Essays on Integration

Vertical and Horizontal Integration

Technology Sector and Structural Changes

Technology, by any measure, is the most competitive and fast moving industry, and businesses have to develop new structural strategies to maintain their competitive sustainability. The survival of business in the industry is dependent, in part, to innovation and new product development, and as well, structural reinvention and strategies. Actions and strategic decisions of top management executives are essential in the determination of the future of many organizations and in enabling these organizations to avoid becoming obsolete. Traditionally, business organizations in the IT industry have used integration to enhance their developmental and operational activities. Continue reading...

NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS

Robert Schuman’s notable phrase “Never war between us” is one of the most critically acclaimed lessons learned by most Europeans with regards to the topic of European unification and integration. This lesson became Schuman’s main foundation in declaring the start of integration in his 1950 speech in the creation of the European Coal and Steel Community. It can be noted that European integration, through the ECSC, started on a plan to control resources and production. This was also seen in the evolution of the European Defence Community and later the European Economic Community and the European Atomic Continue reading...

Netherlands Immigration

The historical background of a country plays an integral role in shaping the government’s activities in a country and the culture of the people. Netherlands as a country is not an exception in respect to this phenomenon. In fact, Netherlands is acknowledged in history as the first country to have a parliament through an election process. Apart from being associated with other affiliations, Netherlands is one of the founding member states of the European Union, World Trade Organization and the NATO. The headquarters of various Organizations such as Prohibition of Chemical Weapons and international courts such as the International Court of Justice, the Permanent Court of Arbitration and the International Criminal Court. This implies that the foundation of Netherlands has a strong association with justice and democracy, owing to the fact that the country hosts various international organizations that are primarily concerned with justice matters. In addition, the capital of Netherlands is referred to as the world’s “legal capital”. Continue reading...

Introduction

The European integration (European Union, EU) is widely perceived, not just as an example, but as a model for regional integration due to its vast experience. The EU is greatly harmonized and the integration process is well institutionalized, advanced, and expanding. EU has recently pursued an increase in the number of trade agreements to foster the economic ties. Besides, it has undertaken comprehensive agreements with other regional groupings in the arena of trade, trade-related issues, political aspects, and development concerns (Dorrucci et al., 2002). The Latin America case, however, presents some empirical and theoretical hurdles. Even though the integration Continue reading...

Types of integration described in case study 1

Horizontal or virtual integration has been described in case 1. The three hospitals got into partnership to improve on their functioning capacity. This type of health system integration involves firms coming together to form a partnership which is extended to central functions of each firm. The functions that the partnership supports include human resource management, information technology management, financial management, quality improvement and strategic planning. According to this nature of health system integration, all the key functions have to be coordinated across each of the parties involved in the partnership so as to increase the overall value of the Continue reading...

Introduction

My essay will argue that the national parliaments have been the “losers’ of European Integration in that it has lost most power that it had before the European integration. Additionally, the essay will provide evidence based on the changes in the legislature in the bid to regain the powers. Depending on an individual’s school of thought, one can argue either that the national parliaments of the countries that make up the European integration have been losers or have benefitted. Many scholars have discussed that the process of European integration has led to the transfer of legislative power from Continue reading...

Introduction:

Most organizations are divided into various departments, which have some, role to play towards the achievement of organizational goals and objectives. This, therefore, means that different departments in an organization have to work in partnership with each other for an organization to function efficiently. Many organizations also find themselves in situations where they are required to rely on the services or actions of other organizations in order to achieve some goals or objectives. However, face a lot of challenges when trying to achieve efficient interrelations. In most cases, the main cause of these challenges arises from their lack of Continue reading...

Regional Analysis

According to De Lombaerde and Van Langenhove (2007), regional integration is a scheme that connects states to foster interaction between their local and regional components to form an organization that conforms into a state-led organization. Regional integration also pertains to the joining of various states within the region to create a larger entity. The success of regional integration depends on the state’s willingness and loyalty to the regional group, sharing their sovereignty and openness in accepting policies that would require them to open their sovereignty. Integration deeper than the average connection is noted to be very difficult if Continue reading...

