Essays on Fever

The human papillomavirus is an infection that is sexually transmitted. This disease widespread with the men and women that are sexually very active and hence, they are exposed to this critical virus at some point in their life . The spread of this virus is common in the United States of America, where there are more than 14 million new cases of HPV every year. There are more than 40 viral strands of HPV that most commonly impact the genitals . This virus is passed through skin to skin contact during the intercourse or any other form of contact with the ...

Pathophysiology of Rheumatic Fever

Introduction Rheumatic Fever (RF) is the type of inflammatory disease that can develop due to untreated or inadequately treated throat infection (scarlet fever or strep throat) caused by a type of bacteria known as streptococcus (Carapetis, McDonald & Wilson, 2005). This paper is going to cover pathophysiology of the Rheumatic Fever. It will begin with the symptoms associated with RF. A description of mechanisms or processes that take place in a person infected with RF will be described. This will be followed by a discussion of the causes of RF. There is a section dedicated to the pathophysiology of RF ...

The Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is one of the most recent epidemics in Western Africa. People fear this type of disease due to its contagious characteristic and high mortality rate. The EVD is caused by the groups of Ebola viruses and it could affect humans and several species of primates. In 2015, there are more than 28,000 cases of EVD reported in West Africa which resulted to more than 11,000 deaths (Uyeki et al. np). Challenges to combat the effects of this epidemic have been the major barriers in West Africa such as lack of resources and ...

Introduction

The Ebola virus has existed for centuries. Like all life forms and viruses, it has been changing and adapting since the beginning of time to survive. Despite this the disease did not make itself known until the twentieth century. However, once the virus revealed itself only three major outbreaks have occurred. There were two in 1976 and one which took started in 2014 (CDC, 2015). The latest outbreak has been the longest and worst, effecting numerous countries such as, Mali, Nigeria, Liberia and Senegal in West Africa (CDC, 2015). This paper will look at the scientific aspects of the ...

Amoxicillin: A Review of Two Articles

The purpose of this paper is two examine two studies on the topic of the efficacy of amoxicillin or amoxicillin clavulanate as treatments for otitis media. The paper will describe the two studies, point out the major differences, and concludes with speculation as to why one study recommends the broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic whereas the other recommends a wait and see approach.

Design of the Studies

Both the Dutch study, Damoiseaux et al. (2000), and the Finnish study, Tahtinen et al. (2011), used a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled design to test the efficacy of amoxicillin or amoxicillin clavulanate. The inclusionary criteria in the Damoiseaux ...

Diagnosis

The diagnosis that can be made from the symptoms of the patient is community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). CAP is a severe disease of the lungs that occurs in people who do not have regular access to health care services. The risk factors of CAP include old age and medical comorbidities. CAP has been defined as comprising of chest pain, productive cough, fatigue, shortness of breath, fever, sweating and shaking chills (Musher, & Thorner, 2014). Bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumonia, atypical organisms such as Mycoplasma pneumonia, fungi, and viruses may cause pneumonia.

Gram Staining

The sputum taken from the lungs after a deep cough ...

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC.gov, 2017), malaria is contracted from the bite from a specific type of mosquito. A dangerous and sometimes fatal disease, symptoms of mild malaria include chills, high fever, and other signs similar to the flu; severe malaria results in organ failure and is a medical emergency. Even though malaria is a serious threat, it is treatable and preventable. There are approximately 1500 cases of malaria diagnosed annually in the United States. Most of the cases originate in people traveling from countries where malaria is present, such as South Asia and ...

Effect heat has on nociceptors

Nociceptors are pain receptors activated by neuropathic or nociceptive stimuli released during pain towards impending or actual tissue injury (Dubin, 2010). Nociceptors frequently are related to the perception of pain are evoked when the pressure and temperature are at a level considered extreme that can cause injuries to tissues and secondly by toxic molecule and inflammatory mediators. In most instances, these injuries concentrate on one section of the skin, blocking the flow of blood. Heat or cold assists in subsecond somatopic withdrawal response the two act as stimuli to depolarize outer terminals resulting in the production of the receptor ...

