Essays on Invention

The term “Patents” came into existence as a legal mechanism created for the protection of the ‘intellectual capital’. It aims to protect inventor’s ideas from getting into the hands of others without appropriate permission or compensation (Bell 2013). This idea of patenting came up as a result of the early recognition that many inventors do not have the means to produce, develop, or even implement their invention at the time it was conceived. There is, therefore, a need for some protection that would encourage the inventors to aggressively pursue their ideas without someone else stealing it and thereby Continue reading...

(1) Identify eight to ten of these useful inventions or contributions.
The paper was identified to have been invented in 105 A.D.and revealed to have been credited to a certain Ts'ai-Lun, as the inventor. Although, historical documents alleged that the paper was discovered earlier, the attribute to Ts'ai-Lun was rationalized from his ability to show his invention to the Chinese emperor at the disclosed time frame .
The compass is another useful invention since it was attested to be crucial in navigating purposes in 1100 A.D. . It is useful, especially during the ancient times when no other instrument was available Continue reading...

One evening when it was raining heavily, people gathered to hide from rain near a church in London. There were few gentlemen who were talking with each other. Among these people were the poor girl named Liza. Liza was a girl selling flowers and she was a good looking girl with dirty clothes and very odd accent. In the due time there came a man named Colonel Pickering, Liza went to him and asked him if he buys some flowers. Pickering refused buying, but he gave him some money. Along with Pickering was his friend Henry Higgins. He was Continue reading...

Recommendations for AbbVie’s Overdependence on Humira

Patent Cliff and AbbVie
Patent Cliff, referred as drop in sales after the patent expires, is a global revenue threat to major pharmaceutical companies. Around 45% revenue dependence on a single medicine, Humira, by AbbVie is quite high in comparison with the industry, and the company can face major drop in revenue after the year 2016. As this product is currently a hit in the market, there are already many companies who have developed a biosimiliar of this medicine. These biosimiliars will be launched in the market after the patent expiry in 2016. Apart from major drop in revenue, Continue reading...

Instrument Implementation

The main objective of this project is to conduct creative knowledge management research which is related to RFID patients.
Background
The KM model represents the process that effectively defines the strategy for management to divest, build and enhance knowledge assets. The strength of this particular model lies on its strategic focus that essentially puts knowledge management into action (Jennex, 2007, p.114). In regard to the application of the KM model into the technology behind RFID, it becomes apparent that this form of technology has been around since the early1920’s. The first patent that was associated with the RFID Continue reading...

The software industry is an information intensive industry, whose output consists of well coded instructions that guide in the operations of gadgets like phones, smart machines, computers, and tablets. The inputs and outputs of this trade consist of intangibles, the prices of which contain substantial Schumpeterian payments. The rewards of innovators in the software industry of the 1990s were extraordinary, illustrated by the meteoric rise of Bill Gates to control the largest individual wealth in the world. The current software industry is consequently an extreme sample of an industry where the revenues to innovators investments, and in other cases Continue reading...

1. What is Bajaj’s strategy in the Indian motorcycle industry? And that of TVS?
Historically, Bajaj was a strong player in the scooter segment. It dominated the scooter market for few decades, but the scooter market faced a decline with the arrival of motorcycles. Bajaj planned to make an entry into the lucrative motorcycle market. It initially started its foray into the 100cc segment but was not successful as Hero Honda’s products were quite superior and economical. It then entered the 150cc segment because that segment was relatively competition free. With the successful launch of Pulsar and Continue reading...

Question 1

After every two years in America, a class of newly elected senators takes office at the capitol thus assuming the duties and responsibilities of the U.S Senator. The job of the senate is to serve the interests of their Congressional district citizens by introducing bills into the committee and serving on the committee. There are at least 26 committees in the House of Representatives and a number of subcommittees. On the other hand, there are there are 20 committees in the Senate and 68 subcommittees. The senate further has four joint committees in its docket to help it in Continue reading...

