Essays on Counterterrorism

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is one of the most reputable security agencies in the United States of America. Although there are several other security agencies in the United States of America, the Federal Bureau of Investigation remains one of the most significant as far as the American protection policy is concerned. The Federal Bureau of Investigation however, is a domestic agency which provides intelligence and security service in the United States of America (Findlay 21). Due to its importance and effectiveness, it is mandated with the duty of serving as the United States’ law enforcement agency; it’ ...

U.S. Counter Terrorism Strategies Since the beginning of the new millennium, global terrorism has firmly occupied the place of "the main threat to humanity". Undisputed leader in the fight against "evil terrorist" remains the United States, providing a wide range of activities to capture and destroy the militants of “Al-Qaeda” and others like that, not only in the country but also far beyond its borders. What are they, the results of decades of anti-terror battle? A proof of special significance for the United States to combat global terrorism was the establishment of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) after ...

Briefing Note on Information Sharing

Issue: Counterterrorism Information Sharing Role of Information Sharing Since 9/11 The importance of sharing intelligence information related to terrorism among the various law enforcement agencies and the federal security machinery cannot be overemphasized. There various roles that information sharing plays in detecting and preventing terrorism activities. Firstly, terrorist attacks take place in a community setting. It is the duty of local, state and community based responders as well law enforcement officials to initiate the first response team. Information sharing is necessary ensure timely response. Timely response is essential in mitigating the impact and reducing the number of causalities from ...

Terrorism is the greatest menace against humanity and threat to modern civilization. Globalization has brought in overall prosperity and development to the world. This has facilitated ease in transportation across international borders, communication between remote locations through access to internet and wireless phones, and international fund transfer electronically. Terrorists have used these facilities to strike at faraway places. Terrorism has not remained confined to a region and has spread globally. After 9/11 terrorist attack, United States along with its allies have declared war against terrorism. Answers have been prepared based on these perspectives. 1. The Revolutionary Armed Forces of ...

Abstract

This paper will discuss the emergence of national security policies and laws in the aftermath of the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Prior to these attacks, there was relatively little coordination between different government agencies and branches with regards to counterterrorism. But the 9/11 attacks led to significant changes. All three government branches are highly involved in national security measures and interests. Congress responded by passing very important statutes to augment the government’s authority to conduct and investigate terrorist threats and apprehend suspects. These statutes reflect the practical difficulties of apprehending and prosecuting terrorists. Terrorism is unique in that if ...

Strategy to Fight Transnational Organized Crime

The strategy to fight transnational organized crime comprises to all national power’s elements that are geared towards protecting citizens and the national security interests of the United States from the convergence of the transnational criminal threats of the 21st century. The strategy is premised around a common unifying principle that is to build, integrate and balance the American power’s tools for combating transnational organized crime and national security related threats as well urging the nation’s foreign partners to observe the same principle. The long term goal of this strategy is for the reduction of transnational organized ...

Introduction

Currently quite a lot of scholars agree that terrorism constitutes a complex and complicated phenomenon that when one makes an attempt to construe its definition he is most likely to encounter a string of obstacles and implications on this academic and practical path. Today practitioners and scientists can fairly propose dozens and even hundreds of various definitions of terrorism, but they confuse other people and experts trying to perceive the main essence and nature of terrorism (Sorel, 2003; Ganor, 2002). Crafting a comprehensive definition of terrorism is of paramount significance to both science and practical settings of punishing those ...

Foreign policy is the way the United States interacts with other nations. It sets standards and rules of interactions for businesses and individual citizens. The official goal of the United States foreign policy is to build and sustain a better world for both American and international people. Foreign policy also dictates the use of nuclear technology and the use of nuclear hardware. This paper discusses the United States’ foreign policy, non-governmental organizations and their association with terrorism.

Terrorism

A main part of foreign policy has to deal with terrorism. Combating terrorism is a major objective for the United States. Combating ...

Introduction

This dissertations main porpoise and focus will be to address if the British armed forces will have any role in future international conflict. It will address the beginning of the British Empire all the way to the empire that we know today. After this we will look at concerns and threats that the British might face as well as the rest of the world and how this could have an impact on the British role in any future conflict. After having discussed all of the concerns we will look at the ability through advances in technology for any involvement ...

