Essays on Malaria

Age of Patient: 10 years five months

Gender: Male Parent/Guardian: Magdalene Ekaterina Subjective The patient has been experiencing a fever, weak joints and night sweats associated with malaria infection over the last two days. The patient’s parent confirmed that he was not able to eat as much as he used to an indication of loss of appetite. He feels dizziness after a long sitting position and general weakness implying poor oxygen supply, a symptom associated with malaria and anemia, however, he has no headache, stomachache, nausea, earache or diarrhea.

He says he is feeling like vomiting now.

The patient has travelled over the last two weeks over a long distance and has confirmed ...

Abstract

The population of any species should be preserved using any means necessary. There are genetic preservation and natural preservation. The genetic preservation strategy takes a shorter time than the natural strategy. A hypothesis was developed to establish the possible breeding options that were available. Also, lab tests were conducted on the same breeding topic. The kind of breeding strategy that was used is crucial to the development and sustenance of the population. There exists planned breeding strategy and planned breeding strategy. However, the random breeding strategy is prone to inbreeding. This refers to the breeding of species that are ...

Introduction

The plasmodium parasite develops in the female anopheles mosquitoes and humans. Infection in humans is associated with the presence of multiple (thousands) of antigens against the parasite in the human body. Throughout the life stages, the parasite is known to change which leads to the production of different antigens. Lately, the parasite had developed different strategies to confuse the human immune system. The life cycle of the malaria parasite takes place in two main stages (hosts): The female Anopheles mosquitoes and humans. In humans it strives in the liver and spreads infection in the red blood cells. The ...

The article “Minds of Their Own” was written by the author Virginia Morell and published in the National Geographic Magazine. In this article Virginia explores the mental abilities of animals and explains how scientists have discovered the intelligence in them. The article begins with an example of a scientist, Irene Pepperberg, who is a Harvard University graduate. She introduced to her laboratory a parrot named Alex and attempted to teach it how to communicate. According to Morell, there are particular skills that are seen to indicate higher mental abilities in animals; a good memory, self-awareness, grasp of grammar and symbols, understanding other’s ...

Medical Anthropology is considered one of the elements that make up anthropology and the study has been widely appreciated across the world. This field was founded by George Foster and Ben Paul. This field studies the health and diseases of individuals where the environment forms an interrelationship with the human health system. The main purpose of this paper is that the author of the article believes that the future of medical anthropology is to intersect with other fields.

The article discusses the future of medical anthropology. What is the future that the writer is talking about?

- Medical anthropology is expanding to other fields and interacting with other with other disciplines in the science department. Though medical ...

Nations all over the world have been fighting for equality and equal rights all throughout history. However, in the year 2013 not everybody is equal and there are people dying as we speak, while we could save them. Africa suffers and sees their children die from malaria and poverty. According to UNICEF (2002), 99 percent of deaths from malaria occur in Africa, where one in six childhood deaths is due to malaria. In terms of numbers, about 3,000 people die from malaria in Africa within each passing day, among of which are children and pregnant women (Okwa). ...

- Lifestyle diseases occur due to the change in the daily habits of people because of an inappropriate relationship of people and the environment. Factors contributing to lifestyle diseases include poor eating habits, bad posture during working, and physical inactivity. According to World Health Organization (2009), report unhealthy lifestyles and faulty diet account for many deaths in the world today (Glennie, 2010). Working people suffer depression, obesity, backache, and diabetes. Glennie (2010) argues that many adults suffer hypertension and store due to lack of inactivity since they work for long hours in order to meet strict deadlines. Other occupational ...

Economics

How can they justify this policy? Give at least two reasons and explain them

The need for the policy justification before delivering treatment and malaria vaccines is critical since the receiving nations might perceive the cheap and subsidized vaccines as rejects and they may end up not embracing them. Hence, the first way of justifying is consider the world health Organization statistics (Robert, 34). The level of the need and poverty of the nations to be assisted should be first discussed with the concerned parties. This will ensure that the need for the vaccines is widely analyzed based on ...

My younger brother’s doctor kept on apologizing for not able to save him. Alas! My ten year brother lost his life. It was that phase of my life when I did not know enough about health and life-death transition. He did not have any major disease. He was just suffering from flu and fever. On the other hand, his doctor diagnosed him with malaria meningitis. He was not able to identify my brother’s disease. However, he was sure that malaria took away the life of my brother as the disease was a common cause of death among children ...