The industrial revolution is a revolutionary change in the means of production and its organization, which led to the transition from pre-industrial to an industrial society. The classical and the earliest example of the industrial revolution is considered England of late 18th - early 19th centuries.
The term "industrial revolution” emphasizes fast and explosive nature of the changes that occurred at the turn of 18-19 centuries, first in England and then in other countries of Europe. For the first time this concept was used in 1830 by a French economist Adolphe Blanqui. Since 1840, it has become widely used Continue reading...

I believe that kidney prosthesis will be the next great technological advancement. There are several reasons why a healthy kidney(s) are necessary, and there are several people who could benefit from prosthetic kidneys. Based on the widespread incidence of kidney failure -- due primarily to diabetes and high blood pressure -- this invention could improve the lives of millions of people who live with kidney failure, and must undergo kidney dialysis.
A normal kidney filters toxins from the blood, thereby creating urine. A sign of healthy kidneys is their ability to successfully create urine. However, many people who Continue reading...

A picture is worth a thousand words, definitely pictures can express human thoughts, emotions and dreams that can never be uttered by the lips. Back then, people can record physical appearance and historical events through paintings. On the other hand, a Frenchman named Joseph Niepce took the first permanent photograph in 1827 (Madgwick, 28). Photography made it easier for people to record history without resorting to paint the entire scenery that they see. Rich men and women, especially those who belong to the aristocracy choose photography for their personal portraits; adding a touch of modernism to their noble countenance. Continue reading...

Nikola Tesla was physicist, inventor and electrical engineer in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was the inventor of the alternating current-rays and lights as well as the laser during his career of life. During this period, the Edison’s lamps were inefficient and weak when they were using direct current. The system of direct current had several limitations such as the system could be neither transported for long disturbances nor stepped up to high voltage for long distance transmission. In addition to that, the uses of direct current system need many sub-power stations which were costly. Continue reading...

History does not lack notable and influential people who, from their simple acts and convictions, made a clear mark in the development of civilization. From politics to religion, many influential names remain known even at the present time and lauded for their contributions. However, aside from politics and religion, there are also historical figures from the scientific community whose inventions remain integral to society. One of these scientific greats is American inventor Thomas Alba Edison, the known inventor of the world’s first light bulb. However, unlike his peers, Edison was a jack of all trades who was not Continue reading...

INTRODUCTION

When we think of our fast-paced society with its short deadlines, fast food, and the need to be in two places at once, it is no wonder that Americans are constantly stressed. However, when we look at all of the technological and scientific innovations that have truly changed the American paradigm and facilitates this modern lifestyle that we covet; the automobile is one of the first on the list. Regardless of what you call it, vehicle, ride, wheels, or car, the automobile has played a huge role in the development of the society we live in today. From where Continue reading...

Our world is changing every day. New gadgets are being invented; extraordinary ways to make our lives more comfortable are being developed. Some of them will be forgotten in a year, others will be used even in the centuries. But only a few of them will give rise to the new discoveries and even to the complete change and improvement of the global world system. It is hard to predict what will such inventions be, but we can look through the history of inventions and find the most important ones for our development. In my opinion, one of them Continue reading...

Human Resource Management

This article, written by Lisa Rein and William Branigin from the Washington Post, discusses a potentially severe lack of management in the supervision of work-from-home employees whose job is to review patent applications. The individual who broke the story let the Post know that the office “tolerates” employee abuses, later citing that the department often turned their heads in the face of these time and attendance issues when productivity was high. The culture in this office is a very relaxed one, mostly because managers and supervisors very rarely interact with their employees. This inevitably leads to a relaxed feeling Continue reading...

Human beings, that were once referred to ‘’Tool using animals’’ have a long history that dates back to 2 Million years ago. However, the major source of economic development was initiated after the process of agriculture came into existence. Post the arrival of Agricultural era, Paleolithic Human largely survived on hunting animals using the tools that were directly derived from nature or were marginally modified using wooden hafts or handles by these groups. It is because of their high reliance solely on hunting, seventeenth-century philosopher Thomas Robbes, described the Paleolithic life as ‘’Nasty, Brutish and Short’’
However, the very Continue reading...