Abstract

Rose hip (Rosa Canina), often cultivated for its fruits, are orange-red oval berries, which seeds (including shells) are used in supporting the treatment of bladder infection, diarrhea, diabetes, and related conditions often in the form of a 3-g powdered seeds capsule. Its seed oil contains ascorbic acid, carotenoids, polyphenols, and GOPO, which reduces inflammation and pain, and lowers inflammatory markers. Extraction methods used include solvent extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, and subcritical fluid extraction. Licensed rose hip supplement products include Hyben Vital and LitoZin/i-flex. Hyben Vital dosage is twice daily for 3 to 4 months to reduce osteoarthritic pain and ...

ABSTRACT

There are so many things in the world that can make people very sick and in some cases can claim their lives. That being said if there are ways to avoid sickness then it should be embraced. Foodborne illnesses are all too common in modern society. Again, they are very common, but also highly preventable. If businesses and the general public dedicate themselves to greater efforts in food safety then these illnesses would never really be a threat. Understanding foodborne illness better it is best to look at some of the most common sources of foodborne illness, including Salmonella, ...

[Writer Nаme] [Supervisor Nаme] [Dаte]

I underwent a recent event which was quite traumatic in the beginning but turned out to be positive and peaceful at the end. We went to the mountainous area to enjoy the winter season and to witness the snowfall with the entire family. We were driving ourself in our own cars rather than hiring the public transportation or private pool cars. This was a long journey which required a lot of stamina and patience because it was a long drive for the men that they were not used to doing. We ...

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS

Background: Clinical Description

The disease causing agent, Coccioides spp., causes a wide range of illness, but these illness are mostly determined by the hosts' defenses, inoculum size and possibly specific organism virulence. Most of the clinical infections (about 60%) show few or no respiratory symptoms. However, the rest 40% may show symptoms of illness that may either be acute or sub-acute. The illness could range from progressive pneumonia to flu-like conditions. Misdiagnosis usually occurs in self-limited community-acquired pneumonia. According to Saubolle, McKeller & Sussland (2007), only 29% of 56 people who had community-acquired pneumonia were diagnosed of coccidioidomycosis. The exact ...

Rocky mountain spotted fever is tick-borne infection. In endemic areas, the prevalence of the diseases is 15 per 100,000 persons. The disease is characterized by sudden onset of fever and headache. It is caused by gram-negative intracellular bacteria Rickettsia rickettsii. The bacteria have a high predisposition for the endothelial cell. Actin protein polymerization in the cells is important for the spread of bacteria from one cell to another. (Raoult & Parola, 2007) The bacteria cause lymphohistiocytic vasculitis and necrosis of the infected cells. It typically takes 5-7 days from the day of tick bite to the onset of symptoms. ...

During the second week, the CRP analysis was performed in the class. Blood testing for C-reactive protein aids in the rapid identification and verification of the progress and effectiveness of the treatment of infections, injuries and inflammation. The analysis was conducted to determine the acute infectious diseases, to monitor the effectiveness of treatment of chronic diseases (amyloidosis), monitor the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment (pneumonia, septicemia, neonatal sepsis, meningitis, etc.) (Arinzon Z. et al., 2011, p.365). In addition, it helps to define the determination of the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with atherosclerosis, diabetes but also on chronic hemodialysis ...

Introduction

Zika virus also termed as ZIKV is a known to have gained worldwide attention, especially in the USA, South East Asia, and Australia. The Zika belongs to the Flaviviridae family which comes under the genus Flavivirus (Wikan & Smith. 2016). The Zika virus is spread though day time mosquitoes belonging to the Aedes family. Some of the most common mosquitoes to contain and spread Zika include A. aegypti and A. albopictus. The name of Zika originated in 1947 where it was first isolated from the Zika forest in Uganda. Based on evidence, the Zika virus was associated with varying viral ...

