Essays on Declaration

In the following essay, I would like to explain the key provisions of the doctrine of the separation of powers, as well as to demonstrate how that doctrine operates within the system of Australia`s public law.
- Separation of powers doctrine
Separation of powers is a political and legal theory, according to which the government should be divided between three independent branches: legislative, executive and judicial. The differentiation between these powers prevents possible abuse of power and the emergence of a despotic regime where no individual freedom is possible. Each of the three authorities performs its inherent tasks Continue reading...

The Clean Air Act was amended in 1990 and was established to boost local air quality by focusing on polluting sources. In the regions with poor air quality, polluting industries are required to make extra investments in pollution reduction. The research on the industry level indicated that these requirements affect the output and location of polluting industries. Therefore, the Clean Air Act was enacted to regulate pollutants, which are known as criteria pollutants.
The policy should abide with the permitted levels for each criteria pollutant. In the case a locality fails to meet the set standards over a three-year Continue reading...

Business Ethics

INTRODUCTION:
Ethics is defined as the set of characteristics, patterns of doings and right or wrong conducts possessed by a human being. Ethics can easily be influenced by human behaviours and attitudes and can have an impact on the surroundings, and the places where the person belongs. It can be a workplace, home, school, institutes or any other place (Ferrell, Fraedrich, & Ferrell, 2011).
Ethics is an essential concept that shapes the human personality, culture, values, mind-sets and one’s perceptions. These traits directly influence the corporate culture in the long term and affect the well-being of an organization. When Continue reading...

Nuremberg trials are trials that were set after the Second World War. The reasons that facilitated the setting up of the trials was the fact that the war had been witnessed by individuals who had substantively contributed to the war. In this case, many people had suffered. In most instances, several deaths were witnessed within a very short period. In this instance, German town of Nuremberg was selected to be the center that was to spearhead on the trials that were to be conducted. In this regard, it is true to note that, the genesis of the occasion of Continue reading...

Religion has been seen as disempowered and in decrease in the cutting edge world, its implications no more applicable inside the overwhelming mainstream perspective and institutional temples losing control of social life to common bodies (i.e., secularization, privatization). However religion (or secularization) may not be so static or bound together a marvel as awhile ago thought (this may be an outcome of advanced Western inclination, as, for instance, Talal Asad contends; of the (liberal) separation of social order, dividing the religious and the common, characterizing the previous as bound together conventions concerned with profound, private convictions, not handy, open Continue reading...

Abstract

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 aim at improving the health status of the population by increasing insurance coverage. It is a vibrant healthcare reform but contains controversial provisions as it expects citizens to pay uphold the insurance cover or face stiff penalty. I discussed the constitutionality of the Act by analyzing specific decisions made in courts of law. I found that the Congress overstepped its mandate and activated “inactivity,” forcing citizens to purchase insurance. The Supreme Court will conduct an assessment on the act and settle on a final ruling that is vital in Continue reading...

UN POSITION ON NUCLEAR WEAPONS

There are more than two dozen countries of the world that have nuclear power, however, only a few have nuclear weapons and few are suspected of making nuclear weapons. During the cold war era between US and USSR, nuclear arms race was the most alarming feature as both the super powers rapidly built up their stockpiles of nuclear weapons. Later when both realized, there would be devastation caused by nuclear weapons, they embarked upon a number of agreements for reduction in the number of nuclear weapons. Efforts were speeded up after disintegration of the USSR; however, the issues remained Continue reading...

In the many developments that are taking place in the religious world, ecumenism is one of the most significant of them all. Church leaders are coming together with common goals that enable them to best serve and worship God, among other many activities. The main goal of contemporary ecumenism has been for all the Christians in the world to be brought together into unity amidst diverse and pluralistic expressions of the faith. This interdenominational union is rooted in the belief that all Christians are bound together by Christ and His existence should not be the cause of division and Continue reading...

Martin Luther King Jr.’s name is synonymous with the Civil Rights Movement in the United States of America. As the most prominent figure of the moment, understanding his life goal and mission are crucial to understanding what fueled the movement itself. In order to understand that, it is important to look at the cultural context that King was born into. This sheds light on how and how his background was important in order to prepare him as a leader of the Civil Rights Movement.
Martin Luther King Jr. was not born with that name, but was born January Continue reading...

Introduction

The shared history between America and Mexico can be dated back during the Texas Revolution of 1835-1836, and the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848. As a result, several treaties had been signed in culminating differences between the two nations. For example, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the Gadsden Purchase comprise some of the agreements made between the two nations. In the 19th century, America claimed Louisiana as part of its territory and was rightfully acquired during the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. These confrontations resulted into conflict as Spain opposed to the America's claim, stipulating that the western Continue reading...

