Essays on Global Health

It is imperative that the aspiring public health professionals and researchers marshal all their energy and efforts towards improving the health and development of the societies that are still riddled with infectious diseases such as tuberculosis. Despite the much progress that has been made by the DOT program, the efforts to control tuberculosis has been plagued by poor treatment adherence. This has subsequently led to relapse and drug resistance. Coming up with slogans presents the easiest and possible manner through which the burden of tuberculosis can be achieved. Tuberculosis affects many people, and it is the second leading killer ...

Sex Trafficking Survivors

Muraya, D.N & Fry, D. (2016). Aftercare services for child victims of sex trafficking: A systematic review of policy and practice. Sage, 17(2); 204-220. The study employed the use of current practice, a systematic review of unpublished and published research and organizational policies to explore the various aftercare services that are afforded to the victims of child sex trafficking. The study explored the various services that children survivors involved in sex trafficking are provided with and the policies in place to ensure they are taken care of. There was need for the development of best practices related to the ...

Information and Communication Teachnology

ABSTRACT As telemedicine is used throughout the rural parts of Africa, there are many professionals and patients who find the entire process very beneficial because there is an allowance for a decrease in transmission of highly contagious diseases such as MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). If there are clinics that are found in locations surrounding rural Africa, there are strong concerns that patients will be able to transmit their diseases to other people who are otherwise healthy. With the use of telemedicine, the patients and the health care providers can see each other through a confined space and there is ...

One of the developing African countries challenged with severe health problems and requiring special attention from international organizations is Angola which has been marked by increasingly high levels of malaria incidence. Malaria is considered the main health problem haunting Angola (Schwartz et al., 2001) and this tendency has been persistent for years. The number of deaths caused by the disease has been varying but extremely high – around 21,000 cases in 2012 (UNDP, n/a). Moreover, the disease affected non-Angolan residents during the civil war in the country lasting until the early 2000s: the troops of the UN peacekeeping mission ...

Part 1

Question 1 According to the World Bank Health expenditure per capita (current US$) report, Kenya’s health expenditure per person is 77.679 USD, which is higher compared to other countries in the region; Tanzania’s is 51.717 USD and Uganda’s is 52.294 USD. Additionally, it is higher than the East Africa’s average of 60 USD. The World Health Organization recommends a minimum of 36 doctors per 100,000 people which Kenya has not attained seeing that their current rate is at 17 physicians per 100,000 people (Gatura and Mbaluku 2). The number of physicians refers to ...

In essence, active aging describes the idea of continuing to work actively during old age and into their retirement. According to the World Health Organization and other international organizations, most Europeans experience active aging because there are extremely low birth rates compared to the number of the elderly. In this concept, an individual can work in old age just like in young age. In essence, some societies believe that remaining active during senior years enables one to have a prolonged life. Apart from that, there is an argument that the conditions that affect one during old age will not ...

Introduction

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) involves peripheral circulation, the brain, and the heart. The disease is a primary health issue in many countries around the world (Sawhney, et al., 2012). CVD develops through complex processes involving novel risk markers and common risk factors. Decades of research have demonstrated that a sibling’s or parent’s family history is linked to the development of atherosclerotic CVD (Gupta et al., 2013; Nelson, 2013; Imes and Lewis, 2014), which manifests as peripheral arterial disorder, stroke, and coronary heart disorder (CHD). Various Mendelian disorders have also been shown to contribute to atherosclerotic CVD. Although ...

Introduction

Health policy can be defined as a plan or decision combined with actions to achieve specific healthcare goals by implementing key strategies within the society (WHO, 2016). As per the World Health Organization (WHO), an explicit health policy is known to be associated with several success factors such as development of a vision for the future and establishment of key targets for the short and long-term. Health policies enable organizations, institutes, societies, and groups to define outline, propose new goals, and inculcate different roles across various healthcare sectors (Záliš, et al. 2016). Healthcare policies are known to unite ...