Friedlander, R. A., Levie, H. S., Musch, D. J., Alexander, Y., & Lovelace, D. C. (1979).Terrorism: Documents of international and local control. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y: Oceana Publications.

The main argument or topic in this source is the local and international control of terrorism. The author elaborates various ways in which terrorism can be controlled both at the domestic and international levels. The current strategies used to curb terrorism both at the local and international levels are well elaborated by the author. The authors develop their argument by linking their arguments and ideas on how various countries in various ...

Question 1

The Al Qaeda manual is a publication, whose principal purpose is to serve as a directive for the members of the terrorist group. In this handbook, the acts of violence performed by these members are justified by the use of quotations from the Holy Book, the Quran. Additionally, the Al Qaeda manual instructs members of the group how to lie during captivity. This is usually an attempt to divert the attention of the captors and avoid being traced. The handbook, particularly directs the members of the Al Qaeda group to falsely claim that they are being tortured while under interrogation with ...

In his description of himself, Baer acknowledges that he wasn’t born a patriot whose intention was to work for the CIA. He describes himself as a struggling student who had personal agendas (Baer, 2002). The book gives several accounts of what Baer describes as frustrations and mistakes he made while posted in Lebanon and India. The book also discusses the failings of the CIA. Baer gives the reasons for a failing CIA as: replacement of human intelligence with computer and satellite technology; a risk aversion approach by the agency that promoted bureaucratic practices and undermined intelligence gathering; and the prioritization of interests ...

Prisons are an essential organ in the criminal justice system of the United States of America. Prisons serve the purpose of reforming, rehabilitating and keeping the offenders away from the society so as not only to protect the society but also protect the offenders from an angry society that is tempted to take the law into their hands.

There are a number of challenges that the United States prison system faces especially with the inclusion of imprisoned terrorists. It is imperative to consider whether terrorists can be reformed and rehabilitated and thus fit for prison. Arguments have been advanced to ...

Introduction

Terrorism has been a long-standing problem of globalization, with radical militant groups inflicting coercion upon civilians to push for political, social and religious goals. Arguably, however, terrorism has reached its zenith in recent times when the September 11, 2001 (9/11) attacks in the United States (US) happened. The intensity of the attacks cast the image of the US as the most powerful nation in the world into serious doubt, considering the fatal breach of security involved (Kean, 2004).

Undoubtedly, 9/11 shook the US towards creating new strategies to counter future cases of terrorism. However, there is an understanding that the ...

Counterterrorism and counterinsurgency are two concepts that are seemingly similar to one another but are substantially different. Terrorists and insurgents are not the same, with both having specific defining characteristics pertaining to their roles (Crisis Group Asia, 2008). Counterterrorism operations are more concerned with fighting terrorists, destabilizing their activities and capturing them. It is important to note that terrorism, in itself, is a strategy employed by various groups with different objectives. Insurgents, on the other hand, only use terrorism as a tactic. They may choose to use it or not but nevertheless, they are still threatening as they ...

Although the most publicly well-known counterterrorist agencies in the United States are the CIA and Homeland Security, but the Department of State has also been playing an equally important role in counterterrorism for decades. Over the years, especially after the September 11 attacks, the role of the Department of State has gotten bigger and has become more visible ("State dept. official" 2012). Today, the Department of State is the leading federal agency that deals with and handles terrorist in foreign countries where the interests of the United States are involved. The Department of State takes the head role ...

Introduction

This study seeks to provide concise yet comprehensive information on the value of diplomacy in combating terrorism, which is an issue of grave concern to the international community. Diplomacy, in the context of terrorism, posits invaluable virtues for resolving matters between conflicting parties in international relations. The organization of human beings within communities – a phenomenon that traces back to early history, has rendered the use of diplomatic skills and reasoning, given varying community interests that tend to conflict with one another. It is notable to consider that engaging in warfare has become the predominant method for dealing with international affairs ...

English

Introduction This paper will discuss the ethical challenges between human rights and national security. The issue addressed specifically in this paper is: “Should the United States government compromise human rights to achieve the objectives of international security”. After the September 11, 2001 bombing in the U.S., strict security measures had been taken by the government to ensure the security and safety of the people. The U.S. government implemented the National Security Agency (NSA) Warrantless Wiretapping Program, by allowing the warrantless wiretapping of the citizens despite the violation of the right to privacy. The primary objective of the ...