War in Iraq, is one of the controversial events in history of American wars. It takes two to tango, and this is the case of the war in Iraq. For a war to start there should be some driving forces or effects. The justification for the Iraq invasion remains quite unclear despite the prior consequences that came with the war. The invasion was suggested to have begun following the 9/11 attack of World Trade Center and Pentagon in 2001. Americans attacked Iraq in 2003 and toppled Saddam’s dictatorship, and seven years later the war came to end (Mahnken Continue reading...

Introduction

The end of World War II has introduced an era where human rights were not only appreciated, but also considered inherited entitled. They were addressed by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which was adopted by the U.N. General Assembly, as part of the International Bill of Human Rights, in December, 1948 (United Nations). According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 9, no person should be subjected to “arbitrary arrest, detention or exile” (United Nations). However, during wartime, the Fourth Geneva Convention is used, so to define detainees. There are many contradicting viewpoints, as to whether an Continue reading...

Abstract

This research is about the reasons why there is continued survival of the North Korean Country despite the harsh domestic and International conditions that have affected it over the years. The paper highlights the various problems that the country has gone through over the years especially as a communist country. The paper then focuses on the different survival strategies that the country has relied on in an attempt to survive. First, the paper looks at the conventional military brinkmanship strategy. The paper then focuses on the use of diplomacy as used by North Korea as a survival strategy. Here Continue reading...

English: Culture and Thinking

Intercultural communication aims at sharing information among people from different cultures. It encompasses wide a range of communication procedures and deals with problems faced when people from different culture are working together in one organization. The article selected for this paper is “The Crisis in Burma” taken from the website of International Coalition for the Responsibility to Protect (ICRtoP); link of the article is mentioned in the citation. In this paper, only Part VI of the article will be summarized and compared with the Bennett article as it is only this part that deals with the ethnic and religious Continue reading...

In order to get a clear picture of how Plato would respond to this dilemma, it is important to establish the facts about this case. A woman named Lisa Krawchuk qualified for welfare assistance because of her low income. The welfare authorities required her to report any changes in her income for the period that she received the benefits. She agreed to that condition, reported an increase in her income after her husband got a part-time job and the welfare office reduced her payments accordingly. Lisa failed to report that she was benefiting from a student loan and the Continue reading...

Question one

There are no changes that I would like to make on the IACP oath. This is because the oath stipulates clearly the importance of ethics in the current society and the generations to come. It has been established that that ethics is the greatest training and leadership need. The other thing is that the oath stipulates an equal treatment both of the officers and the citizens who break the law (Pollock, 2012).

Question two

In Finland, the police take their oath in accordance to their professional ethics. The police officers declare their oath upon their honor and conscience. On the other Continue reading...

World War II is up to today considered the largest and the worst war to ever happen in history. It started in 1939 from Europe and ended in 1945, spreading to almost all parts of the world and leaving about 70 million people dead. The figure included men, women, soldiers, children and civilians who died mainly due to illnesses, starvation and bomb attacks. The WW2 involved two opposing military alliances, the Axis and the Allies, formed from great nations that participated in the war. Axis was the alliance between Germany, Japan and Italy where as Allies alliance was between Continue reading...

Introduction

The Internet has greatly transformed our everyday lives and is an integral part of our national security. Nowadays communications systems are the mainstay for much of the national infrastructure. The communications sector creates the foundation for vital informational exchange, including audio, video and data connectivity, but with greater openness, interconnection and dependency comes greater vulnerability. The United States of America, just like any other modern and developed country, is very dependent on information infrastructure. Moreover this relation is constantly strengthening. Computer-based systems frequently face cyber attacks, which vary from pure innocent curiosity to critical intrusions. The consequences of these Continue reading...

i) Calculating cost of equity using CAPM Model:
Capital Asset Pricing Model, often abbreviated as ‘CAPM’, is the most fundamental concept in the investment theory of present time. This is an equilibrium model that predicts the expected return on a stock, given the expected return on the market, the stock’s beta-coefficient and the risk free rate. Considered from the borrower point of view, this model is used to calculate the cost of equity for the company using the following formula:
Cost of Equity= RFR+ Beta(Equity Risk Premium)

Below is the detailed explanation of cost of equity calculated for Tim Hortons Inc:

Risk Free Rate: This refers to rates being offered by Continue reading...

Classic English Literature

On August 28, 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous speech “I Have A Dream” at the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. The speech is a call to end racism and discrimination. The speech is the epitome of the civil rights movement in America. Through his speech, King shared his dream of living in a world where there is true freedom and equality. He dreams that someday America will be a nation where people will not be judged according to the color of their skin but through their character. The speech is a persuasive and inspirational speech which Continue reading...