The health care sector is one of the major sector of any country. In global prospective, the health care system is still undergoing development in poor countries. The goal of global health care is to provide efficient solution that will ensure that all processes are running smoothly. They failure of supply chain can make the full system disabled for certain amount of time. This issues are not really bounded to a community but also a major global issues. The poor countries are suffering most from it and thousands of people are dying each day because they don’t have ...

Introduction

The Institute of Medicine, U.S.A, identified global health problems as health concerns that transcend national boundaries. These health issues are influenced by environment prevailing in other nations. Thus, there is a need for cooperative action from countries across the globe to find solutions to these concerns. With the kind of high mobility seen today, an epidemic outbreak in Africa, can readily spread to rest of the globe, if measures to contain its spread are not taken on a global scale. Polio eradication, containment of influenza virus, policies to restrict tobacco use are examples of policies that were instituted to ...

Introduction

Zika virus also termed as ZIKV is a known to have gained worldwide attention, especially in the USA, South East Asia, and Australia. The Zika belongs to the Flaviviridae family which comes under the genus Flavivirus (Wikan & Smith. 2016). The Zika virus is spread though day time mosquitoes belonging to the Aedes family. Some of the most common mosquitoes to contain and spread Zika include A. aegypti and A. albopictus. The name of Zika originated in 1947 where it was first isolated from the Zika forest in Uganda. Based on evidence, the Zika virus was associated with varying viral ...

Ebola virus disease, formerly described as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, refers to a severe illness that is usually deadly in humans. Wild animals transmit the virus to human populations where it spreads through direct contact with infected bodily fluids. Typically, the disease has a fatality rate of nearly 50% with past outbreak cases recording fatality rates ranging between 25% and 90% (World Health Organization (WHO), 2016). For example, an Ebola epidemic in West Africa reported in 2014 caused global panic because it was “the largest and most complex Ebola outbreak since the Ebola virus was first discovered” (WHO, 2016). In ...

There are many factors, which influence people`s maternal health. Some are connected with childhood or childbirth. There are many cases of women deaths, which died in childbirth or shortly after giving birth. Some people claim that culture and beliefs strongly have a great influence over childbirth practices. Some of those factors will be analyzed in this paper. Having great historical heritage, Sri Lanka is a popular place to visit for both travelers and volunteers. People turn their attention to the population and try to help native people manage the issue of women deaths, which are the result of ...

Admittedly, one of the world’s greatest public health leaders was Dr. Lee Jong-Wook. He was the first South Korean to be elected as the head of a United Nations agency, the World Health Organization where he served for eight years as a leader. Dr. Lee had taken over as the director of the World Health Organization at a time when the agency was undergoing revival that had been initiated by his predecessor Gro Harlem. Despite this being a major challenge, his fifteen years’ experience working with the organization prior to his appointment proved significant, as he was able ...

How are our health perceptions shaped by cultural and society?

The determining factors of human’s health are biological, natural, socio-economic and cultural environment. In general, health conception refers to different features and contexts. In the majority of cases, being healthy implies having strong physical and mental feeling of well-being. The reflection of a healthy person depends on the territory of growing, family upbringing and economical terms. Therefore, the social and cultural patterns have a strong impact on modern health perceptions. Generally, there are both positive and negative consequences. As for advantages, nowadays, the more physically vigorous, agile and strong person is, the more respect and honor he receives. ...

Introduction

An important indicator of the level of development of nations around the world is that of the existing policies towards healthcare, health promotion, wellness and prevention of outbreak of diseases . The preparedness of the government as well as historical records of success or failure to contain diseases and healthcare conditions help in providing an outlook on the overall healthcare condition in a nation . Sometimes it does happen that a major disease outbreak transforms into a national emergency which seeks to test present the true picture, especially when the healthcare policies and strategies are analyzed against that of a developed ...

I find the Rachel R. Chapman ethnography intriguing because it gives very interesting insights in a global health initiative on maternal health care and how maternal mortality rates in Southern Africa, particularly in Central Mozambique, can be improved. Reading on, I find some of the things addressed in the book weird and absurd; it doesn’t make sense to me that pregnancies are actually, for the longest time possible, hidden from others, or how they expose someone to social threats, envy and ill will. I think pregnancy is supposed bring joy to the pregnant woman and the community at ...

