Essays on Cement

Company and Industry Averages Ratio Analysis

This graph shows the current ratio and quick ratio for the two companies. In it we can see that Union Cement Company has a higher current and quick ratio compared to Umm Al Qaiwain Cement and that the former’s two ratios are slightly higher than the industry standard. This graph shows how Umm Al Qaiwain Cement has fallen below industry standards in terms of Total Debt Ratio—which is a good thing and how Union Cement Company exceeded the industry standard in that indicator. In terms of Debt Equity Ratio, it is the Umm Al Qaiwain Cement that exceeded ...

Cement is an integral material in the construction industry and apart from infrastructure and building construction; cement has its vital role in economic development of the nations. The consumption and production are on the increase due to rapid population growth and fast industrialization. As a matter of fact, that industry is facing numerous challenges in the context of energy resources and environmental issues in the form of greenhouse emissions during the process of production. In addition, its production is associated with differently economic activities and it is predicted to grow even with a faster rate in the future years. Hence, it ...

Abstract

Concrete acts as one of the most essential and cost-effective construction material made from a mixture of sand, cement, aggregates, and water. Cement acts as a binder for holding all the components together. Engineers working in the construction site must understand the purpose of the construction because different structures require different concrete strengths. The strength of cement paste used controls the overall strength of concrete that depends on the water-cement ratio. The following experiment was conducted to investigate different mechanical and physical properties of concrete.

Objective: To determine mechanical properties of concrete.

Materials used: Aggregate (coarse and fine), sand, cement, water, compressive machine, cylindrical and rectangular molds, timer, ...

The Name of the Class (Course)

The Name of the School (University) The City and State Introduction Literature Review According to Geopolymer Institute (2014), Joseph Davidovits discovered Geopolymer concrete. Joseph Davidovits is a French National born in 1935. Geopolymer concrete is as a result of a reaction of source materials. Constituents of source materials are alumina, silica, and alkaline liquid. Geopolymer has a 3-dimensional structure. They are manufactured using low amounts of temperature. The manufacture of Geopolymer involves mixing several products. These products are alkali metal hydroxide and aluminosilicate. Aluminosilicate acts as a binder. It is a constituent of aluminum and silicon. Research shows that Geopolymer ...

Sand can be classified into coarse sand and fine sand, based on particle size. The former is usually greater than 4.75 mm (retained in a No. 4 sieve), while the latter is less than 4.75 mm (passing through the No. 4 sieve) (1).The properties, including shape and texture, size gradation, moisture content, specific gravity, reactivity, soundness, and bulk unit weight, of different types of sand,influence concrete strength (2). The shape of sand particlescauses variations in the surface to volume ratio, and a larger surface to volume ratio improves bond characteristics but decreases concrete workability. The surface texture of sand ...

Abstract

This paper surveys the different types of risks that workers and employees usually face within a given work setting. There are many hazards and dangers that employees in different types of industries encounter, particularly individuals in the manufacturing, construction and mining industries. All other known industries also have considerable risks facing their workers. This paper analyzes the case study of the Deep Water Horizon Oil Spill that occurred in 2010, as it relates to the risks that different British Petroleum (BP) workers faced during the oil spill.

Workplace Risk Analysis

Workplace Risks: The term Workplace Risk refers to the various types of hazards ...

There are hazards associated with the building process that must be identified and mitigated as quickly as possible. This document will address twelve potential hazards for HeidelbergCement HeidelbergCement controls much of the supply chain for its business, which is an excellent business model but presents unique challenges in the realm of safety. In the aggregate phase, heavy machinery must be used to obtain and properly sort, sift, and remove aggregate from the quarry. Using heavy machinery can pose a threat to operators, leading to injury or potential downtime if machinery is used improperly. The outcome is potential downtime, injury, ...

Haiti’s Ministry of Tourism

- Competitive/ Business Strategy – Haiti’s Ministry of Tourism After the devastating earthquake that hit Haiti, the country is currently embroiled in efforts to rebuild its economy. The development of tourism is a top priority for the incumbent government. - Haiti Competitive Strategy - Cost advantage - Differentiation advantage (Hong, 2008). - Competitive strategy alternative

In the future, Haiti can explore the following competitive strategies alternatives.