Intervention Levels:

An integrated approach for Control of Malaria in Africa.

This intervention program highlights components of the multilateral approach to controlling malaria. It is aimed at drawing attention to healthcare providers and policy makers in Africa where the disease has resulted to devastating effects. This health program is a good approach of fighting malaria that has thrived in Africa. Major obstacles curtailing the fight against malaria and measures to help combat it are well articulated.

Major obstacles curtailing the fight against malaria are resistance of parasites to clinically useful drugs and the speedy development and spread of vector resistance to residual ...

Chapter 4: Prokaryotic Cells and microorganisms

This chapter looks at the morphology, and pathogenic mechanisms of prokaryotic cells and microorganisms respectively. It discusses in detail the structural components, functions of the different organelles of prokaryotic cells as well as feeding and survival mechanisms of prokaryotic microorganisms.

Prokaryotic cells have a specialized cellular structure. Prokaryotes are unicellular and their cells have no cellular organelles, that is, a membrane does not surround their nucleus. These cells contain intricate phospholipids, sterols, and sphingolipids. They are typically 1-5µm in diameter .

Their outer surface is covered by glycocalyx, which is a gel like cellular envelope that provides prokaryotic cells with protection against ...

Question 1

UNICEF is an arm of the United Nations with headquarters in the New York City which is involved in the provision of developmental and humanitarian help to mothers and children in the developing countries. Most of UNICEF’s work is field-based and has staff in close to 200 nations. Over 200 national offices perform the mission’s work in through collaborative programs with the host nations. Most of the work by UNICEF is performed in New York, especially administration and management. The supply division is in Denmark, in the city of Copenhagen and distributes antiretroviral drugs and vaccines for ...

Among the various issues faced by societies globally is the danger associated with the so-called global warming or climate change. Although often used interchangeably, global warming and climate change are two different scenarios that have synergistic relationship. Defined as the overall increase in the global temperature due to excessive accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, global warming differs from climate change which is defined as the abnormally drastic change in climate patterns which have started since the beginning of the 20th century. Despite their differences, global warming and climate change are often seen as two inseparable phenomena. The ...

Short response

English East India Company was a joint stock company incorporated in 1600 and received extensive privileges to trade in India. English East India Company has organized its own lobby in the British Parliament. The aggressive policy of the company expressed in provoking famine in Bengal, the destruction of the monasteries in Tibet and administered by the Opium Wars in China. Initially, the company had 125 shareholders and the capital of 72 thousand pounds. The company managed by the Governor and the Board of Directors, who were responsible to the shareholders' meeting. English East India Company acquired the government and military ...

The “bottom billion” refers to the poorest people in the world and not necessarily countries. Although they may be concentrated in the poorest countries in the world, especially in Africa, they are also found in many developing countries across especially across the globe. These people suffer from many problems as a result of their country’s situation apparently because the country itself is so poor and cannot provide itself with requirements for survival ; the kind of aid it is receiving simply is not appropriate and is thus not working ; it is ravaged by war and similar problems ; or, poor governance ...

1. The three modules pertaining to, inspiring sustainability of GIS in health care are described below: I. Creating and sharing database: Health care has entered a new age where precision in diagnosis and treatment has started to become top priority. With advancement in genomic, a wealth of information, that can help predict, prevent and intervene with the diseases process, is now available. In addition a lot of data are created by the health care industry. Very often these data’s are not handled and used to their best. Data requirements for GIS involves spatial data, attribute database, data presentation methods, location ...

Discuss the challenges related to being a socially responsible business, and suggest ways these challenges can be overcome.

Corporate Social Responsibility especially concerning social welfare and the environment are important engagements for businesses. They improve the livelihoods of people especially in the target markets while empowering those people to support the business by acquiring more purchasing powers. However, some challenges stand in the way of the establishment of socially responsible businesses. These challenges include lack of uniform support from a business’s executives as well as the junior employees. When only a few people and not the entire business personnel support a given social responsibility issue, the projects suffer divided attention, denial of critical resources such as time, money ...