The present world has been developed as a result of a large number of past events and occurrences. All through the past two hundred years, the world has seen a number of wars, disturbances, moments that have created the so called present world. The initial phase for the upbringings saw both a constructive and destructive phase. Thousands of people were killed in all parts of the world while many countries were conquered by the powerful nations. In the same period, some of the countries emerged as the major powers of the world. The most powerful nation that emerged out Continue reading...

The Declaration of Olympe de Gouges

Olympe de Gouges was a woman born on 7 May 1748 and died on November 3, 1793. His original name is Marie Gouze. She was a political activist as well as a playwright whose works reached a very large audience. In addition to that, she was an abolitionist and a feminist. Her achievements span from her times up to today. She still inspires very many people with her works. Today, people celebrate her as one of the earliest famous activists whose demand that French women receive the same rights as men gave her a wide popularity. In 1791, she Continue reading...

Our critical biography focuses on Joan of Arc, also nicknamed as “The Maid of Orleans”. She was born in 1412 in Domremy, Bar, France. A France heroine and brave national, Joan of Arc is famously known for the way she led the French army to victory over the British at Orleans, at a young age of 18 years old. Her lifestyle was more of that of a male personality. Considering she was a teenager then, she greatly achieved the unexpected. She was later captured after one year and was burned by the English together with her French collaborators as Continue reading...

Introduction

The equality of rights is one of major principles, constituted by both international and national sources of human rights law. The equality of persons’ rights and opportunities can also be viewed as a major prerequisite of the establishment of democracy and classical liberalism. In broad terms this principle means that all the people should have equal rights, regardless of their nationality, colour of skin, political views, state of health and sexual orientation. At the same time international law recognizes that family plays an essential role in the life of a person and human society as a whole. The right Continue reading...

- Historical Documents
In general, terms, the U.S Constitution is the country’s supreme law. It was adopted on 17 September 1787. However, it was not until 1789 that this constitution was ratified. During this time, it was ratified by only 11 states. Though authored by several personalities, Governor Morris who hailed from Pennsylvania has been credited as the man who chaired the committee that drafted the constitution. Other members of the committee included John Dickinson, Thomas Jefferson, and James Madison among others (Ritchie et al. 56). The Constitution was created for a number of purposes. Of major importance, Continue reading...

International Strategy for Disaster Reduction:

International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
The topic on international strategy for disaster reduction concerns itself with measures aimed at ensuring that disasters and the risks attendant to such disasters are reduced so as to avert loss. This strategy has been adopted by the United Nations in recognition of the fact that the reduction of disasters and risks is essential for economic sustainability and development in any country. Indeed, the rate at which the risk posed by disasters is moving continued to pose serious threats to people and other assets, as well as other initiatives for development. Some of the Continue reading...

(Insert Institute)
Years before the American civil War of 1861-1865, the two sides that were formed on the issue of slavery had already had different disagreements. While the Southern states were keen on ensuring slavery continued in America, the northern states sought to abolish the act and in turn make all of America slaves free. This has been attributed to the fact that the Southern States were in fact cotton farmers and had big plantations of the same all over the southern territory. With slaves came free labor and major profits from said plantations. On the other hand, Northern Continue reading...

The Turkish independence war led to the birth of the Republic of Turkey. The post-colonial government was expected to be a bastion of freedom and civil liberties. The Ottoman Empire had been defeated in the First World War, and the Sultanate abolished. The Turkish people formed the Turkish National Movement to wage war against the allied nations to grant independence to Turkey. A nationalistic government was formed in 1923 after the Treaty of Lausanne, which led to the establishment of the Turkish Republic. After independence, the government was considered to be despotic in relation to the human rights. The Continue reading...

Violation of the Russians right to free and fair elections (article 21 of the UDHR)

Human rights are evidently postulated in the entire body of international human rights decree and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. They form the heart of many national constitutions because they are renowned and endorsed by many countries. Human beings are entitled to a free and fair election (United for Human Rights, 01). However, the real situation in the world is far distant from the standards projected in the Declaration. Many countries still believe that the attainment of human rights is a remote goal that cannot be attained. One such country is Russia where article 21 of the UDHR Continue reading...

March 014

Since the mid of the 20th century the first amendment right of the students has been in controversy. In its decision the Supreme Court stated the students not to “shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate” on the Tinker vs. des Moines case.
Right to free speech plays an important role to achieve healthy democracy in a free society. New communication sources including internet have expanded the ability to express oneself and share information and participate in social and democratic political processes.

Difference between right of journalist in public and private high school

Thomas Jefferson, “Speech limited is speech lost”, the students must Continue reading...