The paper differentiates endocarditis from meningitis. Besides, it offers a description of transmission, signs, symptoms, at risk groups, treatments, as well as prognosis of these two diseases. Endocarditis denotes a disease of the heart’s valves or chambers inner lining (Chan, & Embil, 2006). On the contrary, meningitis denotes meninges’ inflammation (Shmaefsky & Babcock, 2010). Meninges is a collective term for pia mater, dura mater, as well as arachnoid mater, which are membranes covering the brain as well as spinal cord (Shmaefsky & Babcock, 2010).

Transmission of Endocarditis and Meningitis

Endocarditis results when fungi, bacteria, or other pathogens invade the bloodstream and infect abnormal regions of the ...

Ebola virus disease, formerly described as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, refers to a severe illness that is usually deadly in humans. Wild animals transmit the virus to human populations where it spreads through direct contact with infected bodily fluids. Typically, the disease has a fatality rate of nearly 50% with past outbreak cases recording fatality rates ranging between 25% and 90% (World Health Organization (WHO), 2016). For example, an Ebola epidemic in West Africa reported in 2014 caused global panic because it was “the largest and most complex Ebola outbreak since the Ebola virus was first discovered” (WHO, 2016). In ...

History of Psychology in Autobiography by Robert Yerkes, was an interesting read filled with insight. Personally, I found much of the overall writing style to be dry and lacking in narrative quality. It was stale and difficult to get through. However, this was not the general point of the reading and, if one kept this in mind and focused on the material, it made the reading more enjoyable. I must say I agree that the author’s father sounds like a bad influence, but I cannot understand why an individual who chose psychobiology as a career and studied it ...

This paper will look at love, sex and gender within the backdrop of postmodernism, existentialism and orientalism in the novels The Women of Algiers in Their Apartment by Assia Djebar, Foam of the Daze by Boris Vian and The Lover by Marguerite Duras. In the novels love/ and sex are shown as something that a woman has no control over, something that destroys due to its intensity, and something that forever changes a person, respectively. While gender is seen as being something that disenfranchises women in a male dominant, unequal society and something that can destroy a man if ...

Patient initials: MK Age: 60 Sex: M

Care Plan Subjective MK, the patient presents with a chief complaint of decreased urinary flow but has also had troublesome nocturia for the last two weeks as well as significant terminal dysuria. History of present illness: Patients states that in the past day he has had significant difficulties especially in starting his urine flow and this has affected his ability to enrage in normal daily activities. Patient denies radiating pain. Patient history: Patient has had a history of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, costochondritis, as well as suspected angina characterized by chest wall syndrome which was however treated.

Significant family history: There is also a probable positive family history for cardiovascular or heart diseases

Objective: Patient is a ...

Care Plan

Subjective The patient presents at the clinic complaining of nocturia, decreased urinary flow, decreased flow as well as terminal dysuria. TG states that the symptoms have been persistent for the last two years but the last two weeks have seen a significant increase in intensity of the symptoms. TG denies any case or instance of radiated pain within the period of two weeks,

Objective:

60 year old, Hispanic male

Vital signs: BP at 140/92;

Pulse rate: 80; Temperature: 99.0 Weight = 200 pounds; height = 71”, BMI = 27.9

Patient Hx for hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, costochondritis, suspected angina, possible family history of heart disease in the family

Patient denies any use of alcohol, tobacco, or drug abuse Current medication list: Cardizem 240mg QD and Zocor 20mg ...

Introduction

Osteoarthritis of the knee also known as the degenerative arthritis is a major and growing problem for the elder population all over the globe. Approximately, 27 million individuals have been reported to suffer from osteoarthritis by the Arthritis Foundation in United States (US). Women have been more commonly reported to suffer from osteoarthritis as compared to men. The prevalence of developing arthritis has been found to increase after the age of 45 . Although, mostly elderly population are most affected yet there are few evidences of young people suffering from it. Osteoarthritis is also commonly defined as wear- and- tear ...