The Panama Canal is a 77.1 kilometer international waterway constructed by United States of America which was one of the largest public investments of its time. France started the project of the canal in 1881, but had stopped due to engineering issues and high mortality due to diseases like malaria. Later on the US took over the project and started construction in 1904 and was completed in 1914. This waterway links the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. The objective behind this project was to reduce shipping distance. The average time taken to traverse the canal is between 20 and ...

Introduction

Halting the spread/progression of HIV/AIDS by the year 2015 is one of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. The United Nations (2013) indicate that tremendous advancements have been made in efforts to reverse the spread of HIV among the world populations. Most regions in the world have reported a reduction in persons newly infected with HIV. However, from a global perspective the awareness and knowledge level of how HIV is transmitted and prevention measures still remain significantly low especially among the young generation. Moreover, adherence and access to HIV treatment still remain a challenge to the control of HIV spread (Bermúdez, ...

Introduction

King Tutankhamun also known as King Tut or Tutankhamen was an Egyptian pharaoh who ruled between the period of 1336 and 1327 BC. He is believed to the 12th ruler of the 18th Dynasty of Egyptian history (Carter and Romer 2008). His precious mummy discovered in 1922, in the Valley of Kings by Howard Carter and George Herbert first brought king Tutankhamun to light.. It is the discovery of Tutankhamun’s mummy that first made Tutankhamun and his lineage a subject of public interest worldwide. A lot of facts have been uncovered about him ever since, and all these facts ...

1. Observation and background information One of the major agents of global environmental change is deforestation. Deforestation is a consequence of land use change which is often affected by both biophysical and socioeconomic factors. Human decisions heavily influence land use in response to global markets. Geist and Lambin (143) noted that tropical forests are disappearing because of pressures coming from both local and regional scale having synergistic effects in different parts of the world. Human activities such as agricultural expansion, human population dynamics and agricultural policies have direct and indirect impact on forest cover change. Deforestation in the ...

Wine to Water: A Bartender's Quest to Bring Clean Water to the World is a well written piece by Doc Hendley, which reflects a motivated path of his life to make clean water available for the needy people around the world. The book is an important inspiring story that conveys an honest message of help, assistance and support. Doc, a family name for Dickson, represents himself as a slacker, a school guy, a musician who likes to play guitar, and a promising bartender with mature interpersonal skills. Along the way, Doc realizes his effort for needy people as a possible satisfied direction for his life. He implements ...

Economics

How can they justify this policy? Give at least two reasons and explain them The need for the policy justification before delivering treatment and malaria vaccines is critical since the receiving nations might perceive the cheap and subsidized vaccines as rejects and they may end up not embracing them. Hence, the first way of justifying is consider the world health Organization statistics (Robert, 34). The level of the need and poverty of the nations to be assisted should be first discussed with the concerned parties. This will ensure that the need for the vaccines is widely analyzed based ...

Designing an approach to Lower Respiratory Tract Infections.

Candace Moore No University Affiliation Nursing Introduction: Ethiopia is highly affected by communicable diseases like many countries less economically developed countries. These diseases accounted for over 60% of total death and 63% of DALYs in Ethiopia 2010. Out of these communicable diseases lower respiratory infections play a major role in the mortality and morbidity of the people. These diseases contribute about 14 % and almost 11% of towards all communicable death and DALYs respectively ((( Source from summative assignment))). The risk of developing acute lower respiratory infection was found to be very high in children under the age ...

Introduction 3

Definition and background 3 Structure and properties of Artemisinin 4 Structure 4 Properties of Artemisinin 5 Synthesis of artemisinin 5 Activation of artemisinin 7 Mechanism of Artemisinin action in the body 8 Side effect 10 Conclusion 10

References 13

- Table of Figures Figure 1: Structure of Artemisinin2 4 Figure 2: A synthetic strategy of chemical synthesis from cyclohexenone. 7,9,10 6 Figure 3: Reductive scission model: Homolytic mechanisms of bioactivation of the endoperoxide bridge of artemisinin and derivatives 8 Figure 4: Proposed mechanism for artemisinin mediated lipid ...

