Essays on Thoracic

Introduction

The study of human body movement assists in understanding different biomechanical, psychological, and physiological mechanisms of the body. Taking care of a newborn from the time of birth to the age of about twelve months requires the mother or the caregiver to understand some concepts necessary for the survival of the baby. According to Davis, Cladis & Motoyama (2011), the breathing pattern of newborns from up to the age of six months is purely diaphragmatic (abdominal), hence; the need to understand various positions that allow the infant breath effectively. Understanding diaphragmatic breathing patterns acts as one of the major clinical ...

Mechanics function of the spine

The human body is meticulously designed with a complex and specialized skeletal system that helps not only provide support and structure for the body but enhances motion and stability. The spinal cord is the extension of the brain and it forms an essential part of the central nervous system. As people age the mechanics of the body are altered (NiosiOxland 2004). Degenerative processes are inevitable and as such, the facet joints, discs and vertebrae are affected. These degenerative issues of the spine include the degenerative disc disease, which is well known; others include Slipped discs, Spinal stenosis Osteoarthritis and ...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) refers to emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Stoller claims that COPD has been the interest of many researchers recently. The disease caused about 2.5 million deaths in 2000 (Stoller, 2012). Normally, there are two lungs in the chest. Lobes are sections that make up lungs. Ribcage protects the lungs. They remove carbon dioxide from the body and bring oxygen into it. The nose and the cough are the ways in which lungs protect themselves. People breathe in air through the mouse or nose (Thoracic.org, 2015). Then the air moves down the trachea. The epiglottis controls ...

There are both molecular and physiological events that support the statement that the concentration level of FENO is a measure of the degree of asthma in an individual. In the molecular sense, the measure of FENO level in exhaled air is a measure of the intensity of Asthma, and depending on the molecular cut points stated it could be concluded that certain Asthma is reasonable or outrageous. According to Ricciardolo, et al., (2010), there is an evidential fact relating the concentration of FENO to the asthma level in children. Thus, the use of the specific measure of the molecular ...

Ventilator-associated pneumonia

Abstract The intensive care unit in most hospitals plays the role of providing care to patients dealing with life-threatening conditions. The technological and other set ups in these hospital units are vital in ensuring that these patients continue to receive the best regarding care while with the intentions of having them emerge with desirable outcomes. There are however challenges relating to the care that these patients receive since, in most cases, they are usually under mechanical ventilation. A patient under this condition faces the risk of developing ventilator-associated pneumonia if the ventilators are not handled with the required care. ...

Introduction

Heart valve surgery is used for the repairing or replacement of valves of the heart that are diseased. The patients receive general anesthesia in this type of surgery whereby the surgeon makes a large surgical incision in the breastbone. The incision is meant to enable the surgeon to reach the aorta and the heart (Kato Paragraph 2). The relevance of stroke to the procedure of open-chest valve surgery is that it is one of the risks associated with cardiac surgery. Other risks include death, failure of the kidneys, cardiac arrest, irregular beats of the heart, and post-pericardiotomy syndrome (Kato ...

Introduction

The exchange of respiratory gas is limited by the capacity of the respiratory muscles to circulate air in the lung. Ventilation fails when muscles do not have the capacity to cope with the load brought by the mechanics of the pulmonary system. It is crucial to comprehend the mechanics of respiration/breathing not only for purposes of diagnosing how the system has failed and to offer the correct prescription for treatment of the failure, but to be capable of providing the most effectual temporary respiratory support through the use of a mechanical ventilator, as well. The first category explains the ...

The aim of this essay is the presentation of 30 human bones associated with the skull, the vertebral column, the thoracic cage, the pectoral girdle and upper limb, the pelvic girdle and lower limb, and the joints. The review will be conducted in categories and will include a description of the function and their classification. The bones of the skull can be divided into two categories: the cranial bones (the calvarium and the cranial base) and the facial bones. Three bones of the calvarium are the frontal bone, the occipital bone, and the parietal bone. The frontal bone forms ...