Homeland security

Terrorism is becoming more complicated than before with the use of mass destruction weapons. Ten years after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, policy makers continue to define the homeland security. Prior to 11.09, the United States addressed crises through the separate, law enforcement, prisms of national defence and emergency management. This demands a new strategy for the security enforcers in order to prevent from the threats. Preemption is a measure that ensures terrorists do not plan and attack different places as they chose. Defensive deterrence is no longer an option to prevent attacks, but offensive preemption is needed to counter the ...

Externally, U.S. intelligence community faces unprecedented challenges amid sweeping national and international political, economic and social changes. Striking failures to meet counterterrorism and intelligence objectives in both national and international arenas indicate current tools and policies are short of closing growing gaps between intelligence work as is performed by existing intelligence agencies and hostile states, groups or individuals, locally and abroad. Counterterrorism and intelligence are still viewed in older, established Soviet-era framework (McConnell, 2007; Turner, 1991; Godson, 2010). Flaws in counterterrorism and intelligence work is, further, attributed to a set of a factors including, but are not limited to, lack of ...

The evolution of terrorism over the past decades has seen the emergence of several types of terrorism and terrorist groups. Some of the world known terrorist groups including the Hezbollah, Hamas, and al-Qaeda have successfully managed to carry out several terrorist acts. As a result, it is necessary that the counterterrorism strategies place evolve concurrently in order to effectively combat these terrorist groups. In light of this, it is important that the counterterrorism strategies implement be specific to terrorist groups as ascertained by the motives driving the various groups into such activities. Different strategies are, therefore, need to combat each ...

Educational Institution

The debate over such notions as counterterrorism and counterinsurgency has recently heated up. Even though some academics state that the line between these two doctrines has blurred within the last years, they are still very distinct. According to the U.S. Army Field Manual (as cited in Rineheart, 2010) counterterrorism is offensive measures taken to prevent, deter, preempt, and respond to terrorism. This is a rather broad definition and it implies that all nation’s resources should be mobilized in order to neutralize a terrorist threat. Modern U.S. counterterrorism operations involve direct hits on terrorist organizations in order to take terrorists ...

Introduction

After the September 11 bombings in New York and Washington, the United States tightened their counterterrorism efforts to thwart further plans of terrorist groups. This does not mean that policies were ineffective before the attacks, but there were murmurs of intelligence failures. It was argued that it was the Central Intelligence Agency’s and the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s faults for not being able to intercept the plans of the groups that attacked the World Trade Center (Lewis, 2004).

Intelligence and Strategies

The Intelligence Community or IC of the United States consists of executive agencies. These agencies are separated to prevent ...

NSA 2

Introduction The United States National Security Agency is responsible for counterintelligence operations pertaining to the monitoring, collection, and analysis of global data (National Security Agency, 2014). These counterintelligence operations include eavesdropping, wiretapping, and other types of electronic surveillance used to intercept threat against the United States. In recent decades, the NSA has also assumed responsibility for all counterintelligence operations for cyber and network warfare. Due to the changes faces of terrorism, the NSA counterterrorism strategies must also adapt to new threats posed to the United States.

Counterterrorism Tools

In the Information Age, terrorists possess the ability to deliver computer viruses ...

Counterterrorism and Intelligence Framework: A policy recommendation to the U. S. Department of Homeland Security 1. Introduction President Geogre W. Bush on 20th September 2001, exactly after 9 days of the 9/11 attack and a major governmetal transformation took place and annouced the establisment for office of the homeland Securities within the white house for contradiction of terrirism in U.S. The U.S intelligence is prepared with diverse several agencies and organisations within the executive branch and work both independently and collaboratively to gather the intelligence fundamental to conduct the national security activities. The intelligence community efforts to ...

CRITICAL THINKING

Counterinsurgency VS Counterterrorism in the U.S. COUNTERINSURGENCY VS COUNTERTERRORISM IN THE U.S. The meaning of insurgency is a rebellion against authority like government acknowledged as a conventional authority, such as United Nations as the standard ruler of the country, by forces that do not portray or represent a government, also a formal rebelling authority. A counterinsurgency war means that actions of government forces of military against such insurgents. The United States as the world’s super power was connected in so many operations of counterinsurgency in the past years. Winning victory in counterinsurgency war seems to demand destruction of all enemy ...