Human beings, that were once referred to ‘’Tool using animals’’ have a long history that dates back to 2 Million years ago. However, the major source of economic development was initiated after the process of agriculture came into existence. Post the arrival of Agricultural era, Paleolithic Human largely survived on hunting animals using the tools that were directly derived from nature or were marginally modified using wooden hafts or handles by these groups. It is because of their high reliance solely on hunting, seventeenth-century philosopher Thomas Robbes, described the Paleolithic life as ‘’Nasty, Brutish and Short’’
However, the very Continue reading...

The hypodermic syringe was developed independently by French veterinary surgeon Charles Gabriel Pravaz and Scottish doctor Alexander Wood in 1853 (Kravetz 2614; Olukoga, Bolodeoku and Davidson 571). They both modified the invention of Francis Rynd, a special instrument much like the modern hypodermic syringe but did not have a plunger (Olukoga et al. 571). Its invention revolutionized the field of medicine, allowing intravenous delivery of drugs, vaccines and other substances into the human body. It has also since been widely used for the extraction of fluids, such as blood, and tissue (Gill and Prausnitz 725).
The mechanism of the Continue reading...

Patent is a form of Intellectual Property Right (IPR). The IPR refers to any work or product of human creativity. It can include inventions; works related to literature and arts; designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce. Intellectual Property Rights like patents are given to promote creativity and help the creators earn recognition or financial benefit out of what they have created. This system of recognition and reward helps in encouraging further innovations.
A patent grants exclusive rights for an invention. That means, the inventor, who is the patent owner, can decide whether or not to allow Continue reading...

A patent may be defined as an exclusive right granted for a novel invention or a product that provides an entirely new way of doing things. This kind of arrangement creates a monopoly in the sense that when an inventor holds a patent, every other person is excluded from selling, using, making, offering for sale or otherwise benefitting from the invention during the term of the patent. To mitigate the impact of such monopoly, rival pharmaceutical companies make generic versions of drugs, which obviously come at a more affordable price. This is illegal in most countries, but prevails in Continue reading...

Great ideas are coveted everywhere in the world, they are overly Bidded especially where they possess a significant commercial value. Incubators of such great ideas and who lack the means and resources to implement them have always taken cover under the well known patent rights.
A patent refers to exclusivity rights granted for an invention owned by an individual given to that individual in by a sovereign state in order to make the invention public.
Employers, have always taken opportunities to recruit those with great ideas which can give their organization a running gear in the ever competitive world. Continue reading...

A monopoly is a market situation where there is only one seller but a number of buyers. The seller is the price maker. The monopolist enjoys absolute market power by virtue of which she can earn supernormal profit. The monopoly power depends, to a large extent, on the possible threats to competition. If the monopolist finds potential threat in terms of entry of competitive firms, the monopolist tries to take effective strategies to keep competitors at bay. The market power of the monopolist depends on how effective the entry barriers are. It is because of the entry barriers that Continue reading...

INTERNATIONAL 4- 8818: why are you talking to Liberty 5- 3000? You know doing that is wrong and it might cost you your life?
EQULITY 7- 2521: Not until you get this feeling that I have about her will you understand me. I have never felt like this before and I know she has awakened a certain desire in me that I have never imagined of before.
INTERNATIONAL 4-8818: but you know nothing is supposed to go on between her and you, at least according to the rules?
EQULITY 7- 2521: I am willing to pay the price. If Continue reading...

Intellectual Property Advise for the Company.

First, let me take this opportunity to congratulate you for finding a way to make the lightweight rainwear jacket hood that does not cover the wearer's face. The move is likely to spur competitive advantage of the business in the regional, as well as international market (Grossman and Helpman 49). However, the move is just the first step; there is a long way to go to make sure that the business exclusively benefits from the solution we have just discovered. The legal way to do this is to identify the kind of intellectual property (IP) measure that will protect Continue reading...

