Essays on Charter

Abstract:

Charter schools have been increasingly sponsored as a means for supporting innovation in public schools; valued as an advantageous and growing element of the educational sector. Charter schools are tuition-free and viewed as an alternative option to public schools as they are not governed by the same state laws and regulations as public schools. The authors reported that using Meta-Analysis methods demonstrated that the effects and performances of charter schools are similar to traditional public schools. Depending on the locations, grades and subjects, a percentage of charter school children would score better on tests than their public school counterparts. However, there ...

Introduction

The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms was promulgated in 1982 and it brought with it several fundamental developments in the legal system of Canada especially in the Supreme Court. Hon. Justice Frank Lacobucci makes the case that the Charter has led to increased protection of fundamental rights as well as promoting national cohesion. To this end, he examines a few of the cases determined before the enactment of the Charter and after, with a view of demonstrating the developments that the Charter has enabled. Nonetheless, it cannot be said that the Charter has been a magic wand in the improved preservation ...

Introduction

The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom, generally referred to as the Charter, is a bill of rights found in the first section Constitution of Canada enacted in 1982. This Charter assures the freedom and rights, that is, civil and political rights, to all Canadian citizens and persons within the territory of Canada. This Charter replaced the Bill of rights that was enacted to the constitution in 1960 but was found wanting due to the fact that it was a federal statute instead of a constitutional document. A federal statute is subject to amendments by the Parliament and does not apply to ...

CONTROVERSIAL EDUCATION REFORMS

Introduction Many of the debates about particular educational reforms are mostly and inherently controversial (Au, 2014; Zeichner, (2015). The controversy thereof, many a times, occur because of the existence of multiple diverse and mutually opposing values, aspirations, and general interests. For example, if one party is for a particular change such as reduction of tests in schools, that particular party will come up with quite convincing reasons such as the need for specialization and reducing burdens to students (Au, 2014). Similarly, the opposing party comes up with equally convincing reasons, and in this case, reasons such as more tests to ...

New Orleans has been known for the revamping nature in the academic system. The charter system is being embraced at an alarming rate. The former is considered as a lab where advancements related to technology could be tested before their presentation into public schools. Presently, forty-two states support charters as an option for customary schools, and enlistment has been realized, especially in urban areas. In New Orleans, forty-four of the city's students go to charter schools. These schools are freely financed, but monitored by foundations outside the public educational realm. Such include organizations, non-profit associations, colleges, and bunches of people ...

Waiting for “Superman”

Waiting for “Superman” is a documentary film produced by Lesley Chilcott and directed by Davis Guggenheim. This documentary produced in 2010 analyzes the shortcomings of the American public school system by following the struggles of several students and their families to gain access into a charter school (Guggenheim, 2012). It features students from across America that has been negatively affected by the public school system. These students together with their families have numerous hardships to overcome yet show a strong determination to succeed and an attitude of never giving up (Spina, 2011). The producer says that the problem lies with the public schools ...

Rodriguez v British Columbia [1993] 3 S.C.R 519

Introduction

This is a landmark decision from the Supreme Court of Canada in a case that ran from 20 May to 30 September, 1993. It was an appeal from the Court of Appeal for British Columbia. The file was number 234776 and indexed as Rodriguez v British Columbia (Attorney General), with Sue Rodriguez as the appellant and the Attorney General of British Columbia as the main respondent, alongside others interveners who included the British Columbia Coalition of People with Disability, the Right to Die Society, the Coalition of Provincial Organization of the Handicapped, the ...

In the US, schools are established and funded by various institutions such as the government, private investors, communities and organizations such as universities and hospitals. For this reason, it is usually normal to find that different schools have different forms of administration despite the fact that they all serve the same purpose of providing education to the children within the communities where they are found. It is also common to find that the systems set up in different schools use different approaches to the realization of goals and all this may depend on the principles on which the school ...

The charter school system is a high controversial educational move towards business-run schools. Their influence is already palpable as increasingly, more and more schools, nationally, are becoming privately owned. These schools, invariably, deviate from the government-instated curriculum by adding their own impetus to various topics – for example, the Edison group, who currently own 100 schools across America, place more importance on subjects such as Maths and Science. However, it is this aspect of charter schools that attracts a large amount of criticism: their autonomy enables them to implement a curriculum which is centric to one or two subjects. This immediately raises concerns ...