America on the War on Terror

America and its supporters indicate that the War on Terror is justifiable under international law and the fact it intended for the paralysis of the United States, if not its total elimination. According to Yoo and Ho (2003), the attacks designed to eliminate the current military and civilian leadership status of the country with one hit and disrupt the entire country’s functions with the attack. Al Qaeda, who had claimed responsibility for the attacks, wanted to influence America into changing its Middle Eastern policy through the attack. President George W. Bush then stressed in one of his speeches ...

Terrorism

Since the September 11 attacks in 2001, the future complexion and definition of terrorism has become quite ambiguous for the public. In its early incarnations, terrorism was associated with the spread of fear for the sake of ideology without the mass genocide included. However, as the years progressed with the onset of various ideologies and changed political affiliations, some no longer know if the ongoing violence classified as terrorism is still ‘terrorism’ or just a plain warfare. This ambiguity has subsequently influenced how governments, such as the United States, in organizing their counter-terrorism strategies and now directed such strategies in ...

Abstract:

The post 9-11 world depicts a totally different outlook in terms of the global politics and regional security. It was the first major event since the fall of the Berlin Wall which forced the nations into revisiting their security policy and beefing up their internal security networks which would allow them preempting any similar event of aggression in the future. United States of America and United Kingdom undertook punitive measures in order to overcome the challenges faced. Each of the state adopted multi prong policy which was directed towards domestic and international safety of their national interests. This paper looks ...

Abstract

The project deals with changes in the federal law enforcement since 9/11 attacks. The opening paragraphs induct into the political microclimate of the early 2000s and the rationales behind the 2001 terrorist attacks. Further sections give insight into improvements and changes made by the Department of Justice, one of principal law enforcement agencies, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, its subordinate agency, and police. The paper reflects the opinion of prominent security experts, accomplished writers, and governmental officials. Keywords: security, counterterrorism, attack, law, enforcement, bureau, police, justice Being a big geopolitical player that it is, the USA has its ...

Introduction

The National Security Agency (NSA) is the largest intelligence agency of USA that gathers information to detect any potential threat to USA. Recently in 2013, it created a lot of buzz when Edward Snowden, a former NSA contractor, revealed to the media about the clandestine surveillance programs of the NSA (NCPA 2014). According to the documents leaked by Snowden, the NSA spies on over a billion of people worldwide by intercepting their calls. Not only that, the NSA has access to the phone records of all the American citizens for the purpose of mass surveillance. It was also revealed that PRISM, the ...

One of USSOUTHCOM priority mission is Countering international organized crime (C-TOC). Describe and discuss the future requirements of Counterintelligence in C-TOC

Introduction

Counterintelligence refers to the known business of always distinguishing and managing foreign postulated threats directed towards the country. Its fundamental concern is the sagacity administrations of foreign states and comparable associations of non-state performers. A good example in line with the stated fact is the transnational terrorist cohorts that are out to hamper the desired harmony in nations. Counterintelligence works out both as a guarding measure that ensures the country's mysteries and holdings against foreign brainpower entrance and as a ...

Type of government

Qatar is one of the few states in the world that preserved a unique type of government - an absolute monarchy. Organized opposition, as well as any activities of political parties is prohibited in the state of Qatar. Under the Constitution of Qatar, the fullness of legislative and executive power belongs to the head of the state - the Emir, who is elected from among male family members of the Al Thani royal family (over 3,000 people.). The monarch possesses extremely broad powers. He represents the state in its foreign relations, performs the functions of the supreme commander ...

English

Introduction In the movie World War Z, one of the issues is government preparedness in handling crises. Nowadays, the whole world is confronted with possible disasters or crises that can significantly affect the lives of the people in a community. During these difficult times, governmental response is vital in order to meet all the needs of those affected by these possible crises such as terrorist attacks, natural disasters, and other catastrophic events (Neil 14). The main resource and official regulatory organization that is tasked to handle these crises in the U.S. is the Department of Homeland Security. The National ...