Objective 2

Introduction 2 General background 3 Resistance mutants 4 Hemoglobin mutants 4 Sickle Cell Anemia and Genetics: Background Information 5 Connection of Sickle cell with Malaria 6 Method: 7 Introduction of Recombinant DNA technology in diagnosing disease: 8 Discussion (implementation of recombinant DNA technology to solve the issue) 9 Conclusions 10

References 11

Objective This report targets to study a group of people that has developed resistance to malaria. It will focus on the use of recombinant DNA technology to study this cohort and gain insights into the nature of this observation. This ...

Article Analysis: Ad5 Specific

Article Analysis: Ad5 Specific Since its discovery in 1983, scientists and researchers have been working hard to neutralize the threat of HIV against humans . This advance has included many strategies. Researchers have tried counterattacking the virus while it still hibernates in monkeys, once it was concluded that is where HIV originated . Other strategies have included offsetting the virus after it becomes active in humans. Unfortunately, some of these vaccinations, such as the Ad5 vaccination, allowed the vaccine to progress further, as seen in human trials . Other vectors, such as CMV were used in order to correct Ad5, and ...

Mummies are bodies that have been frozen and well-preserved over a given period of time. The mummies of Egypt are well known and have been the subject of many scientific experiments over the years. An example is the DNA analysis of the mummy of King Tut that found out he died as a result of malaria and certain bone abnormalities. The practice of conducting experiments has elicited much debate in the recent years. Scientists have argued that this practice will enable solving some of the current world diseases while the opponents of this practice have cited the lack of respect to ...

Prosperity of a nation in different aspects depends on the health status of the people. Economic status of a country is dependent on the productivity of individuals as they work to earn a living. The authorities have roles to play in ensuring a healthy nation, and therefore increased productivity is attained. The government of any particular nation should address several factors for the well-being of the people health wise. The country in consideration in this situation is called El Salvador. It is a developing country located in Central America and thus faced with various challenges prone in developing countries. It has a population of ...

Abstract

The aim of the paper is to provide practical details in using health care research resources effectively and the need of public health partnerships. Global health problems require global solutions based on public–private partnerships. With limited financial resources, complex behavioral problems, as well as reduced state responsibilities, have led the organizations to realize the importance of public health partnerships to achieve the long-term goals, and shoulder the broader view of social responsibility.

Public health partnerships

Introduction The rising costs of health care are forcing the health care industry to look for ways and means to lower those costs without compromising ...

Imogene Thompson

JERSEY COLLEGE SCHOOL OF NURSING THERESA REBOLI Abstract The issue of malaria and its effect on the world is one of grave concern. Many organizations have come together to find ways to eradicate the mosquitoes that cause this deadly disease. Nearly half of the population in the world is at risk of contracting malaria. However, most of the fatal cases of malaria occur in the sub-Saharan Africa, while countries in Latin America, Asia, and the Middle East record a smaller number of deaths from malaria. The statistics are alarming, and with the advance in travels, war, and ...

The social setting that most individuals are exposed to determines their overall health in the society. The disparity that exists between some of the nations in the world when it comes to health is widening with each passing year. During the signing of the millennium goals back in 2000, the world’s richest nations decided to assist the less privileged nations find their footing when it came to creating a level playing field. Now that the deadline for the millennium goals is getting closer, people are left wondering what comes next. It is vital to note that even as the ...

Essay 1

GENETICALLY ENGINEERED MOSQUITOES COULD BE A VITAL WEAPON AGAINST MALARIA: ECOLOGICAL THINK PERSPECTIVE INTRODUCTION The ecological system continues to experience a number of transformations in so far as environmental wellbeing is concerned. The text can be analyzed and evaluated from the ecological think perspective in so far as nonhuman charisma characterization is concerned. Species can be modified into different forms to the extent that they are able to conform to the modes so desired. Different ecosystems have different species, some of which are very harmful to the existence of other species. Mosquitoes are by far some of the ...

Asepsis

Microorganisms are the tiny microscopic structures that cannot be seen with naked eyes. They are present on all the living things and also in the environment. Some of these microorganisms are non pathogenic that is they do not cause any disease. However, many of the microorganisms are pathogenic in nature. The pathogenic microorganisms can cause disease or infections. Absence of these pathogenic microorganisms is known as asepsis.

Importance of asepsis

Asepsis is usually carried out in the laboratory mostly while dealing with microorganisms. The techniques used to carry out asepsis are known as aseptic techniques. If aseptic conditions are not maintained in ...