Part One: Due Process Hearing

The due process hearing was set up after there was no resolution that could be reached between the petitioner (student/parent) Carolyn Morris, and the respondent which in this case was Harmony Science academy. The action was regarding an issue with the charter school that the petitioner felt was covered under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA) as well as the state and federal regulations. Mediation was offered however it was denied so no mediation was reached in this case resulting in the hearing. Mediation is a process where the petitioner and the school might reach an agreement outside ...

Reflective Essay

The astonishing thing about charter schools is its aptitude to transform student’s performance by enhancing student’s innovative skills and wits (Tryjankowski, 2012, p. 73). Considering that the managers in a charter school have all the freedom to make changes to the system as they deem best, it is imperative to denote that students are predisposed to acquiring the best education. In essence, charter school provide a framework where students are provided an appropriate structure to learn hence improves their performance. Additionally, student’s capabilities are enhanced in a charter school subsequent to the fact that parents are involved, and teachers ...

This article describes Initiative 1240 in detail. It states that Initiative 1240 will be voted for or against on the November 6, 2012 in the whole state of Washington. It goes further to explain that the charter recommends the establishing of forty public charter schools in the state, eight schools per year, over the next five fiscal years. These schools are supposed to be public schools that operate independently. This means that these schools will not be under the supervision of local school districts. It shows views from the opposition, support team and the media as well. The support ...

Can you please ensure that the referencing conforms with the OSCOLA standard (available at http://www.legalcitation.ie/page5/files/OSCOLA%20Ireland%202011.pdf

· Can you please ensure that all web links in the footnotes work, and lead the reader to the correct cite

· Can you please use English Ireland or English UK as the default language (as distinct from English US) What I need that those points has to be solved within 18 hours. Please as my submission day is Thursday. also I do not want you to change anything in the piece of the paper just make sure from what I ask for, also I would like you to add Hyperlinks in the footnotes and the reference

Acknowledgement

The preparation of this thesis would ...

Introduction

- Canada currently does not have any active criminal laws penalizing abortion - The Canada Health Act governs the proper process of abortion in Canada - Provision of abortion in Canada varies by province

Thesis

- The due observation and respect towards abortion rights in Canada stands as inviolable under the Canadian Charter of Rights, in light of the fundamental principle of protection to life through the autonomy of decisions on the health and body of Canadian women from state intervention.

Body: Abortion Rights under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

- Article 2(a) - MAIN IDEA: Abortion is an issue severely debated by both religious and ...

As cliché as the saying is, kids really are the future. It is our responsibility as the older generation to make it better so that the next generation does not have to suffer from lack of access, resources, or funds to prosper within this economy. Education is the concrete foundation of the economic growth within the United States if not the world. Teachers are placed in their roles to foster the development of students so they will have a greater chance to succeed in the future. When students graduate they need to be equipped to take on the realities of ...

Stage-gate process is a product development model that divides the progress into stages and gates. The stages are the individual activities carried out from an idea to launch. They include discovery, scoping, building a business case, product development, testing, and launch. Gates are the checkpoints where the developers check progress against predetermined criteria. Stage-gate process has gained widespread use due to the values discussed next. Stage gate reduces the time taken from conception of an idea to the launch of the product into the market. This is because the developers perform the activities in a particular stage in parallel. The increased ...

The Association of South East Asian Nations, or ASEAN, is comprised of ten member countries that have come together to form a regional economic and trade bloc in the international community of nations already committed to pursue free and fair trade in many spheres of international fora. As the entire world gears up to realize a new globalized economic world order, countries have increasingly resorted to strengthen regional ties and promote regional cooperation and achieve the global goals of free trade within their respective economic regions, while at the same time committing to the targets of the World Trade Organization in ...