Pokémon Go is a smartphone game application that presents the players with an augmented reality gaming experience. Pokémon Go is a relatively new smartphone application that took the world by storm recently. The augmented reality in Pokémon Go allows users to catch Pokémon through their phone cameras. In a typical case, the game is played through the user’s camera in any location they may be at any time. Since a user can only be at one location at any one time, the game provides the user with opportunities to catch a ‘Pokémon’. Poké ...

Introduction

Malaria is caused by a mosquitoes’ bite that carries a Plasmodium parasite. Malaria’s symptoms are: shivering, fever, headache, chills, and sweating malaise. Malaria can turn out to be life threatening to infants, elderly or people with low immunity (Better Health Channel, 2015). Typically, malaria is transmitted through infected Anopheles mosquito’s bite. After the bite, Plasmodium parasite is released into the bloodstream. It takes 2 to 3 days for the parasites inside RBC (red blood cells) to multiply and causes infected cells of the individual to burst open. Malaria can also spread through an infected mother as she ...

An issue that has been a main concern in politics has been climate change and of course global warming. Everyone wants to know if the activities of humans are changing the climate. They also want to know if it is possible they will encounter more serious disasters. However, it is difficult to provide answers as their concerns are quite challenging to those who are responsible for solving them. But it is important for all those that have concerns to understand that many new things are happening that were not predicted in the early 20th century. This is why I ...

Detailed Outline

I. Abstract

A. Brief summary of the project

What is Ebola Where Ebola originated and the causes for it In this respect, J. Boulton states that Ebola was “up until now a little known tropical disease”. (Boulton, 2015) The purpose is to show why the Ebola has evolved from the unknown disease to an epidemic that swept all over Africa and threatened the rest of the world.

Studies conducted on Ebola and why they are important.

II. Introduction Ebola is a dangerous disease, also known as Ebola virus disease(EVD) or Ebola hemorrhagic fever. It is caused in humans by ebolaviruses. The main symptoms of the disease involve vomiting and diarrhea as well as ...

The Nurse’s Role during an Infectious or Communicable Disease Outbreak

Nurses have a crucial role in the management of all forms of diseases in a hospital setting. However, there are instances when they are called upon to the field to apply their expertise in managing the spread of the diseases at the community level through clinical interventions such as vaccinations. Nurses are very important human resource personnel in the health sector, and thus there is the need to recognize their efforts in making the world a better place. The paper shall discus the study a pattern of a communicable disease and the role of nurses in managing its outbreak ...

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Heart is one of the most important part of the body. It performs many vital functions that are essential for life. Without the functioning of heart there is no life. Heart is also considered as the pumping organ of the body. The main function of heart is to pump the blood throughout the body ("The Heart (Human Anatomy): Picture, Definition, Location In The Body, And Heart Problems"). Inside the body blood is considered as the most important mean of transport of oxygen ...

Abstract

The current paper is dedicated to the research and analysis of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Within the scope of this research, the overview of the disease, its causes and symptoms as well as diagnosis and treatments are covered. This virus cannot be fully treated, but it can be controlled so that the late stages would be prevented. This virus stays in the organism of the infected person forever. It that can be transmitted in several ways, especially through sexual contact with an infected person. The treatment process begins as soon as the presence of HIV virus has been ...

BT an 8 year old boy was presented for check-up after developing nasal congestion, sneezing and coughing. According to her mother, the boy has been developing these symptoms regularly after play or when the house is being dusted. A differential diagnosis pointed to a huge possibility of allergic rhinitis or common cold. Nonetheless, based on subjective assessment and physical examination, common cold was ruled out since the patient was afebrile, hence ruling out the possibility of an infection. As such, the primary diagnosis for this patient was allergic rhinitis and according to Greiner et al. (2012), allergic rhinitis or ...

