzbank building opened its doors in 1997, the “53-story” edifice became the one of the “tallest” buildings located in Europe (1). Nevertheless, the edifice’s distinctiveness did not come from its height, but, rather, it came from the way in which it combined “form, inventiveness, and technical expertise” (Arend, Benkert, deFilippis, & Tillmaand 1). The design and construction of the Commerzbank saw the “[b]reaking away from the American model of deep-planned, air-conditioned structures” that have a “central service core” (Arend, Benkert, deFilippis, & ...

Introduction

Violence within prison complexes is common in almost all parts of the world. The violence can originate from staff or inmate. The correctional systems in several countries attempted newer approaches to incarceration in order to avoid violence on prison complexes. There are very few complexes in the world that have reduced rates of violence or can claim to be violence free. Instead of rehabilitation, prisoners face entrapment in a dangerous game. The level of accountability towards prisoners and their safety diminishes in regions such as Asia, Middle East, and South America. The United Nations established a set of international ...

(Student’s Full Name)

Norman Foster, who clearly designed the HSBC Bank in Hong Kong and the Commerzbank in Frankfurt for the financial industry, employed two different approaches when designing each of these buildings. Foster when designing the HSBC Bank ensured that the building was created to facilitate and mirror the ways in which technology is used in today’s world. However, the Commerzbank edifice was designed by Foster to ensure the efficient use of energy while integrating green spaces into the architecture. It can be argued that Foster in designing the HSBC Bank the architect focused on technological ...

Abstract

The use biological weapons of mass destruction (WMD) are one of the most dangerous form of terrorism ever invented. In contrast to ‘conventional’ suicide bombings, killing sprees, or use of chemical agents, the symptoms of attack are not immediately obvious. Therefore, it requires special response approaches, especially, when a potential attack may take place in a venue, where many people will be present. In addition to potential exposure of tens of thousands of attendees at a Democratic-Republican Party Convention in Miami-Dade, among the participants will be the top politicians of the country, whose safety is a matter of national ...

Introduction

The Ancient societies have been associated with certain remarkable discoveries that have had significant positive effects on the contemporary society (Lancaster et al 708). Most of these discoveries have influenced various aspects of development in the current generation. For instance, the discovery of medicine by certain ancient scholars has had positive influence on the manner in which medical services are provided by the current generation. Besides, discoveries made on engineering and architectural activities by ancient communities such as the Roman Empire are still being appreciated by a significant number of conventional development stakeholders. The Ancient Roman, particularly, is credited ...

Eco-Friendly Cooling and Heating Systems for Hotels

One efficient and eco-friendly system for cooling and heating water in a hotel or in any structure would be solar collectors. These solar collectors absorb the rays of the sun and harness their combined energy in order to both heat and cool the water that would be needed by the hotel. At the University of Santa Clara’s student center, this technology is currently in use. The water is heated up to temperatures of 200°F for the needs of the students and faculty. Furthermore, the building’s consumption of natural gas is expected to decline by a whopping ...

Abstract

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is an infection which often develops as a result of poor handling of mechanical ventilation. Such as, poor nursing practice in caring for patients with difficulty in breathing can lead to microorganisms entering patient’s body through a tube inserted especially via mouth and nose of the patient. When these microorganisms get into the respiratory system they cause lung infection which is referred to as ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). In preventing this infection, it is important that nurses adopt best practices to reduce the incidence of VAP and provide quality care that is aimed at improving the ...

Personal Encounter in a Popular Guest Room

During the last December Holiday of 2013, I happen to be in a popular hotel in the United Kingdom. I liked this particular hotel after going through their online profile and the services as per the writings on the walls painted a five star treatment service I was about to enjoy in a few days time. On the material day, the building never disappointed, it was artistically designed and with serene environment. However, this special feeling and impression barely lasted for thirty minutes when I got the first shock of my life in the bathroom with a sparking hot ...

Occupational and Environmental Health in Carbon Nano-Tube Thread Manufacturing

Carbon nanotubes (CNT) have novel physicochemical properties accompanied by new risks and uncertainties (European Agency for Safety and Health at Work [EU-OSHA], 2009). CNT release into environment and worker exposure can occur during any stage of production, usage, transport, waste treatment or storage. Data on occupational exposure to CNT is limited, and measurement techniques are also not fully developed. Engineering controls and personal protective equipment used for aerosol pollution are recommended for CNT also. Though CNTs have a primary graphene structure, their properties are entirely different from carbon particles, for which there are established exposure limits. CNT emissions are ...