Introduction

Educational systems have been faced by various challenges of making the system, a lot of propositions have been put forth to determine the effectiveness and adoption of particular standards, in this work, a particular proposition of similar nature, is proposed. It is intended to accommodate the questions of how and why the schools system needs to be changed. In this paper charter schools are proposed to bring a huge change to the education systems, with respect to accommodating the different types of students with different learning capabilities. This system attempts to change the usual way of teaching, firstly by involving the parents, ...

The Effects of CCSS: Common Core State Standards, Charter Education & Morals

Introduction The Common Core State Standards (CCSS) for educational assessment continues to breed controversy from several perspectives, in terms of its effects on moral values and character development in students. Some educators and opponents of the Common Core State Standards implementations question whether instituting CCSS practices will foster the ideals that prompt students to become productive members of society. Another concern involves its effect on charter education. This overview shall present a literature review embedded within a topical content of conversation. As you get a chance to think about a few of the issues involved, a new matrix of thought will help to ...

The measure 1240 is a Washington state political issue that I wish to discuss in this paper. The paper will examine the views of the citizens who are either support the policy, those who do not support the policy, as well as my personal opinion on the policy. Similar laws have been put to the ballot three times previously and in all three times they have failed to pass. It is true, however, that if you try something several times, you might ultimately achieve your goal. The people who had their sights in achieving their goal of passing this law ...

Introduction

Since its establishment in 1945 as a symbol of the victory in the World War II by the allies, the United Nations has been of great expectations by many people and governments as an instrument being able to bring a lasting peace and security on the planet. The objective of maintaining a global peace has been entrenched in the Charter of the given international institution as one of its primary statutory goals. Since the time of its creation, the United Nations proved to have carried out a myriad of operations which were a subject of contrasting debates. By analyzing and discussing the appropriate findings, ...

John was born in 24th December 1166 to Eleanor of Aquitaine and Henry II of England. John spent most of his early life at Fontevrault as a magister. He was later taught by Ranulph Glanville, who was a leading English administrator. John spent some time with his elder brother, Henry the Young King. Here, he gained military and hunting skills which were very important in his later life as a king. John grew up as a hospitable, witty, genial and a generous man. Nevertheless, he was also known for his rage and sensitivity. In fact, he was known to bit and gnaw his fingers ...

Health promotion takes various approaches. In practice, health promotion involves increasing the control that individuals, communities, and populations have on healthcare. Such increase is attainable through addressing various factors that determine health. Health promotion activities aim at improving health outcomes within individuals, communities, and populations. In a bid to attain this objective, governments, stakeholders, and other interested parties have developed benchmarks for promoting health. Ottawa Chatter and Jakarta Declaration are amongst the benchmarks for promoting health. In the Ottawa Charter and Jakarta Declaration, various health promotion principles or aspects have been addressed. The following analysis aims at identifying the relevance ...

It is an obligation of society to make schools as good as possible for today’s students. About 100 years ago educational philosopher John Dewey realized that two purposes. It benefitted both society and individual student. Students at that time were not being taught or encouraged to actually think, or engage in the use of higher level thought processes. If students incorporated some of their experiences into their learning, they could then use their upper level thinking skills and make learning more valuable and a more worthwhile experience. This concept of self-driven introduced by Dewey was an entirely new concept. ...

Introduction

Heritage planning primarily involves the development, preservation, and restoration of heritage sites. Heritage sites come in different forms and one of which is the historic living city. Essentially, the historic living city pertains to towns or cities that grow alongside the development of urban spaces. It contributes or influences development in various disciplines such as heritage planning and architecture among others, and components or segments of human life be it cultural, economic, social, and political life (Bandarin & van Oers, 2012; Serageldin, Shluger, & Martin-Brown, 2001; Weyeneth, 2000). Historic living cities also bear specific qualities and characteristics, which is why defining ...

Research Paper Proposal

Introduction Multiculturalism and diversity is a major pillar of our Canadian Society. We build relationships and formulate a society based on many different beliefs and backgrounds. The pressing topic of this research paper is based on the concept of ‘multiculturalism’ and how this complex word with different interpretations relates to everyone. I also go on to confess my view on the topic as I explain the nature and extent to which we should support this holistic approach to society and define the border of understanding and compromise between multicultural groups across the country. This is not in any way ...