Information Infrastructure alignment

Introduction
The potential of information technology to transform organization has been a constant subject of analysis since the introduction of computer technology in the last quarter of the 20th century. With every major technological innovation, there have been strong allegations that companies and organizations would have radically to integrate the opportunities availed by these new technological capabilities. The opportunities of changes within the organization caused as a result of new computer technologies have been subjected to debate in the light of different views on his technology itself together with the new perspectives on organization’s management designs (Tallon, & Pinsonneault, Continue reading...

Introduction

The idea of European unification are rooted in the deep past, contemporary same integration trends originate in the events of the first post-war years, and the emergence of a united Europe is by far the most ambitious social process of the second half of the twentieth century. Study of its history, revealing its laws and assessing the possible effects of the subject of hundreds of scientific papers, but these topics are still relevant, as today one can hardly argue that the contradictions at all stages of development accompanying the European Union overcome and difficulties encountered on his way, leaving Continue reading...

Faced with various differences, changes, and challenges, societies find it necessary to have social integration. Any society is consists of diverse social institutions and factors – politics, religion, ethnicity, education, business organizations, and other national/international matters – that could keep every individual and groups from being united. In the European Union’s Economic and Social Integration, the slogan “unity in diversity” suggests that individuals and groups coming from the various states and regions should be joined together into one multileveled European society (Schiek, 2012). Social integration does not imply joining of people into a homogenous entity; it merely suggests that despite Continue reading...

Present-day Affinities and Challenges to Political and/or Economic Integration in the Caribbean.

Excerpt‘Guyana boasts a remarkably rich ecology, but also has one of South America's poorest economies.’ (BBC News, 2012,
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1211325.stm).

Guyana, a Commonwealth republic state in the Caribbean, is often heard in the media on various accounts. It is a typical representative of the wider Caribbean countries (Will, 1991). Will argued that these countries, despite having many affinities, have in the past faced many challenges on their quest for integration (1991). In the news article by BBC News (2012) cited above, some of the drawbacks still resonate in the modern Caribbean region even though some development has occurred both Continue reading...

Question 1

- Describe the different types of costs associated with inventory.
Inventory costs can be divided into three main categories, namely purchase costs (the cost of procurement), storage costs (maintenance) and costs related to the lack of goods (shrinkage). Purchase costs (also called as the costs of order preparation, especially when it comes to production), or restocking are economic consequences caused by direct orders, that is, costs that arise every time the company place customer’s order. These costs can be divided into two parts: the costs directly for the placement of the order (they can be persistent and do Continue reading...

Introduction

Business operations emanate from the inculcation of plausible strategies in performance. Accordingly, through the inculcation of business level or functional level strategies, profitable outcomes are bound to prevail. Thus, this paper will evaluate the case questions regarding the diverse strategies that organizations inculcate.
- Horizontal integration, vertical integration, outsourcing and diversification strategies e.g. acquisition, mergers, internal new venturing joint ventures become recognized corporate strategies

Explain the difference between horizontal and vertical including both forward and backward0 integration

Horizontal integration denotes a company acquiring its competitors within the industry. As such, the company purchases numerous of its competitors towards sustaining commanding role within the sector of operation. Through acquisition of its rivals, an Continue reading...

The short statement on my role as IT manager at Magnum aims at identifying the role of IT Manager in organizations, role of IT Management in organizations, role of IT manager in integrating software, hardware and business management capabilities, Challenges anticipated as head of IT management at Magnum, and Integration of information technology in to business operations.
The management of IT resources according to priorities and needs is referred as the IT management discipline. The various IT resources include data, software, networks, hardware etc. Management of these resources involves functions like integration, planning, budgeting, staffing, training, change management, reporting, Continue reading...

Validity and Scope of Approximate Methods of Integration

Introduction
Addition of discrete numbers is pretty straightforward; more than 80% of the human population can make mental calculations instantly. So when integration was introduced as a kind of addition in a continuous domain, I was not very worried. However, it didn’t take me long to realize that understanding integration is more than solving a bunch of problems using well defined techniques. So in my pursuit to understand the topic well, I decided to research upon how some of these techniques (Trapezium Rule and Simpson’s Rule) came about, how they work, and what they really mean. With Continue reading...