PART 1

Summary
The copyright laws and right of ownership are controversial as different players or parties debate on the issue. One of the widely and globally controversial is a wildlife photographer whose camera was snatched by the monkey taking form of self portrait ‘selfie’ photographs. The photographer decision to sell the images to some of the leading search engines companies went viral with Wikipedia being the last resort. The implications on the Australian laws as the wrangles between the photographer request for the removal of the photos from Wikipedia unfolded. The respective entities entailed refusal of Wikipedia to remove the Continue reading...

Ian Donald was born on 27th December 1910 in Cornwall Scotland; he is celebrated for his invention of diagnostic ultrasound (Ian Donald History, 2014).
The use of ultrasound dates back to 1929 when the technology was applied in detecting the defects in metal constructions, but it was until 1956 that the ultrasound was introduced to diagnostic medicine by Ian Donald. Diagnostic ultrasound or diagnostic medical sonography is a medical imaging technique of examining the internal body structures and organs. Commonly examined structures, and organs include arteries, veins, pelvis, abdomen, and pregnant uterus and its gestation. Sonography uses high-frequency sound Continue reading...

Abstract

The use of thermistors started when the scientists discovered that metals have a semiconductor property. The inventor of the first operating thermistor is Samuel Ruben. Thermistors are resistors which could vary their resistance with the change of temperature. The industry of thermistor rapidly increases due to its reliability and low price. Then, its uses became wider as more and more devices are installed by the thermistors. As the technology progresses, the use of thermistors in any devices and instruments also developed (Ametherm, np).

History

In 1833, Michael Faraday discovered that silver sulfide (Ag2S) has a semiconductor property. He observed it Continue reading...

Today the problem of plagiarism is very topical, as with the drastic increase in internet usage for different purposes, the number of pieces of intellectual property is also increasing. Internet and texts and pictures of different authors are used for studying, scientific research, which is why it is very important for people to be aware of what plagiarism means and how not to violate the copyright.
Plagiarism can be defined as an intentional attribution of authorship to someone else's product of literature, science, art, invention or rationalization invention (Blum 15). Such actions are subject to criminal and civil liability Continue reading...

The History and Development of Trains

Someone once said that necessity is the mother of invention. The invention of the Maglev train is a clear support of the statement as its invention was triggered by the ever growing population and expanding residential estates. It has created a need for a new generation of affordable, reliable and cheap mode of transport (Lee, Kim and Lee, 2006).The innovators responded by creating Maglev, a train which on top of being fast and reliable, had exemplary features such as low maintenance, eco-friendly, compact and light weight. Maglev dates back to 1934, when the German’s Herman Kemper obtained Continue reading...

[Author]

LA 1

Q2: If you were hired by your college or university to market the athletic department, what element of the marketing mix would you focus on first and why?
The answer to this question depends significantly on the popularity status of the institution’s athletic department. Is it already winning intercollegiate or inter-university tournaments? Is it still unknown and had not been performing well in these tournaments? If the athletic team had been winning in the last three years, then those wins placed the team already ahead in the recognition curve. If the team is unknown and non-performing, then Continue reading...

Intellectual Property Case Study

Part 1: Introduction

The purpose of this report is to highlight the procedural requirements that an investor must accomplish before an invention or any product design is released into the market. In the course of an invention, it is a legal obligation that the rightful owner must define the product and distinct it from other related products available. Therefore, the proprietor defines the property rights, the trademark, product design and the product accordingly acquires due recognition within the trade domains.

Registered Design:

According to the United Kingdom’s Design Act, a design describes the overall description of a new product. The Continue reading...