Policy Number: 7.0

Section: Health _________________________________________________________________________ Policy: This is a child care facility for children free from illness, only. Parents are responsible for familiarizing themselves with the illness policies, while the teachers are responsible for enforcing these policies and maintaining a healthy child care environment for all.

Procedure:

A child showing symptoms of sickness, or cannot participate in activities throughout a normal day, cannot be brought to the child care facility. The teacher is responsible for the following procedures:

A visual inspection at drop-off will screen the child for the following symptoms:

Fever: temperature of 101°F orally or 102°F rectally. Fever, plus additional symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, earache, rash, or confusion. Diarrhea: production ...

Sore throat is one of the most common medical problems being encountered by people. In terms of prevalence, it is comparable to flu (influenza) and cough. Aside from the discomfort and in more severe cases, pain, that it causes, sore throat may also disrupt a person’s life. A person who has a sore throat, for example, would most likely have a concomitant fever as this usually accompanies medical problems that are associated with infection. Having fever can prevent a person from going to work and or fulfilling his daily responsibilities. So, despite the fact that sore throat is ...

In the last years of the 1970s, there was global concern over the discovery of a deadly virus that resulted in outbreaks of a hemorrhagic fever in West Africa (Peters & LeDuc, 1999). The high rate of death and the contagious nature of the disease was a cause of concern to the international medical community and researchers combined efforts to discover the cause, etiology, effective therapies, and methods of control of what would come to be known as the Ebola virus. Although there have been few cases reported outside West Africa, the potential for the spread of the disease prompts ...

The 2-year child has complaints of the ear that have deprived him of sleep due to the associated pain. There are two possible diagnosis in this case; on one hand the patient could be having a swimmer’s ear condition also known as the acute otitis externa which usually a condition that causes, inflammation, irritation as well as infection on the ear canal that runs from the eardrum to the external region of the ear (Burns, Dunn, Brady, Starr & Blosser, 2013). The condition is characterized by the production of an odorless clear discharge from the ear which can advance ...

Osteomyelitis is a serious bone infection, occurring rarely, that metastasizes to the bone through the bloodstream. Additionally, surgery or open fracture can also cause the bone infection. Normally, bones do have enough resistance power to evade the infection, but the introduction of microorganisms hematogenously from surrounding structures or direct immunization concerning a surgery can trigger the disease. The persistence of infection for a long time span is referred to as chronic osteomyelitis. Studies over the years have put forward some important factors in the pathogenesis of the disease. These include immunity level of the host, type and location of ...

Roseola also known as exanthema subitum or Sixth disease is a viral infection caused by human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) common in infants and young children. The pathognomonic sign of roseola infantum is the development of acute high fever and febrile seizure. Commonly after defervescence, a rubelliform eruption or rash occurs. A clinical exam is needed to diagnose roseola and the treatment is symptomatic (Caserta, 2014). To patients who are immunosuppressed, HHV-6 is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. HHV-6B can also cause CNS disease in these immunocompromised patients ("Roseola Infantum", 2016).

Pathophysiology

The transmission of the HHV-6 is airborne, ...

In children, the presentation of a rash and a fever as in the case with this 24-month old patient is not normally a cause for concern and the early arrival at the clinic helps limit the spread of these symptoms to serious cases (Jarvis, 2015). In such instances, there are three major classifications; on in which the patient presents with a serious illness and may require immediate treatment, second where the viral syndromes are easily recognizable and manageable and third where there occurs an undifferentiated rash. In this patient, the rash and fever can be classified within the second ...

Question 1

It is evident that particulate matter is becoming increasingly concentrated in Asia as reported by WHO. Power plants, dust storms, fossil fuels burning in vehicles as well as various industrial facilities result in highly significant amounts of particulates in the Asian continent. People in countries such as Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, and Nepal are prone to and in most cases suffer from aggravating respiratory and heart diseases such as emphysema, bronchitis, and asthma. Bronchitis, characterized by coughing up of dry mucus which is sometimes colored, is an inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes that carry air to the ...

