Essays on Steel

Steel drums or what we called Steel Pan were originally created on the island of Caribbean, Trinidad in year 1930s.However, Steel Pan’s history can be traced back to the confined Africans who were brought to the islands during the 1700s (Steelpan-steeldrums-information.com par. 1). They had taken with them components of their Africa lifestyle such as the enjoying of hand percussion. 2). Hand drums are percussion at Africa called Membranophones. These drums became the main percussion gadgets in the yearly Trinidadian event festivities.
In year 1877, the judgment English Government prohibited the playing of percussion in an effort to ...

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Steel as a building material in many ways replaced the outdated iron.
Until the 70s of the 19th century, the dominant structural material has been cast, but in its stead came shortly steel. By the beginning of the 20th century, production of iron and steel is almost equal. In this part of the cast iron is processed into steel. The value of iron as the final product has fallen sharply and the value have increased significantly.
Since the 70s of the 19th century to the present day steel is a basic ...

Economic Characteristics

Generally, steel market recognizes a relatively static development, being mostly produced in the developed countries, such as United States, Western European countries or Japan (Steel Panel Committee, 1985). However, Miles (2005) observes that the economic characteristics of the steel market are dependent on the general economic environment and in times of crisis the steel market is influenced, recognizing downturn. The demand of steel is, therefore, a reflection of the economic context.
In 2011, the steep production was distributed as follows: 14.5% of the global steel production was employed in mechanical machinery, 12% in automotive industry, 12.5% were directed towards ...

Iron and Steel Overview

The demand for steel highly depends on both global and national economies. Development and enhancement of sophisticated technology has improved both quality of product and productivity of work. Integrated mills require very high capital requirements and all mils are greatly affected by commodity prices. Another major force and focus for steel and iron industry include environmental regulations, which check the environmental impacts coming from mills (L e e, 2011). Advancement in technology have greatly reduced the demand for labor, with some Canadian manufacturers reducing the number of man-hours required to produce a ton of steel by 90% over the ...

Different types of steel materials were used in constructing the One World Trade Center. Structural steel is the major type steel that was utilized in building One World Trade Center given the strong core it required and because of its unique characteristics (E. McQuillan,1)

The main types of steel materials used are:

- Vierendeel trusses which were high strength loading perimeter steel columns fitted together to form a strong, rigid structure.
- Spandrel plates were welded to columns that sprung from the core so as to create modular pieces. The plates would be enforced on every floor so as to transmit stress and enhance stability
- ...

Group

Abstract
Material selection is an important stage in engineering design. Engineers use various materials with different mechanical properties in building of structures. These mechanical properties include; tensile strength, yield strength, proof stress, Young's modulus, shears modulus of rigidity and ductility amongst others. Material selection increases the performance as well as durability of the engineering component. The expected life, cost, nature of loading and working environment are some of the factors that assist engineers to select materials for particular application. Therefore, engineers and designers must be able to determine the properties of these materials before they use them. Engineers use ...

ARCELORMITTAL

Introduction
AecelorMital is a multinational production company that deals in manufacturing of steel. Its headquarters are in France on Avenue de la Liberte, Luxembourg. It is the world’s largest producer of steel and has an annual production of 97.2million tones. ArcelorMital has the highest number of employees in Luxembourg with over six thousand employees.
AecelorMital offers a large variety of services to its customers including production of prototype steel; this means that they can manufacture a steel product as per the client’s specifications. They have good strategies that enable them to have a high service value that ...

Steel is an alloy of another metal, iron. In addition, it contains carbon components. The carbon content of steel metal varies between 0.002% and 2.1% according to their weight. In fact, it is the carbon component in the steel metal that makes it harder than mere pure iron. As such, these carbon atoms make it hard for any dislocations to occur in the iron crystal lattice preventing the lattice from sliding past each other. Notably, steel is the metal that is most widely used for construction purposes, as well as the most recycled metal on earth. It ranges from ...

Introduction

In this paper a case study of US Steel industry has been presented to study the business and management concepts and theories applied in the industry. In this particular case study the problems faced by the industry have been described to make a conclusion of the organizational activities. At the same time the determination of the problems in not enough, the way the problems have been solved can be termed as an integral part of this paper. The activities and measures taken to redeem the problems are very essential to describe as well. Therefore the alternative measures are needed ...

The renowned Steel Bridge is a double deck structure that has a vertical-lift and is also known as through-truss. It goes across the Willamette River in the city of Portland in the United States and was opened in 1912, so it recently celebrated its 100th anniversary. The bridge has the dual function of carrying rail and bicycle traffic on its lower deck whilst the upper deck is dedicated to road traffic. This innovative arrangement makes the bridge extremely innovative and the fact that it has an independent lift continues to emphasise its prominence as the second oldest vertical lift ...