- What innovations or invention (technology) had the biggest impact on civilization throughout history, and why? The technology that you choose must be at least 100 years old or older. Consider how civilization has been affected by this technology over time.
We have often witnessed little new-born babies in the hospitals being cruelly injected with long needles. We hear the doctors saying, “It’s for their own good.” This is because those babies are being administered with vaccines to help them develop immunity against specific diseases that can ultimately prove fatal. Today, myriad vaccines exist that almost completely guarantee Continue reading...

This paper explores the relationship between employment density in urban centers and the rates of invention of economically related externalities. This is done through a review of the article “Urban density and the Rate of Invention” by Carlino et al (2007). The review will begin with a brief discussion of the main issues that this article addresses. This methodology and the data utilized in the study will then be discussed. This section will then be followed by a summary of the main findings and conclusions made by the authors of the study. The review will then look at some Continue reading...

There was a time when the knife in surgeons hand caused a panic death of the patients. It is very difficult to explain today, how much the medical science advanced or how much the surgical practice gained from the invention of medical anaesthesia that gave the patients the experience of painless operation.
Ether, a chemical substance was applied for the first time for medical anaesthesia on 16 October 1846 in surgery, by its inventor William Morton, at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston to operate the lump of a patient by surgeon John Warren. Invention of ether anaesthesia in Continue reading...

Introduction

There was a time when women, in order to rid themselves of unwanted pregnancy, would risk their lives by inserting coat hangers or knitting needles into their vagina to abort a child. Abortion, which refers to the process of terminating pregnancy after a woman has conceived, is debated largely even today. One better way to avoid the circumstances that lead to abortion is to go for birth control options that inhibit pregnancy in the first place. Today, there are a number of birth control options available including contraceptive pill, patch, vaginal ring, IUD, diaphragm, male condom, female condom and Continue reading...

Monsanto Co. (MC) v. Coramandal Indag Products Ltd. (CIP)

MC had alleged violation of patent by CIP. The patent in question related to the CIP inventions titled Phytotoxic Compositions and Grass Selective Herbicide Compositions contained the active ingredient named Butachlor which was duly patented by the plaintiff appellant.

Procedural History

The case was before the judicial system of India. It had first been heard in the trail Court and a ruling reached in favor of the defendants as the lower court held that the said patents were not existent and that the defendant respondent had not violated any patent thereof. The Continue reading...

Question 1

Technologically, a fundamental difference exists between innovation and invention. Invention refers to the act of generating a product or presenting a process, idea or tool for the very first time. In an invention, there are no previous authors who may have presented such an idea in the past. Innovation on the other hand refers to the process of continuously refining existing ideas or products in order to make substantial improvements to them. Technology is transferred from invention to innovation (Inzelt & Hilton, 1999). A good example of a technology invention is the Walkman which is a device that was able Continue reading...

Medicine, Mayhem and Disease

Medicine, Mayhem and Disease
1. How and why did the status of physicians and surgeons change in the 18th and 19th centuries?
Before the eighteenth century, most of the physicians and surgeons employed practices that had been used for centuries, which have yielded little or no results. There was a high mortality rate. Before anesthesia was discovered, patients underwent painful operations . The surgeons employed brutal methods as they had no other option to save the life of the patient. Even after effective methods of medicine had been introduced in the later part of the century, the physicians and surgeons Continue reading...

Facebook is a social networking platform which most people use. Apart from connecting with

Old Friends and sharing love and affection to them, some people use it as an effective instrument
For Advertisements and business. Facebook uses some business strategies to attract new
Customers and new businesses and some of them are mentioned as below:
. Putting Facebook redirection links on famous websites which people use on a daily basis.
. Using the traffic of many identified websites by providing an option of logging into their

Respective accounts via Facebook credentials.

.Sending out an Email blast: Letting all people know about his presence on Facebook which acts

A big advertisement instrument.

.Use of Facebook Plug-in: Integrating Facebook Plug-in with different websites creates branding

Awareness of Facebook.Mainly, Facebook strategy was to become number one in social

Networking Continue reading...