Definition:

Ebola virus, well known for its hemorrhagic effects produced inside as well as outside of body. This virus progresses with bleeding, which leads to organ failure and if not treated properly can also cause death. ("Ebola virus and Marburg virus - Mayo Clinic", 2016). Ebola is also termed as Ebola Hemorrhagic fever because of its hemorrhagic property and it is also known to cause the death of 90% effected people ("Ebola Virus: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention", 2016). There are 5 strains of this virus and four of them are known to cause deadly symptoms like hemorrhage. Ebola have its ...

Introduction

Science has made a systematic process to solve a certain problem. It is more commonly known as the scientific method. This method is very suitable for processes such as experimentation because this will enable an individual to determine the cause-and-effect relationship of the phenomenon that is being tested (Science Buddies, n.d). For further definition, the steps in the scientific method are generally consisted of creating a specific question, then doing a background check related to the question. Afterwards, a hypothesis, or an educated guess, will be formulated which will then be tested through experimentation. After experimentation, the data that ...

This article entitled Urban Pollution- Many Long Years Ago is an intriguing reminder of humanities ongoing struggle with the pollution of their major cities. This article shows how humanities necessity to colonize and industrialize a particularly profitable location inevitably leads to contamination of this area. This article analyzes some of America's largest cities Boston, Chicago, Columbus, Detroit, Milwaukee, and New York. It shows society's progression from the excessive use of the horse as a means of personal and commercial transportation; to the utilization of the automobile for these same purposes, and more, from 1850 to 1920's. This article identifies ...

Dr. Victor Babes and discovery of Babesiosis

Babesiosis also known as piroplasmosis is a tick- borne disease, which is an emerging intra- erythrocytic parasitic infection in human. The parasite first known to affect only cattle but later was found in other mammals as well. The parasite was later found to affect humans as well. The severity of the disease caused by this parasite can range from mild- to moderate- to severe, i.e., causing death by organ failure. Till date approximately 100 species of the Babesia genus has been identified yet only a few has been suggested to be pathogenic in humans. The symptoms more or less ...

In the 1940’s, scientists in Uganda discovered a breathtakingly beautiful forest on the edge of Lake Victoria, near Entebbe. The Zika Forest, originally spelled Ziika meaning “overgrown” in the local language, proved to be a valuable resource to virologists studying all varieties of disease (Kron, 2016). The Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI) of Entebbe established a protection program for the forest in order to maintain a satellite location for extended research studies. Research here in 1947 revealed the first detection of its namesake, the Zika virus (Aggarwal et al, 2016). Initially isolated in a Rhesus monkey, the Zika ...

1) Population growth and overpopulation is one of the major problems of every developing country. The factors that influence population growth are: a) Women getting married at early ages lead to a high birth rate. b) Provision of health benefits to children, women and the elderly have contributed to decreased mortality rate, and thus increased birth rate. c) Lack of family planning contributes to increased birth greatly. According to census, The United States population as on June 11, 2016 is 323,747,258 with one birth in every eight seconds, one death in every seconds and one international migrant ...

Introduction

The Zika virus causes an illness known as Zika virus disease (Zika). The transmission of Zika virus occurs via the bite of an Aedes mosquito that is infected (CDC, 2016). Zika belongs to the genre Flavivirus and the WHO (2015) has identified it as “an emerging mosquito-borne virus.” The virus causes a mild illness that lasts a few days to a week (CDC, 2016; WHO, 2016). Thus, many people with the disease do not seek medical help. However, the greatest concern associated with Zika is microcephaly. This birth defect results from a Zika infection during pregnancy. This defect is ...