Glaucoma refers to a group of diseases, which are responsible for stealing the sight from those individuals that suffer from it. It is not just a first world problem, but rather a problem that has spread out all over the worlds to developing countries as well. Many studies and measures have been taken to try to help create a workable intervention for patients suffering from this sort of problem. In as much as there is very little known to professionals about the what can be done primarily to prevent glaucoma, there are some very effective medical techniques that doctors ...

The institutional affiliation

Nurses' Experiences of Ethical Preparedness for Mass Health Emergencies and Healthcare Disasters: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Evidence Healthcare ethics has been of higher importance as long as healthcare practice has existed. It is first necessary to explain that healthcare ethics is regarded as moral principles that are commonly considered as allowable and reasonable by the society. However, in spite of a universally stable set of ethical standards that direct the healthcare industry, there are many cases of these values on the verge of being violated. For instance, it is extremely possible that a medical worker will face an ...

The region which comprises of what is described as the Western Africa region indicates significant disparities in healthcare as compared to the more developed societies such as Europe and the US. These disparities in healthcare are influenced the widely varying socioeconomic health determinants and they tend to impact more heavily on subpopulations within this general population (Couttolenc, 13). In specific, the most vulnerable groups include the women, the children and the elderly. The high rates of infant mortality and pregnant mothers’ mortalities are a reflection of the vulnerability of these two groups. On the other hand, the low life ...

QUESTION 1: Describe the benefits of sustained and increased investment in reproductive health services globally

Reduced infant motilities: Health sector has tremendously improved over the course of years globally; new methods are being innovated to improve on the provision of services. In this case, there has been persistence in increasing and sustaining investment in the reproductive health services due to the benefits that come with these measures. In the recent past cases of deaths among babies immediately after birth were high. However there has been a drastic decline in reported cases of these infant mortality rates. This is as a result of improved lifestyle, sanitation and sharing important information on how pregnant mothers should ...

Analyze major events and technological advantages that influenced modern Health Care Information Systems.

If we go back to look at the healthcare system of the 1960’s we will see two major payers Medicare and Medicaid. The database systems of these payers were crude and primary at best and that did not make much difference because the payers only accepted payer claims that were handwritten by a secretary. Moving to the 1970’s brings the advent of the large clinical labs and pharmacy. Computers in the 1970’s began in single departments and consecutive departments were added one the viability was proven on each single department. The 1980’s is the time ...

Analysis of NTD

Summary Neglected tropical diseases (NTD) refer to the diseases that traditionally have received less attention as compared to other global health infections such as Malaria, TB or AIDS. Despite of this fact it is estimated that sixty percent of the globes population- about 1.4 billion people suffers from at least one of the NTDs. Most NTDs are not fatal but this is not to mean that they do not cause any negative effects. NTD have been known to cause disfigurement, disability and for making the patients suffer from other effect such that they become unable to go to schools ...

People had become increasingly aware of the need to conserve and preserve the environment. The irresponsible dumping and mismanagement of wastes inevitably causes various kinds of pollution in the environment, especially air pollution. In fact, air pollution was recently identified as a global health concern and the leading environmental risk factor that allegedly causes the fourth leading cause of deaths worldwide . Due to the reported urgency in addressing alarming levels of air pollution, various studies have been published which scrutinized the causes and effects of air pollution. The current discourse hereby aims to expound on the three (3) major ...

Summary of the case study

The case study “Leadership Development for Health Service Delivery: Making the Most of Limited Resources in Afghanistan” describes the implementation of LDP (leadership development program) in Afghanistan’s healthcare system (Alliance for Case Studies for Global Health, 2012). In addition, the study analysis the health benefits that accrue from the program and sustainability of the program. Over the years, the Afghan healthcare system has been faced by numerous challenges such as increased mortality, poor immunization and endemic episodes of infectious diseases particularly due to resource constraints as well as persistent warfare. However, the country has recently witnessed tremendous improvements ...