Because of the vibrant construction industry, companies that deal with steel production have healthy financial records. The two companies that I will analyze are; the United States steel company and the second company is steel dynamics Inc. this are among biggest producers of steel and other carbon products in the United States and are considered as high performers by all means. United States Steel Corporation was established in 1901 by four people, and they were Elbert Gary, Carnegie andrew, J.P Morgan and Schwab Charles. The corporation implemented its diversification strategy in other activities and has gone into various industries ...

You have been appointed to the planning commission for your country. Your nation has embarked on an intensive building program for economic development. Steel is very important for the building program’s successful implementation. You begin by analyzing the international market for steel. This will provide you with information about the future cost of the steel needed for construction.Please shift the S & D curves appropriately if necessary and locate the final equilibrium price and quantity. Make sure that you identify if the market for steel is a contracting or expanding market.
1. The international price of energy has recently ...

Construction of a Fire Pit Ring

There has been an increase in the number of people constructing a fire pit ring around their homes or camping sites for leisure purposes. The choice of material used in such projects is dependent on the financial impact it will have on the overall project. Many people, therefore, choose cheaper but most effective materials for construction. The ring makes the pit stable as well as increasing its ability to sustain a fire for log hours before it goes out.
I am interested in this project because of its neat appearance, solid construction and it is very easy to build. ...

When designing various projects for a client, an engineer is concerned with different aspects of the design. For instance, the aesthetic value of the design is very important to the engineer. Other factors that concern the engineer are the durability of the product and the cost effectiveness in both the design and production processes. However, and without belittling the importance of these factors, safety is ultimately the major concern of the engineer. Safety as a factor is incorporated into all designs, for both the client and the environment (including other people who might not necessarily use the product but ...

Executive summary 1

Question 1: Environmental analysis of Severstal Company 2
Question 2: Severstal’s corporate and competitive strategies evaluation 3
Question 3: strategic recommendations for Severstal 4

References 5

Executive summary
Steel is one of the most widely used materials in infrastructure development. This is due to the quality of its products and the fact that it is relatively cheaper than other materials that would be used to make the same products. However, the steel industry has had its fair share of tribulations especially during the 2008 economic crisis that fell many giants in the business. The industry experienced operations fall to near-zero ...

Introduction

Proper selection of the material and manufacturing process to be used for a given application is crucial to the success of the manufacturing process. Material selection should be based on material suitability and the possibility of modifying the material to make it suitable for the application while the selection of the manufacturing process should be based on the material selected, the shape required, dimensions of the item being manufactured and the cost of production. A product design specification (PDS) is a crucial element of design that outlines the design and operating requirements and, therefore, facilitates the selection of suitable ...

Business

Executive Summary
Problem Statement
Nucor needs to build traction for improved profitability in a slowly recovering steel industry amidst continued challenges of price volatility, cheap foreign imports and global steel oversupply.

Analysis

Improving Global Steel Outlook
The global steel industry is slowly recovering while the global economy is edging away from recession. In the forthcoming year, the World Steel Association forecasts that global steel production will increase by 3.3% to 3.4%. For the first time since 2011, all major steel consuming countries have shown positive growth. For the first time since 2006, the growth rate in China (about 3%) would ...

Mission

TATA steel aims to strengthen the India’s industrial base by the effective utilization of staff and materials within the available resources. TATA steel also aims to achieve productivity using new technology. TATA steel strict to honesty and the integrity, both are the ingredients for a strong and stable enterprise. The company seeks to scale the heights of excellence in all it does in an atmosphere free from fear.

Goals and Strategy of TATA steel

TATA steel is always strict to its ethical culture. TATA steel is to feel proud of its ethical culture. TATA steel has a dedicated team who always been looking to ...

Concrete is the most economical building material that can withstand high compressive strength, but cannot exhibit sufficient tensile forces. On the other hand, steel is considered a good building material in the context of tensile strength. It can withstand tensile strength much more than concrete. A properly designed concrete building structure hold increased strength and ductility even in areas prone to seismic conditions. The performance of buildings during an earthquake depends mainly on design instead of the material used in the process of construction. In conducting comparison between concrete and steel buildings, on can find benefits in both types ...

Question One

It is essential to understand the four classes of materials; this is because it makes us have a clear understanding of the properties that specific materials should exhibit. This plays an important role whenever there is a need to select materials for use in applications. (Ashby, Hugh and Cebon, 2007). This is due to the fact that for every application there are specific properties required, there is always a need to select that material that has exactly the needed property. Hence, the understanding of such properties ensures that the right material is chosen for the correct application. The four ...