There can never be two centers of power; the buck must stop somewhere. This saying is true in the case of state right’s and the union. In order to understand this phenomenon, it is important to look back in time to the period when the union was conceived. U.S. founding fathers deliberately divided sovereignty between the states and the federal government. The vision was that the national and devolved units of government would work together harmoniously. However, this was the recipe for a subsequent power struggles in the succeeding years. The battle lines were drawn. On one side, Continue reading...

Introduction

The American Civil War stood out as perhaps the most catastrophic historical event in the history of the United States (US). The sheer propensity of the armed conflict between Union and Confederate forces resulted to more than 600,000 deaths of soldiers from both sides – a number that rendered en masse military recruitment and conscription. The pressure to reach victory was strongly felt among the ranks of Union and Confederate forces that both sides did not hesitate to advertise their need to reinforce their respective regiments. Posters, perhaps the most sophisticated and effective advertising means at the time when Continue reading...

Thesis: As of the present time, the absence of democracy and Western ideals of peace in areas such as Ukraine and North Korea emphasizes a possibility of America failing to act as a global police because one move they make may be read differently by the opposing side and declare war, which America is trying to prevent.
- Since the end of the Cold War, the United States had been active to stop the onset of war or conflict in highly tensed nations which were either marred by terrorism or the lack of democracy under the Wilsonian foreign policy Continue reading...

Although the United States has adopted a new approach to making health care more accessible to its citizen through the Affordable Care Act, many people continue to say that the government should not be involved in controlling health care. Most people agree that Medicare has been providing, successfully, needed health care to America’s senior citizens for decades, with a very low administrative overhead. But, to expand that coverage to all Americans is seen as a dilution of individual freedom. Others argue that universal health care will cause services to degrade, cost too much in taxes, deny patients choice, Continue reading...

Introduction

In this paper, we look at gender discrimination against women in terms of early childhood investments, earnings in the labor market, education or asset ownership. Gender discrimination is prejudice against a person due to his or her sex. Gender discrimination may arise from traditional stereotyping of roles between males and females and encompasses the belief that one’s sex is superior compared to another’s. This paper relates to a lot of literature on gender discrimination in various fields as labor market discrimination and market interactions.
Gender discrimination and sexism arise from issues of power (gender-specific) that is expressed Continue reading...

The American Revolution is the political era between 1765 and 1783 when the Thirteen American Colonies disintegrated from the British Empire and formed an independent nation today called the United States of America. The Americans rejected the parliament authority to extract taxes from citizens without elected representatives in 1765. This battle continues until 1783 after the British sent combat troops to maintain peace, leading to the today called the American Revolutionary War (Fradin 12). The American Revolution had specific political goals while the creation of the new republic created some different effects on women, blacks and Indians.

The philosophical values of the American Revolution

The American Continue reading...

The Euskadi Ta Askatasuna known as ETA is an armed separatist and nationalist organization which was founded in 1959. The aim of the original Eta was the promotion of traditional Basque culture; however, they have evolved into a paramilitary group whose goal is to fight for the independence of the greater Basque Country. The ETA has become the major organization of the Basque National Liberation Movement which is chiefly responsible for the Basque conflict.
This is not the first time the ETA is declaring a ceasefire; they have declared ceasefire a couple of time in the past. The first Continue reading...

PART I:

Britain played a crucial role in shaping the economic and political history through the way it colonized various countries in the Middle East and North Africa. The aspects of European imperialism are shown clearly how it influenced the economic and political activities in the countries in the Middle East and North Africa. Several forms of European imperialism were reflected between the period of 1750 to 1914 in countries like Algeria, Egypt and Tunisia. Napoleon brought a great influence and impact in Egypt while French colonization in Algeria contributed to the way various economic and political forces were shaped in Continue reading...

The history of women in the United States Military can be traced back during and about the year 1776 during the Revolutionary and Civil wars in the United States. Just like in many nations of the world, the roles played by women in the United States military were limited. Women mostly served with the armed forces as volunteer nurses, cooks and laundresses and some went ahead to serve in disguise as soldiers (Foner). Due to the chauvinistic nature of our society women were not allowed to serve officially in the US military until the Army Nurse Corps and Navy Continue reading...

Essay

American Civil War (1861 - 1865 years) - war between the abolitionist states of the North and the eleven slaveholding states of the South. It was the inevitable consequence of the contradictions between the two social systems in the country. The basis of these conflicts was the issue of slavery, which entirely determined the economic and political interests of the planters.

American Civil War and its causes

Before the Civil War the planters had unlimited power over their slaves. The latter, in turn, were forced to live in the most brutal and unacceptable conditions. Because of this attitude the slaves often died from exhaustion, starvation Continue reading...