BRAZIL: EMBRACING GLOBALIZATION

INTRODUCTION
It has always been a challenge for the developing countries to find effective and efficient strategy regarding cross-national cooperation, globalization, and economic growth. The developing countries have been struggling to find the appropriate mix between the imports and exports. On one hand, the developing countries are looking for strengthen the local industry by putting up different regulations and tariffs and on the other hand these countries are looking for opportunities to increase the overall exports to other international countries. This requires the formulation of effective and efficient economic and trade strategy. The developing countries are facing the challenge Continue reading...

Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) and its Features

Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) refers to the seamless incorporation of two or more enterprise computer applications to enable them operate as a single system using a combination of software, hardware, processes and standards (Goldstone Technologies Limited, n.d.). It facilitates the creation of a dynamic business environment by permitting organizations to integrate their business processes both internally, and externally with their partners. EAI developed in response to the progression in distributed computing and the emergence of open information systems. There are three models of integration of applications: presentation, data and functional integration (Kalyani, 2012). In these models, new software in Continue reading...

Abstract

In recent times, healthcare organizations have increasingly been placing a lot of emphasis on improving hospital supply chain performance. This is because healthcare organizations have been striving to improve operational efficiency while reducing costs. This paper identifies the role of supply chain integration in enhancing hospital supply chain performance. The paper reviews some of the factors that affect the integration of supply chain management and concludes that supply chain integration has a very strong impact on hospital performance.
1. Introduction
A smooth running Supply Chain Management (SCM) system ensures that an organization can establish a sustainable competitive advantage. This Continue reading...

Module Review Questions and Module Practice

Part A

When a department, team or group within an organization fails to interact with others, it is termed to as a functional silo. The lack of information sharing and internal processes and data makes the department act as a silo or an island. Functional silos have evolved in organizations. They have become more prevalent after the organizations became complex and large. A company can be termed as a large organization if there are many departments that have distinct duties and responsibilities. If the department in the organization operates separately and does not interact with others, functional silos exist. Continue reading...

In light of Africa’s challenges with globalization, regional integration has come to be an alternative strategy in combating the pressure that comes with small size and underdevelopment of African economies. Regional integration has been echoed as a major aim for the African continent since the end of colonization. The dedication of African leaders towards cooperation and integration has been accentuated in several African leaders’ meetings beginning from the 1980 Lagos Plan of Action, the 1991 Abuja Treaty, and the 2001 New Partnership for Africa’s Development – NEPAD. Regional integration is arguably one way in which Africa can provide Continue reading...

Impact of Horizontal, Vertical, and Virtual Integration on Health Care Systems

Changes in policies governing health care, introduction of new payment modalities such as the prospective payment system, and increased emphasis on the cost-effectiveness and quality of health care services have created an impetus for health care organizations to become part of larger organizations (Proti, 2009). They do this with the hope of shielding themselves from adverse outcomes of these changes, maintaining competitiveness, and expanding their capability to offer comprehensive, continuous, and diverse health care services (Wolper, 2010, p. 82). There are 3 forms of integration, horizontal integration, vertical integration, and virtual integration. The impact of these three forms of Continue reading...

The European Union: An economic project or a political power?

Since the time of its inception, the European Union became one of the major players in both political and economic development throughout the globe; following the lead of the United States. This supranational organization consisted of 28 European states had developed from 1951 to the present, uniting the European region and adding more members to the fray. It is undeniable that the EU today is a force to be reckoned with, however, it is argued that the EU is mostly an economic power than a political bloc that must be taken in consideration. With the policies of the EU Continue reading...

Regional Economic Integration

Regional Economic Integration refers to the creation of agreements among the countries within the same geographical areas, which aims to enhance economic and political cooperation. Its initial purpose is to reduce or remove trade barriers in the region, while the scope of the agreement can also include further areas for cooperation. It is possible to identify several kinds of regional economic integration, which depend on the degree to which countries want to sacrifice their sovereignty in favour of collaboration and barrier reduction. The least restrictive form of economic integration is the so called “preferential trade area”. It implies a Continue reading...