- In order to gain cost advantage in the future, Haiti needs to consider the following competitive strategy alternatives: - Economies of scale - Economies of learning - Economies of scope and scale - Market share ...

Analysis of human failure contribution to process risk – The Case of Blowout in the Gulf of Mexico

Abstract

The Gulf of Mexico is considered to have accounted for roughly 90% of the complete offshore drilling in the United States of America in terms of the oil volume that is extracted. This number can be further equated to approximately one-third of the total production of oil in the United States of America. There are more than 50, 000 wells that have been drilled here since the year 1947 and of these 4,000 wells were dug deeper than 1, 000 ft. of water. As of date, more or less 80% of the total offshore drilling happens at a ...

Introduction

Natural resources such as fossil fuels have limited reserves on earth. These are precious sources of energy that have multifarious uses and applications. Due to this fact their demand and usage has been growing recklessly. However, fossil fuels are the greatest emitters of carbon. This has become a serious cause of concern since large amounts of carbon emissions have resulted in the unpredictable change in climate. This in turn gives rise to several environmental concerns such as pollution, global warming, rise in sea level etc. It also poses threat to the wildlife since the animals will face extreme difficulty in ...

Currently the EN 771-1 has been revised in order to adapt the new element of the Construction Products regulation. This exercise entailed stipulations of the usage of the product and modification to the new CE design and the affirmation of the performance. The new law requires the manufacturers of the construction materials to apply the CE markings. Art. 11 of the CPR emphasis that the manufacturer has to fulfil the obligation of drawing up the declaration performance and to affix the CE marking.

Introduction

The product category rules are important in preparation of the EPDs for manufactured concrete and the ...

Abstract

Construction of Kamehameha V Post Office (Hi) building occurred in 1871 that used different and exceptional style of concrete bricks. It was the first building in Hawaii to use such style and design. It is a government building that has hosted and used for various functions within different agencies of the governments. The structure built and designed with concrete bricks and iron bars that resulted into a stronger structure that has amazed many up to the current times. It was built by Osborne and has remained one of the most important and ancient building that existed in the US owned by ...

Improving the processing of polymer manufacture to get the maximum mechanical properties

There are various characteristics and properties of Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) that are essential in the improvement of the processing of polymer manufacture. PMMA have been widely used in place of the glass. Consequently, its unique features have been the contributing factors in its applications. The properties of PMMA include:

Weight: The material is always lightweight and even durable.

Density: The material has a density of between 1.15-1.19 g/cm3. This weight is estimated as half the density of a glass material. Strength: PMMA has a good impact strength which is significantly lower than the strength of the polycarbonate as well as other engineered polymers. In addition, the strength of the PMMA ...

New Zealand Factory Incident

The main aim of this study is to determine whether organizational safety measures are exercised. The study was initiated after a series of major incidents around the country were reported. These ranged from minor to major injuries sustained at different work places. The will also seek to find out whether these accidents occur as a result of employees’ ignorance or no proper structures are in place to deal with such situations. The study will give a bigger picture of workers’ safety in New Zealand. The study will use an incident that occurred as a case study.

Thesis Statement

The incident used as a case study happened ...

Perhaps the most important advance in using new building materials is the development of concrete which is more durable. New- age concrete is flexible and endows all kinds of structures, buildings, roads, sewers and bridges which last for a very long time. The construction industry in the world is becoming modern and advance, however, there is still the problem of building defects which need to be addressed. Defects to concrete facades of different buildings pose safety danger to the public; hence there is a need and formidable challenge to rethink on the issue. Successful remediation requires an adequate understanding of ...

Major physical features in Jamaica

Blue Mountain Peak This is the highest mountain in Jamaica with a highest of 2256meters (7402ft).It is ranked 117th in the world. The mountain is notable because of the Jamaican Blue Mountain coffee grown in the mountain. The coffee has no bitterness and is the most expensive and sought after coffee in the world.

Limestone plateau

This physical feature covers two thirds of the country’s land. The plateau form karsts which are distinguished by terra Rosa soils in the valley. This forms the largest basin, Vale of Clarendon.

Dunn’s River Falls

This is the most famous waterfall in Jamaica due to its ...