Nucor business model is designed to take care of the factors driving the steel markets in the USA. The strategic of Nucor plan to expand operations through acquisitions and joint ventures, global leadership and environmental management. Production of value-added products, effective raw material strategies, commercialization of new technologies and organization to ensure maximum capitalization on this industry are strategies that have enabled the company to achieve heights. The material strategy aimed at creating a greater controls over all the inputs by using scrap substitutes in all the plants owned by the Nucor wholly or jointly. These would increase the ...

Abstract

This experiment aims at determining the Young’s Modulus (E) by using the strain gauge technique. It is determined for a simply supported beam by measuring the strain in the beam when it is loaded in 3 point bending. i.e. load is applied exactly at the center of the beam. The bending of a beam is an example of Hooke’s Law, which states that, when an elastic body is strained in any way, the deformation is directly proportional to the applied stress provided the body is not strained beyond its elastic limit. In this experiment, Young’s Modulus ...

- value chain of the industry
In the steel industry, there are a number of stages that exist between the producers and the final customers. There are also suppliers who provide the iron and the carbon to the producers. Due to its high value, the steel industry has one of the most lucrative value chains and this may be attributed to the fact that there is always a ready market for whichever stage the steel is. For example, the producers are aware that there are cartels of middlemen or manufacturers who are always ready to buy. The middlemen in ...

Different parts of a car are made of different material. The choice of material to make different parts of a motor vehicle is influenced by factors like amount of stress handled by the part, cost of material compared to other alternatives and purpose of the part e.g. decoration etc. These are some of the factors the determine type of material a motor vehicle part is made of. An example of material and part on a car made using the material is given below.
(A) Ferrous alloy
1.0 Part made of ferrous alloy

Engine components e.g. bolts and nuts, engine ducts and body of car

This material is used for the above ...

In the U.S. two types of standard structural bolts have been approved for use: ASTM A490 and ASTM A395 (Williams, 2001, p. 44).

ASTM A395

Usually, the ASTM A325 covers the heavy structural bolts with high strength that range in size from half diameter to one and half diameter. The given bolts are often used in various structural connections (Williams, 2001, p. 54). They characteristically have shorter thread lengths when compared to the standard hex bolts. There are two types of A325: Type 1 and type 3. Type 1 is made of carbon baron, medium carbon, or an alloy of medium ...

The growth behind the Tata Steel is attributed to their belief in mutually benefiting other countries, communities as well as corporation. This belief has led to the company towards expanding their operations across the globe where the company acquired the Corus in 2007 that initiated their operations in the European market. These aspects have contributed to the company emerging as the tenth largest steel producer across the world with a workforce that entails about 81,000 in over five continents. Additionally, the company has for many years emphasized major influence on the economic development in India with objectives that ...

Henry Frick was born in West Overton, Pennsylvania in 1849 ("Henry Clay Frick"). He amassed a fortune from his coke and steel business, and he was extremely respected among 19th century industrial magnates for his business and accounting acumen. He became the head of the Carnegie Steel Company; however, after years of contention with Andrew Carnegie, Frick formed the United States Steel Corporation ("Henry Clay Frick"). Known among his contemporaries as a quiet philanthropist, a dedicated family man, and an avid art collector, Frick was not respected or well-liked by the general public. Competing business owners and working class ...

a Course, College, country
b Course, College, country

Abstract

Tensile strength is a kind of force which is applied by pulling something such as rope, wire etc. to the point where it breaks [1]. The tensile strength of the material is the maximum amount of tensile stress that it can take before failure [1]. There is different kind of tensile strength yield strength, ultimate strength, breaking strength. The tensile strength can be found using tensile test which is a kind of the mechanical test [2]. Tensile test are simple, inexpensive and fully standardized. The motto of this paper is to ...

Abstract

The construction of the Bayonne Bridge (New Jersey) in 1931 revolutionized the structural technique and design of bridges. It was mad exceptionally well that it incorporated materials and styles that had not been used at the time. The length of the structure made it the world’s largest bridge for many years before other structures were raised. As the first structure that used manganese steel, it is pioneered and revolutionized many aspects in construction of bridges and among other structures The impacts that the bridge had after its competition resulted into much more benefits to the communities linked by ...

Analysis of Oil Palm Shell Concrete-A Review

Many researches have been conducted on to use oil palm shell (OPS) as the light weight material in last three decades. It is an agricultural waste normally generated from palm oil industry. This industry is normally situated in Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and some other countries. There are many products being made from OPS. The use of OPS as lightweight aggregate in making concrete mix is the main project of many companies in different countries including Malaysia that was first introduced by Abdullah in 1984. Malaysia playing an important role in manufacturing of different oil palm products as it gives ...