Amongst the innumerable columns and works written and published by the renowned National sportswriter Rick Reilly, “Nothing but Nets” is an unconventional article written by this veteran sportswriter that was first published in Sports Illustrated in 2006. In this article, Reilly throws light upon the severity of the disease malaria and the number of children in Africa who are victims to this deadly disease. The usage of mosquito nets acts as a source of prevention of this disease. Reilly targets an intended audience who are passionate about sports in specific but his article also appeals to any person who wants ...

Book Review of

“The Hot Zone” written by Richard Preston is a non-fiction English book published by Anchor in 1995. It contains 420 pages and based on Richard Preston article “Crisis in the Hot Zone.” It is a thriller that deals with the source and occurrences relating to viral hemorrhagic fever especially Ebola viruses and Marburg viruses. The filo viruses, Ebola Virus called EBOV, Sudan Virus called SUDV, Marburg Virus called MARV and Ravn Virus called RAVV are the agents of level four of Biosafety. They are enormously hazardous to humans due to being very contagious and with an extraordinary casualty rate. There is ...

Question 1 (Word Count = 332) Is there a difference in hemoglobin concentration at enrolment between women with detectable peripheral malaria parasites and those without detectable parasites? In order to test whether hemoglobin concentration recorded at enrolment is different in women with detectable peripheral malaria parasite from those without detectable parasites, a Student t-test is required. Using the student, the mean of two samples are compared to determine whether there is any significant difference between the two samples. Analysis of the data for “Hb at enrolment visit” variable and the “Malaria at enrolment” variable was done using SPSS to ...

Abstract

There has been a very big difference between alternative medicine and modern conventional medicine in terms of use, diagnosis treatment and most of all promotion. Alternative medicine has been disadvantaged over the years with lack of promotion because of its basis on beliefs and indigenous knowledge rather than evidence and proof. For this reason, most of its products have been operating in the black market with major implications on conservation of animals such as rhinos and elephants because of rampant poaching activities. However, in the recent past promotion has increased because it is cheaper and readily accessible. Also there has ...

- How effectively were you able to communicate with others in the lecture activity? I was able to communicate effectively. I conveyed the messages I intended to convey and at the same time, I could understand what others wanted to say. At a few occasions, I took time to interpret the messages. With the help of this activity, I also understood the difficulties faced by physically-challenged persons (who cannot speak or listen). - Which emotions did you find difficult to communicate to others? It was quite easy to convey the feelings of ‘love, hate, frown, interest, happiness, ...

Regulated vs unregulated vs partially regulated use of insecticides

Regulations are part of modern life and control each and every aspect of activity in the United States. Both individuals and corporations are subject regulations and vigorously advocate their opinions. The opinions, sometimes and in some cases, tend to be extreme in some thinking that there is too little federal regulation while some others feel that there is too much regulation. This polarization of views on regulation can be attributed in large part to a lack of good understanding of the research supporting regulation and burdensome problems in practice or implementation of regulations. The use of insecticides in the ...

The selection of India comes as no surprise for a number of reasons. It has an ever-changing population rate and a rich history that stipulates and rationalizes population trends. Mortality and population growth have historical underlying reasons. The point is that the Indians would incur multiple waves of incursion. Alexander the Great and Genghis Khan conquered parts of the Indian subcontinent while the British troops sent the whole region into the vassalage of English royalty. An increase in exploitation is always in inverse proportion to population growth and life expectancy. Since the region was the lucrative sources of spices, cotton, and ...

John F. Kennedy’s assassination, in 1963, is perhaps the most investigated murder of the last decades. Some also believe it is the most investigated assassination in the world history, given that a lot of ink has been spent, and various technological tools have been applied with tremendous zeal and scrutiny, so to analyze and study the events that had finally led to Kennedy’s murder. Interestingly, Kennedy was the first man to have been elected president of the United States at the young age of 43, and his presidency has definitely left a valuable legacy. He was a very well-liked president, ...

The cellular network is a wireless network spread over large land areas called cells. Each of this cell is served by at least one base station. These cells use another set of frequencies from that of the neighboring cells so to provide guaranteed bandwidth and avoid interference. When these cells are joined together, they provide radio coverage and connect large geographic area. Thus, portable transceivers i.e. mobile phones and pagers can communicate with each other, being anywhere in the network. There are 3 main categories of cellular networks, including 2G, 3G, and 4G. The first ever cellular network was ...