Analysis of Diseases

Overview Chikungunya (CHIK) refers to a re-emerging arboviral disease transmitted by the mosquitos Aedes aegypty and Aedes albopictus (Pialoux 318). The virus belongs to the genus Alphavirus and family Togaviridae. The word chikungunya derives from Makonde language (spoken in Tanzania and northern Mozambique), where it means “to walk bent over” (Halstead 557). This name refers to the main feature of both chronic and acute phase of the disease a change in posture causes by the arthritis and arthralgia (Charrel, Lamballerie and Raoult 769).

History

The disease gained its name after the outbreak in Tanganyika, the modern Tanzania in 1952. However, ...

Social issues cut across a large spectrum of our daily lives, cutting across from human to local area development. In the exploration of considering topics to research on, the researcher looked at the topics which are most relevant to this generations and future generations and settled on these three areas: these are potential topics that were looked into

Child Abuse

Teenage Pregnancy HIV Child abuse The first topic was Child abuse which is a term used to refer to mistreatment and acts of affliction on children. These are acts conducted by caregivers, guardians and parents of the child that often results ...

Social issues cut across a large spectrum of our daily lives, cutting across from human to local area development. In my exploration of considering topics to research on, looked at the topics which are most relevant to this generations and future generations. Settled on these three areas: this is potential topics looking into

Child Abuse

Teenage Pregnancy HIV Child abuse The first topic was Child abuse is a term used to refer to mistreatment and acts of affliction on children. These are acts conducted by caregivers, guardians and parents of the child that often results to real problems and harm to ...

INTRODUCTION

In the modern era there are a plethora of diseases, conditions and disorders that can affect individual’s health, well-being and quality of life for people all across the world. Whether it is from cancer to infections or from diabetes to HIV there is always the possibility of contracting or developing disease. However, not all diseases are contracted or developed due to an external influence, there are some that originate from the inside; such conditions are generally referred to as an autoimmune disease. This means that the problem involves an individual’s own immune system, perceives their own body ...

Introduction

Zika is a mildly infectious viral disease whose main mode of transmission is the chomp of an Aedes species mosquito that is already infected with the virus. The mosquitoes exist in two types, Aedes aegypti, and Aedes albopictus . Emergence and spread of the virus are accredited to the Zika forest which is located in Uganda. The disease was first discovered here in 1947. The initial infections on the human species were reported in 1952 in some parts of South East Asia and Topical Africa. Since the time the disease was first reported, minimal cases have been recorded to date ...

Contraindications in Beauty Treatments.

Contraindications happen to many people who take medications. Whether it is in pill form or another form such as immunizations. It can also happen to those who are having a procedure or surgery. Contraindication is a situation that takes place simply because a procedure, surgery or drug should not be used and it can be harmful and hurt a person. There are medical conditions that prevent or restrict someone from having electrical treatments. Ten of them will be given in the following paragraphs allowing with the reasons as to why they are contraindications. Epilepsy is a neurological disorder and ...

The obsession with gold in California started in January 1848 when James Marshall found gold at approximately 40 miles from the Sutter’s Fort. All that followed after James’ find was extreme obsession to find the precious commodity not only in California but the rest of America. From the period henceforth, the prospect for gold became dramatic as everyone else was seeking to lay hands on the commodity (Brands 56). It is hard to imagine what could have happened if a whole population stopped their usual economic activities only to look for gold. James’ find not only transformed people’ ...

A 1,000 – 1,500 word limit exists

i) What is the research question? In the treatment of patients with Kawasaki disease (KD), is the addition of corticosteroid therapy to standard therapy recommended over standard therapy alone? KD, an acute autoimmune disease that most commonly affects children and infants, results in the inflammation of the medium-sized blood vessels throughout the body. In rare and extreme cases, KD can affect the heart by causing coronary artery aneurysms and other abnormalities. Conventional primary treatment of KD involves the administration of intravenous immune globulin (2 g/kg) and aspirin (80-100 mg/kg) each day until fever subsides. Newburger et al. (2007) have ...