The process of inhalation or inspiration can be explained simply by the intake of air. In some cases, this process is further described as the transfer of the oxygen to the bloodstream and then to the blood cells. Further, this is followed by the release of the carbon dioxide from the cells to the bloodstream and pumping it to the lungs, from where the waste carbon dioxide is expelled to the environment. The oxygen enters into the body from the outside environments through inspiration. This process of inspiration includes the contraction of the diaphragm along with the internal and ...

Chapter #16:

Question 1. Insect-eating birds will decrease in number since their source of food has been reduced. The birds may also migrate to warmer areas during this period.

Question 2.

The habitat is the specific place where the organism lives e.g. a fish’s habitat is water. On the other hand, niche is the position and the role played by the organism in an ecosystem. It includes how the organism obtain food and shelter, the mode of survival, and the mode of reproduction (Sutton & Anderson, 2009, p. 46). For instance, a lion’s niche in the ecosystem is that of a predator.Question ...

Mary is a 51-years old female who has been a bookkeeper for the large part of her lifetime. In her childhood days, Mary had a weak chest in her childhood, but these problems have significantly reduced in her adulthood save for occasional colds during the cold season. Mary admits that she thinks that she would experience some wheeziness in case she participated in exercise, but she has had a sedentary lifestyle and thus there was no cause for worry with her asthma (British Thoracic Society, 2015). Mary’s symptoms over the last five years have increased gradually even amidst ...

Introduction:

Occupational exposure to silica crystals has long been identified and recognized in most of the industries. There are various industries that involved the silica dusts, where some are highly exposed beyond the threshold limits for the substances. The problem with the occupational exposure of workers to silica crystals are often not taken seriously be employer and employee alike. Exposure to silica in the occupational environment results to health effects such as silicosis and other related diseases. People who are working with these crystals are prone to respiratory effects as well. There is a problem in the safety and health ...

Abstract

Cancer of the lungs is among the leading causes of cancer in the world. It has two forms; small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NSCLC constitutes about 85% of cases of lung cancer. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its mutations are found to have an important role in this cancer. Therefore, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can work effectively against NSCLC. Gefitinib, which is a first generation TKI, and afatinib, which is a second-generation TKI, are effective as a first-line therapy for advanced NSCLC. Erlotinib is effective as a second-line therapy for advanced NSCLC. ...

Aneurysm

An aneurysm is a medical condition where a weakness in arterial walls causes an undue localized swelling of an artery. Aneurysms may stay asymptomatic or rupture, causing severe troubles and can even be fatal. Even though most aneurysms are not detected and do not cause serious issues, studies reveal that Aortic aneurysms are a reason for over 25000 fatalities in the US each year, as per facts intimated to the Center for Disease Control & Prevention (CDCP). About 30000 brain aneurysms rupture are reported every year, causing death in around 40% of cases, as per the statistics by the National ...

Respiratory Care related topic and the role of AARC

Postoperative pulmonary complications Postoperative pulmonary complications such as pneumonia, atelectasis, and respiratory failure are among the commonly encountered problems in the respiratory care. Upper-abdominal surgical procedures are found to have an association with increased level of complications, followed by thoracic surgery and lower-abdominal surgery. Usually, preoperative and postoperative respiratory therapies are used to prevent or treat the problem of atelectasis – which is the collapse of an expanded lung, and failure of pulmonary alveoli to expand at birth – and to improve the airway clearance. The chances of complications as well as its severity can be decreased by using therapeutic procedures ...

Introduction

Pulmonary edema (PE) is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the parenchyma and air spaces of the lungs. Most often PE is associated with respiratory failure and impaired gas exchange. Globally, PE is known to be characterized by two major factors, the first is associated with the injury of the lung parenchyma which is termed as non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. The second is associated with the failure of the left ventricle of the heart to release blood from the pulmonary circulation within the system and is termed as cardiogenic pulmonary edema (Glaus, Schellenberg , and Lang. 2010). The major cause ...