The budget cuts debate has been a major topic of discussion for some time now with both the public and private sector involved. The real effects of these budget cuts are beginning to show with every agency revealing the harsh effects that those cuts are going to bring in the near future. The USAID has estimated the death of 70,000 kids due to H.R.1 with 30,000 of that being as a result of Malaria control programs. “USAID estimates that reductions proposed in the 2011 House Republican budget would prevent 3 million malaria treatments. Because the disease is misdiagnosed about ...

Introduction

Malaria is major life threatening disease, transmitted through mosquitoes and caused by parasites. Plasmodium virus causes malaria in humans. A recent study and WHO Statistics revealed that around 625,000 individuals died because of Malaria in the year 2012. Malaria has affected more than 200 million people in over 75 countries in the past 50 years. The sub-Saharan Africa covering to about 50% of malarial cases alone. DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) was introduced in the year 1874. The insecticidal properties of DDT was discovered in the year 1935 and has been used worldwide ever since. Many early studies had revealed the ...

According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, in 2010-2012, from the total of about seven billion people living on Earth, there are approximately 870 million people that suffer from hunger (FAO). That means that one in eight people are undernourished, which is a worrying and sad fact at the same time. One in three children in developing countries, suffer from poor nutrition, representing about 33 percent of the overall population of developing countries (de Onis et.al). The vast majority of those undernourished live in developing countries; in other words, a fourth of the population in developing countries is ...

Studies show that at least 80% of people around the globe are living on less than $10 a day (Zeller, et al. 446). This means that there are families out there who need to ration food that will last them a week or a month with a salary that some Americans receive just after working for one hour. The problem is not in the lack of natural resources, we see countries that are rich in terms of minerals, crops and even oil. However, the distribution of wealth is not equal. The problem is that the income differentials are widening, and people are left ...

Introduction

The insecticide DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) has been very successfully used for many years in the prevention and control programmes of malaria all around the world. However, it is one of the drugs that has been facing an immense level of controversy since its discovery back in the year 1874 (Casman and Hadi 17). It has been previously banned for human use, then reaccepted for continued use and still its survival is not guaranteed. Generally, DDT is an organochlorine insecticide that has been used as a pesticide for pests and insect control in the United States until it was banned in 1972 ...

A reality that has been always considered a hoax by many as they believe global warming is because of the changing nature of the Universe and how the planet rotates. Global Warming is real because while it could be naturally influenced, the concentrations of the greenhouse effect emmissions causes the rays of the Sun to remain on earth, further influencing climate. The dispute that rages over this issue is unresolved because “experts” have shown “proofs” (for and against) based on scientific data. Supporters of the non-existence of Global Warming, basically offer the arguments as that the climate has changed ...

Literature review

Measures of preventing malaria in the sub-Saharan region are important perspective as well as an initiative that should be embraced. Owing to the fact that in the sub-Sahara region in Africa has a lot of mosquitoes, and then the possibility to prevent malaria from spreading is an honorable thing. Basing an argument on the global perspective, there is an enormous problem with reference to health as a result of infections with malaria (Okumu, 2011). Taking into consideration the fact that women who are pregnant are prone to getting malaria faster, the use of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) is proposed. It is ...

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease of human beings as well as other animals that is caused by parasitic protozoans belonging to the genus Plasmodium. This disease is prevalent in tropical as well as subtropical areas in a wide circle around the equator, including a large part of Sub-Saharan Africa, the Americas, and Asia. Even though the agent for P. falciparum malaria has existed for 50,000 to 100,000 years, the population of the parasite did not rise until approximately 10,000 years ago, at the same time with progresses in agriculture (Harper and Armelagos) together with the human settlements ...

Global warming together with climate change that comes with it has produced a heated debate as to whether or not human anthropogenic activity induced climatic shifts pose an actual threat to the Earth and humankind. Industrial activity effects in deforestation, acid rains, water pollution, and greenhouse effect are well-documented, so is their overall impact on ecology and health of species. Once global warming reaches a hazardous point, it is sure to have world ocean level go up while humankind will have to witness its most beautiful marine cities submerge. The reality of the global warming is that people cannot handle the ...

