Essays on Non-Proliferation

Usage of Nuclear Weapons in Legal Way Under Humanitarian Law

The legality of the usage of the nuclear weapons is the question of the fierce debate lasting for years. In fact, the usage of nuclear weapons from the political or economical concerns poses the risks to the living of the human. In this regard, the introduction of this type of weapon is deliberately controlled for the prevention of the possible harm to the life of the human on earth. In order to determine the legality of the usage of nuclear weapons, the author suggest to dwell on its notion provided in the current humanitarian legislation. The nuclear weapon represents ...

Assignment

Nuclear War The massive stockpiles of nuclear weapons in the world are supposedly built on the premise that no sane person would use them, and that they are required for deterrence. However, so long as a single nuclear weapon exists, there is a chance for an error, and accident or even a deliberate action for it to be used. Therefore, in the current scenario, where tactical nuclear weapons are being deployed in Pakistan, terrorists are becoming increasingly inventive, and security codes and protocols in place in major nations are not foolproof, the possibility of nuclear war is inevitable (Hellman). ...

International Law

The process leading to adoption of a definition of aggression in internationals has involved different stakeholders. Various parties have participated in creating a working definition of this legal process. Some of the sources that have been involved in creating a definition of aggression are the states, international bodies, international law, and scholars. However, as noted each party provides its own definition based on the suitability of each function within the legal system. The development made by these parties in finding the definition might affect the emergence of an acceptable definition of aggression under the international law. Aggression under international ...

Iran’s nuclear program is one of the most controversial issues that concern many nations, especially its neighboring Arab countries, Turkey, and Israel. Iran agreed to repudiate its ownership of weapons of mass destruction that includes chemical and biological weapons through various treaties. Iran has also ratified the NPT or the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (Federation of American Scientist), which made Iran’s nuclear program a subject to IAEA’s verification. Iran’s nuclear program was initially cancelled right after the revolution in 1979, but it was revived during the latter part of war with Iraq in 1988. It has ...

The Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America (Treaty of Tlatelolco), which now also includes all states in the Caribbean just turned 40 years since signature in 1967. Its importance as a model for other non-nuclear areas, is constant to peace and international securities contribution, which stood and continue placing today in the center of the political and legal interest. Its parallelism with the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) but without Latin American treaty has affected the principle of legal equality of States and has not been an expression of "unequal rights and ...

The Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) Treaty refers to an international treaty that its main objective is the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons technology and nuclear weapons. This is with an aim to promotion cooperation in the use of nuclear energy in peaceful ways and to achieve nuclear disarmament. It was signed 1968, and its enforcement started in 1970. The life of the Treaty was in 1995 extended indefinitely. As of date, the Treaty has been joined by 190 parties. This includes five nuclear-weapon states (Black-Branch, & Dieter, 22). The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) was established in ...

In order to show how the possession of atomic weapons influences the strength of the United States in the world developments and the outcome of many processes in which the United States as a nuclear power state was taking part it is vital to dig a little bit deeper into the prehistory of the United States’ acquisition of the nuclear weapons. It is important in order to understand why it was significant for the state to acquire such weapon in the first place and what international developments led the state to the decision to. For the foreign policy of ...

Since the end of the Second World War in 1945, nuclear technology became rampant throughout the globe as they realized the potential of such technology for both energy production and warfare. Several nations had developed their nuclear programs to cement their capabilities to the world and discover new methods on how nuclear power can be reduced. While the proliferation of nuclear arms and power had decreased significantly, there were nations that broke away from such norm and continued with their nuclear programs despite the criticism from the international community. One of these unrecognized nuclear states is Iran, which is ...

UN POSITION ON NUCLEAR WEAPONS

There are more than two dozen countries of the world that have nuclear power, however, only a few have nuclear weapons and few are suspected of making nuclear weapons. During the cold war era between US and USSR, nuclear arms race was the most alarming feature as both the super powers rapidly built up their stockpiles of nuclear weapons. Later when both realized, there would be devastation caused by nuclear weapons, they embarked upon a number of agreements for reduction in the number of nuclear weapons. Efforts were speeded up after disintegration of the USSR; however, the issues remained a major challenge ...