John F. Kennedy and the Federal Marshals Decision-Making

During the Civil Rights Movement

The Civil Rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s was a tense period in the history of the United States. In 1961 the first Catholic was sworn into the office of President of the United States of America, John Fitzgerald Kennedy. He had many challenges to face during his presidency. His early death due to his assassination makes it impossible to predict whether he would have become a stronger supporter of the Civil Rights movement (also known as the Black Freedom movement). President Kennedy may have decided to give most of the responsibility to Continue reading...

Summary of the Article The Impact of Project Management Methodologies on Project Performance

The article The Impact of Project Management Methodologies on Project Performance written by Shai Rozens focuses on several methodologies and their actual efficiency in the course of a project.
Recent studies in that field show that students and practitioners are aware of specific project management methodologies, yet the project failure level is quite high. The author describes a general project management course, which consists of lectures on how to structure the project, complete it in time, estimate resources, human resources and costs, to conduct the risk of failure, describes effective ways of communication and control. The experiment was conducted Continue reading...

INTRODUCTION:

Owing to increasing competition and technological advancements, organizations are looking for different innovative ideas and strategies to create sustainable competitive advantage. The purpose of these strategies and tactics is to improve the overall performance of the company. This eventually leads to the creation of wealth for the shareholders. The main goal or aim of an organization is to create wealth for the shareholders. All strategies and decisions of the organizations are directly associated with this aim and hence are evaluated on the yardstick of wealth creation for the shareholders.
In today’s highly competitive environment organizations are engaging in Continue reading...

Approximately 100 years after Union troops settled the issue of slavery, a second Civil War played out in America’s courts and on the streets of the America South. In Mississippi, as in Alabama, Georgia and other states where the Civil Rights movement played out, the U.S. Supreme Court’s ruling in Brown vs. the Board of Education and the ensuing battle over school integration inflamed white folks, who adopted every available tactic to maintain the doctrine of “separate but equal.” Black folks responded with incredible courage, implementing strategies that would eventually turn the tide in the battle Continue reading...

Introduction

This paper evaluates the concepts characterizing global society. Global society has been conceptualized in different, but also competing measures. In the first section, the definition of global society is evaluated. Two definitions of global society (Immanuel Wallerstein’s and Gidden’s) are evaluated in the first part. This section also illuminates how these definitions have shaped my understanding oft the term global society. The second part discusses the concept of transformation and its relevance to global society.

Question Two

Globalization and the global society have been defined differently by various authors. For instance Immanuel Wallerstein conceptualizes the world in terms of Continue reading...

Critical Review

Thesis
This is a critical review on research paper Case Studies on Successful M&A Practices in Acer & Lenovo: A Dynamic Capabilities Perspective. The first section of this paper will discuss the purpose, rationale and related literature of this research paper. The second section will discuss the research methodology and design used in this paper. The final section will discuss the main findings and the implication related to this study.

Introduction

Historical information shows that about 70% of the M&A (merger & acquisitions) have led to value destruction and only 30% of the M&A lead to value creation. This case of empirical Continue reading...

Research Paper Proposal

Introduction
Multiculturalism and diversity is a major pillar of our Canadian Society. We build relationships and formulate a society based on many different beliefs and backgrounds. The pressing topic of this research paper is based on the concept of ‘multiculturalism’ and how this complex word with different interpretations relates to everyone.
I also go on to confess my view on the topic as I explain the nature and extent to which we should support this holistic approach to society and define the border of understanding and compromise between multicultural groups across the country. This is not in any way Continue reading...

I chose this particular topic for my research paper because the South Caucasus is a region that has had the misfortune of seeing inter-ethnic issues played out in different stages of conflict - both latent and violent, and therefore both conflict prevention and conflict resolution/transformation interventions have been required. Georgia's Armenian inhabited area – Samtskhe-Javakheti – is a case of the former. Abkhazia, South Ossetia, Nagorno-Karabakh and also the Georgian-Russian-Ossetian war represent the latter.