Brittani Scott

Introduction Sickle-cell disease is an illness that is multisystem, linked to episodes of progressive damage of organ and acute illness, and is among the most common dangerous monogenic disorders in the world (Weatherall, Hofman, Rodgers, Ruffin, & Hrynkow, 2005). The sickle-shape erythrocytes were initially described in the year 1910 by Herrick (Herrick, 1910) and understanding has slowly increased from that time. Together with his colleagues, Pauling (1949) keyed out electrophoretic abnormalities in sickle HbS and made up the word molecular disease in the year 1949. The genetics, as well as biophysics of hemoglobin behind the disease, have been widely ...

It is public that malaria was a key factor in changing history of America. We will try to focus on this topic, having in mind Wikipedia sources and book called ``1493: Uncovering the World Columbus Created``, by Charles C. Mann. Mann dedicates attention to the fact that malaria played big role in re-shaping the America`s history as the instant result of European arrival. Nevertheless, in 1493, he shots to malaria, and presents several surprising instances of how malaria have predisposed key happenings in the history of the America, with consequent knock-on special effects on Europe as well. Mann ...

Article Review: The Malaria Virus

Introduction This paper reviews and analyzes a published article that deals with the malaria virus. The subject article was published in the Guardian newspaper on 5 May 2013 and was entitled: “Climate changes could bring malaria to the UK”, by Jamie Doward.

Article Summary:

Doward opens the article with the news that leading health experts are warning the UK government that diseases carried by mosquitoes – including malaria – are becoming a growing threat for the UK. Malaria is an infectious disease prevalent in tropical climates and is typically spread by parasites carried by mosquitoes (Mandal, n.d.), and according to Doward is becoming likely ...

Introduction

Dissimilarities and similarities among different groups of organisms are the result evolution. This change occurs in the characteristics of different biological populations with the passage of time. The four forces of evolution result in speciation. Speciation is the process in evolution through which new species arise. It could result from any of the four forces of evolution. These are genetic drift, mutation, gene flow, and selection. They lead to slight changes in existing species, as well as the formation of new species.

Mutations

This is the main source of evolutionary change. It occurs randomly, when mistakes take place in copying ...

Historical Background

Healthcare institutions in United States and France have been encountering challenges of unprecedented scope. The increase in the number of elderly in the two countries has not only threatened to increase the cost of managing the healthcare sector, but has also led to the inflation rate. In reference to the current trend in the two countries healthcare systems, researchers and other healthcare professionals have raised their fear that the ever-increasing technologies and expensive medical treatment are likely to wreck havoc on public spending priorities. The increase in healthcare spending in United States of America is also likely to interfere ...

Abstract

Fuligo septica, which is also known as the dog vomit slime mold or scrambled slime belongs to the class myxomycetes. It is abundantly found in a varied number of terrestrial ecosystems, especially in area with higher water content. Fuligo septica exist as a colorful mass between 2-20 cm (length) and 1-3 cm (thickness).

Fuligo Septica Dog vomit slime mold

Fuligo septica is a slime mold, also commonly known as dog vomit slime mold or scrambled egg slime. The common name for Fuligo septica has originated from its physical appearance. It appears as bile- colored yellow molds on mulch or tree barks at some point in their life cycle. ...

CURRENT STATUS AND POTENTIAL OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER

The main source of electricity in the US comes from the hydroelectric power plants. Hydroelectric power forms the largest producer of renewable power in the US. It produces 6.4% of the nations’ total power. Hydroelectric plants exist in at least 34 US states. Some states especially in the pacific North West generate majority of their power from hydropower resources. The list of the power stations in the US includes; The US hydropower industry is committed to future growth and sustainable in every way. In future, it will focus on projects that maximize the benefits of the existing infrastructure ...

Introduction

The development of medicine and medical care during the American civil war were significant due to its watershed impact on social and military evolution. The Civil War was the bloodiest war in the history of America, and had the war that had the most impact in the field of medicine. Civil war medical care providers such as surgeons had to learn fast and develop new techniques as the number of injured people were too high. The high number of the injured fighters included top officers and commanders in the military, which intensified and prompted the need for new developments. ...