Introduction

For the purpose of analyzing the governance structure of a business in New Zealand, Mighty River Power has been chosen. Mighty River Power is a New-Zealand headquartered electricity generation company, which was formed in the year 1999 after splitting from the Electricity Corporation of New Zealand. On May 2013, the firm was partially privatized by the government, with the government retaining 51.78% stake and the remaining 48.22% of the stake held by private investors. They generate electricity in a number of ways; which also includes hydroelectric power and geothermal plants located in various parts of the country. They are a major source of ...

The vision of a united world has always been a dream to many, especially in the times of the two Great Wars. Peace, collective security and equal development for all had been the key objectives of world leaders in the establishment of an international organization that would embody these ideals. Each nation had attempted to make their own interpretation of this goal with several known regional organizations, but what had been the crowning glory was the creation of the United Nations after the Second World War. Since its establishment, the world had clear hopes with the UN as the body that ...

Summary of Article, “Re-Thinking the Good life”

The article begins with a brief discussion on the conditions of life in the City of Bogota, Columbia before the leadership of Mayor Enrique Penalosa. It goes further and provides his leadership strategies that enhanced the quality of life to the residents of Bogota (Assadourian et al, 164). The main strategies employed by Mayor Enrique as indicated in the article, mainly focus on enhancing the intrinsic nature of human well-being through the provision of services, products and materials that meet the immediate needs of the people. Mayor Enrique, as mentioned in the article asserts that a city is not only successful ...

Section 33 of the Canadian constitution allows parliament or provincial legislatures to pass a law even though it may contravene some aspects of the charter. As such, it is called a notwithstanding clause or a legislative override. This clause gives the parliament the opportunity to make laws which it believes are better in protecting the rights of the people as opposed to the provisions of the charter. Consequently, the parliaments as well as provincial legislatures are given the power to pass laws and declare them notwithstanding the charter. The laws that are passed by the parliaments and legislatures will therefore not be ...

With the end of the Second World War in 1945, the international community had desired to create an international organization that would ensure that wars would be prevented and entice global development and partnership between nations. There had been earlier attempts prior to the end of the war to create such “united organization”, but the growing aggression that led to the Second World War and the national interests of each nation restricted these attempts. With the aftermath of the war revealing the ailing economies of the war-torn nations and the trauma on wars, the necessity to maintain the attained ...

A Dissertation Proposal

Overview The interest of international law includes the improvement of the condition and welfare of orphans around the world. Moreover, religion also emphasized the importance of looking after the less fortunate children apart from the concerns expressed in the international treaties. In fact, the Quran mentioned about the orphans several times more than any other religious texts. The rationale behind it is that the older society encompasses a kind of injustice and oppression towards the vulnerable members of the society such as children, women and elderly. This is because of the mindset of the people in older society, which ...

Approaches to Health Promotion

Executive Summary The purpose of this paper to require the students to be able to critically analyze a recent health promotion program that is in conformity with the Ottawa Charter and the Jakarta Declaration under the supervision of the World Health Organization. The intention of this paper is to be able to present the WHO principles based on the student’s understanding. The analysis will contain the intervention program and to measure its effectiveness in accordance with Ottawa Charter by showing how the WHO principles were implemented. At the same time, the same treatment will be applied to determine ...

Health promotion takes various approaches. In practice, health promotion involves increasing the control that individuals, communities, and populations have on healthcare. Such increase is attainable through addressing various factors that determine health. Health promotion activities aim at improving health outcomes within individuals, communities, and populations. In a bid to attain this objective, governments, stakeholders, and other interested parties have developed benchmarks for promoting health. Ottawa Chatter and Jakarta Declaration are amongst the benchmarks for promoting health. In the Ottawa Charter and Jakarta Declaration, various health promotion principles or aspects have been addressed (Dixey et al., 2013). The following analysis aims ...

In the early 1990s, injection drug use reached crisis levels in Vancouver’s downtown eastside (“DTES”). Epidemics of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis C soon followed, and a public health emergency was declared in the DTES in September 1997. Health authorities recognized that creative solutions would be required to address the needs of the population of the DTES, a marginalized population with complex mental, physical, and emotional health issues. After years of research, planning, and intergovernmental cooperation, the authorities proposed a scheme of care for drug users that would assist them at all points in the treatment of their disease, not simply when they ...