Abstract

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) are a type of motors that have permanent magnets mounted on the rotors instead of the rotor windings. This particular design gives the motor a few advantages over ordinary induction synchronous motors. The magnets attached to the rotor do not require excitation, which reduces the power consumption in PMSM. This gives the motor high operational efficiency and reduces the motor active diameter. PMSM are therefore associated with applications that require high torque but have limited operation space. The permanent magnets suffer from flux leakage and are therefore aligned in a pattern that minimizes flux ...

Abstract

Ventilation Associate pneumonia is a nosocomial infection that affects immobile patients, especially those admitted in the Intensive Care Unit. The management of these patients has been challenged and it triggered numerous studies on the most efficient ways of managing such patients. In the ward care of a patient that is ambulant and can describe changes in their condition it is easy not to pay attention to the positions of the patients. However, in the acute wards, the positioning of such patients is significant in prevention of complications. One of the main challenges is pneumonia. The positioning of the head ...

Health abnormlities of several kind require a thorough assessment in terms of management. With the technical advancements, medical field had evolved to simplify the complex assesssment tasks. For instance, medical imaging has come up to make feasible the analyis of body parts through the production of images. There is a need to know much about this particualr area. In such context, the present description deals with a topic Magentic Resonance Angiography (MRA) of the remal artery with a special emphasis on the 3D gradient echo sequencing in MRI. Briefly, magnetic resoannce angiography constitutes a kind of MRI (magnetic resonance ...

Roofing Ventilation

The need for ventilation in roofs and attics became apparent after it was observed that moisture inside attics, caused by the phenomenon of condensation, was deteriorating a large portion of the roofing materials and in extreme cases the insulation of the ceiling. Adding to this grief, wet attics became the breeding place for a variety of fungi and moulds . From then, wet attics had become the nightmare of many house owners. If roofing ventilations were a fancy contraption in the early days, in the modern world they are an integral part of any roofing solution. And gladly, there are ...

Introduction:

Occupational exposure to silica crystals has long been identified and recognized in most of the industries. There are various industries that involved the silica dusts, where some are highly exposed beyond the threshold limits for the substances. The problem with the occupational exposure of workers to silica crystals are often not taken seriously be employer and employee alike. Exposure to silica in the occupational environment results to health effects such as silicosis and other related diseases. People who are working with these crystals are prone to respiratory effects as well. There is a problem in the safety and health ...

Introduction

H2S or hydrogen sulfide is a gas that naturally occurs in hot springs, crude petroleum, and even natural gas. Hydrogen sulfide is also known as sewer gas, swamp gas, manure gas, or stink damp. This gas is usually produced by the breakdown of organic materials commonly found in wastes of human and animals by bacteria. Some of the activities that commonly result to the production of hydrogen sulfide gas include treatment of wastewater, drilling and even refining of petroleum or natural gas, and kraft paper mills (Occupational Safety and Health Administration). Aside from being a gas in form, hydrogen ...

Introduction

Over time, the growth of a city of a locality leads to the increase in the demand for electricity. The growth in population and the commercial activity puts pressure on the national grid. Without commensurate investments in the generation of power, the increase in demand results in shortages. To supplement the shortage of electricity in the region, more power can be brought in from the generation sources. However, this is complicated if the power generation plants are located far away. This is because more high voltage overhead transmission lines would be required. The Ministry for the Environment (2010) finds ...

Question 1

Ernest Rutherford One of the contributions of Ernest Rutherford includes the discovery that the Becquerel rays consisted of two different rays (Sears, 2015). The discovery of the two rays came about after Ernest Rutherford focused his attention on actual radiations that are emitted by radioactive substances. The experiment consisted of evaluations of radiations that were emitted from successively layered sheets of aluminum placed over a uranium compound. A distinction made in the two forms of rays was their penetrating power. According to Sears (2015), to be able to distinguish between the two forms of rays, Rutherford named the easily ...

Introduction

Pulmonary edema (PE) is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the parenchyma and air spaces of the lungs. Most often PE is associated with respiratory failure and impaired gas exchange. Globally, PE is known to be characterized by two major factors, the first is associated with the injury of the lung parenchyma which is termed as non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. The second is associated with the failure of the left ventricle of the heart to release blood from the pulmonary circulation within the system and is termed as cardiogenic pulmonary edema (Glaus, Schellenberg , and Lang. 2010). The major cause ...

Overcrowding or overpopulation in prisons is defined as a situation when prison(s) hosts more prisoners contrary to the certified normal accommodation (CNA) as stipulated in the establishment’s requirements (Garcia & Marco, 2012, p. 37). This can be validated when there is the scarcity of rooms for inmates to sleep. Besides, the inability of facilities to offer adequate meals or food, poor health care services for inmates, insufficient staff who can care for inmates and ensure their safety as well as the lack of designated accommodation facilities necessary for detaining separately various types of prisoners, more so those that ...