Management

Goss (2005), in Building a Contingency Menu: Using Capabilities-Based Planning for Homeland Defense and Homeland Security, says that Homeland Defense and Security planners need to develop a contingency plan to neutralize potential terrorist threats. Because of their shrewd and adaptive strategies, the Department of Homeland Defense and Security agency has come up with the concepts of ‘lines of operation’ ‘capabilities’ as the dynamics to define and explain potential and likely interactions. Moving from the more rational idea of, ‘who is the threat?’ to ‘what could the threat do?’ has given Homeland Defense and Security planners a broader spectrum of possibilities to explore ...

The United States of America was arguably the safest nation in the world until the 9/11 terrorist attacks the sent chilling messages. From henceforth, America and indeed Americans have had a suspicious approach to matters of security. It has consequently been in the nation’s interest to harness all of its intelligence agencies with the objective of working together in protecting Americans. In that vein, it is should be appreciated that all levels of governments including the federal, state and local governments have their unique roles to play in matters of intelligence. In brief, it is noteworthy that the complicated ...

Racism against Arab Americans: Key Concerns for law enforcement to overcome racism and promote better relationship with Arab Americans and other Middle Eastern Groups 1.0 Introduction Like Hispanics, Arabs are a linguistic and cultural community that share a common primary language (Arabic) and historical and cultural background of the Arab world, and not a religious or racial group. Never the less, Arabs have been “racialized” and discriminated on the basis of their perceived religion (Islam). A majority of the Arabs is Muslim but the largest Muslim countries, e.g. Indonesia, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Turkey, Iran and Nigeria, are not found in ...

The American government has had to implement strategic measures in efforts to counter terrorism. Indeed, after the 9/11 attacks, America has been on the offensive with the strategy premised on prevention. However, while every effort to defend the territorial integrity and sovereign of America is welcomed, it is essential that such processes adhere to the law. In that strain, it is partially regrettable that America has resorted to using drones against its own citizens. Indeed, the confession by the Attorney General that since 2009, four citizens have succumbed to drone attacks comes as a wakeup call to the observation of ...

The USA faces permanent threat of terrorist attacks at the hands of ideological radical zealots driven by dictatorial masterminds like any peacemaking nation that will not have people mistreated or human rights abused, whatever criminal opposition. To eliminate the possibility of the USA citizens’ welfare being affected by radical perpetrators America has counterterrorism system performing protective functions. Being the set of deterrent tools and measures, the system mentioned does misfire. The 2011 saw bin Laden eliminated; however, far from being eliminated, terrorist organization Al Qaeda seems to still be showing unhealthy signs of life, which may call for some ...

(Name of Student)

Should the attacks on 9/11 have been prevented?

The attack on 9/11 came as a shock but was not a surprise (National Commission, 2004). Based on this fact, we can conclude that with proper preparation, the attack would have been prevented. Before the attack on the world trade center on September 11th, there has been multiple attacks targeting the center. There were also increased attacks throughout America by Islamist extremists. Following the increased threat and multiple efforts to kill Americans in mass killings, the nation should have been prepared for a large scale attack. This is following a direct threat by Bin Laden himself to bring havoc on ...

In the US there are different agencies that deal with counterterrorism activities. These agencies have specific duties in the country and they ensure that the country is safe from any terrorist activities. They make sure that its citizens and residents are protected from acts of terror. These agencies that include the FBI and the CIA are always on their toes in protecting the country. It is established that the people who are involved in these agencies have received numerous trainings on their jobs. It is estimated that the people have advanced knowledge on terrorist activities. The agencies are also ...

Terrorism continues to threaten global security and the American interests. It is noteworthy that the emergence of the internet and consequential globalization has served to complicate the situation even further. In response, the United States of America through multiple departments has developed a number of counterterrorism and prevention methods. These measures can be split into two large subgroups; preemptive action and the reactive action. Under the preemptive action, the measure is taken in advance based on the available intelligence. This, therefore, seeks to forestall a possible attack. Under the reactive action, the measure is taken after the attack has occurred. Usually, ...

Terrorism is becoming more sophisticated than before with the use of mass destruction weapons. This demands a new strategy for the security enforcers in order to counter the threats. Defensive deterrence is no longer the solution to prevent attacks but offensive preemption is needed to counter the attacks. Preemption is a measure that ensures terrorists do not take the initiative and attack different places as they chose. A state of can invoke self measure which according UN charter article 51 is allowed. Preemption of military deterrent preventive measure against terrorism is a principle of war of the permanent members of the UN ...