Introducing the Microorganism

Candida albicans is a human microbiome member. It is opportunistic in nature and exists as a non- harmful resident of the genitourinary tract in 70% and of oral cavity in 75% of humans. It has shown opportunistic behaviour leading to infections in case of individuals whose immune system is compromised (immunocompromised). C. albicans is mainly responsible for 2 types of infection: superficial candidiasis like vulvovaginal or oral infections and systemic life-threatening infections. C. albicans has been observed to cause vulvovaginal candidiasis in approximately 75% of women. C. albicans is an obligate and diploid organism possessing 8 pairs of chromosomes, ...

Human Immune Deficiency HIV is the virus that causes AIDS- Acquired Immune Deficiency. The virus is spread through contact with the mucous membranes and the semi epidermal cells with infected bodily fluids such as semen, vaginal fluids, breast milk (Aids.gov). In Britain the most prevalent method of HIV transmission is through having unprotected sexual intercourse, the sharing needles is also another cause of HIV infections (Avert.org). Mother to child transmissions are rare, especially in the cases where the pregnant ladies attend prenatal clinics since HIV screening is mandatory. It is not spread through regular contact with infected people, swimming ...

Post Disaster Project: Prepare a Project Plan

Project description A disaster is natural or man-made occurrence, that causes immense damage to human life, animal life or properties, on a large scale. It creates the need for external human assistance to alleviate the sufferings of the victims, minimize their loss and return them back to a state where they can manage the situation independently. Sometimes, the damage associated with a disaster is irreversible and assistance can only help victims to adapt. A proper disaster management project can help foresee disasters and minimize loss. Preparedness, response, recovery and mitigation are the different stages involved in the management of ...

Campaign name

The campaign name is Beware of ZIKA. Context - Zika fever/disease is the result of Zika virus that spreads primarily after getting bitten by an infected mosquito of Aedes species (CDC). - Common symptoms of Zika disease are rash, joint pain, conjunctivitis and fever (CDC). - The illness tends to be mild in nature, but the symptoms can last for weeks after getting bitten (CDC). - Infection of Zika virus during pregnancy can lead to serious birth defects called microcephaly, or it can also cause severe defects to the fetal brain (CDC). - In 1947, the virus was first ...

Surgical Anesthesia

Pharmacology and Indications Licocaine Licocaine is a type of medication used with an aim of numbing tissues and nerves within a given area of the body, which provides that anesthetic effect for the body. The most popular brand names for this particular drug are xylocaine and lignocaine. Some of the common effects associated with this particular medication include drowsiness, muscle twitching, nausea, and confusion (1). The severity of the side effects depends wholly on a patient’s reaction to the chemical composition of the drug. Regarding its mode of action, licocaine works by blocking the voltage-gated Na+ channels, which ...

Reader Response Based on Film and Readings- Pioneer Women in Medical Front

The book A Midwife’s Tale: The Life of Martha Ballard based on her diary, 1785-1812, was written by the historian Laurel Thatcher Ulrich in reference to the diary of an 18th century American midwife and healer, Martha Moore Ballard (1735-1812). The documentary film, The American Experience, was based on the Ulrich’s book. During the period of 3 decades (from 1785-1812), Martha Ballard kept a diary that recorded her life as a midwife and healer and housewife with children. Her records illustrate struggles and tragedies that she faced within her family and the society as a whole during ...

South Africa is situated at the southern-most part of the African continent. The country is surrounded by the states of Namibia, Mozambique, Botswana and Zimbabwe. The country occupies close to 4% of the total continent’s landmass with a size that is five times bigger than that of Great Britain. South Africa is a great tourist attraction due to its exotic landscape and beautiful culture that attracts visitors. The following is key information that every visitor to South Africa needs to know about .

Passport

In order to travel to South Africa, one is required to be in possession of a ...