Question 3:

When two incompatible technologies compete in the marketplace, one usually becomes the dominant standard and the other fades away. Using the notion of network effects, discuss the reasons why such a winner-take-all market emerges. If you were the inventor of a new social networking website called FriendSpace, what would be two strategies if you would adopt to get network effects working in your favor and against the market leader, Facebook? Facebook is currently the market leader in social networking. It has enjoyed the lead due to network effect being in its favor. Facebook has a large number of users’ .The customers ...

Introduction

Clemton is a company that is specialized in offering services to clients in as far as the manufacture of cement is concerned. The management of Clemton is organized in such a way that it recognizes the parameters that must be implemented so as to lead to a fruitful result. The role of this study is to identify the instances that support the functioning of my company. Without having management aspects in place, it is obvious that the company will not progress as the objects of the company dictates. As a matter of fact, like any other Company, Clemton is a company that is interested ...

The effect of Air Pollution

Have you ever felt that that the air quality has changed a lot in recent years? Seemingly, it has become full of pollutants coming from vehicles fumes, burning and factories wastes, making it difficult for breathing. Air pollution has become a threat for human health as it hurts their health badly and of the most effective factors of air pollution is the smoke results from fires and burning which is full of toxic substances. It pollutes the air and makes it harmful for living beings. Also, factories emission and other human activities have a bad effect on the air which we breathe, ...

- Introduction A simple multi-storey residential unit at Suresh Nagar, Gwalior in India had been chosen. It had been designed by the team of design campus comprising of architects, engineers and designers. Figure 1: Front-side view of the multi-storey building

The total area of the ground floor plan is 2400 sq. ft. It is a G+3 structure i.e. it consists of four floors including the ground floor. The structure is a reinforced framed-structure supported on the column-beam frame. The lowermost floor that is partially under the ground level has been allotted for parking of vehicles.

The ...

Global warming is the average scale rise in the earth’s temperatures. It also means the increase of temperatures of the air, land surface and the ocean. The oceans stores the energy produced by global warming leading to increased temperatures in it and also melting the ice leading to rising above sea level. The global sea surface and air temperatures have risen by 0.8 0C since the early twentieth-century making humans get worried about their future. The greatest cause of global warming is from carbon emission due to human activities. The effects of global warming are devastating such as ...

Q.1. The most important argument for a stable schedule is that Lean is not very capable of dealing with a situation where sudden changes in production levels occur, since this affects the other entities in the system. For instance, given a stable process, a sudden change would either lead to stoppage in some part of the assembly, or another such problem. This would lead to a stoppage of work throughout the line. Since the lean system works on a ‘just in time’ concept, suppliers would also be affected since inventory gets shipped from the supplier’s side only when required. Thus, a stable schedule becomes paramount ...

The Valdez Oil Spill and the Deep Water Horizon Oil Spill

Exxon Valdez was an oil tanker ship that measured 987 feet, this tanker had an oil spill on 24th of March 1989 in Prince William Sound of Alaska. This oil spill, at that time was deemed “the most devastating human caused accident, which shook every pillar of the environmental ecosystem.” (Raunekk and Swagatam, 2010). Another oil spill occurred in recent future events that cause devastating damage to the environment, on the 20th of April 2010, the Deepwater Horizon oil rig had an oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Oil spills according to Sevhoo (2013), are caused, at least ...

Abstract

This paper is on the topic of hazard management system for the construction company specializing in rebuilding and renovating in Renovabuild. The first section of this paper will discuss the hazard management system for Renovabuild. The second section of this paper will discuss the type of hazard identification required for different phases for renovation. The third section of this paper will identify and access hazards and choose the controls of hazards pouring concrete decks at the roof of storage building. The final section for this paper will indentify the hazards and determine the consequences of hazards. Also, it will ...

Aims and Objective

The highways part aims to provide the student the basic understanding of highways design construction. An understanding of highway design construction needs an understanding of the practices associated with the rote selection is the traffic flows, vehicular behavior, and highway capacity, and also other environment. It is also aims the student to provide the basic understanding of the pavement and the traffic signals.

Learning Outcomes

This case study is to aims to give the student an experience of completing the exercise. The highway route selection, carriage stand, and the pavement design. This allow the student to become proficient in skills to ...