Abstract

Tensile tests are instrumental in understanding the properties of various materials and the way will behave when subjected to a load. Four different materials were subjected to tensile test using universal testing machine. The materials that were tested were: steel and nylon. The data obtained from each experiment was used to calculate and graphically determine some of the valuable properties of the materials such as, yield stress, ultimate tensile strength and young’s modulus. The material properties obtained from the various test were compared with the theoretical values and also amongst the materials themselves. The tensile test results showed ...

1. Discuss the trends in the steel industry and how it may impact Nucor’s strategy.

The modern history of the steel industry starts around 1850s when Mr. Henry Bessemer of England and Mr. William Kelly, of the United States, started producing steel in large quantities and relatively at a low cost. Since its inception, the industry has undergone significant changes throughout its history. Until 1960s only a few big companies were able to produce steel due to the complexity of the production process and the necessary degree of company integration. However, the development of the electric arc furnace, ...

1. Introduction

Computer hard disk drives are storage devices for digital data. The digital data is stored on high-speed rotating magnetic surfaces. They are non-volatile and use the random access technique to access data stored on them. It consists of fast rotating discs which have magnetic surfaces onto which data is stored. They are permanently mounted on the computers and cannot be easily detached like floppy disks. It is known as hard disk drive as both the disk and the drive are contained inside the same unit. The costs of hard disk drives have fallen in the last few ...

Iron

Iron as a chemical element is referred to by the symbol Fe and has an atomic number 26 on the periodic table. Iron is a metal in the first transition series and is the most abundant element on the outer and inner surface of the earth.

Iron was discovered in 2000 BCE when it replaced bronze in manufacture of tools and weapons and ushered in the Iron Age. Iron was first used in South-Central and South-West Asia. Iron was picked over bronze because when it is blended with carbon, it becomes harder and durable. Iron can also hold a ...

Introduction

Thin films are in use since ages, and in old times people used to beat gold with hammers into thin films about less than one μm thickness and then used this thin film for gold coating of different stuffs. Thin films are used in many materials and do use them in daily life but are not aware of it. If one wax cars or paint homes that mean, they are applying a thin film.

Bulk Material VS thin film

Bulk materials are those materials that are mined. They are referred to as Bulk solid in mining and mineral industry. The material that can be ...

1) The decision is very simple for Royce and he should not hesitate in selecting Baker Steel over Mohawk. The reason behind this is the fact that Pendleton is a business venture that needs profitability to survive. By ordering Bake Steel they would save approximately $97800 every year. This is a big amount. The company would be more profitable and more well off by selecting Baker Steel. Another reason for selecting Pendleton Construction is a fact that Mohawk cannot meet the supply needed for the project. They can only supply 5000 tons, whereas the project requires 9780 of bended ...

Question 1 Executive Order 10340 by President Harry Truman

Summary of the Executive Order
Executive Order 10340, which was issued on April 8, 1952 by President Harry Truman, directed the Secretary of Commerce to take possession of all steel companies and their corresponding properties and facilities listed in the EO. The EO listed more than 80 steel companies located all over the country. The Secretary was also directed to operate or cause the operation of such facilities with the help of any entities, public or private, as he may designate. The EO further directed the Secretary to do the following: determine the terms and conditions of employment in ...

Andrew Carnegie

“Andrew Carnegie was a critical agent in the triumph of industrial capitalism in the decades surrounding the turn of the twentieth century. “ (Nasaw, xii) At the same time, Carnegie, as once the French Enlightenment philosophers, and, after them, Alfred Nobel, believed that one could make this world better by promoting the dissemination of knowledge. Being an active American, he, unlike the French philosophers approached the matter practically — he had donated 95% of his earnings (the equivalent of the current 55 billion dollars) and wished he had time to donate everything.
Andrew Carnegie was born on November 25, 1835 in ...

Armco Inc. was the sixth largest steel manufacturer in the United States at the end of 1990 and employed about a thousand employees in its production facilities. Being in a labour and capital intensive and declining industry with low margins meant that managers at Armco had to be very careful with their spending to stay competitive. Part of the plan to stave competition was to produce higher quality goods and raise employee performance with incentives programs based on employee responsibility and historical performance.
The old method of performance evaluation was based on ‘Cost Above’ system, a plan that summed ...

According to the Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat, The Burj Khalifa is the world’s tallest building based on height to top, height to highest occupied floor, and height to architectural top. The building is a multi-use Burj Dubai development tower with an approximate total area of 460,000 meters squared. It includes parking facilities, shopping malls, entertainment centers, offices, hotel, and residential (AL-KODMANY 2013, p. 12). The decision to construct this building was initiated by government’s idea to diversify from an oil-based economy to one that is tourism and service oriented. It is 828 meters ...