Origins: Transformation of the Pan American Union into the Organization of the American states (OAS).

OAS: The rights of the individual become one of the basic principles of the organization. This commitment is defined by the 1948 declaration on the rights and duties of war.

1959: OAS creates a seven member Inter-American commission of human rights among the OAS member states

1965: OAS scope expanded to accept communications, request information from governments and make recommendations for more effective protection of human rights. Following the European standards the Inter American system has expanded its protections creating the following additional instruments: the 1985 Inter American convention to Prevent and Punish torture; the 1988 Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; ...

Part I.

According to Hermanson (2011), static budget is based on the projected level of output and does not change significantly with the changes in activity, while flexible budget provides different cost levels, depending from the projected amount of output.

We may claim that Charter School Budget is flexible, as it suggests several scenarios, and reflects changes in cost structures depending on the amount of output. We may also observe that total revenues of the charter school are divided into two different types: revenues and grants. While the amount of revenues depends on the amount of students enrolled, the amount of ...

Pros and Cons of the Notwithstanding Clause

The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms contains the notwithstanding clause. This clause has been a major talking point in Canadian politics. This is because the notwithstanding clause gives power to the provincial legislatures or the parliament to override certain portions of the rest of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Morton (2002) notes that this clause is also controversial in any instances such that there is a valid argument against its application when used and, on the other hand, its use seems unavoidable. This paper discusses the pros and cons of using this clause.

Pros

In the entrenchment of the ...

The British Empire is one of the most extensive empires in the world history. The empire is said to have ruled a population of between four hundred and seventy to five hundred and seventy million people by 1921, which is equivalent to a third of the world population. The development of the British Empire can be dated back to the activities of King Henry VII who reined in a period dated 1485 to 1509. King Henry had a strong drive to improve the British economy through trade and development of factories within and outside Britain. As a way of promoting trade, he established a modernized merchant ...

Essentially, the concept of charter schools that perpetuates the ‘rhetoric of choice’ appears to be an ideal system to facilitate equal access to educational opportunities. Nonetheless, the discussion in the article illustrates the illusion of choice. The arguments in the article present historical and current evidences that prove the illusion of choice in charter schools. Historically speaking, one of the earlier concepts of choice in education was desegregation. Desegregation, however, offered individuals limited choices. People made their own choice but these choices were influenced by other factors such as existing policies. This aspect of the discussion reveals that the ...

What challenges, if any, did colonialism and the cold war pose to the United Nations at its inception in 1945? Use specific examples to illustrate your answer. The world has gone through two serious world wars. The negative effects of first and second world, wars are still eminent. Most of the countries that actively took part in the second world wars lost their economic superiority due to repeated bomb attacks. The Allied victory against the axis brought the eagerly awaited peace. The allied forces convened several meetings that came up with the United Nations organisation. The frictions between ...

Differences between National and International NGOs -

A Case Study of the US, Bahrain and India (Author name) (Supervisor name)

References

1 Introduction Non-Governmental Organizations or NGOs have become influential actors of societal development and change on a national as well as international scale. Beginning as non-governmental consultants to the United Nations, the number of NGOs across the world has witnessed exponential growth since the 1980s. Although most people understand what an NGO is - the name itself makes it very clear that these are organizations that are not government run – there is little consensus on what may be described as key characteristics of an ...

JAPANESE POLITICS, ECONOMICS, AND/OR SOCIETY BETWEEN 1868-1920

JAPANESE POLITICS, ECONOMICS, AND/OR SOCIETY BETWEEN 1868-1920 The period of 1868-1920 saw some changes in the history of Japan. These changes had significant impacts on the political, economic and social aspects of the society of Japan. They influenced the perceptions of individuals during that period concerning political and economic elements of the society. The Japanese developed various attitudes towards these changes and had various thoughts concerning these changes. There was a correlation between the as some of them had significant influences on others. That is; some of the political changes experienced during this time played a role in the transformation ...