Abstract

The Segovia aqueduct is one of the most exceptional displays of roman hydraulic engineering to date. Constructed using masonry stones and with no mortar, the aqueduct has survived centuries and had been in use until mid-20th century when it stopped being used. Engineers today are applying some of the knowledge they learn from to develop stable structures. However, to develop such a structure in modern day a lot of work, engineering computations, machinery and skill are required.

Introduction The Roman culture at the time involved owning slaves. The slaves included Greeks who were captured as the Romans invaded Greek lands. ...

Philosophy 334 Summer Essays

Engineers may design products in a laboratory, office or workshop. In these cases it might be one engineer working solo or a team of engineers working in tandem. They could be designing a coffee machine, or even a highway that will carry millions of people annually from place or another. When people imagine what engineers do all day, many picture someone in an office with a pencil in hand pouring over equations and sketches. While this may be true that this is where many engineering begins, it is not where it ends. Because whether or not an engineer is designing a coffee machine or a highway ...

Oil exploration is a multifaceted process that requires careful planning. Environmental experts state that there is a need to conduct environmental impact assessment (EIA) prior to commencing the exploration process. Environmental impact assessment process begins with the identification of issues and impacts that are likely to be important and the establishment of terms of reference for the EIA. Secondly, there is the identification of alternatives; in this case, environmentally sound and benign options are identified. Thirdly, EIA involves impact analysis. This involves the identification and prediction of environmental, social and other effects of the exploration process. Fourthly, there is mitigation and ...

Abstract:

Lack of fresh water for agricultural, domestic, and industrial use is a great hindrance to development in many parts of the world. Water shortages are more prominent in the arid and semi-arid areas. In addition to that, the inadequate fresh water resources found in these regions are endangered when it comes to quality due to the numerous man-induced changes. Moreover, the limited water available is limited to groundwater. In there is any surface water, it is mainly flash floods that results from high intensity rainfall that falls for a very short time. Therefore, these floods have very little potential to be a ...

Abstract

The American telecommunication industry has different players that continue to shape the direction of the industry day in day out. Some of the telecommunication companies that operate in this market include AT & T Inc. AT & T is an American incorporated company that deals in telecommunication services like Wireless or mobile telephony as well as landline services coupled with broadband television services. A clear company analysis reveals some industry strategic plan that has been applied by the company in pursuit of its economic goal in the market. This paper seeks to find the different strategic plans AT & ...

Introduction

Currently, coal-fired power plants account for more than 80% of carbon dioxide emissions in the electric power industry of the United States and 33% of all the carbon dioxide emissions in the United States. Consequently, reducing carbon dioxide emissions that come from the coal plants is the focus of most proposals that intend to cut on the greenhouse gas emission. The options to do this include capturing and sequestering carbon dioxide that emitted by the coal power plants, replacing the coal power plants with the low or zero carbon dioxide sources of power like the nuclear and wind energy.

...

Each project possesses unique objectives and a design. However, there are characteristics that cut across all projects. These characteristics ought to be taken into account when coming with the objective of the project. To begin with, whenever a company or an organization wants to implement a project, there are several ideas that are floated by the concerned parties. These ideas are discussed and ultimately the ideas are developed into project proposals. The proposals provide insight into aspects of the project such as planning, budgeting and management of the project. In addition to this, the project proposal also includes a schedule within which the ...

Communication refers to the sending, receiving and understanding of messages between two or more individual. The need for efficient communication methods is evident in the running of large organizations. For an organization to be able to achieve its primary target, effective communication amongst the workers is paramount. Effective communication within an organization leads to better synchronization of work amongst the workforce. Different departments and sections within an organization require timely and accurate information to carry out tasks at the required time and pace. A breakdown in communication leads to missed deadlines and chaos in the organization (Tofanelli, 2012). ...

The Civil War was an event that changed the course of American history. Many men and women were involved in the Civil War, but a few major players became even more important and stood out from all the rest. The president of the Union, Abraham Lincoln, and the president of the Confederacy, Jefferson Davis, had alternative goals—however, both men were intelligent and driven. Lincoln’s effective tactics and strategies as a commander and chief allowed him to win several major battles during the Civil War, which eventually led him to victory in the conflict. Conversely, his counterpart, Jefferson Davis was ...