Country Report: China

- Introduction Since the time of the early civilizations, China has remained to be permanent actor in the development of practices, traditions, and history throughout the globe. From being traders from the East, the Chinese had been able to keep up with development and be one of the world’s leading actors in politics and economy today. However, while the nation is known for its steady economic development and growing political power, China is also known for its still communist roots and the potential impact it has over its neighboring countries. The international community, especially the United States, ...

Criminal Law

Policing is a dangerous job due to the prevalence of accidents, injuries and the possibility of death during the course of performance of the police duties. Reno, Fischer, Robinson & Brennan (1999) stated that police officers are given the authority to use force in particular circumstances that puts their lives in danger. These police officers have undergone proper training in the use of force and commonly confronted with several incidents while on service. Some of the typical scenarios that make the lives of police dangerous are when they have to employ force during arrests, restraining unruly combatants, or controlling a disruptive demonstration ( ...

Political Science

An in Depth view of the Department of Homeland Security History of the Department of Homeland Security The Department of Homeland Security was brought about by the tragedy of the September 21 terrorist attack of the Al-Qaeda group. It was during this time the two airplanes purposely targeted to cause destruction of the Twin Towers in New York City and the Pentagon in Washington D.C. This event was regarded as the worst act of terrorism in America after the loss of 3,000 innocent lives. It was during this difficult time that the world grieved for America ...

Abstract

US Special Operation Forces (SOF) are elite military units affiliated to the United States of America with the ability to conduct a wide range of land, water and air missions behind the enemy lines under the U.S. Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) commandant. Currently USSOCOM has deployed over 12000 of its 33000 special operators across the world half of whom are in Afghanistan and the remaining in 70 odd countries. The US SOF has the following strategic roles as mandated by congress and the department of defense in the fight against the war on terror. Foreign internal defense which enables ...

Saudi Arabia-US Relationship

Saudi Arabia and United States share a healthy and strong relations for last almost eight decades since both the nations started having full diplomatic relations. The history of the relationship between both the countries is a long drawn one and dates back to 1930s. This relationship based on mutual respect and common interests has stood the test of the time. Though there have been minor hiccups through the journey of over 80 years, they have failed to impact or derail Saudi-US cooperation and relations. The relationship is not only based on the economic interests that both the nations draw from trade and ...

Abstract

With the developments and the recent attacks on the internet, there has been a need to ensure that cyber attacks and terrorism have been the most common concerns for government regulations. After the numerous attacks and cyber attacks that are common on the internet, there has been the need to have laws and acts to control these terrorist acts. This is the reason why the USA patriot Act was formulated. The main intention was to ensure that terrorism was fought in the US and the rest of the world. This aspect allowed and gave the law the power and freedom ...

English

How September 11, 2001 changed America Thesis Statement: The 9/11 terrorist attack became the catalyst that strengthened the U.S. as a nation by focusing the goal of using technology to make America a safer place for its people. In September 21, 2001, America was in shock when two airplanes struck Twin Towers in New York City and also attacked the Pentagon in Washington D.C. in the morning of that fateful day. The deadly blows that hit the Twin Tower caused the 110-storey buildings to collapse as people watched in horror how some of the people inside the buildings try ...

STRICTER ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION LAWS

There are existing laws in the U.S. that guaranteed augmented struggle to combat illegal immigration including the USA Patriot Act and the Enhanced Border Security and the Visa Entry Reform Act. Aside from these laws, enhanced efforts of the government included reorganization of the federal system and strict implementation of policies by law enforcement agencies to quell illegal immigration within the country. After the 9/11 terrorist attack in 2001, the country created the Department of Homeland Security to broaden security measures that address terrorism. The department is tasked to prevent law offenders, immigrants, smugglers and terrorists to enter the ...

- Introduction The 9/11 terrorist attacks by the al-Qaida on American soil brought out the weakness of the Government’s fight against terrorism and resulted in a shift, in the major paradigm shift in the counterterrorism tactics and policies. Initially America had played a very passive role in the war against terrorism because the government never thought that terrorism would affect America (Adams, Nordhaus and Shellenberger). In other words, America, being a super power, felt indisposed and safe from any terrorism. “In the wake of the 9/11 attacks, President George W. Bush declared a global war on terror and initiated a series of ...