Introduction

Freedman’s commentary of nuclear deterrence being, C’est magnifique, mais ce n’est pas la stratégie or ‘It is magnificent, but it is not strategy’ in English, may have been coined from the famous remark of French Marshal Pierre Bosquet while watching the British light cavalry wipe itself out in The Charge of the Light Brigade at Balaclava in the Crimean War of 1854 in which he exclaimed, “C'est Magnifique, Mais Ce N'est Pas La Guerre” or ‘It is magnificent, but it is not war’. In a similar note, Freedman is implying that the possession of nuclear weapons ...

Yemen is facing internal conflicts of rebels who want to topple the government. The country is also facing hostile relationships with a number of Asian countries such as Iran and Kuwait. The country is accusing the Iran government of supplying the rebels with weapons and other military aids. Thus, the relation between the two countries is intense. Iran is in the process of setting up nuclear weapons and other chemical weapons of mass destruction facilities. Yemen, however, does not oppose Iran having nuclear weapons as long as it’s for peaceful purposes (Fulton et al., 2011). On the other hand, ...

Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) (1968) The Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty was entered into signature in 1968 and came into force in the 1970 (Denza, 2005). The purpose of the NPT was solely based on the need to promote the proper use of nuclear energy and to reduce the spread and use of nuclear weapons globally. The need to have a peaceful world, away from the threat of nuclear wars and invasions led to a global call common approach in curbing the spread of nuclear weapons. It was deemed as an amicable solution to prevent the ...

Iran’s nuclear program development attracts massive international response and more prominence in USA, Britain and other foreign governments and the entire public. The dispute poses major fundamental questions about the nuclear non-proliferation regime given that its result could have a major negative effect on the regional and international security. The news media reporting is the one majorly entrusted with the role of providing a public understanding of most foreign affairs and in this case, the Iran’s nuclear program development. The news media play an essential role in framing the public’s understanding on various matters of interest. The news ...

Nuclear arms reduction is one of the most important and imperative agenda that agencies like UNO (United Nations Organization) and IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) vie for. Modern and developed countries like UK and US have realized the potential dangers of a nuclear-armed world and have been quite explicit and vociferous in their efforts towards nuclear arms reduction. Nuclear arms reduction as a phenomenon has traversed and travelled a long journey of almost half a decade with partial success. Though a nuclear war is not an imminent danger to the world now, it cannot be ruled out. The main aim of ‘nuclear arms free’ ...

Section 1

Nuclear Iran or Nuclear armed Iran has been a much source of debate off late. There have been different reactions from different lobbies to the Tehran’s much-feared nuclear program. Deliberations and talks on the topic have been going on between P5+1 countries and Iran to reach an amicable solution. While P5+1 countries led by US claim that Tehran already possesses nuclear weapons, Tehran has constantly declined the accusations and said that its nuclear program is only for peaceful purposes and to ensure the power security in the nation. The secretive nature of Tehran’s nuclear program makes ...

Socio-Political Impact of Nuclear Power

The debate on the usability and safety of nuclear power has returned back to the limelight due to the on-going issue in Japan's Fukushima Nuclear Plant, and the growing number of nations trying to accumulate nuclear power for their national interest. Nuclear power remains as a crucial topic of national importance for many nations since the discussions for nuclear proliferation and disarmament took place after the Second World War. However, some nations had retained its use for electricity and for other applicable sciences. With the debate on nuclear power back due to the countries trying to harness such volatile power, ...

Introduction & Background

Since the onset of the 2000s, possible nuclear arms race in the Middle East region has been the focus of the international community. The past decade saw Iran attempts to install nuclear weaponry face harsh criticism and opposition from the western powers. The west believes that if the Persian state succeeds, the already volatile Middle East would be a threat against international peace. Presently, according to intelligence reports, Israel is believed to possess nuclear weaponry though the current regime led by Benjamin Netanyahu continues to deny this. The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty does not recognize Israel as a Nuclear Weapon State because ...

Abstract August 21, 2010 was the date set for nuclear fuel to be weighed down to the first reactor at Bushehr. This was an announcement by the Russian Federal Atomic Energy Agency. The action would make the Bushehr resource be approved as a procedural power plant. The transfer of fuel to the facility was approximated to take a week. Bushehr fissile resource interested a number of controversies the United States inclusive. The reactor was designed with Russian specifications despite an agreement to be the central of a German-designed counter. At Bushehr, two reactors were present; one at its advanced stage of ...