Today, one of the global issues people face to is different types of pollution. With human development, pollution is becoming worse, and as a result, other issues appear. Among them are global warming, new diseases, deforestation and many others. But, it was not like this all the time, as at the beginning the level of pollution was not so high. Otherwise, it would have been an apocalypse already. That was the industry development that caused global pollution. Even in the late 13th century, people knew about air pollution. For instance, King of England Edward I punished every Londoner, who ...

Introduction

The United Arab Emirates’ became independent in 1971; it records an economic freedom score of above 70. This has made the economy of UAE appear in 28th position among the freest in the 2014 index. It has increased its rating and this year it has reordered a 0.3 point higher than last year. This has been made possible by improvements in labor freedom, business freedom, and monetary freedom which have outweighed the control of government spending. The first assessment of UAE was made in 1996 index and since then it has been a regional leader in economic freedom, this is the ...

Abstract

The Lake Moeris Quarry Road built while the Old Kingdom of Egypt between 26th and 22nd centuries B.C. is the oldest paved road of the world and is testimony to the excellent sense of planning and execution of the ancient Egyptians of that period. The 8-miles of the main road was built by placing large stone blocks that were kept on the desert sand and to facilitate passage of sledges filled with blocks of Basalt to the quay of Lake Moeris, and then on to River Nile. Those Basalt blocks were shipped downstream of Nile to construction sites in ...

Traditional and Popular Believes

When people settle down to consider from which tribe, race, religion or dialect to marry, there are a number of factors that are available for consideration. First of all, marrying from ones’ culture will not only cement the culture of the particular race or tribe but will also ensure that the history, dialect, arts and traditions of the particular culture are maintained and perpetuated. There are two major perspectives that come into play whenever such considerations are made. Such perspectives are the traditional belief and popular culture belief. The proponents of traditional belief believe in upholding their culture in ...

Analysis of Oil Palm Shell Concrete-A Review

Many researches have been conducted on to use oil palm shell (OPS) as the light weight material in last three decades. It is an agricultural waste normally generated from palm oil industry. This industry is normally situated in Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and some other countries. There are many products being made from OPS. The use of OPS as lightweight aggregate in making concrete mix is the main project of many companies in different countries including Malaysia that was first introduced by Abdullah in 1984. Malaysia playing an important role in manufacturing of different oil palm products as it gives ...

The Middle Ages were the period of European history dating from the fall of the Holy Roman Empire in 476A.D. up to 1453 and started when the Ottoman Turks of the Middle East captured Constantinople. The Catholic Church grew more powerful and influential during that time. Governed by bishops and archbishops under the papal authority from Rome, the church became more dominant in the medieval society. Nuns and monks lived together in a house called monastery, devoting their lives in the service of God. In this period of turmoil and instability, many people turn to God in order to survive. ...

Introduction

These days, after the rise of industrial revolution, almost every economy is dependent on industrial activities which businesses pursue to not only make profits but create value for the society at large. While pursuing such an activity, the manufacturing concerns are also required to take care of the environment as well. This is because the production activities not only involve the release of dangerous wastes but also involve the emission of carbon dioxide gas which is harmful for society, environment and marine life as a whole resulting in a rise of global warming. Carbon dioxide (having a chemical formula of CO2) ...

Answer Question#Z

Sustainability is a process in which what is consumed or used is again replenished at a different point in the process cycle, so that one ends up with the same conditions at the start or end of the process. For example, the water cycle is a natural sustainable process. Sustainable processes can theoretically go on and on indefinitely. In a society, development of any kind requires infrastructure which is in the forté of the Civil Engineer. Therefore, how can sustainability be defined from the Civil Engineer’s point of view? The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) defines sustainability as “A set ...

Question 1

Hot-Mix Asphalt Concrete (HMAC) is an energy intensive civil engineering material. According to the Environmental Life-Cycle Assessment studies done on the production of the Hot-Mix Asphalt shows that the process of mixing asphalt and drying of aggregates consumes more energy than the energy required in the extraction of crude oil and bitumen distillation. This aspect is unsustainable since the energy is primarily obtained from fossil fuels (70 to 80% of natural gas is used to produce Asphalt) which are non-renewable energy sources. One way of mediating this shortcoming is to obtain the energy from renewable sources such as solar, ...