The problem that the United States is facing when it comes to terrorism is complex. However, one of the key issues concerning the United States is the fact that al-Qaeda, its primary terrorism concern, is an enemy unlike others the United States has faced in the past. The United States has always gone to war with nations, or with recognizable groups; however, today, the United States is not at war with al-Qaeda; at least, it is not solely at war with al-Qaeda, although it is fighting al-Qaeda in a variety of different ways. After the September 11th, 2001 attacks ...

Abstract

The following research work is dedicated to Homeland Security strategies in the U.S. Special attention is paid to researching into the origin of Homeland Security concept, its definition and legal framework, which ensures activities of all the governmental authorities’ related to implementing different aspects of Homeland Security. The paper also considers major points, which deal with economic, legal and social implications of Homeland Security. According to Jane Bullock, Gorge D.Haddow, D.Coppola, E.Ergin, L.Westerman and Sarp Yeletaysi (2006), “since the events of September, 11 and the subsequent anthrax attacks carried out through the U.S. mail system, governments, organizations, and ...

Counterterrorism incorporates the techniques, tactics, practices, and strategies adopted by governments, police departments, militaries, and corporations to attack terrorist acts and threats both real and implied. Most measures taken to counter terrorism tend to pay more attention to the insurgency rather than the acts of terror themselves. The term Foreign Internal Defense or (FID) is used in reference to programs meant to either to contain insurgency, or lessen the conditions which could promote the development of insurgency. Counter-terrorism includes the detection of possible acts of terrorism and the response or reaction to events related to terrorism.

US Strategy on Counterterrorism

Most of the ...

Abstract

Terrorist attacks have become a major problem to states as terrorist insurgents have taken advantage of government weaknesses to cause destruction and take the lives of many innocent people. This is not to say that they are invincible. They too, have vulnerabilities within their organizations which, if exploited, can help destroy terrorists for good. Through research and aid of various resources, I have studied and compiled six of these vulnerabilities that can be exploited by the counterterrorism units.

INTRODUCTION

Even the super powers have suffered the impact of terrorist attacks on their territories. This is the use of violent force or ...

Criminal Law

Several countries have specific units to counter terrorism. The works of these military forces focus squarely on counterterrorism measures. The Delta Force is the major unit in the United States. It first became active in November 1977 as a branch of the United States army. Special Anti-terrorist unit operates in Serbia. It is another counter terrorist attack force in liaison with the tactical police unit of Serbia. This unit became active barely a year after the initiation of Delta Force unit. Their roles are almost similar although they operate in different localities and nations. This essay explains the major similarities and ...

- Abstract This paper provides a detailed account of the theoretical issues that have existed with the researches on terrorism and also provides a clear view of the critical perspectives on terrorism researches. The study identifies extensive literature on terrorism based studies and offers a critical analysis of the approaches used and segregates between the strengths and weaknesses of the approaches that exist. The results reveal that mixed methodologies with epistemological design are adequate for terrorism researches and it is beneficial to avoid a judgmental attitude however the proposed system also provides a technique for customized selection of methodology.

1. Introduction Terrorism ...

Question 1

What is the difference between counterterrorism and antiterrorism? Which agency is responsible for each area? Do you know why that is?

Answer:

Counter-Terrorism - Offensive measures taken to prevent, deter, and respond to an attack or terrorism. Anti-Terrorism - Defensive measures taken to reduce likelihood of an attack by making the target difficult to attack, and also reduces the vulnerability to terrorist acts. Anti-Terrorism - Department of Justice/FBI and the Department of State are the lead agencies responsible for Anti-Terrorism. With this being said, I believe all agencies also have a supporting role to prevent these types of acts. ...

Discrimination may have several definitions. The idea that different persons receive different treatment from the society or its agents explains the existence of discrimination. However, the concept of discrimination is quite multifaceted. The basis under which an individual is discriminated upon may range from gender, race, ethnicity, religion, nationality, age and in some cases political affiliation. It is the terrorist attacks of September 11th 2001 that shifted the concept of discrimination based on race and religion. Racial and religious profiling has since taken center stage in the defining 21st century discrimination . The act of terrorism on the September 11th, ...