- Inclusion It is an approach in education where teachers and tutors should ensure that all the students are included in the learning process both in class and in the wider school. The inclusion model advocates for all the students with special needs spend more time with the non-disabled or the ‘normal’ students in the school during the learning process. Its purpose is to help families’ visions of a typical life for their children can come true, the students develop positive understanding of themselves and others while developing friendships, they learn important academic skills and above all learn by ...

U.S. Banking System 1791-1836 The First Bank of the United States was created in February 1791. The U.S. Congress chartered this bank for a period of twenty years to serve as a fiscal agent for the U.S. Treasury. The semi-private, semi-public national bank was a significant factor in the building of the U.S. economy in this period. This bank performed the first central bank functions for the U.S. government and ran from 1791 to 1811, when the U.S. Congress failed to renew its charter. This bank was important because the U.S. government had accumulated a debt to finance the Revolutionary War, and ...

Introduction

The importance of education in any country cannot be overemphasised. Quality education is a fundamental pillar of all sustainable economies in the world. As such, there are several educational programs in different countries that aim to improve the quality of education. One such program is the Knowledge Is Power Program (KIPP) whose goals are anchored in its catchy slogan “college from day one”. The aim of college-preparatory educational programs should be to increase the college acceptance rates and KIPP schools have succeeded substantially in meeting this goal.

Overview of KIPP schools

KIPP is an American nationwide network of non-profit college-preparatory schools targeted to help ...

Measure 1240

The measure 1240 is a Washington state political issue that I wish to discuss in this paper. The paper will examine the views of the citizens who are either support the policy, those who do not support the policy as well as my personal opinion on the policy. Similar laws have been put to the ballot three times previously and in all, three times they have failed to pass through. It is true however that if you try something severally, then you might achieve your goal. The people who had their sights in achieving their goal of passing this law ...

Based on the economic state of affairs in Greece, the Greek government in collaboration with international economic organizations, especially the International Monetary Fund (IMF), is in the verge of implementing various structural revenue-side and spending-side economic reforms. Besides, the government, alongside IMF strongly advocate for the mass privatization program to help open investment opportunities, increase level of funds and to boost the country’s growth potential. The IMF is a financial institution recognized internationally for its promotion of exchange rate and monetary stabilization. Specifically, the International Monetary Fund has advocated for the following to help stabilize Greece exchange rate and ...

Qantas Airlines is one of the leading and most highly developed airlines in Australia. The company was established in 1920, and has experienced rapid growth that has seen it grow from a simple company transporting passengers in two sitter planes to one that owns a fleet of more than 147 large passenger planes (Qantas, 2013). The company is well known for offering quality service to its clients and has received various awards in relation to this. This paper analyses the customer service provided by the company and its suitability to the market needs of the customer.

In order for any company ...

Technology

Wirth (2009) defines the five main ingredients included in a general strategic plan for an organization: (a) mission, (b) positioning paper, (c) strategy, (d) vision and (e) performance measures. IT projects usually have a (a) project charter, (b) project scope, (c) management plan which includes the work breakdown structure (WBS), staffing management plan, resource calendar, and (d) a final assessment report is written at the end of the project to determine what went right and what went wrong. This paper will review the similarities and differences between what is needed for a general strategic plan and what is needed for an Information Technology (IT) strategic plan. IT ...

America on the War on Terror

America and its supporters indicate that the War on Terror is justifiable under international law and the fact it intended for the paralysis of the United States, if not its total elimination. According to Yoo and Ho (2003), the attacks designed to eliminate the current military and civilian leadership status of the country with one hit and disrupt the entire country’s functions with the attack. Al Qaeda, who had claimed responsibility for the attacks, wanted to influence America into changing its Middle Eastern policy through the attack. President George W. Bush then stressed in one of his speeches ...

(Author’s Full Name) (Institution Name)

Introduction

In 1907, a small company was formed to deliver messages from Seattle and Washington with a capital of $100. Today, the company stands as a $37 billion multinational corporation known as the United Parcel Service (UPS). The company now provides air transportation and logistics services, in addition to package deliveries. In 2005, UPS was ranked as the largest package-delivery and Logistics Company. The question arises; how did this company make it this big? With a meager $100 initial capital, how did the company turn in to a multinational within a span of less than 100 years? The answers lie ...