INTRODUCTION

Baghouse filters are fabric filter units consisting of one or more isolated sections containing an array of fabric bags (Vatavuk, 1998). Shapes of these bags range from round, flat, tube-shaped, to pleated cartridges. In theory, gas containing high particulate matter level passes through the fabric bag surface. The particulate matter is retained while the cleaned gas is either recycled to the process or vented off the exhaust. This paper attempts to discuss the different concepts behind baghouse filters in relation to environmental engineering. Specifically, this paper discusses (a) particle pollution, (b) baghouse filter principle, (c) filter media selection, (d) types of ...

Introduction

Emission of the toxic substance by industries is common all over the world. Toxic substances are emitted daily by industries and anthropogenic activities. Toxic substances are categorized into three categories namely organic, inorganic and metallic compounds. Examples of organic, inorganic and metallic compounds are methane, sulfate and mercury respectively. There have been reports of these substances having negative effects on the environment. Substances like methane are responsible for increased atmospheric temperature. Sulfates affect soil. Sulfates combine with atmospheric water to form acid water. Acid water has a negative effect of soil and microorganism living in it. Mercury, on the other ...

Summary

Ground transport forms the central nervous system of any economy. It facilitates transport of goods that drives an economy, while also facilitating transport of people. The purpose of transport can be either commercial, business, or for pleasure.

Program

Development of ground transport infrastructure requires vast expanse of real estate as well as creation of temporary support infrastructure while building the ground transport systems. This also consumes enormous amount of raw materials like cement, coarse and fine aggregates, steel, while other inputs like diesel, heavy engineering equipment and extensive labour are the requirements. For the purpose of this paper ground transport ...

Abstract

Operations management is one of the central organizational functions, irrespectively of the field in which the company operations, producing goods or services. One of the most complex and, at the same time, intuitive concept in operations management is the transformation process, where the inputs turn into outputs and are delivered to the clients (Maagretta 1998). It is evident that transformation process is extremely important for the companies and it is influenced by a number of internal and external factors. An example of the waste recycling process demonstrates the relationships of the transformation process and tactical and strategic organizational levels ...

Rail construction is a sequence of steps that takes laborious amounts of time in each step and finally results in a wonderful and safe system for transport for many decades to come that requires minimal maintenance over that period. The first step in the construction process is the approval for new line itself. This is typically the responsibility of the government to do it. Once a approval is given for rail connectivity between two points then the role of engineering kicks in. The first step in the process is the alignment. Alignment is nothing but the path in which the track ...

Introduction.

Offshore oil drilling and affiliated technological advances have long been considered to be the driving force of the oil industry, the backbone of our economy. In a fast technologically evolving age, the oil industry has not been left out. That is continuing to affect demand and supply of energy as seen in the past. The industry has been seen to involve complex processing of big data gathered at the various stages of oil production: exploration, discovering and it is processing. Petroleum science is steadily evolving from traditional under-developed geology to highly advanced super computer 3D calculations and analysis of the ...

Introduction

Cornwell Performance Products Company herein find themselves in a very precarious position. They have an opportunity to balance their options in the conflict with the EPA and also with Epsilon or lose out completely in their business which, according to the available information, has been thriving well. The opportunity concerns their negotiations with Epsilon and keeping up to EPA demands. Before interrogating the negotiation plan, it is important to discuss some of the essentials of negotiation so that the negotiation plan becomes easier to draft. It should be remembered that negotiation is one of the Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanisms and, ...

Concrete is the most economical building material that can withstand high compressive strength, but cannot exhibit sufficient tensile forces. On the other hand, steel is considered a good building material in the context of tensile strength. It can withstand tensile strength much more than concrete. A properly designed concrete building structure hold increased strength and ductility even in areas prone to seismic conditions. The performance of buildings during an earthquake depends mainly on design instead of the material used in the process of construction. In conducting comparison between concrete and steel buildings, on can find benefits in both types of ...

Senate Bill 4.