Basic Facts about the Armenian Minority Group in Georgia

General Information about Armenians
Armenians constitute the main population of the Republic of Armenia, the country is homogenous. The total population of the country in accordance with Continue reading...

ABSTRACT

Supply chain management is an emerging concept in the construction industry in UAE. SCM tends to provide the organizations in the construction industry with an opportunity to improve cost and time consumption. Moreover, the effective supply chain management provides the organization with an ability to improve the quality of projects as well as the satisfaction level of the clients by meeting the requirements more accurately and precisely.
Although the benefits associated with SCM implementation are quite high in the construction industry but the lack of knowledge and limited perspective of the organization has significantly transformed the benefits into weaknesses. Continue reading...

Introduction
Scholars of international relations have deemed the neorealist-neoliberal debate as the conventional paradigm of their discipline. Yet, the emergence of social constructivism in international relations has challenged that standard, and critics both acclaimed and disputed the approach in relation to the established ones in place (Zehfuss, 2002, p. 2). Whereas social constructivism proved influential within scholarly circles of international relations (Checkel, 1999, p. 545), its extent of influence has received indefinite assessments.
The extent to which social constructivism has transformed international relations serve as a gap that this study seeks to address. As social constructivism Continue reading...

Magic Quadrant for Business Intelligence Platforms

Abstract
Gartner is a company that provides business intelligence to any IT company in any field. With the knowledge that Business Intelligence is getting the right information to the right people at the right time through the right channel, Gartner delivers the knowledge quickly in order to make the right decisions swiftly (Rud, 2009).
Gartner uses various research methodologies through their many years of observing business trends, which include Hype Cycles, Vendor Ratings, Magic Quadrants, Market Forecasts, Market Scopes, and Market Share Analysis.
This paper discusses the Magic Quadrant, which is one of Gartner's best tools, as it provides Continue reading...

Introduction

An organizational culture of a particular society, institution or business usually determines the profitability and the efficiency of that institution in achieving success. This culture normally entails the attitudes and behavior that are characteristic of a particular social group or organization. In this regard, it is very fundamental and elemental for any institution or organization like Brook University to conduct a cultural organizational analysis. There are three various approach that researchers can employ in Continue reading...

Description of the issue

The number of colored students who secure chances for higher education in the United States has greatly been on the decline. The rates of admission and successful completion of higher education by students who are of African-American origins, Hispanic and the Native Americans origin have always trailed behind their White and Asian counterparts. Perhaps, this has been on the grounds of low income and discrimination based on race. Moreover, students with disabilities have also not been adequately represented in the higher education, in United States. Besides, the needs of the few African-Americans, the Hispanic and the Native American students Continue reading...

Application Analysis

People Tools 8.52: PeopleSoft Search Technology
Introduction
The fast phased developments in mobile and web technology have expanded its basic functionalities and enabled people to connect with anything, anyone, anytime and anywhere through search technologies. Companies such as Google and Facebook are just a few of the well-known brands that use search technologies. Other search engines such as Bing is also investing in the same technology. The use of search technology was not limited to search engines as new applications already made use of search technologies for myriad of purpose. For example, Oracle’s People Tools 8.52 encompasses the Continue reading...

Introduction

Religion is an organized collection of cultural systems, belief systems and world views that relate humanity to spirituality and at times moral values. Religions are characterised by symbols, traditions, narratives, sacred places, people, beings that are intended to explain the origin of life, meaning of life and the universe. Religions have over the years helped define human nature and the known and the unknown world. They have also defined and set standards on ethics, morality and general human lifestyle.
It is estimated that there are about 4,200 religions in the world. The most dominant religions in the world Continue reading...

Introduction

European political incorporation is a technique, whereby: political performing artists in a few different national level are induced in enhancing movement of their political requirements to another focus, whose foundations holder request ward over every existing national states. It is the technique whereby countries forego the craving and capability to lead remote and crux residential strategies autonomously of one another, looking for rather to settle on joint choices on setting up of the centermost branches.
Arrangement for the Commission of European Economic Condition was regarded as the Plan instituted by Schuman since it was made open by Robert Schuman Continue reading...