The GATT came into action by its 23 founding members on October 30, 1947 and came into force on January 1, 1048. The original 23 founding countries include the US, Chile, India, Syria, UK, Netherlands, Canada, Australia, Myanmar, Lebanon, Norway, Cuba, New Zealand, Sri Lanka, South Africa, Belgium, Czechoslovakia Brazil, China, Pakistan, Zimbabwe, and Luxemburg (WTO 2012).

The WTO’s predecessor, GATT came into existence after World War II with the intention of harmonizing and facilitating international trade. The international community at that time raised awareness of the need for a multinational organization in addition to IMF and World Bank. ...

The federal are public of Canada has been claimed to be nation with the most extensive gay rights in the Americas. Canada has achieved this fete with several hurdles and court decisions in a bid to uphold the right of the entire group commonly referred to as LGTB (Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender). Today, it can be argued that every LGBT Canadian citizen shares almost equal rights with their straight counterparts. One of the fundamental rights that Canadian gays enjoy is civil marriage. The entire nation, since the year 2005 allowed same sex marriage making Canada the fourth country in ...

For a long time, myths have been used by various communities in various circumstances to address different issues. An example of the functions of myths is giving explanations to a certain phenomenon. A “myth” can be described as a traditional, characteristically primordial tales that deal with ancestors, supernatural beings, or heroes that serves as an explanation of a certain feature of the natural world, or defining the customs, psychology or ideals of a society. To be more precise, it is a traditional sanctified story, which resolves around the gods’ activities as well as heroes, which aim at explaining a natural phenomenon. Among the most common myths ...

1. What is the proper case citation for the case?

The proper case citation for this case is R. v. J.A. 2011 SCC 28. (It is a neutral citation). This is a criminal law decision of the Supreme Court of Canada regarding consent in cases of sexual assault.

2. Who is the Respondent and who is the Appellant?

J.A. is the Respondent while Her Majesty The Queen is the Appellant.

3. Name all the levels of court (full proper names) involved in the case.

Court of Appeals for Ontario Trial Court of Canada

4. How many SCC justices heard the ...

ABSTRACT

There are a number of important benefits that can be gleaned for humanity as a whole if production processes could be moved to space. This is a holistic investigation of the different benefits of moving manufacturing processes to space, and of the current processes that are capable of being carried out in space or in orbit. Full-scale production of space vehicles is the final end goal of the process, but a focus on small-scale production via 3-D printing technologies is also examined over the course of the study. A literature review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effects of manufacturing in Microgravity ...

Thesis: Recent development in the school funding and eliminating the segregations in schools helps in improving the quality of education.

Education has always been one of the services that the state recognizes to have top priority in terms of budget. It is quite unfortunate why the state of Kansas chose to cut its education budget, violating the state Constitution, as recently ruled by the Kansas Supreme Court. Education advocates, who have been tirelessly fighting for suitable education funding for over a decade now, favor this court ruling. Last 2009, at the start of the economic recession, the state of Kansas implemented cuts to education budget. The recession had been looked at as the reason of the state to reduce ...

International Strategy for Disaster Reduction:

International Strategy for Disaster Reduction The topic on international strategy for disaster reduction concerns itself with measures aimed at ensuring that disasters and the risks attendant to such disasters are reduced so as to avert loss. This strategy has been adopted by the United Nations in recognition of the fact that the reduction of disasters and risks is essential for economic sustainability and development in any country. Indeed, the rate at which the risk posed by disasters is moving continued to pose serious threats to people and other assets, as well as other initiatives for development. Some of ...

IRAC: Sei Fujii v State of California

Issue Whether or not, the UN Charter has the effect of invalidating the California Alien Land Law, which prohibited aliens not eligible for citizenship from owning lands.

Rule

The signatories to the UN Charter commit themselves to foster world peace by promoting tolerance, respect for treaties and other international laws and universal freedoms, which they will do jointly and on their own to achieve those ends.

Application

The UN Charter does not have the effect of invalidating the Alien Land Law because they are not self-executing. This is evident by the absence of mandatory nature of the language used. Rather, ...