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS Btus British thermal units CA California CASB 4 California Senate Bill 4 Chapt. Chapter CIPA California Independent Petroleum Association EIA Energy Information Agency MWh Megawatt hours SB Senate Bill Sect. Section US United States USA United States of America USGS United States Geological Survey Introduction On Friday, September 20, 2013 California Governor Jerry Brown signed into law the Senate Bill 4 (CASB 4) that sets up the organization of a permitting system for hydraulic fracking using the technique of fossil fuel well drilling ...

Introduction

An estimate of 861 billion tons of coal deposits exist worldwide. According to the present rate of production, this amount can last for 112 yrs contrary to the oil and gas reserves that will last for fewer years approximately 45 to 54. Several countries in the world have coal reserves found in the biggest ones are China, Russia, USA and India. To prove recoverable reserves, engineers drill on the ground hence technically and economically extractable. In contemporary times, reaching peak coal is questionable due to fall in the ratio of reserves to production. The point when there is ...

Aditya Birla group

Executive Summary The Aditya Birla Group is one of India’s leading business groups that is also renowned for its adherence to strict traditional values. The company has followed a strategy of diversification and dilution of risk since its inception and continues to do so today. While its approach towards HR and personnel management was highly orthodox, the company is now in a state of a conscious change towards a more liberal HRM policy, encouraging innovation, empowerment and entrepreneurship amongst its workforce. This paper traces the strategy of diversification followed by the AV Birla Group and its current product portfolio. It will ...

Introduction

The Foreign Sovereign Immunity Act is a law that has been codified in the United States that was specifically made to establish the grounds and limitations as to whether a foreign entity, or a foreign sovereign nation at that, can be charged and be subject to trial in a U.S. federal or state court . Apart from being a common legal ground for various legal cases that mostly involve multi-national entities or those that have different international origins, the Foreign Sovereign Immunity Act (FISA) may also be used as a strong basis—in fact, in many legal cases, it the Act is being used as the sole ...

1. Concrete invention Roman technology is engineering practice that supported the Roman civilization resulting to expansion of its commerce and military for almost a thousand years. The Roman architecture has endured for more than 2000 years due to the way the Romans perfected use of three architectural elements; concrete, arch and vaults. These elements helped in lightening the loads that the Roman structures carried resulting to a strong and stable structure. Concrete was first created through building a form and later pouring in alternate layers of rocks, Roman casement, gravel or bricks. As each of the layers was poured and spread, the ...

Engineering

Abstract Continuous Flight Augers (CFA) require special expertise to construct but done properly they are economical and very successful for areas with inconsistent load carrying capacities. Examples include using CFA pilings for guard rails, highway reinforcement, highway junction improvements and buildings. The CFA pilings are similar to driven and bored piles but offer different advantages when working in good to marginal soils and in projects where the load capacity needs vary. An auger with a hollow tube is used to bore the hole and then when the auger tip reaches the final depth concrete is added as the auger ...

Article review: Pepper and partnerships

This article focuses on the journeys of Abraham bin Yiju, (1120-1160CE), a Jewish trader born in Tunisia. Trade in this time was quite advanced as can be seen in this chapter, Abraham used to trade in spices from Asia to Africa and the Mediterranean coast. Trade was mainly learnt through apprenticeships and Abraham was no exception as he was sent by his father to an apprenticeship for six years at the hands of a prominent trader Mahmud Ibn Bandar who was later to be his important partner in trade. The use of introduction letters by traders to other traders was ...

Introduction

The Washington Monument was constructed to honor the memory of the first president of the United States of America - George Washington. The process of construction itself was long and took place from 1848 to 1884, depending on multiple factors including disagreements on the monument’s look, construction difficulties, financial crisis, and finally, the Civil War.

Project history

A decision to honor the first president of the US by erecting a monument in his name can be traced back to August 1783, when Congress unanimously agreed on building of an equestrian statue of George Washington. The exact construction site was not chosen ...

The Great Wall of China is an extremely significant item of art with exemplary features that would make any artist outstanding if he or she was able to fit extensive elements like color, shape, space and symbolism as show in the wall. One of the main artists who engaged in painting the wall is William Simpson who was from Scotland. Simpson was born in Glasgow in an extremely poor background. Simpson is an extremely unique artist of his time. He was born in 1823 and died in 1899 (Simpson, 2007). Simpson went to school in Perth, where he ...